CN1314486C - Catalyst for disproportionation of butylene to produce propylene - Google Patents

Catalyst for disproportionation of butylene to produce propylene Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1314486C
CN1314486C CNB2003101086995A CN200310108699A CN1314486C CN 1314486 C CN1314486 C CN 1314486C CN B2003101086995 A CNB2003101086995 A CN B2003101086995A CN 200310108699 A CN200310108699 A CN 200310108699A CN 1314486 C CN1314486 C CN 1314486C
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propylene
catalyst
disproportionation
butene
butylene
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CN1618515A (en
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李为
王仰东
谢在库
陈庆龄
杨为民
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a catalyst for the disproportionation of butylene to produce propylene, which mainly solves the problems of high consumption of ethene with a high added value, low airspeed, low butylene conversion rate, low propylene selectivity and low propylene yield in the process of the disproportionation to prepare propylene in the prior art. The present invention has the technical scheme that niobium or an oxide thereof is added to a tungsten oxide/silicon dioxide catalyst system; thus, the catalyst favorably solves the problems and can be applied to the industrial production of propylene by the disproportionation of butylene.

Description

Catalyst for preparing propylene by disproportionation of butylene
Technical Field
The invention relates to a catalyst for preparing propylene by butene disproportionation.
Background
The demand for ethylene is currently growing differently from that for propylene, which is much greater than that for ethylene. The ratio of ethylene to propylene production is limited by existing catalytic cracking technology. On the other hand, the carbon four raw material is excessive to a certain extent along with the popularization of the urban natural gas. Whereas the carbon four feedstock contains a significant amount of carbon four olefins. The existing technology for producing propylene by disproportionation mainly comprises the step of carrying out disproportionation reaction on mixed butene of butene-1, butene-2 and the like to generate propylene and pentene or consuming expensive ethylene to obtain the propylene. Therefore, the direct use of single olefin to produce propylene and the use of butene-1 or butene-2 as a feedstock to obtain high propylene yields have been the goal of pursuit.
Olefin disproportionation is the cleavage and recombination of C ═ C double bonds in olefins over a catalyst to give new olefin products. For example, olefin disproportionation can be represented by the following formula:
wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are alkyl substituents. Relatively excessive butene with low added value can be disproportionatedC4The olefin in the raw material is converted into a high value-added propylene product, ethylene and hexene are simultaneously produced, and the pentene can be used for producing alkyl gasoline. Thus olefin disproportionation catalysts are key to the implementation of this process.
Olefin disproportionation catalyst is generally heterogeneous catalyst, and compounds of W, Mo, Re and the like are generally supported on inert carrier SiO2The above.
US6271430 proposes a process for obtaining propylene and pentene by disproportionation of butene-1 and butene-2. The catalyst adopted by the process is Re2O7/Al2O3. With liquid-solid phase reactions, the conversion and selectivity decrease with time. Document US6166279 uses the same Re2O7/Al2O3The catalyst is in a moving bed, and the ethylene and the amylene are adopted to react in two reactors, so that the catalyst has certain difficulty in regeneration.
WO 00014038 describes a process for preparing propylene by disproportionation of butene. The raw material of butylene is butylene-1, butylene-2 or the mixture thereof,and the catalyst is WO3/SiO2Or Cs+、PO4 3-Iso-modified WO3/SiO2The reaction temperature is usually 500 to 550 ℃ and the pressure is 1 atmosphere. The method is a one-step reaction, and no additional ethylene is needed in the reaction. The raw material adopted by the method is a fraction containing butene-1, butene-2 or a mixture thereof. The reaction is carried out in a fixed-bed tubular reactor, the reaction product being divided intoAfter the reaction, the unreacted C4, C5 and C5 hydrocarbon products are recycled to the reaction raw material, and the disproportionation is further carried out, so that the yield of the propylene can be improved. If pure butene-1 is used as the reaction raw material, the proportion of each component in the product is as follows: 8 percent of ethylene, 35 percent of propylene, 20 percent of C4 hydrocarbon, 27 percent of hydrocarbon above C5 and C5, more than 80 percent of C4 conversion rate and the highest yield of propylene can reach 30 percent. However, the weight space velocity of the patent is low, and is generally 0.7 hour-1And the temperature is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that ethylene with high added value needs to be consumed for obtaining propylene and the space velocity is low, the conversion rate of butylene is low, the selectivity of propylene is low and the yield of propylene is low in the process of preparing propylene by disproportionating butylene in the prior art, and provides a novel catalyst for preparing propylene by disproportionating butylene. The catalyst is used for butene disproportionation reaction, and has the characteristics of suitability for high space velocity operation, high butene conversion rate, high propylene selectivity and high propylene yield.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a catalyst for preparing propylene by butene disproportionation comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
a) 8-12% of tungsten oxide;
b) 0.1-2% niobium oxide;
c)87 to 90.3% of an inorganic oxide carrier containing silica.
In the technical scheme, the preferable range of the using amount of the niobium oxide is 0.1-1%. The catalyst also contains 0.1-2% of magnesium or its oxide.
The preparation method of the catalyst can adopt the methods of dipping, chemical adsorption, chemical deposition, physical mixing and the like, and the preferable scheme is that the soluble tungsten and niobium compound aqueous solution is dipped into a carrier, and the carrier is dried and roasted in the air or inert atmosphere, wherein the roasting temperature is 350-1000 ℃, the preferable range is 500-800 ℃, and the roasting time is 0.5-15 hours.
The precursor of tungsten in the invention can be selected from compounds of tungsten such as sodium tungstate, ammonium metatungstate, ammonium paratungstate, tungstic acid, tungsten hexachloride and the like; the precursor of niobium can be selected from niobium compounds such as niobic acid, niobium nitrate or oxides thereof; the magnesium precursor can be selected from magnesium nitrate, magnesium oxide, etc.
The catalyst prepared by the technical scheme can be used for olefin disproportionation reaction, and in the embodiment of the invention, the catalyst is used for catalyzing butene disproportionation reaction to prepare propylene. The reaction conditions are that the reaction temperature in a fixed bed reactor is 250-550 ℃, the reaction pressure is 0.01-5 MPa, and the weight space velocity of the liquid phase is 0.1-5 hours-1Under the condition, the butene is disproportionated to generate propylene.The preferable range of the reaction temperature is 290-450 ℃, the preferable range of the reaction pressure is 0.2-1.1 MPa, and the preferable range of the liquid weight space velocity is 0.3-3 hours-1
In the technical scheme, the butene raw material can be butene-1, butene-2 and a mixture thereof or a carbon four-fraction from a steam cracking device.
The niobium or the oxide component thereof is added into the catalyst, so that the acidity and alkalinity of the catalyst are further adjusted, the catalyst can be suitable for the butene disproportionation reaction to generate propylene, experiments prove that ethylene does not need to be consumed in the reaction, the reaction space velocity is greatly improved, the butene conversion rate can be improved by nearly 5 percent and the propylene selectivity can be improved by nearly 5 percent under the same conditions, and better technical effects are achieved.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Detailed Description
[ COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1]
Accurately weighing a certain amount of ammonium metatungstate (A.R. grade, WO)383% by weight), adding deionized water equal in volume to the carrier, and stirring until completely dissolved. Additionally weighing a certain amount of SiO2Carrier (15 mesh) with specific surface area of 478 m2Per g, SiO260% by weight, placing into a roasting furnace for roasting, and roasting the silica gel in air at 550 ℃ for 2 hours before use.
And pouring the ammonium metatungstate solution into a silica gel beaker, adding the ammonium metatungstate solution while stirring, and then putting the mixture into an oven to dry overnight at 120 ℃. Placing the prepared sample in a muffle furnace to be roasted for 8 hours at the temperature of 550 ℃, and obtaining a butene disproportionation reaction catalyst WO3/SiO2,WO3The content is 10%.
In a reactor with a length of 60 cm and an internal diameter of 1.8 cm, 4 g of the prepared catalyst was added to the reactor, 99.5% butene-1 feed was introduced from the upper end of the reactor at 350 ℃, the feed flow rate was 12 g per hour, and the pressure was controlled at 0.55 MPa. The reaction product was analyzed on-line by gas chromatography, and the reaction result was 27.3% propylene yield, 45.1% butene conversion, and 60.5% propylene selectivity.
[ example 1]
The procedure, conditions and evaluation of catalyst conditions of comparative example 1 were conducted except that niobic acid was added to the catalyst preparation, and Nb was added after calcination2O5Accounting for 1.0 percent of the total weight of the catalyst, the reaction result is that the conversion rate of the butylene is 51 percent, the selectivity of the propylene is 72.5 percent, and the yield of the propylene is 37 percent.
[ example 2]
The procedure, conditions and evaluation of catalyst conditions of comparative example 1 were conducted except that niobic acid was added to the catalyst preparation, and Nb was added after calcination2O5Accounting for 0.1 percent of the total weight of the catalyst, the reaction result is that the conversion rate of the butylene is 47 percent, the selectivity of the propylene is 63.8 percent, and the yield of the propylene is 30 percent.
[ example 3]
The procedure, conditions and evaluation of catalyst conditions of comparative example 1 were conducted except that niobic acid and magnesium nitrate were added to the catalyst preparation, and Nb was added after calcination2O5Accounting for 0.5 percent of the total weight of the catalyst, and the MgO accounting for 2 percent of the total weight of the catalyst, the reaction result is that the conversion rate of the butylene is 49.6 percent, the selectivity of the propylene is 67.9 percent, and the yield of the propylene is 33.7 percent.
[ example 4]
The procedures, conditions and evaluation conditions of the catalyst in example 3 were conducted except that WO was used in the amount of the total weight of the catalyst3Content of 12%, Nb2O5The content was 0.5%, the MgO content was 0.5%, the reaction result was 50.4% for butene conversion, 70.6% for propylene selectivity, and 35.6% for propylene yield.
[ example 5]
The procedures, conditions and evaluation conditions of the catalyst in example 3 were conducted except that WO was used in the amount of the total weight of the catalyst3Content of 8% Nb2O5The content was 0.7%, the MgO content was 1.0%, the reaction result was 50% butene conversion, 71.2% propylene selectivity, and 35.6% propylene yield.

Claims (3)

1. A catalyst for preparing propylene by butene disproportionation comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
a) 8-12% of tungsten oxide;
b) 0.1-2% niobium oxide;
c) 87-90.3% of a silica carrier.
2. The catalyst for producing propylene by disproportionation of butene according to claim 1, wherein the amount of niobium oxide is 0.1-1% by weight.
3. The catalyst for producing propylene by disproportionation of butene according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst further contains 0.1-2% by weight of an oxide selected from magnesium.
CNB2003101086995A 2003-11-19 2003-11-19 Catalyst for disproportionation of butylene to produce propylene Expired - Lifetime CN1314486C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101172925B (en) * 2006-11-02 2010-05-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for producing propylene with dismutation of ethylene and butylene
CN101239879B (en) * 2007-02-07 2010-08-18 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for producing propylene

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415480A (en) * 1981-09-24 1983-11-15 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Transition metal oxide Bronsted acid catalysts
US5120894A (en) * 1988-09-19 1992-06-09 Lyondell Petrochemical Company Olefin conversion process
CN1373007A (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-10-09 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Catalyst for preparing propylene by dismutation reaction and its preparing process and application
CN1403198A (en) * 2001-08-29 2003-03-19 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Catalyst for disproportionation reaction of ethylene and butene to prepare propylene and its prepn

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4415480A (en) * 1981-09-24 1983-11-15 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Transition metal oxide Bronsted acid catalysts
US5120894A (en) * 1988-09-19 1992-06-09 Lyondell Petrochemical Company Olefin conversion process
CN1373007A (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-10-09 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Catalyst for preparing propylene by dismutation reaction and its preparing process and application
CN1403198A (en) * 2001-08-29 2003-03-19 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Catalyst for disproportionation reaction of ethylene and butene to prepare propylene and its prepn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
C4烯烃歧化制丙烯技术 瞿勇等,石油化工,第31卷第12期 2002 *

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