CN1323118C - Fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on polymer/clay intercalation modifying technology and production thereof - Google Patents
Fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on polymer/clay intercalation modifying technology and production thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1323118C CN1323118C CNB2005100856944A CN200510085694A CN1323118C CN 1323118 C CN1323118 C CN 1323118C CN B2005100856944 A CNB2005100856944 A CN B2005100856944A CN 200510085694 A CN200510085694 A CN 200510085694A CN 1323118 C CN1323118 C CN 1323118C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses fireproof paint modifier for tunnels based on a polymer/clay intercalation modifying technique and a preparation method thereof, which relates to functional modifier suitable for fireproof paint for tunnels. The fireproof paint modifier is composed of polymer, modified clay and additive, wherein the polymer is bromo-bisphenol A epoxy resin or an amino resin solution, and the modified clay is insert modified roseite, or concave-convex rod clay or montmorillonite; the additive is expandable graphite, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide and nanometer TiO2. A polymer intercalation modifying technique is used for destroying the clay structure, so that the clay is stripped into basic units and uniformly dispersed in the basal body of the polymer to prepare the surface modifier which is formed from the polymer / the clay compounded in nanometer size. The fireproof paint modifier has the advantages of favorable hydrophobicity, favorable isolating performance, favorable thermal stability, high strength and high tenacity. The fireproof paint modifier used as the silane coupling agent and the surface modifier of fireproof paint for tunnels can effectively prevent steam and acidic smoke gas from eroding a fireproof coating and can improve water resistance and corrosion resistance and slow up the burst and the desquamation of the coating at high temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of functional modifier that is applicable to fire-proof coating for tunnels, especially a kind of polyalcohol/clay soil compound modifier on nanoscale that makes through intercalation modifying technology.
Background technology
Because tunnel environment is airtight relatively, in case presence of fire, the evacuating personnel difficulty, the accident that easily creates greater casualties, therefore strengthening tunnel fire proofing just seems very important.The tunnel masonry is made up of the material of non-refractories such as Steel Concrete, there are some researches show, can produce the explosion phenomenon after concrete structural surface is heated when high temperature.And concrete water ratio (comprising physical bond water and molecule combination water) is high more, and the possibility that produces explosion is big more,, meets under the high temperature action and will produce explosion in 5-30 minute when its quality water ratio surpasses 3% without the concrete of protecting; Cause reinforcing bar directly to expose in flame after the explosion, the mechanical property of reinforcing bar reduces rapidly with the rising of temperature, causes the tunnel to stride at last and collapses.It is generally acknowledged that the frie retardant coating in that the spraying of tunnel masonry surface has good heat-proof quality can stop concrete explosion under the high temperature, delays reinforced concrete member intensity and descends rapidly, prevents that the tunnel inwall from caving in, and is one of optimal selection of tunnel fire proofing.
About the existing many reports of fire-proof coating for tunnels, Dai Lizong etc. [(P) CN1544556] disclose a kind of by mineral binder bond, polymer emulsion, aggregate, fortifying fibre, the fire-proof coating for tunnels that fire retardant is formed, adopt polymer emulsion that inorganic adhesive is carried out modification, combine the advantage of organic polymer and inorganic materials, simultaneously adding resistant to elevated temperatures aluminum silicate fiber again strengthens, improve the adhesiveproperties of fire protection coating and tunnel Steel Concrete inwall, improved anti-, flexural strength of fire protection coating.Qin Wenqing [fire science and technology, 2002 (3): 54-55] having introduced with phosphoric acid salt is base-material, the expansion of at high temperature absorbing heat, heat absorption dehydration and porous adiabatic inorganics are aggregate, are strongthener with the aluminum silicate fiber, are aided with suitable chemical assistant, it is light to make unit weight, the coating heat absorption, thermal conductivity is little, the fire-proof coating for tunnels that heat-proof quality is good.Matsuo[(P) JP 10310477] a kind of the have good heat insulating ability and the frie retardant coating of anti-burst disclosed, this coating mainly is made up of sepiolite, rankinite, fortifying fibre, high-alumina cement, unformed silica, can be applicable to aspects such as tunnel, steel construction.What old and well-known family [coatings industry, 2002,9:11-13] has introduced a kind of nontoxic fire-proof coating for tunnels of humidity environment, and this fire-proof coating for tunnels adopts resistant to elevated temperatures non-water-soluble mineral colloid as base-material, does not contain Toxic matter in the starting material, meets environmental protection requirement.
There is following problem in fire-proof coating for tunnels at present: (1) cohesive strength is lower.When vehicle passes through in the tunnel, can produce high wind and vibrations, cause coating shedding sometimes; (2) water tolerance is relatively poor.Contain more light porous inorganic pit wood material in the fire-proof coating for tunnels component, main caking agent is an inorganic silicate, and very easily suction is made moist coating; (3) coatingsurface is subject to the corrosion of acid tail gas that automobile discharges.Therefore, will have of silane coupling agent and the finishing of the modifier of property, and can stop fire protection coating suction to be made moist, and improve performances such as the acid resistance of coating and environmental aging as fire-proof coating for tunnels.
In recent years, nanotechnology has obtained application more and more widely in coating.The optical property, mechanical property etc. of coating are improved greatly, also may give coating new function simultaneously, thereby improve the market competitiveness of coating products.[modern coating and application such as Wang Tiebao, 2004,5:8-11] think and adopt nanotechnology can make nano-interface coating, it is coated with membrane interface is the collaborative interface of super amphiphilic binary (not only hydrophobic but also keep away oil), this coating is modified in building material surface, any oil, water, dust etc. all can not retain in the surface, can keep buildings spotless for a long time.Wang's one Buddhist [building material technique and application, 2001,4:9-12] is mentioned nanotechnology is applied to the building materials polymer, can improve the high molecular flame retardant resistance of building materials, thermotolerance, ageing resistance, barrier property etc.Dai Lizong etc. [[P] CN 1544552] utilize uninflammability composition polymer base-material, composite nano materials, the nano paint of compositions such as nano-material surface properties-correcting agent carries out modification to frie retardant coating, has obtained Physical Mechanical, and erosion resistance, water tolerance be fire-proof coating for tunnels preferably.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to make composite modified dose of a kind of polyalcohol/clay soil by intercalation modifying technology, and it has excellent hydrophobic property, barrier, thermostability, high strength and high tenacity.With of silane coupling agent and the finishing of this modifier as fire-proof coating for tunnels, can effectively stop the erosion of steam and acidic flue gas to fire protection coating, improve the water tolerance and the erosion resistance of fire protection coating, slow down coating explosion at high temperature, come off.
The said fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on the polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying technology of the present invention is made up of polymkeric substance, modified clay, additive.Said polymkeric substance is bromo bisphenol A type epoxy resin (E-44) or aminoresin solution (solid content 50%); A kind of in the vermiculite, attapulgite clay, polynite that are inserted into modification through organic intercalation agent of said modified clay; Said additive is expansible black lead, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, nano-TiO
2Said organic intercalation agent is a kind of in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, the two ten alkyl-dimethyl ammonium chlorides; If used solidifying agent was the trivinyl tetramine when polymkeric substance was bromo bisphenol A type epoxy resin (E-44).
It is as follows that each components in mass portion of modifier is counted proportioning:
70～80 parts in polymkeric substance, 1～6 part of modified clay, 27 parts of additives, expansible black lead, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, nano-TiO in the additive
2Ratio of quality and the number of copies be 3: 11: 9: 4, if polymkeric substance is bromo bisphenol A type epoxy resin (E-44), the solidifying agent add-on is 0.5～1 part.
The preparation method of the said fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on the polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying technology of the present invention is as follows:
1) modified clay be inserted into modification:
(1) clay, deionized water are joined in reactor by mass ratio at 1: 50 disperses;
(2) reactor is risen to 30～60 ℃, 1/3～2/3 the organic intercalation agent that adds the clay quality stirs the discharging of 2～8h postcooling;
(3) with the product centrifugation, and be ethanol-deionized water repetitive scrubbing of 1: 1, till precipitation does not appear in the silver nitrate solution check centrifuge mother liquor with 0.1mol/L with mol ratio;
(4) with the product of washes clean at 90 ℃ of vacuum-drying 24h, obtain modified clay, standby;
2) get above-mentioned modified clay water mill 2～4h in ball grinder, static precipitating, filtration, oven dry, grinding, screening;
3) modified clay, the polymkeric substance of getting 250 mesh sieves joins in the reactor by the mass fraction proportioning, after being warmed up to 30～70 ℃, insulated and stirred 0.5～5h is cooled to the room temperature discharging, the thick product of gained is polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound, sampling inspection;
4) get above-mentioned polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound and additive and join in the reactor, stirring at normal temperature 0.5～1h, products obtained therefrom discharging packing by the mass fraction proportioning.Products obtained therefrom is the fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on the polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying technology.
Can utilize the method for X-ray diffraction to check composite modified dose of institute's synthetic polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying whether to realize compound on the nanoscale.Inspection principle: its bigger volume energy is peeled off into thick about 1nm with clay layer after polymer molecular chain enters between clay layer, length and width respectively is about the elementary cell of 100nm, caly structure is destroyed, and its original characteristic diffraction peak between 1～10 ° will disappear.
During concrete construction, adopt spraying or manual smearing, repeatedly, layering spreads upon the tunnel concrete inwall with modifier, after the drying, the spraying fire-proof coating for tunnels is to design thickness, treat that fire protection coating parches after, again at its surface spraying modifier.
The present invention adopts " polyalcohol intercalation modification technology ", soon polymer melt or solution insert under power chemistry and thermodynamic (al) effect and have between the lamella of laminate structure organo-clay, destroy the structure of clay, make it peel off into thick 1nm, length and width respectively is the elementary cell about 100nm, and it is dispersed in the polymeric matrix, make polyalcohol/clay soil compound coating materials on nanoscale.Its advantage is as follows:
(1) nanoclay that is dispersed in the polymkeric substance is the layered planes orientation, increased the tortuous degree that water molecules enters diffusion path in the material, be that the route that water molecules passes through prolongs, can effectively hinder water molecules flowing in the diffuse passage, thereby acquisition good barrier performance, stop the intrusion of the outside steam of coating, therefore barrier and the water tolerance that modifier can be significantly improved coating as the silane coupling agent or the coating materials of fire-proof coating for tunnels.
(2) form quite smooth one deck (clay gall that also has dispersed texture simultaneously) because clay layer is arranged again in polymkeric substance, this special structure can strengthen charcoal layer structure, and makes it to become good insulation performance body and mass transfer barrier; Interbedded clay is again the two-dimentional limited system of a kind of standard, polymer molecule is bound in the interlayer, molecular chain and segmental motion all are subjected to great retardance, active centre on the main polymer chain becomes inertia because of being inserted in to be decomposed between clay seam, the speed of therefore can reduce the escaped quantity of the formed volatile products of polymkeric substance pyrolytic decomposition and effusion speed greatly, having slowed down fire spread is for personnel's finance are evacuated and fire-fighting fire extinguishing gains time.
(3) clay of modifier laminate structure plays physical crosslinking point in polymeric matrix, has promoted the mechanical property of matrix.In addition, the nano-TiO in the modifier
2Or a kind of good photocatalyst, it have purify air, specific function such as sterilization, deodorizing, clean surfaces, under light-catalysed effect, react with water and oxygen again, generation has very strong oxidation, the hydroxyl radical free radical of capacity of decomposition, and harmful dusty gass such as oxynitride in the vehicle exhaust in the tunnel and sulfurous gas are had certain decomposition removal effect.
When (4) this modifier was as the fire-proof coating for tunnels silane coupling agent, its high obstructing performance effectively stoped massif to seep water to fire protection coating, avoided the performance of fire protection coating to reduce.
When (5) this modifier is as the fire-proof coating for tunnels silane coupling agent, owing to contain inorganic components such as clay, compare with the pure polymers silane coupling agent, the cementability of it and tunnel internal-wall concrete and fire protection coating is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffractogram of modified clay and polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound.Wherein: curve 1 is the X-ray diffractogram of polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound; Curve 2 is the X-ray diffractogram of modified clay.X-coordinate be 2 θ/°.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of modified clay:
1) polynite 1Kg, deionized water 50Kg are sequentially added in the reactor high-speed stirring 5min;
2) after being risen to 50 ℃, reactor adds 0.5Kg organic intercalation agent cetyl trimethylammonium bromide high degree of agitation 15min, stirring at low speed 4h again, cooling discharging;
3) with the product centrifugation, and be ethanol-deionized water repetitive scrubbing of 1: 1, till precipitation does not appear in the silver nitrate solution check centrifuge mother liquor with 0.1mol/L with mol ratio;
4) with the product of washes clean at 90 ℃ of vacuum-drying 24h, products obtained therefrom is modified clay, packages spare.
The preparation of polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying modifier (designing for 50Kg) with the raw material summation:
1) gets modified clay water mill 3h in ball grinder that 1.5Kg is made by aforesaid method, static precipitating, oven dry, grinding, screening;
2) will cross the modified clay 1.5Kg of 250 mesh sieves, aminoresin solution 37Kg is sequentially added in the reactor, is warming up to 35 ℃, discharging sampling observation behind insulated and stirred 0.5～2h.
3) with magnesium hydroxide 5.5Kg, aluminium hydroxide 4.5Kg, nano-TiO
22.0Kg expansible black lead 1.5Kg and the said products add in the reactor, discharging behind the stirring at normal temperature 1h, packing warehouse-in.
Utilize the method for X-ray diffraction to check composite modified dose of institute's synthetic polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying whether to realize compound on the nanoscale.See Fig. 1, curve 1 is the X-ray diffractogram of polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound; Curve 2 is the X-ray diffractogram of modified clay.Its bigger volume energy is peeled off into thick about 1nm with clay layer after polymer molecular chain enters between clay layer, and length and width respectively is about the elementary cell of 100nm, and caly structure is destroyed, and its original characteristic diffraction peak between 1～10 ° disappears.
During concrete construction, adopt spraying or manual smearing, repeatedly, layering spreads upon the tunnel concrete inwall with modifier, after the drying, the spraying fire-proof coating for tunnels is to design thickness, treat that fire protection coating parches after, again at its surface spraying modifier.
Fire prevention, water resistance detect:
4 of stalloys 1cm is wide, that 4cm is long stick into a square, are placed on the steel plate and make mould; Fire-proof coating for tunnels is filled in the mould, and the seasoning maintenance is 28 days under the room temperature; This modifier is coated in the fire-proof coating for tunnels surface of maintenance after good, behind the to be finished dose of complete drying, the fire protection coating that scribbles modifier as the counter-fire face, is placed the alcohol blast burner top, recording the steel plate back temperature, to reach 230 ℃ of required times be 20min.
4 of stalloys 1cm is wide, that 4cm is long stick into a square, and fire-proof coating for tunnels is filled in the square, tamp, and maintenance is 28 days under the room temperature, die sinking; This modifier is coated in fire-proof coating for tunnels surface after the maintenance, and behind the to be finished dose of complete drying, the fire protection coating density of gained is 0.495g/cm
3, the fire protection coating that scribbles modifier soaks 48h in water, and coating is not sunk.
The consumption of modified clay and aminoresin solution in the change prescription, the consumption of additive is constant, and this modifier is coated on the fire-proof coating for tunnels surface, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Modified clay Kg | Aminoresin Kg | The steel plate back temperature arrives 230 ℃ of required time min | Water tolerance | The density g/cm of fire protection coating 3 |
| ?2 | ?2.3 | ?40 | ?24 | Soak 48h in water, coating is not sunk | ?0.496 |
| ?3 | ?3.6 | ?39 | ?22 | The same | ?0.495 |
| ?4 | ?4..9 | ?36 | ?22 | The same | ?0.494 |
| ?5 | ?6.0 | ?35 | ?20 | The same | ?0.494 |
Embodiment 6:
The preparation of modified clay:
1) vermiculite 3Kg, deionized water 150Kg are sequentially added in the reactor high-speed stirring 5min;
2) after being risen to 60 ℃, reactor adds 1.5Kg organic intercalation agent octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride high degree of agitation 15min, stirring at low speed 5h again, cooling discharging;
3) with the product centrifugation, and be ethanol-deionized water repetitive scrubbing of 1: 1, till precipitation does not appear in the silver nitrate solution check centrifuge mother liquor with 0.1mol/L with mol ratio;
4) with 90 ℃ of vacuum-drying 24h of product of washes clean.Products obtained therefrom is modified clay, and it is standby to bottle.
The preparation of polyalcohol/clay soil coating materials:
1) get modified clay water mill 3h in ball grinder that the 2Kg aforesaid method makes, static precipitating, oven dry is ground, screening;
2) will cross the modified clay 2Kg of 250 mesh sieves, bromo bisphenol A type epoxy resin (E-44) 140Kg is sequentially added in the reactor, is warming up to 65 ℃, discharging sampling observation behind insulated and stirred 0.5～2h;
3) with magnesium hydroxide 22Kg, aluminium hydroxide 18Kg, expansible black lead 6Kg, nano-TiO
28Kg and the said products join in the reactor, discharging behind the stirring at normal temperature 1h, packing warehouse-in.
During concrete the construction, join in the modifier after 9.8Kg trivinyl tetramine, 30Kg ethyl acetate, 20Kg butanone be made into mixed solution, stir 5min, adopt spraying or hand to smear construction, repeatedly layering spreads upon the surface of tunnel concrete, coat fire-proof coating for tunnels after to be dried, and this modifier is coated on the fire-proof coating for tunnels surface.
Embodiment 7, change the vermiculite among the embodiment 6 into attapulgite clay, and organic intercalation agent changes two ten alkyl-dimethyl ammonium chlorides into, and consumption is all constant, and all the other are coated on the fire-proof coating for tunnels surface all with embodiment 6 with this modifier.
Claims (3)
1, based on the fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel of polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying technology, it is characterized in that forming by polymkeric substance, modified clay, additive, said polymkeric substance is selected from bromo bisphenol A type epoxy resin or aminoresin solution; Said modified clay is selected from the vermiculite that contains organic intercalation agent, attapulgite clay or polynite; Said additive is selected from expansible black lead, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide and nano-TiO
2It is as follows that each components in mass portion of modifier is counted proportioning:
70～80 parts in polymkeric substance, 1～6 part of modified clay, 27 parts of additives, expansible black lead, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, nano-TiO in the additive
2Ratio of quality and the number of copies be 3: 11: 9: 4;
Described organic intercalation agent is selected from cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or two ten alkyl-dimethyl ammonium chlorides.
2, the fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on the polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that aminoresin solution solid content 50%.
3, the preparation method of the fire-proof paint modifier of tunnel based on the polyalcohol/clay soil intercalation modifying technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its step is as follows:
1) intercalation modifying of modified clay:
(1) clay, deionized water are joined in reactor by mass ratio at 1: 50 disperses;
(2) reactor is risen to 30～60 ℃, 1/3～2/3 the organic intercalation agent that adds the clay quality stirs the discharging of 2～8h postcooling;
(3) with the product centrifugation, and be ethanol-deionized water repetitive scrubbing of 1: 1, till precipitation does not appear in the silver nitrate solution check centrifuge mother liquor with 0.1mol/L with mol ratio;
(4) with the product vacuum-drying of washes clean, obtain modified clay, standby;
2) get modified clay water mill 2～4h, static precipitating, filtration, oven dry, grinding, screening;
3) modified clay, the polymkeric substance of getting 250 mesh sieves joins in the reactor by the mass fraction proportioning, be warmed up to 30～70 ℃ after, insulated and stirred 0.5～5h is cooled to the room temperature discharging, the thick product of gained is polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound; 4) get above-mentioned polymkeric substance/modified clay intercalated compound and additive and join in the reactor, stirring at normal temperature 0.5～1h, products obtained therefrom discharging packing by the mass fraction proportioning.
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