Process for preparing iron oxide red by using sulfuric acid crystal seed mixed acid method
Technical field
The present invention relates to inorganic chemical industry pigment prepared field, specifically is the method that the sulfuric acid crystal seed mixed acid legal system is equipped with red iron oxide.
Background technology
Red iron oxide is an ancient pigment, just brings into use iron pigment in drawing about 20,000 years prehumans.What the mankind brought into use all is the natural iron oxide mineral, uses as pigment after crushed.Because industrial expansion needs, more pure in order to prepare, the product that performance is more superior began to develop the synthetic iron oxide pigment greatly again about the 1950's, replaced natural product now gradually afterwards.In recent years, sintetics has accounted for more than 80% of pigment ultimate production.
The operational path of producing ferric oxide red colorant generally can be divided into dry method and wet method two big technologies.Dry method comprises the calcination and the pulverizing of iron ore, the direct calcination of ferrous sulfate etc.Because it is lower that the red iron oxide product application of dry production is worth, produce in the production process and pollute, can produce a large amount of sulfur dioxide pollutions as the calcination ferrous sulfate, so it uses restriction to some extent.
The wet production iron oxide red will at first be that crystal seed is manufactured through two steps generally, is second oxidation then.The prepared crystal seed of the first step has possessed a microlitic structure, but its size of particles can't make it have pigment performance, and crystal is further grown up, and makes its size of particles reach the pigment performance of desired acquisition.The preparation of crystal seed divides sulfuric acid crystal seed method and nitric acid crystal seed method, and the sulfuric acid crystal seed method is to react with excessive sodium hydroxide at low temperatures with ferrous sulfate, and feeds a large amount of air and carry out oxidation and make.The making method of sulphate process crystal seed is: at first in sulphate process crystal seed cylinder, add ferrous sulfate (or iron filings and sulfuric acid, its reaction is generated ferrous sulfate), add sodium hydroxide solution again, aeration generates the sulfuric acid process iron red crystal seed formation at normal temperatures.Nitric acid crystal seed rule is with bulk iron sheet and certain density nitric acid, under the temperature about 85 ℃ the reaction and make.From production cost, nitrate method crystal seed cost is higher, and in process of production, the oxides of nitrogen gas pollutant emission is arranged, but the control of nitrate method crystal seed does not have the control strictness of sulfuric acid process crystal seed, and the formed crystal seed of nitrate method generally is used for the second oxidation of Iron nitrate, so two kinds of crystal seed methods all have application.
No matter what method to be settled out iron red crystal seed formation, to use any ferrous salt to do medium and all can form iron oxide red by the second oxidation process with.The process of second oxidation is earlier the ferrous salt in the solution to be oxidized to ferric salt, ferric salt hydrolysis immediately under pH value 3-4 acidity then, its oxidation products one is the hydroxide high ferro, the 2nd, free acid, wherein the hydroxide high ferro is dehydrated into iron oxide red through steam heating, and the free acid that produces then generates ferrous sulfate or Iron nitrate with the iron plate reaction.Wherein existing and newborn ferrous sulfate or Iron nitrate can continue to form new iron oxide red by atmospheric oxidation, discharge again the free acid make new advances go in and iron plate or iron powder reaction, such circulating reaction goes on always, iron constantly consumes.Because the ferric oxide that is generated constantly is coated on the nucleus, the macroscopic result is exactly that form and aspect constantly develop to purple mutually by Huang is red, and particle changes from small to big until producing required size.
In second oxidation, add the sulfuric acid process that is of ferrous sulfate, add the nitrate method of Iron nitrate.Ferrous sulfate is the byproduct of titanium dioxide industry, thereby less expensive, and is convenient to the comprehensive utilization of industrial useless secondary resource, and the ferrous sulfate consumption is less.The public hazards that produce in process of production are less in addition, and waste residue is easy to cleaning less, and labor condition is good, only contains a small amount of vitriol in the waste water.
The used Iron nitrate of nitrate wet method iron oxide red makes by iron and dilute nitric acid reaction often, and finished product per ton will consume 500kg nitric acid, and the nitric acid consumption is big, so production cost is higher, should not carry out the comprehensive utilization of resource, the second oxidation process is than sulfate complex in addition, and labor condition is relatively poor.Waste residue, waste gas are more.But the product of nitrate wet method iron oxide red has strong covering power, and the crystalline form of ferric oxide particles is a rhombus, the oil number advantages of higher, thereby its application performance is higher than the product of vitriol wet method iron oxide red generally.
In order to save the application performance of nitric acid and improvement product, researcher of China and iron oxide red manufacturing enterprise have developed the mixed acid process production technique in the eighties in last century.The mixed acid process iron oxide red is the exclusive technology that China develops, and the red iron oxide that it is produced can have the cheap advantage of sulfuric acid process, has the applications well performance of the iron oxide red that nitrate method produces again, thereby is used widely in China.This method generally all is to adopt the nitrate method crystal seed, reduces production costs by adding ferrous sulfate then, adds Iron nitrate at last again, with the method for the application performance that improves product.So employing mixed acid process cost can be near sulfuric acid process, performance is near nitrate method.But the nitration mixture technology of China's exploitation at present is to adopt the nitric acid crystal seed method, and then adopts the second oxidation method that adds ferrous sulfate, adds the method for Iron nitrate with the surface property that improves ferric oxide particles at last again.In actual production process, the nitrate method crystal seed still consumes a large amount of nitric acid in process of production, production cost is improved, and can emit a large amount of obnoxious flavour oxynitride, causes serious air environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, provides that product performance are good, environmental protection and the low red iron oxide preparation method of production cost.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of sulfuric acid crystal seed mixed acid legal system is equipped with the method for red iron oxide, this method comprises the steps: that (1) sulfuric acid process prepares the red iron oxide crystal seed, (2) the red iron oxide crystal seed of water-washing step (1) preparation, (3) the red iron oxide crystal seed of second oxidation after step (2) washing, (4) the red iron oxide crystal seed with step (3) gained dewaters, washing, dry, it is characterized in that: described step (2) is mixed with 1: 1~3 volume ratio with water for the sulfuric acid process red iron oxide crystal seed that step (1) is made, add flocculation agent polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate then, its consumption adds by the red iron oxide crystal seed mixes the back volume with water 0.5~5mg/L, the red iron oxide crystal seed after the stirring adding flocculation and the mixture of water are to the sedimentation of red iron oxide crystal seed, add clear water after extracting top sulfur acid salt liquid level out, the restir sedimentation, repeat to add clear water behind the sulfur acid salt liquid level of described extraction top, the settled process of restir is to 75% the sulfate radical that removes at least that step (1) produces.
It is prior art that described step (1) sulfuric acid process is produced the red iron oxide crystal seed, preferred version of the present invention is: with concentration is that the iron vitriol solution of 35~55g/L under agitation slowly adds in the sodium hydroxide solution, maintain the temperature at 15~30 ℃, regulating the pH value is 8.5~10.5, feed pressurized air and carry out oxidizing reaction, until generating orange slurry, promptly make sulfuric acid process red iron oxide crystal seed;
Described step (2) purpose is to reduce the vitriol in the sulfuric acid process red iron oxide crystal seed and the content of other impurity, after its method preferably adds flocculation agent, be stirred to the crystal seed sedimentation and be 1/4 of mixed solution cumulative volume~1/2 o'clock, add clear water to original volume after extracting sulfur acid salt liquid level again out.The described repetition adds clear water behind the described extraction sulfur acid salt liquid level, and the restir settling process is advisable with 2~8 times, preferred 3~5 times.Described polymeric flocculant comprises polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate.Described polymeric flocculant is as sinking agent.
Described step (3), preferred version of the present invention is: the sulfuric acid process red iron oxide crystal seed after will washing joins in the second oxidation cylinder that fluffy iron sheet is housed, behind compressed pneumatic blending 10~30min, be heated to 70~80 ℃, slowly pouring the vitriol oil to mixing solutions pH value into is 4~6, add iron vitriol solution to the iron vitriol concentration in the solution again and reach 5~12g/L, temperature of reaction is remained on 75~90 ℃, when the red iron oxide crystal seed by orange-yellow when being transformed into vivid orange, add ferrous nitrate solution, till to slurry reaction to required coloured light, promptly make the red iron oxide slurry; Described required coloured light comprises the serial coloured light that the iron oxide red slurry progressively manifests in the second oxidation processes such as light red, orange red, scarlet and red-purple.
Such scheme can reduce the vitriol in the sulfuric acid process crystal seed and the content of other impurity greatly through washing red iron oxide crystal seed, solve a difficult problem that all the time exists---the product color dimness that promptly causes sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method to be produced owing to the existence of vitriol and other impurity in a large number, and can not produce fine iron oxide red product.
The principle of this method is: adopt sulfuric acid process to prepare crystal seed, and then adopt the second oxidation method that adds ferrous sulfate, add Iron nitrate again to improve the surface property of ferric oxide particles at last.Like this, solved the air pollution problems inherent that the oxynitride in the nitrate method seed production process causes, and wanted considerably cheaper than nitrate method crystal seed, also reduced production cost because of the expense of sulfuric acid process crystal seed.Producing the iron oxide red key with vitriol crystal seed mixed acid method is the most of sulfate radical that removes in the vitriol crystal seed.Because change original nitrate method crystal seed into the sulfuric acid process crystal seed, contain a large amount of sulfate radicals in the vitriol crystal seed, if these a large amount of sulfate radicals do not remove, when second oxidation, add Iron nitrate after, can produce side reaction, thereby make the colour variation of the mixed acid process red iron oxide of generation.By increasing the sulfate removal operation of sulfuric acid process crystal seed, remove the most sulfate radicals in the sulfuric acid process crystal seed, in the second oxidation technological process, alleviated the side reaction of sulfate radical and Iron nitrate like this.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Adopt the sulfuric acid crystal seed method to replace the nitric acid crystal seed method to produce mixed acid process iron oxide red product, reduce the nitric acid consumption of iron oxide red product per ton, the about 500 kilograms of nitric acid of consumption per ton from generally acknowledged at present nitrate wet method iron oxide red product, reduce to per ton and consume 100 kilograms of nitric acid, make the usage quantity of nitric acid reduce to original 20%.Thoroughly solve the topsoil that the nitric acid crystal seed method produces in process of production in addition, produce the certain social benefit, improved operative employee's Working environment simultaneously, favourable operative employee's is healthy.The crystal seed raw material cost of nitric acid crystal seed method iron oxide red product per ton is much higher than sulfuric acid process crystal seed expense in addition, and the crystal seed expense of raw materials of iron oxide red product per ton also can descend, so adopt new technology, also can bring considerable economic.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Compound concentration is 0.50 cubic metre of the iron vitriol of 35g/L in the 1.0 cubic metres of crystal seed cylinders container of crystal seed (configuration red iron oxide), under agitation slowly adding sodium hydroxide to pH value is 10.2, temperature of reaction is 25 ℃, and reaction 1.0h makes the red iron oxide crystal seed.Then prepared red iron oxide crystal seed is mixed with 1: 1 with water, add the 0.5mg/L polyacrylamide after, stir rapidly, treat that crystal seed is settled down to and add clear water, the restir sedimentation after 1/4 o'clock of former cumulative volume is extracted top sulfur acid salt liquid level out.Add clear water after repeating to extract out sulfur acid salt liquid level, restir settling process 3 times must be washed the rear oxidation iron red crystal seed formation.To wash rear oxidation iron red crystal seed formation pump subsequently to the second oxidation cylinder of filling fluffy iron sheet, gas mixing 10min, logical steam adds 98% sulfuric acid to pH value when being warming up to 75 ℃ be 5.0, adding iron vitriol solution to ferrous iron concentration is 8.76g/L, keeping temperature of reaction is 80 ℃, reaction changes behind the 42h and adds the ferrous nitrate solution that ferrous iron concentration is 47.89g/L, until the coloured light of product and 130 red iron oxides near till, must the red iron oxide slurry.Again with the red iron oxide de-watering of slurries, wash, be drying to obtain sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method red iron oxide finished product.
Through check, product reaches the coloured light level of 130 standard specimens of producing with nitric acid crystal seed mixed acid method, and ferric oxide content is 95.3%.
Embodiment 2
Compound concentration is 0.50 cubic metre of the iron vitriol of 35g/L in 1.0 cubic metres of crystal seed cylinders, and slowly adding sodium hydroxide to pH value under agitation condition is 9.7, and temperature of reaction is 20 ℃, reacts 1.3h, makes the red iron oxide crystal seed.Then prepared red iron oxide crystal seed is mixed with 1: 1 with water, add the 1.0mg/L polyacrylamide, stir rapidly, treat that crystal seed is settled down to and add clear water, the restir sedimentation after 1/2 o'clock of former cumulative volume is extracted top sulfur acid salt liquid level out.Add clear water after repeating to extract out sulfur acid salt liquid level, restir settling process 5 times.To wash back crystal seed pump subsequently to the second oxidation cylinder of filling fluffy iron sheet, gas mixing 25min, logical steam adds 98% sulfuric acid to pH value when being warming up to 72 ℃ be 4.5, adding iron vitriol solution to ferrous iron concentration is 8.93g/L, keeping temperature of reaction is 82 ℃, reaction changes behind the 55h and adds the ferrous nitrate solution that ferrous iron concentration is 47.89g/L, till the coloured light of product and 130 red iron oxides is approaching, obtains the red iron oxide slurry.Again with the red iron oxide de-watering of slurries, wash, be drying to obtain sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method red iron oxide finished product.
Through check, product reaches the coloured light level of 130 standard specimens of producing with nitric acid crystal seed mixed acid method, and ferric oxide content is 96.8%.
Embodiment 3
Compound concentration is 0.50 cubic metre of the iron vitriol of 40g/L in 1.0 cubic metres of crystal seed cylinders, and slowly adding sodium hydroxide to pH value under agitation condition is 9.1, and temperature of reaction is 30 ℃, reacts 1.2h, makes the red iron oxide crystal seed.Then prepared red iron oxide crystal seed is mixed with 1: 2 with water, add the 1.5mg/L polyacrylamide, stir rapidly, treat that crystal seed is settled down to and add clear water, the restir sedimentation after 1/3 o'clock of former cumulative volume is extracted top sulfur acid salt liquid level out.Add clear water after repeating to extract out sulfur acid salt liquid level, restir settling process 4 times.To wash back crystal seed pump subsequently to the second oxidation cylinder of filling fluffy iron sheet, gas mixing 10min, logical steam adds 98% sulfuric acid to pH value when being warming up to 73 ℃ be 5.0, adding iron vitriol solution to ferrous iron concentration is 8.76g/L, keeping temperature of reaction is 83.5 ℃, reaction changes behind the 55h and adds the ferrous nitrate solution that ferrous iron concentration is 47.89g/L, till the coloured light of product and 130 red iron oxides is approaching, obtains the red iron oxide slurry.Again with the red iron oxide de-watering of slurries, wash, be drying to obtain sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method red iron oxide finished product.
Through check, product reaches the coloured light level of 130 standard specimens of producing with nitric acid crystal seed mixed acid method, and ferric oxide content is 95.7%.
Embodiment 4
Compound concentration is 0.50 cubic metre of the iron vitriol of 45g/L in 1.0 cubic metres of crystal seed cylinders, and slowly adding sodium hydroxide to pH value under agitation condition is 10.5, and temperature of reaction is 25 ℃, reacts 1.2h, makes the red iron oxide crystal seed.Then prepared red iron oxide crystal seed is mixed with 1: 2 with water, add the 2.0mg/L polyacrylamide, stir rapidly, treat that crystal seed is settled down to and add clear water, the restir sedimentation after 1/3 o'clock of former cumulative volume is extracted top sulfur acid salt liquid level out.Repeat to add clear water, restir settling process 2 times behind the above-mentioned extraction sulfur acid salt liquid level.To wash back crystal seed pump subsequently to the second oxidation cylinder of filling fluffy iron sheet, gas mixing 23min, logical steam adds 98% sulfuric acid to pH value when being warming up to 77 ℃ be 5.3, adding iron vitriol solution to ferrous iron concentration is 9.66g/L, keeping temperature of reaction is 85 ℃, reaction changes behind the 44h and adds the ferrous nitrate solution that ferrous iron concentration is 49.22g/L, till the coloured light of product and 130 red iron oxides is approaching, obtains the red iron oxide slurry.Again with the red iron oxide de-watering of slurries, wash, be drying to obtain sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method red iron oxide finished product.
Through check, product reaches the coloured light level of 130 standard specimens of producing with nitric acid crystal seed mixed acid method, and ferric oxide content is 95.6%.
Embodiment 5
Compound concentration is 0.50 cubic metre of the iron vitriol of 43g/L in 1.0 cubic metres of crystal seed cylinders, and slowly adding sodium hydroxide to pH value under agitation condition is 9.6, and temperature of reaction is 15 ℃, reacts 1.1h, makes the red iron oxide crystal seed.Then prepared red iron oxide crystal seed is mixed with 1: 3 with water, add the 3.0mg/L polyacrylamide, stir rapidly, treat that crystal seed is settled down to and add clear water, the restir sedimentation after 1/3 o'clock of former cumulative volume is extracted top sulfur acid salt liquid level out.Repeat to add clear water, restir settling process 8 times behind the above-mentioned extraction sulfur acid salt liquid level.To wash back crystal seed pump subsequently to the second oxidation cylinder of filling fluffy iron sheet, gas mixing 15min, logical steam adds 98% sulfuric acid to pH value when being warming up to 79 ℃ be 5.3, adding iron vitriol solution to ferrous iron concentration is 6.85g/L, keeping temperature of reaction is 86 ℃, reaction changes behind the 48h and adds the ferrous nitrate solution that ferrous iron concentration is 39.55g/L, until the coloured light of product and 130 red iron oxides near till, obtain ferric oxide fibre slurry.Again with the red iron oxide de-watering of slurries, wash, be drying to obtain sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method red iron oxide finished product.
Through check, product reaches the coloured light level of 130 standard specimens of producing with nitric acid crystal seed mixed acid method, and ferric oxide content is 95.6%.
Embodiment 6
Compound concentration is 0.50 cubic metre of the iron vitriol of 50g/L in 1.0 cubic metres of crystal seed cylinders, and slowly adding sodium hydroxide to pH value under agitation condition is 8.9, and temperature of reaction is 25 ℃, reacts 1.4h, makes the red iron oxide crystal seed.Then prepared red iron oxide crystal seed is mixed with 1: 3 with water, add the 5.0mg/L polyacrylamide, stir rapidly, treat that crystal seed is settled down to and add clear water, the restir sedimentation after 1/2 o'clock of former cumulative volume is extracted top sulfur acid salt liquid level out.Repeat to add clear water, restir settling process 6 times behind the above-mentioned extraction sulfur acid salt liquid level.To wash back crystal seed pump subsequently to the second oxidation cylinder of filling fluffy iron sheet, gas mixing 28min, logical steam adds 98% sulfuric acid to pH value when being warming up to 80 ℃ be 4.2, adding iron vitriol solution to ferrous iron concentration is 7.42g/L, keeping temperature of reaction is 88 ℃, reaction changes behind the 53h and adds the ferrous nitrate solution that ferrous iron concentration is 52.14g/L, till the coloured light of product and 130 red iron oxides is approaching, obtains the red iron oxide slurry.Again with the red iron oxide de-watering of slurries, wash, be drying to obtain sulfuric acid process crystal seed mixed acid method red iron oxide finished product.
Through check, product reaches the coloured light level of 130 standard specimens of producing with nitric acid crystal seed mixed acid method, and ferric oxide content is 96.2%.