CN1323475A - Pre-and post-compensation techniques for wavelength division multiplexing system - Google Patents
Pre-and post-compensation techniques for wavelength division multiplexing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1323475A CN1323475A CN 99811195 CN99811195A CN1323475A CN 1323475 A CN1323475 A CN 1323475A CN 99811195 CN99811195 CN 99811195 CN 99811195 A CN99811195 A CN 99811195A CN 1323475 A CN1323475 A CN 1323475A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- dispersion compensation
- dwdm
- optical fiber
- wave division
- dispersion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
- H04B10/2513—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion
- H04B10/2525—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion using dispersion-compensating fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to optical transmission systems
- H04B2210/25—Distortion or dispersion compensation
- H04B2210/252—Distortion or dispersion compensation after the transmission line, i.e. post-compensation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to optical transmission systems
- H04B2210/25—Distortion or dispersion compensation
- H04B2210/254—Distortion or dispersion compensation before the transmission line, i.e. pre-compensation
Abstract
A long haul, broadband DWDM system that has been optimized by the proper selection of the distribution of total dispersion compensation. Dispersion compensation is utilized at both the receiver and tranmitter ends. System performance is dependent on the ratio of compensation split between the transmitter and the receiver. A system operated in the nonlinear regime can be compensated to operate with low BER and with reduced penalties due to residual dispersion effects, even when the spread of total accumulated dispersion between the two extreme channels in a broadband system exceeds 1,100 ps/nm.
Description
The application requires the priority of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/101,241 of submission on September 21st, 1998, and this application is introduced in full by reference here.
Invention field
The present invention relates to wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) system, relate in particular to intensive WDM (DWDM), wherein all utilize dispersion compensation, make WDM optimization generally in addition at receiver and reflector two ends.
Background of invention
The various effects of optical communication system neutral line color separation have been done research.Specifically, emitter terminals or the receiver end employing dispersion compensation technology at wavelength division multiplexer is interesting always.
Dispersion compensation is used at the receiver (RX) and reflector (TX) two ends that the invention belongs at intensive WDM simultaneously, to obtain more performance.The invention provides and make double dispersion compensate optimized technology, provide the characteristic of entire WDM and network of relation thereof.
A factor that influences the best ratio of dispersion compensation on RX and the TX two ends significantly is the value of warbling of reflector.Other factors comprises power level, number of active lanes, channel plane, optical fiber dispersion and system length.
RX and TX two ends at wdm system provide dispersion compensation can produce than compensate stronger result on single-ended simultaneously.Yet, for particular system, the type of the chromatic dispersion (dispersive power) between RX and TX two ends and the necessary balance that distributes.If inappropriate balance, the possibility of result even poorer than the result of single-ended compensation.
Can regulate the dispersion compensation rate with experiment method by trial-and-error method, but this method not only bothers but also arduous.Utilize analogy method can be easier to the initial analysis optimization, analogy method is described the propagation of light wave in optical fiber.The software that can carry out this analysis can be provided on the market.Analysis can be simulated along the propagation of all passages and be considered significant nonlinear effect and effect of dispersion simultaneously.
People's such as Hayee M.I. exercise question is article (the I.E.E.E optoelectronics technology wall bulletin of " pre-compensating of chromatic dispersion and nonlinearity and post-equalization in the 10Gb/s wdm system ", 1997) the instruction double compensation provides the minimum loss of each passage in the dispersion management wdm system, here with this piece article hereby incorporated by reference.In addition, the optimised quantity of this piece article instruction pre-compensating and post-equalization depends on employed specific dispersion map among the WDM.Hayee has described a sparse system that 8 passages are only arranged, and its power and distance only are suitable for low-power (1500km) submarine system.Different with the present invention, the pre-compensating and the post-equalization of the chromatic dispersion of being set by Hayee are to determine respectively, are not to determine in the coordinate mode that is suitable for system.
Brief summary of the invention
According to the present invention, provide a kind of long method and system that is used for compensating apart from wide bandwidth dense wave division multiplexer (wdm system) chromatic dispersion.According to the long system that utilizes DFB (distributed Feedback) laser apart from wide bandwidth DWDM of typical case of the present invention, comprise 32 passages on ITU (International Telecommunications Union) gauze.Carry out multiplexing with 10GBit/s to laser and modulation with the specified zero modulator of warbling.Signal is sent to the system of 5 90km spans of optical fiber (as the optical fiber of selling with the registered trade mark LEAF of Corning Incorporated) of big effective aperture.Optical amplifier provides signal gain at the input of each span.The commercial unit of dispersion compensation module can be provided.Dispersion compensation module is applied to reflector and receiver two ends.Suitably select distribution, make the dwdm system optimization by simulation total dispersion compensation definite and checking by experiment.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of long improving one's methods and system that be used for compensating apart from (DWDM) chromatic dispersion of wide bandwidth dense wave division multiplexer and nonlinear loss.
Another object of the present invention provide a kind of be used for compensating longly wherein all utilize dispersion compensation at receiver and reflector two ends apart from the improving one's methods and system of wide bandwidth DWDM chromatic dispersion, make the whole optimization of DWDM further.
The accompanying drawing summary
When considering, by obtaining complete understanding of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein in conjunction with following detailed description:
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram according to typical optical fiber of the present invention system.
Fig. 2 illustrates the diagrammatic view of the spectrum that is obtained by fibre system shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 illustrates the Q of fibre system shown in Figure 1 and the curve chart of wavelength.
Fig. 4 illustrates the same channels for fibre system shown in Figure 1, compares the curve chart of Q and number of active lanes with FWM spectrum.
Fig. 5 a illustrates the Q of complete package system (square) and the curve chart of wavelength, and Transmission Fibers has been attenuated that device substitutes and the Q (circle) that records.
Fig. 5 b illustrates the loss (dB) of optical fiber and the graph of relation of wavelength (nm).
The detailed description of preferred embodiment
Usually say that feature of the present invention is to have realized optimized long distance, wide bandwidth DWDM by the distribution that suitable selection total dispersion compensates.All adopt dispersion compensation at receiver and reflector two ends.Systematic function depends on the ratio that compensation is cut apart between reflector and the receiver.Even when the diffusion of the total accumulated chromatic dispersion between the passage of two ends in the broadband system surpasses 1100ps/nm, also can work system balance to hanging down under the BER, have permissible residual dispersion effect in inelastic region work.
With reference now to Fig. 1,, schematic diagram has illustrated according to a typical dwdm system of the present invention.This system is a longer range, for being deployed in land the design.System uses the Distributed Feedback Laser that comprises 32 passages on the ITU gauze.
In previous simulation, the feature that is arranged on the optical amplifier on each span input has the outside gain of 25dB, 20dBm gross power output (19dBm is sent in the fiber span), 5dB average noise figure and the fluctuation of 1.2dB average gain.The commercial unit of dispersion compensation module provides as DCM-X, and X is the equivalent length (km) by the standard single-mode fiber chromatic dispersion of dispersion compensating block compensation here.The DCM module is applied in reflector and receiver two ends.Being ladder with DCM-10 (0160ps/nm), (340ps/nm) (986ps/nm) combination of the ratio of the compensating module on reflector and receiver is integrated and their effect is recorded to DCM-60 from DCM-20.Suitably select to make the dwdm system optimization by the distribution of simulating the total dispersion compensation of determining and verifying by experiment.
Table shown below provides performance comprehensive of the poorest passage of every kind of configuration structure of system.
Table
| Pre-compensating DCM | Post-equalization DCM | ????BER ????2 | For 4 | Select 16 | Passage 31 | ????33 |
| ????20 | ????30 | ????＜1E-13 | ????＜1E-13 | ????3.E-11 | ??5.E-10 | ??4.E-10 |
| ????20 | ????40 | ????9.E-13 | ?????9.E-12 | ????＜1E-13 | ??2.E-12 | ??1.E-12 |
| ????30 | ????20 | ????＜1E-13 | ????＜1E-13 | ????＜1E-13 | ??＜1E-13 | ??＜1E-13 |
| ????30 | ????30 | ????＜1E-13 | ????＜1E-13 | ????＜1E-13 | ??＜1E-13 | ??＜1E-13 |
Notice that one has identical total compensation with triplex row, for two and four lines be so equally, and systematic function significantly differently depends on the ratio of pre-compensating and post-equalization value.
In one experiment of back, laser and fiber coupler are multiplexing and by Li:NiO
3Zero warbles Mach-Ivan Lendl modulator with 2
31-1,10Gbit/s pseudorandom bit stream (PRBS) modulation.Laser and ITU-T nominal center frequency grid and 100GHz smallest passage are complementary at interval.The first passage wavelength is λ
1=1532.68nm (195.6THz), last channel wavelength is λ
32=1557.36nm (192.5THz).After the amplification, signal transmits on the 450k transmission line, and this transmission line is by the LEAF of 5 * 90km span
Optical amplifier constitutes in big effective aperture optical fiber and four lines.LEAF
The effective area of optical fiber is 72-78 μ m
2, this is than typical N Z-DSF about 50%.Optical fiber λ
0Change between 1506nm and 1514nm, chromatic dispersion gradient is ≈ 0.1ps/nm
2/ km.Adopting variable light attenuator (VOA), is+19dBm that this is corresponding to the average power of pact+4dBm/ passage with total transmission power adjustment in each span.
In order to simulate the required active loss border of real system, before each amplifier, increase optical attenuator, make span loss be increased to 24dB.The tunable narrow-band fiber grating filter that has the FWHM of 0.3nm on optical pre-amplifier is selected passage to be measured.Use variable light attenuator to keep the power substantial constant to enter the O-E transducer.
Fig. 2 is illustrated in input spectrum before the VOA and the output spectrum before optical amplifier.Adopt identical preposition and post-equalization amount for all passages.At system's output, total accumulated chromatic dispersion of first passage is-454.78ps/nm that passage is+893.81ps/nm at last.
By measuring the functional relation sign transmission performance of bit error rate as the decision threshold of each passage.System Q utilizes whole system (optical fiber+amplifier) estimation, and the attenuator that fiber span is had equivalent loss substitutes.The results are shown among Fig. 3 of the measurement of whole system.The average Q of whole system is about 8.9dB optics (BER=4.5 * 10
-15), have little deviation on the whole bandwidth.Shown in Fig. 5 a, minimum Q is corresponding to passage 27 (Q=8.6dB, BER=2.2 * 10
-13).Compare with the result with optical fiber (amplifier+attenuator) not, these results show that average optical fiber causes loss 0.9dB, and the maximum 1.3dB of the loss of passage 12 is shown in Fig. 5 b.
Yet near the passage the 1550nm does not show this correlation, may be subjected to the influence of nonlinear interaction.Be reduced to+17.5dBm by the gross power that will be transmitted in all fiber spans, keep OSNR constant simultaneously, can be observed among the optics Q 0.1 to 0.5dB improvement.This improves experimental demonstration, and optical fiber is restricted to little value effectively with non-linear infringement.
Four ripples mix the main nonlinear loss in (FWM), quadrature phase modulation (XPM) and the normally intensive wdm system of self phase modulated (SPM).For the effect of quantificational expression FWM loss, on wave band, close each passage one by one, measure the FWM that produces by adjacency channel is long-pending.As shown in Figure 4.The strongest FWM is long-pending to be lower than more than 30 dB place measurement of signal power level, this too low so that to system without any obvious influence.Because incoherent this practical work between FWM cross-talk and the Q measured value can be reached a conclusion, loss comes from the linear dispersion of XPM and SPM and the combination of non-linear chromatic dispersion.
Record the Q factor greater than 8.6dB (BER ≈ 2.2 * 10 with what this system can realize all passages
-13), maximum fiber causes loss 1.3dB.Can make 32 channel system optimizations with single dispersion compensation module design, signal in band does not separate, and the deviation of the system loss relevant with chromatic dispersion on the channel plane can be ignored.
Intensive WDM can greatly increase transmittability with the cost of managing the loss that is caused by the optical nonlinearity degree.When the bit rate that uses more than or equal to the 10Gbit/s/ passage, use the system of on-dispersive drift optical fiber using dispersion compensation on the span basis one by one.
The use of non-zero dispersion drift optical fiber (NZ-DSF) has reduced the needs to dispersion compensation.By making the optical fiber dispersion optimization, on 360km, can realize uncompensated WDM transmission with 10Gb/s.Usually use dispersion management for longer distance.
In setting up separation dispersion compensation module ratio Study on Technology, utilize blue (1530nm-1540nm) and red (1548nm-1562nm) band transmission to test.For indigo plant (1530nm-1540nm) and red (1540nm-1560) two wavelength zones of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) gain band, under 10Gbit/s, observed error free transmission; Only need preposition and rearmounted dispersion compensation.Red wave band experiment utilizes 8 even spaced apart (200GHz) passages from 1549.3nm to 1560.6nm scope, and 4 passages from 1531.9nm to the 1536.6nm scope are used in the blue wave band experiment, have the 200GHz channel spacing.Laser and fiber coupler are combined and by Mach-Ivan Lendl Li:NiO
3Modulator is with 2
31-1,10Gbit/s pseudorandom bit stream modulation.
After the amplification, signal transmits on the 450km transmission line, and this transmission line is by the 90kmLEAF of 5 spans
Optical amplifier constitutes in optical fiber and 4 lines.The gross output of each amplifier is adjusted to 16dBm for red wave band experiment, and experiment is adjusted to 13dBm for blue wave band, and this is corresponding to the average power of 7dBm/ passage.
For an aging aspect of simulated field deployment system, before each amplifier, make span loss be increased to 24dB by increasing optical attenuator.At the FWHM of optical pre-amplifier place is the etalon filter selection passage to be measured of 0.3nm.
Use a small amount of dispersion compensation for two experiments.For red wave band, the first chromatic dispersion unit that at 1550nm place total dispersion is 688ps/nm is placed on modulator after, the second chromatic dispersion unit is placed on after the optical pre-amplifier.For the blue wave band experiment, need seldom dispersion compensation.The unit of 344ps/nm is placed on after the preamplifier.In two experiments, the every channel power that is coupled in the dispersion compensator keeps below 0dBm, to avoid nonlinear effect.
For red wave band experiment, need optics to emphasize in advance, with the reception optical s/n ratio of equilibrium transmission end.In red and blue two experiments, do not observe four ripples and mix (FWM).
The negative loss that passage 1 is found be illustrated in self/optimum balance between quadrature modulation and the chromatic dispersion.The loss of other passage is that the undercompensation by chromatic dispersion causes.
When the span infringement is adjusted to 24dB, in red and blue two experiments, all observe error free transmission for all passages.For redness, this received power corresponding to passage 1 is-21.9dBm that the received power of passage 8 is 15.1dBm.In other words, need bigger power (14 to 19dBm) to obtain 10
-9Bit error rate (BER).For blueness, sensitivity-34.5dBm and-change between the 34.0dBm.This is equivalent to power loss 0.5 to 1.0dB.
Observe FWM spectrum product from negligible I, obviously big effective aperture optical fiber suppresses the FWM in the intensive wdm system effectively.In addition, because its big effective area and little chromatic dispersion, this optical fiber allows utilizing dispersion compensation that self and quadrature phase modulation loss are minimized on the terminal.This has eliminated in the cable or on each amplifier needs dispersion management.
Because for the professional and technical personnel of this area, for the match specific operation requires and environment is done other improvement and variation are conspicuous, the present invention does not think and is confined to the selected example of open purpose, does not constitute all changes and the improvement that departs from spirit and scope of the invention but cover.Particularly, the invention belongs to and can be applicable to the wdm system of work in L-band (1568-1615nm) and S-band (1475-1505nm).
Here described the present invention, it is required for protection to have provided present patent application in appending claims next.
Claims (24)
1. the optical communication system of a dispersion compensation is characterized in that described system comprises:
Multi-channel laser device system;
At a plurality of span optical fiber that input is operably connected with described Optical Maser System, be used for from its received signal and have an output, each in described a plurality of span optical fiber has the emitter terminals and the receiver end of serial connection;
A plurality of optical amplifiers, each optical amplifier are arranged in the described span optical fiber on one the input:
Put on the preposition transmission dispersion compensator of the described input of described a plurality of span optical fiber;
Put on the postposition transmission dispersion compensator of the described output of described a plurality of span optical fiber;
Select in advance to transmit the dispersion compensation ratio that dispersion compensator provides, thereby the dispersion compensation of predetermined distribution is provided in system by described preposition transmission dispersion compensator and described postposition.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described system comprises dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) system with long distance, wide bandwidth DWDM.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described laser is modulated.
4. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described system works under about modulation rate of 2.5 to about 40GBit/s.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Optical Maser System comprises at least 16 passages.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: preposition transmission is 60/40% ± 10% of a total dispersion offset with the ratio of rearmounted transmission dispersion compensation.
7. the dense wave division multipurpose of an optimized dispersion compensation (DWDM) system is characterized in that described system comprises:
Multi-channel laser device system;
Be operably connected with described laser be used for multiplexing and the modulation described laser device;
What be operably connected with described laser is used for a plurality of span optical fiber from its received signal, and described a plurality of span optical fiber respectively have emitter terminals and receiver end;
Be arranged on the optical amplifier on the input of each span of described optical fiber;
Put on the described emitter terminals of each described fiber span and the dispersion compensation module of receiver end; And
Being used to of being associated with described dispersion compensation module the distribute choice device of dispersion compensation, make described dwdm system optimization thus.
8. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 7 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: described system comprises long distance, wide bandwidth DWDM.
9. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 7 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described laser is modulated.
10. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 7 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described system works under about modulation rate of 2.5 to about 40GBit/s.
11. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 7 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described Optical Maser System comprises at least 16 passages.
12. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 7 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described choice device comprises simulation softward.
13. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 7 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: the optimum dispersion compensation segregation ratio that comprises preposition chromatic dispersion and rearmounted chromatic dispersion is 60/40% ± 10% of a total dispersion offset.
14. the dense wave division multipurpose of an optimized dispersion compensation (DWDM) system is characterized in that described system comprises:
Optical Maser System with at least one passage;
Be operably connected with each laser be used for multiplexing and the modulation each laser device;
What be operably connected with each laser is used for a plurality of span optical fiber from its received signal, and described a plurality of span optical fiber respectively have emitter terminals and receiver end;
Be arranged on the optical amplifier on the input of each span of described optical fiber;
Put on the described emitter terminals of each described fibre system and the dispersion compensation module of receiver end; And
Being used to of being associated with described dispersion compensation module the distribute choice device of dispersion compensation, make described dwdm system optimization thus.
15. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 14 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: described system comprises long distance, wide bandwidth DWDM.
16. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 14 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described laser is modulated.
17. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 14 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: described system is working under about 2.5 to about 40GBit/s selected modulation rates.
18. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 14 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described Optical Maser System comprises at least 16 passages.
19. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 14 (DWDM) system, it is characterized in that: described choice device comprises simulation softward.
20. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 14 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: the optimum dispersion compensation segregation ratio that comprises preposition chromatic dispersion and rearmounted chromatic dispersion is 60/40% ± 10% of a total dispersion offset.
21. the dense wave division multipurpose of an optimized dispersion compensation (DWDM) system is characterized in that described system comprises:
Be arranged on the multi-channel laser device system on the grid;
The device of being convenient to and modulation multiplexing that is operably connected with each laser to it;
What be operably connected with each laser is used for a plurality of span optical fiber from its received signal, and described a plurality of span optical fiber respectively have emitter terminals and receiver end;
Be arranged on the optical amplifier on each the input of described a plurality of span optical fiber;
Put on the described emitter terminals of each described optical fiber and the dispersion compensation module of receiver end.
22. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 21 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: described system comprises long distance, wide bandwidth DWDM.
23. the dense wave division multipurpose of optimized dispersion compensation as claimed in claim 21 (DWDM) system is characterized in that: described system is working under about 2.5 to about 40GBit/s selected modulation rates.
24. the dense wave division multipurpose of an optimized dispersion compensation (DWDM) system is characterized in that described system comprises:
The grid system that comprises multi-channel laser device system;
The device of being convenient to and modulation multiplexing that is operably connected with each laser to it;
What be operably connected with each laser is used for a plurality of span optical fiber from its received signal, and described a plurality of span optical fiber respectively have emitter terminals and receiver end;
Optical amplifier on each the input of described a plurality of span optical fiber is set;
Put on the described emitter terminals of each span optical fiber and the dispersion compensation module of receiver end.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10124198P | 1998-09-21 | 1998-09-21 | |
| US60/101,241 | 1998-09-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1323475A true CN1323475A (en) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=22283663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99811195 Pending CN1323475A (en) | 1998-09-21 | 1999-09-21 | Pre-and post-compensation techniques for wavelength division multiplexing system |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1142178A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002525967A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1323475A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6158899A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2344543A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000018047A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101989879A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-03-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic dispersion compensation method, device and system in burst mode |
| CN101179338B (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2012-02-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Large dispersion compensating method of optical transmission system |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1326339C (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2007-07-11 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Dispersion map for slope compensating fibers |
| US7606487B1 (en) | 2001-10-09 | 2009-10-20 | Nortel Networks Limited | Distortion measurement in optical communication systems |
| US7379670B2 (en) | 2002-03-21 | 2008-05-27 | Tyco Telecommunications (Us) Inc. | Method and apparatus for chromatic dispersion compensation |
| JP3934513B2 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2007-06-20 | 富士通株式会社 | Pre-emphasis control method considering nonlinear degradation |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3269713B2 (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 2002-04-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Optical transmission system |
| JP3846918B2 (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 2006-11-15 | 富士通株式会社 | Optical transmission system, optical multiplex transmission system and related technologies |
| JP3606628B2 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 2005-01-05 | 富士通株式会社 | Optical transmission system using SMF transmission line |
| JP3522044B2 (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 2004-04-26 | 富士通株式会社 | Optical transmission system |
-
1999
- 1999-09-21 CA CA002344543A patent/CA2344543A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-21 WO PCT/US1999/022009 patent/WO2000018047A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-21 AU AU61588/99A patent/AU6158899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-21 CN CN 99811195 patent/CN1323475A/en active Pending
- 1999-09-21 JP JP2000571593A patent/JP2002525967A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-09-21 EP EP99948398A patent/EP1142178A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101179338B (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2012-02-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Large dispersion compensating method of optical transmission system |
| CN101989879A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-03-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic dispersion compensation method, device and system in burst mode |
| CN101989879B (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2013-09-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic dispersion compensation method, device and system in burst mode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6158899A (en) | 2000-04-10 |
| WO2000018047A3 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
| CA2344543A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
| JP2002525967A (en) | 2002-08-13 |
| EP1142178A2 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
| WO2000018047A2 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
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