CN1328626A

CN1328626A - Hydrostatic pressure retainment system

Info

Publication number: CN1328626A
Application number: CN99811797A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 小罗伯特·约瑟夫·塞特洛克; M·E·加雷特
Original assignee: West J Ltd; BOC Group Ltd
Current assignee: West J Ltd; BOC Group Ltd
Priority date: 1998-08-06
Filing date: 1999-08-06
Publication date: 2001-12-26
Also published as: MXPA01001340A; WO2000008375A1; AU5549999A; EP1105672A1; BR9912795A; KR20010090714A; CA2339558A1; JP2002522715A

Abstract

A pressure vessel comprises a matrix structure extending in three dimensions. The matrix is in generally hydrostatic (triaxial, or three-dimensional) tension when carrying loading induced by pressure of the compressed fluid stored within a series of voids interlinked at their point of contact in the matrix. A fluid impermeable outer covering surrounds, and is contiguously supported by, the matrix. The pressure vessel can assume an irregular shape. Transfer means, including an artery system, is provided for admitting and discharging the fluid. A solid surface component, while in a liquid phase, can be mounted on the matrix and changed to a solid phase, anchoring the component to the matrix with an integral bond.

Description

Hydrostatic pressure retainment system

The cross reference of related application

The present invention is according to Robert J.Setlock, Jr. 08/06/98 application, the United States Patent (USP) that is entitled as " hydrostatic pressure holding device and high strength connecting method " and trademark office make in first to file for the 60/095th, No. 509.

Invention field

Present invention relates in general to the pressure vessel field, particularly relate to a kind of for keeping pressure fluid at the three-dimensional structure matrix and element being connected to apparatus and method on the matrix.

Background of invention

Store gases at high pressure usually need to adopt have sphere, the hollow container of the outer wall of cylindrical, elliposoidal, curved or these combination of shapes. Known have multiple very effective shape to bear by the interior tension that causes in the wall that is pressed in, but these shapes are not the resulting structure that can make. In addition, these traditional outer wall constructions are difficult to effectively be assembled in the existing space. In prior art, knownly many internal supports of various structures that adopt are disclosed to form the embodiment of non-traditional shape in pressure vessel. But the non-traditional pressure vessel of all in the prior art all has overweight characteristic. Owing to can not take full advantage of construction material, all the traditional pressure vessel than equivalence is heavy for they. The invention provides than the light new features of equivalent traditional pressure vessel that are manufactured from the same material.

Another shortcoming of conventional container is in the situation that outer wall construction lost efficacy, because the effect of stress that pressure produces, container will lose efficacy suddenly. The Compressed Gas of sudden outburst and outer wall fragment will produce blast, near personnel and equipment be caused have a strong impact on.

At my patent specification WO97/27105, a kind of possible gas high-pressure storage tanks has been described among the USSN08592004, particularly have the holding vessel that is arranged in the tank body and is installed in the reinforcement matrix of its inwall, matrix occupies the space that is no more than jar internal capacity 50%. But high-pressure storage tanks has following shortcoming, namely makes difficulty and expensive, and does not generally have enough intensity to bear the high pressure that this jar has usually.

The former product that discloses but do not apply for a patent of ERG space company has adopted a kind of DUOCEL perforate aluminum foam as the internal support of irregular shape pressure vessel especially, but it has following shortcoming, namely make difficulty and expensive, and generally do not have enough intensity to bear the high pressure that this jar has usually.

The patent specification WO98/33004 of Mannesmann AG has described a kind of container for stores compression gas, and its external metallization wall has sealed a cavity, wherein is provided with and the actual open cell metallic foam that links to each other of outer wall. But the container of this reinforcement generally can not bear the high pressure that high-pressure storage tanks has usually.

Same tropism's material such as iron and steel etc. has mechanical property, be included in have a few on (homogeneity) and each direction (same tropism) and have identical hot strength. Like this, iron and steel bears tension load simultaneously on all three Cartesian axles. But, usually use seldom by this way material. Usually, material loads (plane load) in a direction (axially) loading or at both direction. Part material bearing capacity has been wasted, thereby has limited its structural effectiveness. The filament or the fiber that are in extended state bear axial load. Material ability in the load of residue both direction upper support has been wasted. The conventional housings formula pressure vessel that holds Compressed Gas is under the load of plane. In take up an official post material tension on both direction at a set point place of outer wall, this both direction is by limiting on the tangent plane of set point place and outer surface, shown in Fig. 1 and 3. Still be wasted in the material ability perpendicular to the direction upper support load on given plane. In addition, axial and plane load will cause the torsional deformation of material, and this is the main cause that causes structural failure.

Preferably on all three directions, equally material is loaded (hydrostatic pressure load, three axle loads or three-dimensional load), utilize the material that is under the hydrostatic pressure load (or three axle loads or three-dimensional load) fully, and put its Residual Loading Capacity to good use. This desirable state has also prevented torsional deformation. Another advantage of being out of shape that is not distorted is greatly to have increased the bending strength of material under the hydrostatic pressure load. Like this, only need the material of smaller size smaller just can make container, when with the conventional enclosure pressure vessel relatively the time, this so that container weight alleviate. For structural hydrostatic pressure load, pressure vessel is a kind of desirable application form, and this is because fluid (liquid and/or gas) pressure is offset by hydrostatic pressure.

This structure can be made the form that has be used to the inner base in the hole that holds pressure fluid or gap. Matrix has carried the load that most of pressure produces. The entity thin outer crust of a slight tension is installed on the matrix to keep fluid. Matrix material depends on the three-dimensional state (or form) of matrix in an axle (the worst state) or the bearing capacity on every part of all three axles (best state).

A kind of basal body structure example with matrix characteristics of optimum state is with a series of roughly material bodies in gap spherical in shape, and these spherical gaps are in its contact point place interconnection. These contact points can form aperture, the orifice size between the adjacent segment usually be no more than clearance surface long-pending 10%, preferred 5%, preferably 2%, most advantageously be no more than 1%. This basal body structure has caused lot of materials to be under hydrostatic pressure (three axles or the three-dimensional) pulling force. These gaps are basically spherical in shape, preferably have identical size. These gaps evenly distribute in whole matrix basically, preferably are on the stereochemical orientation of plane centering. Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that expression has desired external morphology, wherein has equally distributed spherical gap and has very little passage 18, and these passages 18 link to each other each gap on each contact point with adjacent segment. Fig. 7 has represented preferred plane centering stereochemical orientation. Kept continuous in all three directions. This hydrostatic pressure form through optimizing can reach desirable structural effectiveness basically, and this is because when as the inner base in the pressure vessel, it can obtain a high proportion of matrix material under hydrostatic pressure tension load condition.

Fig. 8 is the photo of conventional foam. Owing to have irregular structure and do not have perforated wall, support member almost whole youngster is a simple axial member. When as the inner base in the pressure vessel, this structural form is the hydrostatic pressure tension load of support substrate material effectively.

Relative density refers to that the fertile material volume accounts for the ratio of matrix cumulative volume. Under the matrix form of optimum state, the intensity of matrix will with the linear variation of relative density. Desired density is required hydrostatic pressure hot strength (maximum pressure of storage) and the ratio (comprising design factor) of the hydrostatic pressure hot strength of fertile material. The stereochemical orientation of plane centering formed the uniform-spherical spatial shape the gas carrying capacity of getable maximum, about 67%. This relative density with about 33% equates. Therefore, according to fertile material and packing method, matrix will have preferably from about 30% to about 35% or from about 2% to about 30% or from about 35% to about 50% relative density.

Referring now to Fig. 1 and 2,, makes the volume of the required fertile material of conventional housings formula globular pressure-container 10 and will do one relatively by required volume with making matrix formula globular pressure-container 12. Here provide the estimated value of thin-wall ball.

Maximum stress: σ₁＝σ ₂＝pr/2t

Shell is thick: t=pr/2 σ

Surface area: S=4 π r²

Material volume: V_smtl＝St＝4πr ²×pr/2σ

V _smtl＝2×πpr ²/ σ (equation 60)

Wherein:

σ=maximum stress, fertile material

The maximum pressure that p=stores

R=pressure vessel radius

The t=shell is thick

The S=surface area

V _smtl=case material volume

For matrix formula globular pressure-container 12, shell is not that limit load is born structure, so do not consider. Forming the required material volume of matrix is the product of spheroid volume and matrix density.

Spheroid volume: V_sph＝(4/3)×πr ³

Therefore: V_mmtl＝(4/3)×πr ³×(p/σ)＝1.33×πpr ³/ σ (equation 62)

Wherein:

V _sph=spheroid volume

V _mmtl=matrix material volume

With equation 60 and 62 relatively, can learn the advantage of material usefulness. The theoretical yield strength of best basal body structure can improve 33% than spherical shell. In fact can surpass 20%.

Referring now to Fig. 3 and 4,, make the volume of the required fertile material of conventional housings formula cylindrical pressure vessel 14 and will do one relatively by required volume with making matrix formula cylindrical pressure vessel 16. Here provide the estimated value of thin-wall ball, ignored end cap. In all shell cylinders, arc stress σ₁Lengthwise stress σ₂2 times.

Maximum stress: σ_max＝σ ₁＝pr/t

Shell is thick: t=pr/ σ

Surface area: S=2 π rl

Material volume: V_smtl＝St＝2πrl×pr/σ

V _smtl＝2×πpr ²L/ σ (equation 66)

Wherein:

L=cylinder length

For matrix formula cylindrical pressure vessel 16, shell is not that limit load is born structure, so do not consider. Forming the required material volume of matrix is the product of cylindrical volume and matrix density.

Cylindrical volume: V_cyl＝πr ²l

Therefore: V_mmtl＝πr ²l×(p/σ)＝πpr ²L/ σ (equation 68)

Wherein:

V _cyl=cylindrical volume

With equation 66 and 68 relatively, can learn the advantage of material usefulness. The theoretical yield strength of best basal body structure can improve 50% than cylindrical housings. In fact can surpass 40%.

The lightweight shell of relative thin can be installed on the matrix, also its integral body can be made an element with matrix. For analysis purpose, thin outer crust can make many little, interconnection, be roughly circular profiled sheeting. The circle that can adopt radius in relative broad range, to change. The maximum radius size of these circles is determined by the matrix gap size. Fig. 5 has represented to have the polygon that radius is the described circle of a, and its limit number is n. Required outer casing thickness is the function of the strength of materials and the polygon radius size of fluid pressure, permission. According to stress and the distortion formula of Roark, the maximum intensity of polygonal panel is positioned at the outer edge of each plate. Below data be from selecting in 20 groups of data the form 26 of Roark formula calculating.

n	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	∞
n	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	∞	β ₂	1.423	1.232	1.132	1.068	1.023	0.99	0.964	0.944	0.75

Maximum stress: σ_max＝-β ₂qa ²/t ²Thickness: t²＝|-β ₂qa ²/σ _max|

t = \sqrt{| \frac{- β_{2} q a^{2}}{σ_{\max}} |}

(equation 72)

Wherein:

σ _max=maximum allowable stress

β ₂=the coefficient of tabling look-up

A=polygon radius

The q=fluid pressure

The t=film thickness

The below is with the efficient of example explanation matrix formula pressure vessel. With the most bad condition of polygon conduct of circle, its limit number=∞, radius=matrix space radius, β₂=0.75. Suppose that it is 0.0625 inch space that hydrostatic pressure matrix through optimizing has radius, and be that the 6061 T6 aluminiums of 40k psi are made with yield strength; Q=450psi., the thickness such as the following table that calculate from formula 72 when 6kpsi. and 15k psi.:

Parameter	Low pressure	Middle pressure	High pressure
Parameter	Low pressure	Middle pressure	High pressure	Maximum working pressure (MWP), psi.	150	2,000	5,000
Fracture pressure (3 * maximum pressure), psi.	450	6,000	15,000	Maximum working pressure (MWP), psi.	150	2,000	5,000
Fracture pressure (3 * maximum pressure), psi.	450	6,000	15,000	Required outer casing thickness, inch	0.00597	0.02180	0.03447

The element such as the surface of solids such as shell, applying nozzle can be made one with matrix, perhaps installs subsequently.

Summary of the invention

According to the present invention, a kind of hydrostatic pressure holding device for compressed fluid is provided, it can bear internal high pressure. Described pressurizer comprises the load that is produced by the pressure of compressed fluid for carrying. Basal body structure comprises a material bodies, and it has a series of spherical gaps that are roughly, and these gaps interconnect at its contact point. These contact points can form aperture, wherein the orifice size between the adjacent segment usually be no more than clearance surface long-pending 10%, preferred 5 %, preferably 2%, most advantageously be no more than 1%. This basal body structure can be described to have an almost integral body of the open gap form of sealing, and the result is that lot of materials is under hydrostatic pressure (three axles or the three-dimensional) pulling force. These gaps are basically spherical in shape, preferably have identical size. These gaps evenly distribute in whole matrix basically, preferably are on the stereochemical orientation of plane centering.

Matrix is metal preferably, for example aluminium, steel, stainless steel and analog.

Shell surrounds matrix, is used for compressed fluid is remained on matrix. Shell has the inner surface that is installed on matrix exterior boundary surface or the zone. For the fluid that keeps, shell is fluid-tight, and the next-door neighbour is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface basically.

The conveyer that is used for that fluid introduced matrix and discharges fluid from matrix also is provided.

Usually, the hydrostatic pressure holding device that has almost an interstitial structure of sealing is not that metal (or other materials) the foam manufacturing technology by standard obtains. Such device can be made by adopting the model casting technology, and this foundry engieering has used unified bead. For example, gas keeps structure to make by following step: prepare the forming metal shell similar or identical with the inner base that will make, then these globules are added in and make inner base on the container by apply the globule of making such as volatile substances such as urea with powdered-metal, cover and guarantee in system, to form a manifold or tubular passage with the powdered-metal layer. Then this device is heated to about 200 ℃, so that metal paste is hardened in together, and urea globule volatilization and overflow by manifold. Then can with should " semi-finished product " container in high temperature furnace sintering to form final structure. Say in essence, because manufacture method, loculus all is spherical, and the internal connection is all very little and be positioned on the contact point of adjacent loculus, therefore only between each loculus, just can make the form of porous with tiny inside tie point, thereby increase the intensity of whole matrix.

Method the most handy " snowstorm " packing method that applies organic ball to metal can realizes that to reduce irregular structure, still, the honeycomb of simple single size will only stay 67% vacant volume in free space. Can increase volume ratio by adopting the small size spheroid, these spherulas can be assemblied in the space between other spheroids effectively.

Have and experiment showed, that when diameter proportion is between 7: 1 and 10: 1 be optimum, and the bead ratio is 18-20%. By adopting " snowstorm " packing technique, by means of the bead that uses required size scope and ratio, it is very even that this structure is made.

Another embodiment adopts the powdered-metal top layer, can avoid producing any contraction problem.

In the solid shape of plane centering orientation, the space between the spherical gap also can hold less gap, and its radius is:, d wherein_LittleClosely spaced diameter, d_GreatlyIt is the diameter in large gap. This process can be repeated with less spherical gap, forms the structure of less dense. Another kind of manufacturing technology of replacing comprises United States Patent (USP) 5,151, the 246 described metal forming process of Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, but is not limited to this, and the content of this patent is included in here as a reference. Can make structure required for the present invention with fast imaging technology and similar approach.

Accompanying drawing is briefly described

By following detailed description to the embodiment of the invention, will understand better the present invention, and other features and advantages of the present invention can show more clearly, described embodiment represents with following accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the stereogram of spherical shell formula pressure vessel, has represented to be applied to the plane stress on the housing;

Fig. 2 is the stereogram of matrix formula globular pressure-container, represented not the matrix with shell body;

Fig. 3 is the stereogram of not being with the cylindrical shell formula pressure vessel of end cap, has represented to be applied to the plane stress on the housing;

Fig. 4 is the stereogram of matrix formula cylindrical pressure vessel, represented not the matrix with shell body;

Fig. 5 has the polygon that radius is the inscribed circle of a, and its limit number is n;

Fig. 6 is the form schematic diagram of optimizing through hydrostatics, has represented a plurality of equally distributed spherical gaps, all has very little interface channel at each contact point place of each gap and adjacent segment;

Fig. 7 is the form schematic diagram of optimizing through hydrostatics, has represented the best fit plane centering stereochemical orientation in spherical gap;

Fig. 8 is the photograph of conventional foam;

Fig. 9 is partly cut-away's stereogram of the hydrostatic pressure holding device of one-tenth constructed according to the invention;

Figure 10 is the enlarged drawing of details 12 shown in Figure 2, has represented the cross section in duct;

Figure 11 is the profile that passes matrix and surface of solids element, has represented that element material inserts the state of matrix.

The description of preferred embodiment

Referring now to Fig. 6,7,9 and 10,, sequence number 20 has represented a hydrostatic pressure holding device that is used for store compressed fluid. The weight of this device is less than the weight of equivalent traditional pressure vessel made from same material, and this device comprises three dimensional matrix 22, is used for those loads that produced by the pressure of pressure fluid (not shown) of carrying. Matrix can be made also with multiple material can have various structures. Usable polymers, metal and compound form has the matrix of optimizing form through hydrostatics. Fig. 7 is the form schematic diagram of optimizing through hydrostatics, the plane centering stereochemical orientation in spherical gap wherein, and this is to implement preferred structure of the present invention. The shape of each loculus all is spherical basically, and basically evenly distributes in whole basal body structure. (the little cavity configuration that has represented intimate sealing here). Each loculus 26 all has continuous wall 28, and these walls 28 almost completely will be for the space that keeps pressure fluid or gap 30 sealings. Gap 30 is interconnected by opening or the hole 32 of the less on the loculus wall 28. Hole 32 guarantees that fluid roughly distributes equably in matrix 22. The outer boundary of matrix 22 has formed exterior boundary surface 34.

When carrying the load that is produced by pressure, basically all parts of matrix 22 all almost are in the hydrostatic pressure extended state. Different according to fertile material and packing method, matrix 22 have and are preferably about 30% to about 35% relative density, perhaps from about 2% to about 30 %, or about 35% to about 50%. But the little new feature of weight ratio tradition pressure vessel depends on relative density. The feature of low weight depends on the structural effectiveness of matrix form fully.

Shell 36 surrounds matrix 22, be used for pressure fluid is remained on matrix 22, and fluid can not see through. Shell 36 has outer surface 38 and relative inner surface 40. The inner surface 40 of shell is attached on the matrix exterior boundary surface 34. Shell 36 basically is close to and is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface 34. Exterior boundary surface 34 and shell 36 can form any fluid-tight shape. This is that small part is born by shell 36, so arc stress no longer is a limiting factor because most of stress is born by matrix. Like this, the structure of exterior boundary surface 34 can be symmetrical, perhaps can be slightly asymmetric (irregularly shaped).

The matrix 22 of hydrostatic pressure holding device 20 and the total quality of shell 36 are significantly less than that the total measurement (volume) of measuring with the outer surface 38 of shell 36 is identical, the parent manufactured materials is identical and have the same design parameter and be designed to bear the total quality of the equivalent conventional housings formula pressure vessel of same fluid pressure.

Also provide conveyer that fluid is introduced matrix 22, and be used for fluid expulsion matrix 22. Particularly, conveyer comprises that at least one is installed in the nozzle 42 on the shell 36. The aperture 46 that this nozzle 42 has inner surface 44 and passes it and be communicated with matrix gap 30. The network in a selectable duct 48 can be provided, and this pore network is communicated with nozzle bore 46 and matrix gap 30. Fig. 9 has represented the channel system 48 of section form. Duct 48 comprises pipeline 50, these pipelines 50 from the mouth hole 46 of disputing towards the matrix gap 30 extend and become very little and number numerous. As shown in figure 10, pipeline 50 comprises that a plurality of holes 52 are to transmit fluid. Duct 48 has increased the liquid communication rate of passing this system, is used for when fluid enters quickly collecting fluids from matrix 22 quickly to matrix 22 distributing fluids and when the fluid expulsion. Duct 48 and matrix 22 can be made overall structure, perhaps separately make. Duct 48 can be made with matrix 22 usefulness commaterials, perhaps uses with the different materials of matrix 22 couplings and makes and be installed on the structure of matrix 22.

When solid shell 36 is not made an integral part of basal body structure, as shown in figure 11, adopt new installation system with

solid shell

36 or 54 integral installations of surface of solids element on the exterior boundary surface 34 of matrix 22. Shell 36 or element 54 are formed on the solid phase matrix 22, and component inner surface or whole element 54 are liquid phases. A preset distance 56 in the matrix 22 can be inserted or extend to component inner surface. Then element solidifies, thereby element is fixed on the matrix 22. So just obtained firm Integral connection structure. This not expensive mounting structure can with irregular external boundary respective outer side edges. The method that adopts comprises pouring, floods, sprays, smears, vacuum impregnation and similar approach, but is not limited to this. Can also be the enough thick mechanical protection layer to form impact, to pink etc. of shell. In addition, can also apply label to form identifying information, safety indication and similar information. Shell also can have external appearance characteristic, and can adopt biodegradation material in some system.

This paper also discloses the hydrostatic pressure keeping method that is used for store compressed fluid. The method may further comprise the steps: basal body structure 22 is extended to exterior boundary surface 34 in three directions; Shell 36 with impermeable fluid surrounds matrix 22; The inner surface 40 of shell 36 is installed on the exterior boundary surface 34 of matrix 22; Shell 36 is close to basically is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface 34; Make the fluid that is under the pressure flow into matrix 22; Compressed fluid is remained in the gap 30 in the matrix 22; Compressed fluid is remained in the matrix 22 with shell 36; To be essentially the load introducing matrix 22 of hydrostatic pressure by the pressure of compressed fluid; Basically the load that is under the hydrostatic pressure tension force is loaded on the part nearly all in matrix 22 materials; And from matrix 22, discharge fluid.

Other step comprises: nozzle 42 is installed on the shell 36; And hole 46 is communicated with matrix gap 30 by nozzle 42.

Other step also comprises: the network in duct 48 is communicated with nozzle bore 46 and matrix gap 30; During liquid flows into, distribute a fluid in the matrix 22 by duct 48; Collect fluid by duct 48 from matrix 22 at liquid between expulsive stage.

Other step comprises: with border surface 34 juxtapositions of inner surface and the matrix 22 of element, and inner surface material is liquid phase; With inner surface material impregnation matrix gap 30 to one desired depths; Change inner surface material into solid phase, thereby element is positioned on the matrix 22.

Other step comprises makes outer edge surface form irregular structure.

The step that has again comprises makes matrix 22; And by adopting full form casting process to form matrix.

The step that has again comprises formation matrix 22; And make matrix by Fraunhofer type metal foam, described metal foam is improved to open aperture between adjacent gap.

The step that has again comprises formation matrix 22; And by adopting quick shaping process to make matrix.

From top description, can find out, the present invention has satisfied the needs that a kind of system for keeping pressure fluid is provided, this system can't produce the plane load on relatively thick wall, but bears more effective static pressure load and obviously alleviated weight with less material; This system is not limited in sphere, cylindrical, ellipse or curved, but can make not very symmetrical structure to be assembled in arbitrary given shell; Even under its outer wall construction failure conditions, this system can not explode yet; This system comprises surface of solids element is installed to method on the matrix of arbitrary surface texture securely.

Although this paper describes in the mode of preferred embodiment and shown the present invention, those skilled in the art still can make the multiple variation with function equivalent of the present invention. For example, the above-mentioned hydrostatic pressure holding device that represents in Fig. 9 is cuboid. Should be realized that, also can adopt arbitrary shape or structure, can be symmetrical or asymmetric. Therefore, should be understood that the above only is exemplary to the detailed description of the embodiment of the invention. Within not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention of describing such as claims, can make change to the multiple details in design form of the present invention and the structure.

Claims

1. pressurizer, comprise: be used for carrying by the matrix of the load of the pressure generation of compressed fluid, basal body structure comprises a material bodies, it has a series of spherical gaps that are essentially, these gaps interconnect at its contact point, these contact points form aperture, and wherein the orifice size between the adjacent segment is no more than about 10% of gap interior surface area.

2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, basal body structure comprises the gap, and it is spherical that described gap is essentially, and basically evenly distributes in whole matrix.

3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, basal body structure comprises the gap of similar size.

4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, basal body structure is included in the gap that is orientated on the stereo directional of plane centering.

5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, lot of materials all is under the pulling force effect of selecting from the group that comprises hydrostatic pressure, three axles, three-dimensional or its combination in the matrix.

6. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the orifice size between the adjacent segment is no more than about 5% of gap interior surface area.

7. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the orifice size between the adjacent segment is no more than about 2% of gap interior surface area.

8. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the orifice size between the adjacent segment is no more than about 1% of gap interior surface area.

9. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, shell surrounds matrix, be used for compressed fluid is remained on matrix, shell has the inner surface that is installed on the matrix exterior boundary surface, and shell is fluid thoroughly, and the next-door neighbour is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface basically.

10. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the conveyer that is used for that fluid introduced matrix and discharges fluid from matrix also is provided.

11. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is used for store compressed fluid.

12. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, conveyer comprises that also at least one is installed in the nozzle on the shell, and nozzle has inner surface, and the mouth of disputing has the through hole that is communicated with the matrix space.

13. device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the pore network that provides to be communicated with nozzle bore and matrix space also is provided conveyer, collects fluid during for distributing fluids when fluid flows into matrix and at the fluid expulsion matrix.

14. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, inner surface extends to the interior preset distance of matrix so that inner surface is positioned on the matrix.

15. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the exterior boundary surface structure is irregular.

16. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that matrix comprises structural foam.

17. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, matrix is Fraunhofer type metal foam.

18. a hydrostatic pressure holding device that is used for store compressed fluid, this pressurizer comprises:

(a) matrix, be used for carrying by the load of the pressure generation of compressed fluid, matrix extends to exterior boundary surface in three-dimensional, matrix has a series of gaps, these gaps interconnect at its contact point, are used for holding compressed fluid, and these gaps are communicated with distributing fluids equably basically, when load that bearing pressure produces, nearly all part of matrix all is in basically under the hydrostatic pressure pulling force;

(b) shell, it surrounds matrix, is used for compressed fluid is remained on matrix, shell has outer surface and relative inner surface, inner surface of outer cover is installed on the matrix exterior boundary surface, and shell is fluid thoroughly, and the next-door neighbour is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface basically; And

(c) be used for that fluid introduced matrix and discharge the conveyer of fluid from matrix; Wherein,

(d) the general construction quality that the general construction quality of the matrix of hydrostatic pressure holding device and shell is identical less than the total measurement (volume) with the outer surface measuring of shell, the parent manufactured materials is identical and have the same design parameter and be designed to bear the equivalent conventional housings formula pressure vessel of same fluid pressure.

19. pressurizer as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, conveyer comprises that also at least one is installed in the nozzle on the shell, and nozzle has inner surface, and nozzle has the through hole that is communicated with the matrix space.

20. pressurizer as claimed in claim 19 also comprises a pore network that is communicated with nozzle bore and matrix gap, collects fluid during for distributing fluids when fluid flows into matrix and at the fluid expulsion matrix.

21. pressurizer as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, inner surface extends to the interior preset distance of matrix so that inner surface is positioned on the matrix.

22. pressurizer as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, the exterior boundary surface structure is irregular.

23. pressurizer as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that matrix comprises structural foam.

24. pressurizer as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, matrix is Fraunhofer type metal foam.

25. a hydrostatic pressure keeping method that is used for store compressed fluid, the method may further comprise the steps:

(a) on three-dimensional, basal body structure is extended to exterior boundary surface;

(b) shell with impermeable fluid surrounds matrix;

(c) inner surface with shell is installed on the exterior boundary surface of matrix;

(d) shell is close to basically is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface;

The fluid that (e) will be under the pressure is introduced matrix;

(f) compressed fluid is included in a series of gaps, the contact point place of described gap in matrix interconnects;

(g) compressed fluid is remained on be with in the chlamydate matrix;

(h) by the pressure of compressed fluid matrix is introduced in load;

(i) in nearly all part of matrix, carry the load that basically is under the hydrostatic pressure pulling force; And

(j) discharge fluid from matrix.

26. pressure keeping method as claimed in claim 24 is further comprising the steps of:

(a) nozzle is installed on the shell; With

(b) by nozzle aperture is linked to each other with the matrix space.

27. pressure keeping method as claimed in claim 26 is further comprising the steps of:

(a) pore network is communicated with nozzle bore and matrix space;

(b) when flowing into matrix, fluid dispenses fluid to matrix by the duct; And

(c) when the fluid expulsion matrix, collect fluid by the duct from matrix.

28. pressure keeping method as claimed in claim 25 is further comprising the steps of:

(a) when inner surface material is liquid phase, with the exterior boundary surface juxtaposition of inner surface and the matrix of element;

(b) with inner surface material impregnation matrix space to a desired depth; With

(c) change inner surface material into solid phase, thereby element is positioned on the matrix.

29. pressure keeping method as claimed in claim 25 also comprises this step, exterior boundary surface is made irregular structure that is:.

30. pressure keeping method as claimed in claim 25 also comprises this step, makes matrix with structural foam that is:.

31. pressure keeping method as claimed in claim 30 also comprises this step, makes matrix with Fraunhofer type metal foam that is:.

32. a hydrostatic pressure holding device that is used for store compressed fluid, this holding device comprises:

(a) matrix, be used for carrying by the load of the pressure generation of compressed fluid, matrix extends to exterior boundary surface in three-dimensional, matrix has a series of spaces be used to holding compressed fluid, when load that bearing pressure produces, nearly all part of matrix all is in basically under the hydrostatic pressure pulling force;

(b) shell, it surrounds matrix, is used for compressed fluid is remained on matrix, and shell has the inner surface that is installed on the matrix exterior boundary surface, and shell is fluid thoroughly, and the next-door neighbour is supported on the matrix exterior boundary surface basically; And

(c) be used for that fluid introduced matrix and discharge the conveyer of fluid from matrix.

33. one kind with the method that is in the fluid filling pressure vessel under the pressure, described pressure vessel comprises a hydrostatic pressure holding device, and described method comprises:

(a) acquisition includes the pressure vessel of hydrostatic pressure holding device, and it comprises:

(i) pressure vessel with filling opening and casing, described casing has at least two opposed inner walls that define internal capacity; With

(ii) strengthen matrix for one, it is arranged in the described casing and is installed on the described inwall, described reinforcement basal body structure comprises a material bodies, it has a series of spherical gaps that are essentially, these gaps are in its contact point place interconnection, these contact points form aperture, and wherein the orifice size between the adjacent segment is no more than about 5% of gap interior surface area;

(b) fill described pressure vessel with the fluid section ground that is under the pressure at least.

34. one kind stores the method that is in the fluid under the pressure in pressure vessel, described pressure vessel comprises a hydrostatic pressure holding device, and described method comprises:

(ii) strengthen matrix for one, it is arranged in the described casing and is installed on the described inwall, described reinforcement basal body structure comprises a material bodies, it has a series of spherical gaps that are essentially, these gaps are in its contact point place interconnection, these contact points form aperture, and wherein the orifice size between the adjacent segment is no more than about 5% of gap interior surface area.

The fluid that (b) will be under the pressure places in the described pressure vessel; With

(c) described fluid is under the pressure to remain in the described pressure vessel.