CN1328762A - Acoustic device - Google Patents
Acoustic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1328762A CN1328762A CN 99813837 CN99813837A CN1328762A CN 1328762 A CN1328762 A CN 1328762A CN 99813837 CN99813837 CN 99813837 CN 99813837 A CN99813837 A CN 99813837A CN 1328762 A CN1328762 A CN 1328762A
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- bending wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/227—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only using transducers reproducing the same frequency band
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/26—Spatial arrangements of separate transducers responsive to two or more frequency ranges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
- H04R3/14—Cross-over networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
- H04R9/066—Loudspeakers using the principle of inertia
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
- Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
Abstract
A method of reducing features occurring at particular frequencies such as at coincidence is described. A panel (11) has exciters (13, 15) arranged to reduce the feature. The exciters may be driven in phase but be spaced apart by a distance substantially equal to half the wavelength of bending waves in the panel at this particular frequency.
Description
The invention relates to a kind of acoustic device, it comprises a plate-type component according to bending wave action, and is used for the sound operation with the distribution of surface vibration resonance mode, and it is particularly related to panel-form loudspeakers.
Resemble that novel transducer Co., Ltd instructed from the patent application of disclosed International Application No. WO 97/09842 beginning, panel-form loudspeakers should be able to make the geometry of associated plate and the exciter energized position optimization of bending stiffness and plate.But, even this improvement is arranged, still some situation can appear during operation, changing can appear in the contribution of some frequency, for example very tedious during these frequencies, therefore, reduces or the contribution that suppresses these frequencies significantly is useful.In fact, a specific example is relevant to resonance frequency, and it at least can be with the radiation that becomes extreme angles to produce directivity for the plate surface in big template, and produces compact board scrambling useful inherently, that surpass the smoothing effect relevant with size.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of bending wave loudspeaker is provided, comprising:
One plate can support bending wave,
One first dirver is installed on the plate, and to produce output, wherein the plate sound output response that is driven by this first dirver has the characteristic of a given frequency at plate underexcitation bending wave, and
One second exciter is installed on the plate, and to produce output, wherein second exciter is arranged to when first and second exciter drives jointly at plate underexcitation bending wave, and this characteristic is level and smooth.
Second exciter is arranged on the place that a preset distance is arranged apart from first dirver, make this characteristic level and smooth, the relative phase of first and second exciter and gain can be controlled, the variable gain control that second exciter can have a filter, an attenuator, delay, phase control, signal processing and/or be associated with it.Substantially, offer the signal relative amplitude and the phase place of two exciters owing to the most important thing is, therefore, the filter, attenuator, delay, phase control, signal processing or the variable gain control that are associated with second exciter of another scheme or can also provide.But the second exciter homophase or anti-phase the first dirver that is connected in.Also can use the combination of arbitrary or all said methods.
This characteristic can be peak value, highlight or the riser portions in the sound output (sound pressure level), the function of frequency when constant as driving voltage.Loud speaker of the present invention can have a frequency response that improves in view of the above, and wherein this characteristic is level and smooth.
Second exciter preferably apart from first dirver with half distance of bending wave wavelength in the plate that is substantially equal under the given frequency, be arranged on the plate.
Also can use the odd-multiple of half-wavelength, for example not only 1/2nd wavelength and two but also 1/2nd wavelength etc.
First and second exciter preferably in phase is connected between the common terminal, and this can be easy to just can realize by the identical exciter of serial or parallel connection, so just radiation in phase of bending wave.Certainly, when all exciters under a characteristic frequency when the half-wavelength, the phase relation under this frequency will cause the counteracting of required size, to give and control and/or level and smooth.
If second exciter only is anti-phase driving with respect to first dirver, and no matter the setting of second exciter, then first and second exciter will produce destructive interference on a wide frequency ranges, causes low output, particularly when low frequency.Otherwise by first and second exciter being set at a distance of half-wavelength, first and second exciter can driven in phase and the output of enhancing sound.Only at the given frequency place, the bending wave that is encouraged by two exciters can be anti-phase and counteracting.In view of the above, loud speaker of the present invention can have the response of improvement at specific given frequency place.
Given frequency is preferably resonance frequency (coincident frequency).At the resonance frequency place, the acoustic properties of plate is to change with non-smooth manner, therefore, a crest or riser portions are often arranged, and it can smoothed processing in loud speaker of the present invention in the acoustic response at this frequency place.
Plate can be anisotropy, and has the different resonance frequencys that are associated in first and second axis.Second exciter can separate along first axle and first dirver, smoothly to be relevant to along the resonant frequency characteristic of the bending wave of first axle.Can one the 3rd exciter be set along second axis, be substantially equal to half at the resonance frequency place bending wave wavelength relevant with second axis apart from the distance of first dirver.
Can also establish one the 4th exciter, first, second, third, fourth exciter can define a rectangle on the plate surface.Can add other exciters more in case of necessity, for example be used to the power output that provides enough.
Exciter can be independent transducer, and for example each exciter can comprise that a voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and that is fixed in plate can be with respect to the magnet assemblies of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil motion.Exciter can be an inertia, and promptly magnet assemblies need not be fixed on the independent framework, and effect power onboard can produce the reaction force that overcomes magnet assemblies inertia.If exciter is with driven in phase, then some part can be shared.For example first and second exciter can comprise single transducer, this transducer has a coil and a magnet assemblies, coil has second district that first district and that is contacted with plate (first dirver) is contacted with plate (second exciter), this two position at a distance of be the given frequency place the bending wave wavelength half.
Though preferably separate exciter with specific range, it is not feasible forever.Therefore, in other example, second exciter can be adjacent to first dirver and with anti-phase driving.In this example, can use a band pass filter, like this, second exciter only drives near the scheduled frequency range given frequency.
In example, configurable a spot of exciter is operated under the high-frequency more than the resonance frequency, for example in order to reducing the disturbing effect at these frequency places, this can link by the configuration filter described and above-mentioned exciter and realize that making only has an exciter in higher frequencies of operation.Because this will destroy the electric and mechanicalness symmetry of first, second and third exciter etc., therefore, as another kind of scheme or independent upper frequency exciter can also be provided.Only provide the exciter of single upper frequency to help when upper frequency, weakening sound disturbance effects.
When one or more independent upper frequency exciter was provided, the low frequency and the high frequency that come across in the drive signal can be separated or blocked above frequency and provide the circuit that blocks following frequency to separate to other exciters by providing to high-frequency driver by one or more frequency dividing circuits.The detailed design of frequency division is the known technology in the loud speaker field, and frequency division can be steep shape in case of necessity.Frequency division should not obscured in aforesaid band pass filter, though each circuit can and close according to convenience.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a kind of bending wave loudspeaker is provided, comprising:
One plate can support bending wave,
First and second exciter is installed on the plate, is used for the bending wave in the excitation plate, to produce output, wherein
The first and the 3rd exciter half the distance of a preset frequency place wavelength of being separated by makes that when first and second exciter drives jointly the output meeting of plate is affected at the preset frequency place.
First and second exciter can anti-phasely connect, with in preset frequency place reinforcement sound output, or with being connected with level and smooth at this frequency place or reduce sound output.Strengthen response at a characteristic frequency place particularly useful to siren and other sound alarming devices, and this is only to need to produce output in given frequency.
For the more general requirement of level and smooth loudspeaker response, first and second exciter can be with being connected.In this example, as if above-mentioned other characteristics that also can use at one's leisure according to first aspect present invention.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a kind of method that suppresses the characteristic in the bending wave loudspeaker frequency response is provided, this loud speaker has a plate and that can support bending wave and is installed on first dirver on the plate, this method comprises the frequency when the first dirver response has a characteristic on the decision plate, provide one second exciter on plate, and it is arranged such that this characteristic is level and smooth when first, second exciter drives jointly.
Second exciter can be provided on the plate, and when given frequency half place of bending wave wavelength in the plate.The step of decision frequency is the resonance frequency that decision is relevant to a predetermined direction.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, one has the panel-form loudspeakers of the favourable distribution of vibration resonance pattern according to bending wave action, can according to and at least two activator device that link of associated plate between spacing control at least one frequency.
This spacing can be from a described activator device to another additional described activator device of the optimum position that is positioned at the described plate of excitation, and for described frequency, can be directly related to the bending wave propagation velocity in this plate, particularly, when receiving same signal with the homophase basis, two exciters can be decreased to gratifying inhibition corresponding to half-wavelength.
Feasible is, in fact, only supplies with a described frequency to described another activator device, promptly via narrow bandpass filtering, also can postpone and allows that this spacing is different from this half-wavelength this activator device, but still have same effect.Other or further adjustment capability can derive from the delay that puts on all the other input signals, though it needs a plurality of exciters of indifference strange land supply at optimum position.
Situation is, with a described anti-phase relation of activator device, be that the place of half-wavelength is provided with the described second additional incentive apparatus at distance its spacing, will have the opposite effect, promptly in the sound output of this panel-form loudspeakers, increase the contribution of this frequency.
The direction of this spacing also is very important, and therefore, shown in the present invention on the other hand, the bending wave on the spacing specific direction between two activator device is affected at a frequency place corresponding to this spacing.Two such frequencies can be subjected to the different spacing appropriateness influence on the equidirectional, normally at each side place of activator device of an optimum position, perhaps for the frequency relevant with this different directions, along different directions.
In instantiation of the present invention, at being relevant to the length of the described plate of rectangle or width this frequency of one wherein roughly, this spacing will be on the direction of a correspondence, promptly is parallel to wherein one of length or width side or axis.In fact, practical is, utilize respectively other activator device of separating with the optimum position of an activator device or each activator device all with respect to the optimum position of different activator device, handle the frequency that at least one is relevant to this rectangle loudspeaker panel length and width.
When using different optimum position for activator device, favourable/be differently to handle each aspect easily: in conjunction with other activator device for this purpose of separating, do not comprise combining, even generally not like this with this optimum position of one or more uses; Be used in combination a direction of uniform distances, therefore, frequency is from being related to all preferred actuator position relevant with a used position; Be used in combination along this another opposite spacing of direction (so another relevant frequency is arranged), for the preferred actuator position of at least one latter's use; Be used in combination another direction and spacing (therefore another correlated frequency is arranged), the preferred actuator position of at least one use is also relevant with spacing with a described direction; Also in conjunction with other activator device, different directions and spacing are arranged apart from other other the identical optimum position of activator device that is positioned at the significant spacing of purposes place herein.
At least for the bandpass filtering frequency of desire influence, the delay that can use other spacings and selectivity to apply certainly obtaining the identical effect of essence, even is a standardized spacing and different delays.
At least working as at this is not only measure that correlated frequency is taked, when applying together with respect to an optimum position of activator device, usefully, apply channel filtering, make selected frequency band put on the activator device that all are positioned at and are relevant to an optimum position to input signal.
Example of the present invention reduces up to inhibition on a selected frequency basis, can find out its above-mentioned specific question for relevant resonance frequency, realizes that improving acoustic performance has special advantageous use.These will carry out concrete description and diagram.Example of the present invention provides enhancing on a selected frequency basis, can find out that it has special advantageous use, for example needs a siren and/or big volume or is overlapped in the application scenario of message etc. (its can with respect to a selected frequency band operation).
When the signal component of desiring to be influenced had directivity in the output of loudspeaker panel, example of the present invention can use and be relevant to required beam-shaping effect, comprises reducing or strengthening.
The invention process is used for selected frequency at least and reduces and/or suppress and be relevant to homophase to operate isolated exciter, can find out and be equivalent to large-area excitation to a certain extent, therefore can be effectively or actual use larger area activator device, then,, compensate by other locational small size activator device with any suitable channel filtering for inevitable frequency band effect.
Particular instance of the present invention describes with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of example, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a loud speaker schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the first example flat figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the end view of first example;
Fig. 4 is that acoustical power output becomes 80 ° chart to vertical axis towards horizontal line, and it utilizes two exciters in the horizontal direction at interval and utilize single exciter relatively;
Fig. 5 is that acoustical power output becomes 80 ° curve with the vertical axis towards level, and it has utilized two isolated in the horizontal direction exciters, compares with using single exciter;
Fig. 6 shows the frequency division configuration of first example;
Fig. 7 shows the frequency division configuration of a conversion;
Fig. 8 shows second example with nine exciters;
Fig. 9 shows the frequency division configuration in second example;
Figure 10 shows the electrical impedance of second example;
Figure 11 shows the analog board displacement of the one dimension sample that uses two exciters;
Analog board displacement when the sample that Figure 12 shows Figure 11 only drives with an exciter;
Figure 13 shows the axis upward pressure response of configuration shown in Figure 11;
When Figure 14 shows 541.7Hz as the acoustic pressure of angle function;
When Figure 15 shows 2039Hz as the acoustic pressure of angle function;
When Figure 16 shows 4515Hz as the acoustic pressure of angle function;
Figure 17 shows the acoustic pressure in all angle upper integrals;
Figure 18 shows a loud speaker plane graph of the present invention;
Figure 19 shows the end view of loud speaker shown in Figure 180;
Measurement result when the plate that Figure 20 shows Figure 18 and 19 drives an exciter;
Measurement result when the plate that Figure 21 shows Figure 18 and 19 drives two exciters; And
Figure 22 illustrates another configuration mode.
Consult following equation (equation 1,2), (v) depend on frequency (equation 1), cause a resonance frequency (equation 2), the velocity of wave of this moment equals the speed of sound of harmless plate to the lip-deep velocity of wave of plate.At this resonance frequency place, big plate, the polar diagram of for example 1450 millimeters * 1100 millimeters plates has shown that sound pressure level (SPL) peak value appears at relative plate surface and is the extreme angles place.Because a plurality of reasons, this situation is more obvious at big plate.Higher than the then desirable bending stiffness of large tracts of land (B), and resonance frequency is lower, scatters because being relevant to the fuzzy function of plate gauge lattice than any " boundling " effect of platelet.Moreover big plate has less blurring effect, so peak value can be comparatively obvious.
Equation 1
Wherein v (f, β μ) are velocity of wave, depend on unit be the frequency f of Hz, panel material bending stiffness β that unit is Newton meter, and unit be the area density of every square metre of kilogram.
Equation 2
Fig. 1 shows a loud speaker schematic diagram of the present invention.Plate 11 has and is installed on its lip-deep first dirver 13 and second exciter 15.Measurement utilizes a microphone 17 to carry out around a horizontal route 19, to measure the acoustical power response.Acoustical power response for function perpendicular to the angle of 21 one-tenth in the center line of plate.
For this reason, the center of exciter 13,15 is along half at resonance frequency place wavelength of the ripple of horizontal axis 35 apart from S in the heart.
Fig. 2,3 shows a particular instance of this notion.The one rectangle anisotropic plate 11 that is measured as 1450 millimeters * 1100 millimeters has the core body 25 of one 10 millimeters thickness, reach the top layer 27 of 0.106 millimeter thickness being made by the epoxy resin that contains year carbon fiber, the top layer is incorporated into core body by 90gsm (the restraining every square metre) epoxy resin film 29 that is stated from a cotton carrier.Installed part 23 provides support plate in using.
In order to make plate can play the effect of projection screen, glue onboard with the PVC projection material 31 of double-side membrane 33 with 534gsm.
Plate has the bending stiffness of 184Nm along first long axis 35, is 71Nm along second minor axis 37, has 1.92 kilograms/meter
2Area quality density.
Resonance frequency is velocity of wave in the plate and the velocity of sound in the free air, is taken as 344 meter per seconds, matched frequency.By above-mentioned parameter and equation 1, then the dependent resonant frequency of sound wave on the x direction can calculate and be that 1924Hz, the half-wavelength under this frequency are 89.583 millimeters, and therefore second exciter 15 is that being installed at a distance of first dirver 13 along long axis is 90 millimeters places.
Though calculating is to be relevant to available point source forcing device, available exciter diameter then can be up to more than 25 millimeters usually, and this no longer is a point source.Therefore, may need some to adjust to do improvement, but, this can obtain at an easy rate by spline fit method.Maximum position tolerance in the 5-10% scope can be expected use for for example about 5 millimeters.
The resonance frequency place and more than, i.e. about 2KHz, the voice output of this frequency has very strong maximum being place, 80 degree angles with center line 21.Fig. 4 shows when using and not using second exciter to do compensation 80 ° output, measures to be to use the 1V excitation and to carry out 2 meters distances, and uses and do not use second exciter 15.
Upper curve shows a peak value, the output that this curve representation only uses first dirver to encourage among Fig. 4 near 2KHz.Be easy to find out the improvement of using two exciters 13,15 to produce among Fig. 4, this improvement sees using the excitation of two exciters to measure the lower curve of gained, and this line does not demonstrate resonance peak.
Use two exciters 13,15 only can proofread and correct with horizontal plane (x-axis 35) in the relevant characteristic of boundling.But boundling also can betide y axis 37.Because plate is anisotropy, therefore the wave resonance frequency along the y axis is different with wavelength.Can calculate and obtain according to above-mentioned same way as in the half-wavelength separation at resonance place be 54 millimeters.In view of the above, being arranged to apart from first and second exciter 13,15 along the v axis third and fourth exciter 17,19 is 54 millimeters, and these four exciters constitute a rectangle.Use rectangular reason to be that it keeps symmetry physically, thereby the mechanical impedance that makes exciter about equally, and make group be easy to drive.
Show to adopt another improved results to exciter to be presented in Fig. 5, peak value only uses first pair of exciter and the sound output at 80 degree places below horizontal line in the fine rule representative of 3KHz, and thick line represents to use the effect of all four exciters.As mentioned above, the peak value at resonance place obviously reduces.
In the state of having no reply, on axis, have minimum resonance effect, promptly along center line by the measured value of a microphone.But, when loud speaker be installed on one indoor and when having echo, one listens the hearer can all hear sound in all angles, because of it can arrive the hearer after by wall reflection.The response that improves is provided in the loud speaker time of day of the present invention, even on axis.
One upper frequency exciter 21 (as Fig. 2) is provided, only when high-frequency, has operated.Low, the medium frequency that comprise resonance are produced by first to fourth exciter 13,15,17,19, and the separation of this frequency range can reduce the high-frequency disturbing effect of not expecting by the generation of many drivings exciter.
All exciters are preferably driven by frequency dividing circuit shown in Figure 6 20, and first to fourth exciter is to be connected between the common terminal, that is a driving input point 22 and earth terminal 24, and all terminals then can be connected to a signal source, for example an amplifier.Upper frequency exciter 21 is to be parallel to an inductance L 3, and the two capacitor C 3 of connecting again, and this can be by common terminal or terminal driving separately.
First to fourth exciter the 13,15,17, the 19th drives jointly and to be divided into the series connection of two parallel connections right, and these exciter row are to be series at an inductance L 2 in parallel, resistance R 1 and capacitor C 2, and it is done extra control to frequency response one weak filter is provided.Then, this weak filter is connected to input 22 via an inductance L 1, is connected to earth terminal 24 via a capacitor C 1, so that low-pass effect to be provided.
Shown in the value of assembly as follows: L1 is that 0.92mH (Low ESR), L2 are that 5.0mH, R2 are that 0.4 Ω, L3 are that 0.9mH (Low ESR), C1 are that 6.8 μ F, C2 are that 100 μ F, C3 are that 6.8 μ F and R1 are 30 Ω.
Another configuration mode that is used for driving four exciters 13,15,17,19 is presented in Fig. 7, and in this configuration, wherein the two is by an electric capacity 39 bridge joints to first to fourth exciter, with high frequency short circuit, according to this, only has two exciters to drive with higher-frequency.
Fig. 8 shows the above-mentioned example modification with other exciters.First to fourth exciter is shown in previous example.And in this whole system, the 5th exciter 41 and the 6th exciter 43 are provided in optimum position, to be coupled in the resonance bending wave in the plate.The 7th exciter 45 and the 8th exciter 47 are to be relevant to the 5th and the 6th exciter respectively and to separate along horizontal axis 35 and they.This be because in the horizontal plane because the scrambling due to the directivity is more obvious than vertical direction scrambling for the hearer, and this scrambling can be proofreaied and correct by level interval.One the 9th exciter 49 is separating with a different spacing and the 5th exciter in contrast to the 7th exciter direction also along first axle.
The frequency division system that is relevant to whole nine exciter systems is shown in Fig. 9.The electrical impedance of its calculating or simulation gained then is shown in Figure 10.Resistance is approximately being reduced to minimum 8 ohm between 12KHz and the 500Hz, this is particularly conducive to input signal amplifier, and if desired, can provide scope other system is parallel to loudspeaker panel 30 on demand, can reduce the chance of amplifier overload.The setting of frequency division in fact only allows 41 actions of the 5th exciter with the output radiation of generation high frequency sound, and is that high-frequency is responded other improved effective extensions.
Whole nine exciter systems of Fig. 3 have and are directed in the output behavior angle and low frequency and operate the ductile favourable effect of improving, and the echo that records response is listed among Fig. 8, and it is being benchmark with a limit 80 degree angles on the axis.
A plurality of exciters used herein provide bigger control to directivity, have increased value and the bandwidth of maximum SPL.This control is destructive overlappingly not take place or realize by what make the selected bending wave that is relevant in the plate effectively, the frequency field that is influenced is controlled by the exciter ad-hoc location in the plate zone, and comprise any content that resonance frequency applies, realized removing the SPL maximum of about 10dB, become the extreme angles place otherwise should value can betide with the plate surface.
Large-sized typical speaker shown in Fig. 1 and 2 perhaps also can be the screen of watching that is used to be called family movie or multimedia facility usually as the center channel loud speaker.Usually the specification of edge can be installed on the wall for plate 11 usefulness installed parts 23, and also can be installed on plate 11 fronts for a decorative panel.The low frequency performance is owing to plate improves apart from the interval of any rear wall is minimum, and can be by one deck wave absorption material such as foam polyurethane sheet being fixed to the plate rear side and normal edge is realized, that is absorbing and be higher than 800Hz and about 40 to 80 millimeters spacing backwards.
All sizes that Fig. 1,2,8 is indicated should be considered as only for exemplary.Some exciter that indicates with fork on Fig. 8 is positioned at the optimum position according to distribution pattern, sees for example WO97/09842.
Can adopt four exciter structures, make all exciters with the gamut be the basis by series connection-combination form in parallel operation, that is produce 6 ohm load and supply with amplifier in a signal.Person in addition, but be used to offset above frequency input signal autoexcitation device 13,15 radiation in zone that are relevant to the resonance frequency effect, and its method is to connect a high pass filter between other exciter, as shown in Figure 7, and electric capacity 39.This can produce upper frequency rising (if require or needs, and utilize a proper resistor to be series at electric capacity 39, can change), and reduces the disturbing effect when high-frequency.The hearer detours and can hear this interference when plate.In order to keep offsetting the aforementioned symmetry of the mechanism in the counteracting scope between the exciter, the current phase that flows in each exciter should change as far as possible less, and should apply the compensation of any necessity, for example one 6 μ F electric capacity can produce the current phase change of 12 degree at the 2KHz place, it equals 3 millimeters spaces reduction, and this can compensate spaces increase between 13,15 and 17,19 with the exciter in Fig. 2 or 8.The compensation of using a series resistance with electric capacity 55 to reduce to separate changes.
The additional incentive device for have no reply, almost not influence of axis upper frequency response because the major part of plate is not on the line that connects exciter.Therefore, the normal bending wave behavior that is caused by pattern field device position can be born in most plate surface.The meter of (indoor) echo response is revealed improvement when this method of use,, and have level and smooth Overlay because reflect from wall, ceiling and floor.
Figure 11 and 12 is relevant to the plate calculation of displacement.When a bending wave panel vibration, the displacement of plate promptly is relevant to bending wave action and takes place.Simply seesawing different with whole plate that conventional piston formula loud speaker takes place is that more complicated displacement pattern has taken place.Figure 11 show use at 71,73 places two plate calculation of displacement during exciter at interval, Figure 12 is the situation when only using an exciter at 71 places, displacement is relatively used as plate.These two figure are relevant to the calculating that use is undertaken by the energy of resonance frequency supply by exciter, and have passed through simplification, and wherein plate is by a length dimension and a vertical dimension modeling.In view of the above, actual two dimensional panel bending causes some complexity of displacement to be removed in the third dimension.Yet result's bigger plate displacement when being presented at the resonance of seeing among the Figure 12 that only uses an exciter is had the structure of two exciters to balance out basically among Figure 11.In field of acoustics, this result can cause becoming the extreme angles place with the plate surface, and sound pressure level has reduced at the resonance frequency place.This is that this resonance effect (being known boundling) has reduced because big plate displacement is coupled in air and produces sound in the extreme angles place.
For situation with two exciters in Figure 11 and 12, calculated the acoustic pressure on the axis, it the results are shown in Figure 13.There is the result of an exciter to be illustrated in following solid line, and has the result of two exciters to represent superincumbent dotted line.Because two exciters produce double power, so the sound pressure level of dotted line is higher than 3 decibels of solid lines haply.This result calculates under the situation about having no reply, and promptly it does not consider any echo.No matter use one or two exciters, can't see peak value in the pressure-responsive of frequency function.This is because the peak value when resonance is to sound at the extreme angles place to axis.Therefore, when desiring to demonstrate the effect of using two exciters, just need to consider the angle dependence of sound pressure level.
Figure 14 shows and is being starkly lower than under the 541.7Hz frequency of resonance, towards the sound pressure level of different directions radiation.As can be seen, under this frequency, radiation is roughly isotropism.
Figure 15 shows the result at resonance place (2039Hz).Have only the result of an exciter to show when extreme angles, to have very significantly peak value and valley.And under the situation that two exciters are arranged, all peak values and valley have smoothly been fallen significantly.
Figure 16 shows the result under the above 4515Hz of resonance.This frequency place offsets.
The another kind of method that presents these results is that as the function of frequency, to all sound pressure level integrations, result shown in Figure 17 still has one and two exciters respectively on all angles.When using an exciter, the peak value of resonance place (2000Hz) is obviously greater than using two exciters.
These results that calculate gained have utilized measuring samples to obtain affirmation.Specimen is shown in Figure 18 and 19, is made of the aluminum honeycomb 51 of 3.5 millimeters thickness, and the lax non-woven fabric of thermoplasticity of the cover piece 55 usefulness 50gsm that carbon fiber top layer 53 and vinyl are made is bonded at the front.Plate is to be rectangle, and it is measured as 220 millimeters along minor axis 57, is measured as 440 millimeters along long axis 59.First and second exciter 61,63 all is installed on the plate, is 25 millimeters exciter, and with a little quality loop it is linked to plate.The place is measured from immediate corner, first dirver 61 be positioned at along 94 millimeters of minor axis, along 195 millimeters places of long axis, second exciter 63 is to be installed in apart from 43 millimeters places of first dirver with the angle towards 22.5 ° of nearest corners in the first long axis direction.
Figure 20 shows the measurement of plate by acoustical power under the situation of first dirver 61 drivings, and Figure 21 shows the result who drives two exciters 61,63.It it should be noted that the data in this two figure below the 200Hz be should give and disregarded, because can't be caught exactly by measuring equipment.By these curves more as can be seen, the peak value of resonance frequency place (approximately 3600Hz) can significantly reduce by using two but not an exciter.
Be different from shown in Fig. 2 and 8 than large sample be, this plate along the minor axis direction is being quite little (220 millimeters), therefore the resonance boundling in this axis direction does not constitute serious problems.Therefore, can only utilize two exciters and obtain preferred result.
Figure 22 shows the detailed content of another kind of configuration mode.Wherein, the one 13 exciter and second exciter 15 are approaching mutually settings, and second exciter is via a band-pass circuit 81 and the lead 83 anti-phase first dirvers that are connected in.As mentioned above, this configuration mode can adopt spacing between half-wavelength exciter in addition.
Claims (26)
1. bending wave loudspeaker comprises:
Plate (11) can support bending wave,
First dirver (13) is installed on the plate, and to produce output, wherein plate (11) the sound output response that is driven by this first dirver has the characteristic under the given frequency at plate underexcitation bending wave, and
Second exciter (15), be installed on the plate, at plate underexcitation bending wave to produce output, wherein second exciter (15) is arranged to when first and second exciter (13,15) when driving jointly with respect to position, spacing, orientation, phase place, filtering feature and/or the gain of first dirver, and this characteristic is level and smooth.
2. loud speaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein given frequency is a resonance frequency.
3. loud speaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein second exciter (15) is to be substantially equal to half distance of bending wave wavelength in the plate of given frequency with distance first dirver (13), is arranged on the plate (11).
4. the described loud speaker of arbitrary as described above claim, wherein first and second exciter (13,15) same-phase connects, and feasible bending wave by the exciter radiation is same-phase.
5. loud speaker as claimed in claim 4, wherein first and second exciter is connected between the common terminal.
6. the described loud speaker of arbitrary as described above claim, wherein plate has first axle (35) and second axis (37), second exciter (15) separates along first axle (35) and first dirver (13), smoothly to be relevant to along the resonant frequency characteristic of the bending wave of first axle (35).
7. loud speaker as claimed in claim 6, wherein be provided with one the 3rd exciter (17), separate along second axis (37) and first dirver (13), the distance of the two is substantially equal to half along the resonance frequency place bending wave wavelength of second axis (37).
8. loud speaker as claimed in claim 7 wherein is provided with one the 4th exciter (19), and first dirver (13), second exciter (15), the 3rd exciter (17) and the 4th exciter (19) define a rectangle on the surface of plate (11).
9. loud speaker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein second exciter (15) is adjacent to first dirver (13) and anti-phase with it connection.
10. the described loud speaker of arbitrary as described above claim wherein is provided with a filter and first, second exciter and wherein one links, with the exciter of frequency selectivity ground by being associated near the preset frequency band the given frequency.
11. loud speaker as claimed in claim 10, its median filter are the logical filters (81) of band that is series at relevant exciter.
12. the described loud speaker of arbitrary as described above claim, further comprise a upper frequency exciter (21), to encourage the frequency more than the predetermined cut frequency, an and frequency dividing circuit (20), be fed to upper frequency exciter (21) to block above frequency, be fed to other exciters (13,15,17,19) to block following frequency.
13. a bending wave loudspeaker comprises:
Plate (11) can support bending wave,
First, second exciter (13,15) is installed on the plate (11), is used at plate underexcitation bending wave, to produce output, wherein
First, second exciter (13,15) separates half distance of wavelength under the preset frequency, and when first and second exciter drove jointly, the sound output meeting of plate was affected at the preset frequency place.
14. loud speaker as claimed in claim 13, the wherein anti-phase connection of first, second exciter (13,15) is to strengthen the sound output at preset frequency place.
15. loud speaker as claimed in claim 13, wherein first, second exciter (13,15) is with being connected, to reduce the sound output at preset frequency place.
16. loud speaker as claimed in claim 15, wherein given frequency is a resonance frequency.
17. loud speaker as claimed in claim 16, wherein first, second exciter (13,15) makes the bending wave homophase of exciter radiation with being connected.
18. loud speaker as claimed in claim 17, wherein first and second exciter is connected between the common terminal.
19. as each described loud speaker in the claim 15 to 18, wherein plate has first axle (35) and second axis (37), second exciter (15) separates along first axle (35) and first dirver (13), smoothly to be relevant to along the resonant frequency characteristic of the bending wave of first axle (35).
20. loud speaker as claimed in claim 19, wherein be provided with one the 3rd exciter (17), separate along second axis (37) and first dirver (13), the distance of the two is substantially equal to half of the resonance frequency place bending wave wavelength that is relevant to second axis (37).
21. loud speaker as claimed in claim 20 wherein is provided with one the 4th exciter (19), first dirver (13), second exciter (15), the 3rd exciter (17) and the 4th exciter (19) define a rectangle on the surface of plate (11).
22. loud speaker as claimed in claim 13 further comprises a filter (81), wherein one links with first, second exciter, with optionally by the frequency near the preset frequency band the given frequency.
23. as each described loud speaker in the claim 13 to 22, further comprise a upper frequency exciter (21), to encourage the frequency more than the predetermined cut frequency, an and frequency dividing circuit (20), be fed to upper frequency exciter (21) to block above frequency, be fed to other exciters (13,15,17,19) to block following frequency.
Can support the plate (11) of bending wave and be installed on first dirver (13) on the plate 24. a method that suppresses the characteristic in the bending wave loudspeaker frequency response, this loud speaker have one, this method comprises:
Frequency when the first dirver response has a characteristic on the decision plate,
One second exciter (15) is provided on plate, its be arranged to when first, second exciter (13,15) when driving jointly this characteristic be level and smooth.
25. method as claimed in claim 24, wherein second exciter is arranged on the plate, is positioned at half place of given frequency lower plate bending wave wavelength.
26. as claim 24 or 25 described methods, the step that wherein determines frequency is the resonance frequency that decision is relevant to a predetermined direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9826164.7 | 1998-11-30 | ||
| GBGB9826164.7A GB9826164D0 (en) | 1998-11-30 | 1998-11-30 | Acoustic devices |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1328762A true CN1328762A (en) | 2001-12-26 |
Family
ID=10843276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99813837 Pending CN1328762A (en) | 1998-11-30 | 1999-11-29 | Acoustic device |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1135966A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002532038A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1328762A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1571800A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9916144A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9826164D0 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW469746B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000033612A2 (en) |
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| CN1914950B (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2010-10-13 | 汤姆森许可贸易公司 | First-order loudspeaker crossover network |
| CN1882198B (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2012-06-13 | 南京大学 | Method for designing sound pressure frequency response curve of drive location optimization bending vibration type thin plate loudspeaker |
| CN107925824A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2018-04-17 | 罗切斯特大学 | Use the system and method for mode dividing network control panel-form loudspeakers |
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| GB0018997D0 (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2000-09-20 | New Transducers Ltd | Bending wave loudspeaker |
| GB0019701D0 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2000-09-27 | New Transducers Ltd | Loudspeaker |
| EP1209949A1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-05-29 | Technische Universiteit Delft | Wave Field Synthesys Sound reproduction system using a Distributed Mode Panel |
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| UA51671C2 (en) * | 1995-09-02 | 2002-12-16 | Нью Транзд'Юсез Лімітед | Acoustic device |
| JP2001507186A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 2001-05-29 | エヌシーティー グループ インコーポレーテッド | Electroacoustic transducer |
| ATE214535T1 (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 2002-03-15 | New Transducers Ltd | SPEAKER |
| GB9709959D0 (en) * | 1997-05-15 | 1997-07-09 | New Transducers Ltd | Panel-form loudspeakers |
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1998
- 1998-11-30 GB GBGB9826164.7A patent/GB9826164D0/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-11-29 WO PCT/GB1999/003956 patent/WO2000033612A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-29 EP EP99958342A patent/EP1135966A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-29 CN CN 99813837 patent/CN1328762A/en active Pending
- 1999-11-29 BR BR9916144-3A patent/BR9916144A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-29 JP JP2000586132A patent/JP2002532038A/en active Pending
- 1999-11-29 AU AU15718/00A patent/AU1571800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-02 TW TW88121062A patent/TW469746B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1914950B (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2010-10-13 | 汤姆森许可贸易公司 | First-order loudspeaker crossover network |
| CN1882198B (en) * | 2006-04-30 | 2012-06-13 | 南京大学 | Method for designing sound pressure frequency response curve of drive location optimization bending vibration type thin plate loudspeaker |
| CN107925824A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2018-04-17 | 罗切斯特大学 | Use the system and method for mode dividing network control panel-form loudspeakers |
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| CN109845291A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-06-04 | 索尼公司 | Show equipment |
| CN109845291B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2022-03-08 | 索尼公司 | Display device |
| CN114554356A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2022-05-27 | 索尼公司 | Display device |
| US11356759B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2022-06-07 | Sony Group Corporation | Display apparatus |
| CN112532901A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 海信视像科技股份有限公司 | Display device and terminal |
| CN112532901B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2023-01-10 | 海信视像科技股份有限公司 | Display device and terminal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW469746B (en) | 2001-12-21 |
| GB9826164D0 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
| JP2002532038A (en) | 2002-09-24 |
| BR9916144A (en) | 2001-11-06 |
| AU1571800A (en) | 2000-06-19 |
| WO2000033612A2 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
| WO2000033612A3 (en) | 2000-08-17 |
| EP1135966A2 (en) | 2001-09-26 |
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