CN1313816C - Image instrument for sand suspended in water - Google Patents
Image instrument for sand suspended in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN1313816C CN1313816C CNB2005100131032A CN200510013103A CN1313816C CN 1313816 C CN1313816 C CN 1313816C CN B2005100131032 A CNB2005100131032 A CN B2005100131032A CN 200510013103 A CN200510013103 A CN 200510013103A CN 1313816 C CN1313816 C CN 1313816C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an underwater suspended sand image instrument, which realizes underwater micro-imaging by adopts underwater thin-layer sampling technology so as to complete field measurement for the grain diameter of underwater suspended sand grains and the concentration of the suspended sand. The underwater suspended sand image instrument is composed of an underwater machine and a computer on the water, wherein an underwater machine core inserted into a sleeve cylinder of a cylindrical machine shell comprises a microscope, a CCD camera and a control circuit board. A sampling mechanism is arranged outside of an end cover and comprises a fixed sheet, a moving sheet, an LED light source and a linear motion actuator, wherein the fixed sheet and the moving sheet are correspondingly set. The CCD camera shoots a thin-layer water digital image containing suspended sand between the moving sheet and the fixed sheet, the digital image is received by the microscope and transmitted to the computer on the water by a connecting wire with a water-tight plug, and a grain diameter spectrum of the grains in the seawater and the concentration of the suspended sand are obtained by image processing. Compared with the prior art, the measurement range of the concentration is increased by two orders of magnitude, and the measurement accuracy reaches minus or plus 5 percent. The present invention provides accurate seawater suspended sand data for ocean environmental protection and ocean engineering development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean measuring instrument, particularly relate to the instrument that hangs sand grain distribution and the outstanding husky concentration of seawater in a kind of in-site measurement seawater.
Background technology
Be measured as in real time marine environmental monitoring, coastal engineering construction, waterway dredging, the silt migration research etc. of outstanding sand grain provide important environmental baseline in the seawater.The reliability and the serviceable life of structures such as offshore platform, harbor work's building, water-bed pipeline etc. in seawater quality situation and the water, relevant with outstanding sand-like condition in the water invariably.Therefore, measure outstanding husky distribution and concentration in the seawater in real time, study its characteristics and rule, have crucial meaning for marine environmental protection, oceanographic engineering exploitation etc.
At present, in the in-site measurement water instrument of outstanding sand grain mainly be by the Laser Measurement irradiation down the scattered light of outstanding sand grain with the size of calculating outstanding sand grain with distribute.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show two kinds of measuring principles of measuring outstanding sand grain instrument in the water of prior art.
Fig. 1 is the measuring principle figure of Chinese patent " on-the-spot suspended sand particle diameter spectrometry instrument " (patent No.: ZL 01271006.7).
On-the-spot suspended sand particle diameter spectrometry instrument shown in Figure 1 is by machine and computing machine waterborne are formed under water.Machine is a cylindrical structural under water, is inserted by the movement that connects together with end cap in the cylinder casing sleeve of open topped to constitute.Movement is formed by measuring forms, semiconductor laser, CCD camera and control circuit, but control circuit timing automatic control laser instrument and CCD camera shutter.Machine is connected with computing machine waterborne by the digital signal connecting line that has weather proof receptacle under water.
On-the-spot suspended sand particle diameter spectrometry instrument hangs in seawater and uses, as shown in Figure 1, when camera shutter is opened, the Line beam 3 that semiconductor laser 1 sends, illuminate and measure skim seawater in the forms, outstanding sand grain in the seawater is by illuminated with laser light, become its size and the actual relevant red speckle 4 of size that hangs sand grain, CCD camera 2 receives by illuminated with laser light, the seawater thin-layer scattering light that contains outstanding sand grain, and shooting speckle pattern, send computing machine waterborne to by the connecting line that has weather proof receptacle again, directly compose through the outstanding grains of sand that Flame Image Process obtains in the on-the-spot seawater.Instrument is set at per three hours takes a width of cloth digital picture, when needs are encrypted shooting, can pass through the watertight socket, sends into a TTL trigger pulse, can encrypt once.The watertight socket has six cores, and two cores connect the encryption control line, and four-core is used to read digital picture in addition.
There is following shortcoming in above-mentioned on-the-spot suspended sand particle diameter spectrometry instrument:
(1) have complicated funtcional relationship between the size of speckle and the actual outstanding sand grain size, calculate loaded down with trivial detailsly, error is big;
(2) for the suspended sand of high concentration, it is red that speckle pattern becomes a slice, and particle can not be differentiated, and therefore, can not be used for the outstanding husky measurement of high concentration.
Fig. 2 is the measuring principle figure of the LISST-100 type laser particle analyzer of U.S. SEQUOIA company, and the principle that laser particle analyzer adopted is the method for measuring the light distribution of particle scattered light and utilizing not bright and fraunhofer-diffraction Theoretical Calculation particle.
As shown in Figure 2, outstanding sand grain 7 in being dispersed in seawater is subjected to producing light diffraction after the laser radiation that laser instrument 5 sends, by the diffraction light behind the Fu Shi lens 89, on the focal plane, form the diffraction ring of " target core " shape, the radius of diffraction ring is relevant with the size of outstanding sand grain 7, how much relevant the light intensity of diffraction ring is with relevant particle diameter particle, and the ring-like optoelectronic receiver array 10 that is placed on the focal plane receives the diffracted signal of laser to the different-grain diameter particle.The signal that receives on the optoelectronic receiver array 10 is transferred to computing machine, with Fu Lang and fraunhofer-diffraction theory these signals are handled again, just can obtain outstanding husky size distribution, see through the light intensity at optoelectronic receiver array 10 centers to determine the outstanding husky concentration of seawater by photoelectric cell 11 measurements simultaneously.
The outstanding sand grain measuring method that above-mentioned laser particle analyzer adopted can only be measured outstanding sand grain, the outstanding sand grain in the outstanding sea of sand water of energy measurement high concentration in the water that the outstanding husky concentration of seawater satisfies the incoherent scattering condition.
The corresponding relation (incoherent scattering condition) of outstanding sand grain diameter of table 1 and quantity
| Particle diameter (μ m) | 0.1 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 100.0 | 1000.0 |
| Quantity is (individual/cm -3) | 13 13 | 10 10 | 10 7 | 10 4 | 10 |
The granule number that satisfies diameter in every cubic centimetre of seawater of incoherent scattering condition as can be seen from Table 1 and be 10 μ m can not surpass 10
7Individual, otherwise just can not survey correct result.And the outstanding sand grain content of the coastal seawater that has does not reach the incoherent scattering condition, is that the outstanding sand grain quantity of 10 μ m can exceed its 2 orders of magnitude as diameter in the seawater of entrance of Changjiang River, HUANGHE ESTUARY etc.Therefore, above-mentioned laser particle analyzer can not be used for measuring the outstanding sand grain of the outstanding sea of sand water of high concentration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art Laser Measurement irradiation existing problem of outstanding sand grain scattered light down, release outstanding husky imager in the water, its objective is that the thin layer sampling technique realizes micro-imaging under water in the water by adopting, finish the in-site measurement that hangs husky concentration and size distribution in the water.
Outstanding husky imager is by machine and computing machine two parts waterborne are formed under water in the water involved in the present invention.Machine is cylindrical structure under water, the sampling mechanism that comprises end cap uncovered on uncovered cylinder casing sleeve, the sealed enclosure sleeve, is fixed on the end cap below and inserts the movement in the cylinder casing sleeve and be fixed on the end cap top.
The movement that inserts in the cylinder casing sleeve includes microscope, CCD camera, control circuit board, battery case and bracing frame.Microscope and CCD camera link together, and microscopical front end is fixed on the end cap, the end cap arranged outside sampling mechanism of corresponding microscope front end.The lower end of CCD camera is fixed on the bottom of bracing frame, and the next door of microscope and CCD camera is provided with control circuit board and battery case, and control circuit board and battery case are arranged on fixedlys connected on the bracing frame of end cap.
Six core watertight sockets fixedly are set on the end cap of movement, and socket is connected with the circuit board of movement.The CCD camera of machine is connected with computing machine waterborne by the digital signal connecting line that has weather proof receptacle under water.
Sampling mechanism is arranged on the end cap outside, comprises the stator and moving plate, led light source and the linear electric motors that are oppositely arranged.Stator is that watertight is installed in the transparent glass sheet on the end cap, and the inboard of stator is microscopical object lens.The moving plate of stator arranged outside is identical with the stator size and has the transparent glass sheet of scale.Moving plate connects the link rod of linear electric motors, and linear electric motors are fixed on the end cap.Very little gap is arranged between moving plate and the stator, and the moving plate that is driven by linear electric motors can reciprocatingly slide on stator.The arranged outside led light source of moving plate, led light source luminotron place in the circular watertight housings that is fixedly mounted on the end cap.Led light source, stator, microscope, CCD camera are coaxial.
Outstanding husky imager hangs in the water and uses in the water, utilize that outstanding sand grain on-site measurement method comprises in the water of this imager: reciprocatingly slide on stator by moving plate and realize thin layer seawater sampling in the water between moving plate and the stator, microscope receives and also to amplify the thin layer seawater image that contains outstanding sand grain between moving plate and the stator under the led light source irradiation, and the image that contains the thin layer seawater of outstanding sand grain between moving plate that the CCD camera receives microscope and the stator is converted into digital picture and sends computing machine waterborne to and handle and obtain outstanding sand grain particle diameter spectrum and seawater hangs husky concentration.
But the unlatching of control circuit timing automatic control led light source, linear electric motors and CCD camera shutter.When to-and-fro movement under the drive of moving plate at motor one time, led light source is once luminous, illuminate the thin layer seawater that forms in the little gap between moving plate and the stator, a width of cloth digital picture that contains the thin layer seawater of outstanding sand grain between moving plate that microscope received under the CCD camera was taken and the stator, send computing machine waterborne to by the connecting line that has weather proof receptacle again, the outstanding sand grain particle diameter spectrum and the seawater that obtain in the on-the-spot water through Flame Image Process hang husky concentration.
Instrument is set at per three hours takes a width of cloth digital picture, when needs are encrypted shooting, can pass through the watertight socket, sends into a TTL trigger pulse, can encrypt once.Six core watertight sockets, two cores connect the encryption control line, and four-core is used to read digital picture in addition.
Outstanding husky imager is by the sampling and the automatic micro-imaging of thin layer seawater in the water in the water involved in the present invention; realized the micro-imaging of the outstanding sand grain of on-the-spot seawater; and outstanding sand grain enlarged image in the water that receives is converted to digital picture by the CCD camera; obtain the outstanding husky concentration of kind, size, distribution and seawater of outstanding sand grain in the seawater by the Computer Analysis digital picture; the measurement of concetration scope improves two orders of magnitude compared to prior art; measuring accuracy can reach ± and 5%, can provide the outstanding husky data of seawater more accurately for marine environmental protection, oceanographic engineering exploitation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring principle figure of prior art " on-the-spot suspended sand particle diameter spectrometry instrument ".
Fig. 2 is the measuring principle figure of prior art " LISST-100 type laser particle analyzer ".
Fig. 3 is an outstanding husky imager schematic diagram in the water of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is outstanding husky imager cassette mechanism structure figure in the water of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an outstanding husky imager casing sleeve in the water of the present invention.
Description of symbols in the accompanying drawing:
1, semiconductor laser, 2, the CCD camera,
3, laser beam, 4, outstanding husky speckle,
5, laser instrument, 6, beam expanding lens,
7, outstanding sand grain, 8, rich formula lens,
9, diffraction light, 10, the optoelectronic receiver array,
11, photoelectric cell, 12, led light source,
13, light beam, 14, moving plate,
15, thin layer seawater, 16, stator,
17, microscope, 18, the CCD camera,
19, end cap, 20, linear electric motors
21, watertight socket 22, signal connecting line,
23, battery case, 24, circuit board,
25, bracing frame, 26, upward uncovered,
27, sleeve.
Embodiment
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.Fig. 3 shows outstanding husky imager measuring principle in the water of the present invention.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show in the water of the present invention outstanding husky imager machine structure under water.
As shown in the figure, the machine under water of outstanding husky imager is cylindrical structure in the water.Movements in the insertion cylinder casing sleeve 27 are fixed on the below of end cap 19, include microscope 17, CCD camera 18, control circuit board 24, battery case 23 and bracing frame 25.The front end of microscope 17 is fixed on the end cap 19, and the other end and CCD camera 18 link together.The arranged outside sampling mechanism of the end cap 18 of corresponding microscope 17 front ends, the lower end of CCD camera 18 is fixed on the bottom of bracing frame 25, the next door of microscope 17 and CCD camera 18 is provided with control circuit board 24 and battery case 23, and control circuit board 24 and battery case 23 are arranged on fixedlys connected on the bracing frame 25 of end cap 19.CCD camera 18 is connected with watertight socket 21 on being fixed on end cap 19 by digital signal connecting line 22.
Sampling mechanism is arranged on end cap 19 outsides, comprises the stator 16 and moving plate 14, led light source 12 and the linear electric motors 20 that are oppositely arranged.Stator 16 is installed in transparent glass sheet on the end cap 19 for watertight, and the inboard of stator 16 is the object lens of microscope 17.The arranged outside moving plate 14 of stator 16.Moving plate 14 connects the link rod of linear electric motors 20, and linear electric motors 20 are fixed on the end cap 19.Between moving plate 14 and the stator 16 very little gap is arranged, the arranged outside led light source 12 of moving plate 14, led light source 12 place in the circular watertight housings that is fixedly mounted on the end cap 19.Led light source 12, stator 16, microscope 17, CCD camera 18 are coaxial.
Claims (5)
1, outstanding husky imager in a kind of water, by machine and computing machine waterborne are formed under water, machine is cylindrical structure under water, comprise uncovered cylinder casing sleeve, uncovered end cap and be fixed on the end cap below and insert movement in the cylinder casing sleeve on the sealed enclosure sleeve, it is characterized in that: the movement that inserts in the cylinder casing sleeve includes microscope (17), CCD camera (18), control circuit board (24), battery case (23) and bracing frame (25), microscope (17) links together with CCD camera (18), the front end of microscope (17) is fixed on the end cap (19), end cap (19) the arranged outside sampling mechanism of corresponding microscope (17) front end, the lower end of CCD camera (18) is fixed on the bottom of bracing frame (25), the next door of microscope (17) and CCD camera (18) is provided with control circuit board (24) and battery case (23), and control circuit board (24) and battery case (23) are arranged on fixedlys connected on the bracing frame (25) of end cap (19); The sampling mechanism that is arranged on the end cap outside comprises stator (16) and moving plate (14), led light source (12) and the linear electric motors (20) that are oppositely arranged, stator (16) is installed in transparent glass sheet on the end cap (19) for watertight, moving plate (14) is arranged on the outside of stator (16), the arranged outside led light source (12) of moving plate (14), linear electric motors (20) are fixed on the end cap (19), and moving plate (14) connects the link rod of linear electric motors (20).
2, outstanding husky imager in the water according to claim 1 is characterized in that moving plate (14) is identical with stator (16) size and has the transparent glass sheet of scale.
3, outstanding husky imager in the water according to claim 1 is characterized in that CCD camera (18) is connected with watertight socket (21) on being fixed on end cap (19) by digital signal connecting line (22).
4, outstanding husky imager in the water according to claim 1 is characterized in that led light source (12), stator (16), microscope (17), CCD camera (18) are coaxial.
5, utilize outstanding sand grain on-site measurement method in the water that hangs husky imager in the described water of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising: reciprocatingly slide on stator by moving plate and realize thin layer seawater sampling in the water between moving plate and the stator, microscope receives and also to amplify the pellicular water image that contains outstanding sand grain between moving plate and the stator under the led light source irradiation, and the image that contains the pellicular water of outstanding sand grain between moving plate that the CCD camera receives microscope and the stator is converted into digital picture and sends computing machine waterborne to and handle and obtain outstanding sand grain particle diameter spectrum and concentration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100131032A CN1313816C (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100131032A CN1313816C (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1645097A CN1645097A (en) | 2005-07-27 |
| CN1313816C true CN1313816C (en) | 2007-05-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005100131032A Expired - Fee Related CN1313816C (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101520398B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-01-26 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Laser instrument for measuring sand in water |
| CN102507416B (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-09-04 | 天津城市建设学院 | Deep-sea high-magnification underwater suspended particle imager |
| CN103033560B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-09-03 | 武汉大学 | Measurement method for low sand content based on B-type ultrasound imaging technology |
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| CN104535462B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2017-12-15 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of device and method of measurement suspended load concentration and grading in real time in situ |
| DE102015002465A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Method for fine dust measurement and fine dust sensor for the determination of the particle size of fine dust |
| CN106404623B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2019-04-05 | 南开大学 | Suspended Sedimentation Concentration monitors system and monitoring method |
| CN110346177A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 重庆伟鼎电子科技有限公司 | A kind of PCB circuit board equipment sandblasting line concentration determination sampler |
| CN112098289B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-04-20 | 中国海洋大学 | Device and method for measuring concentration of ocean suspended particulate matters based on digital image processing |
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| CN2060548U (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1990-08-15 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Recognizer for suspended sands in water |
| US5309215A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1994-05-03 | Matthias Schumann | Procedure for the determination of particle size distribution in particle mixtures |
| JP2001337027A (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-12-07 | Nakayama Iron Works Ltd | Image processing and particle size measuring apparatus |
| CN2503479Y (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2002-07-31 | 国家海洋局海洋技术研究所 | Instrument for investigating field suspension particle radial spectral |
| CN2569131Y (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2003-08-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Concentation measurer for sea algae and susponded matter |
| CN2612943Y (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-04-21 | 武汉大学 | Micro particle graininess laser imaging measuring apparatus |
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2005
- 2005-01-17 CN CNB2005100131032A patent/CN1313816C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2060548U (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1990-08-15 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Recognizer for suspended sands in water |
| US5309215A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1994-05-03 | Matthias Schumann | Procedure for the determination of particle size distribution in particle mixtures |
| JP2001337027A (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-12-07 | Nakayama Iron Works Ltd | Image processing and particle size measuring apparatus |
| CN2503479Y (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2002-07-31 | 国家海洋局海洋技术研究所 | Instrument for investigating field suspension particle radial spectral |
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| CN2612943Y (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-04-21 | 武汉大学 | Micro particle graininess laser imaging measuring apparatus |
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| CN1645097A (en) | 2005-07-27 |
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