CN1313680A - Transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network - Google Patents
Transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network Download PDFInfo
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- CN1313680A CN1313680A CN 00103484 CN00103484A CN1313680A CN 1313680 A CN1313680 A CN 1313680A CN 00103484 CN00103484 CN 00103484 CN 00103484 A CN00103484 A CN 00103484A CN 1313680 A CN1313680 A CN 1313680A
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Abstract
A transmitting system for frequency-modulated synchronous broadcast network with multiple frequency-modulated synchronous broadcast transmitters is disclosed. Each said transmitter is composed of stereo encoder, the modulation exciter consisting of modulator, frequency synthesizer, voltage-controlled oscillator and RF exciter, power amplifier, antenna, synchronizer, delay corrector and reference signal generator.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of frequency modulation broadcast system, particularly a kind of FM broadcast network emission system.
It is strong that FM broadcasting has an antijamming capability, the characteristics that signal fidelity is high, so FM broadcasting more and more becomes the main mode of commercial broadcasting.Because FM broadcasting is operated on the ultrashort wave frequency range, promptly, the 88-108MHz frequency range, the terrestrial broadcast distance is restricted, therefore present FM broadcasting pattern all adopts the broadcast mode of region-by-region subrane, but because the problem of co-channel interference of neighbouring area, the available fm band in each department is very limited.Development and the growing demand of listening to of mass audience along with broadcasting industry, set up synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network, with save frequency resource, improve the frequency resource in limited fm band utilance, be convenient to the broadcasting listener and listen to the investment of listening to and saves construction FM broadcast network of listening to colony of identical broadcast program in particularly flowing in different regions, become urgent problem.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network, by using the identical transmitter of several carrier frequencies, and the service area of each transmitter is made adjacent layout, realize the seamless covering of FM broadcasting.
Transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network of the present invention comprises a plurality of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast transmitters, and each synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast transmitter comprises: a stereo encoding apparatus; A modulated excitation device of forming by modulator, frequency synthesizer, voltage controlled oscillator and RF excited device; And power amplifier and antenna, it is characterized in that also comprising: a synchronization processing apparatus of forming by video processing unit and reference signal generation unit, wherein video processing unit is handled the TV signal that receives, select continuous horizontal synchronizing pulse and give the reference signal generation unit, the frequency of oscillation of the voltage controlled oscillator of this horizontal synchronizing pulse of selecting locking reference signal generation unit, the phase discriminator of reference generating circuit carries out smoothing processing to the phase jitter that occurs in the transmission course, to shake fast to change into slowly and rise and fall, thereby produce reference frequency and give the frequency synthesis unit of modulated excitation device, the reference signal generation unit also obtains the carrier frequency of required pilot tone in stereo coding unit and subchannel broadcasting respectively by the frequency division to this reference frequency; A time-delay means for correcting carries out delay process to the audio signal of input.
Reference frequency of the present invention is 3.2MHz.
The present invention with TV signal as synchronisation source, the carrier frequency of each transmitter and all synchronous with it, the relative difference on frequency that makes each transmitter is less than 1 * 10
-9Thereby, satisfied the carrier frequency coherence request of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast.On the other hand, delay parameter to audio signal (being modulation signal) is set, thereby has satisfied the modulated wave phase equalization requirement of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast according to testing result to coherence area.By the test over 2 years, proved already that the present invention had reduced investment, advantage simple, that easily go.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of synchronous nerve of a covering of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast transmitter of the present invention;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the circuit diagrams of synchronization processing apparatus of the present invention and stereophonic encoder;
The circuit diagram of Fig. 5 time delay adjustment of the present invention unit.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention passes through to use the identical transmitter of several carrier frequencies, and the service area of each transmitter is made adjacent layout, realizes the seamless covering of FM broadcasting.Here only use two transmitters as an example.Wherein 2 of A, B establish transmitter 1 and 2, and when power output, antenna height and the gain of two transmitters were all identical, two transmitter field intensity that some C produces among A, B equated.2 of a, b are that the field intensity of two transmitters differs 3-5db (for FM broadcasting, because the capture effect of FM receiver, can select strong signal to receive automatically greater than this value receiver, to receive the program that two or more radio station send simultaneously at the zone receiver that is lower than this value, the inevitable problem that is concerned with that occurs) zone is called coherence area.
Realize that the main task of synchronized broadcasting is exactly that the damage to audibility that will be caused by the interference of two row or multiple row electric wave in the coherence area is reduced to an acceptable degree.
According to showing that through nearly 2 years experiment and result of study must solve the technology essential factor of three aspects in order to realize synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast, Here it is:
1. in the consistency of each carrier of transmitter frequency of adjacent coverage area, express with relative frequency difference that (each carrier of transmitter difference on the frequency must be less than 1 * 10
-9);
2. each transmitter is expressed (its delay inequality is less than 10 μ S for monophonic broadcasting, is less than 5 μ S for stereophonic broadcasting) in the consistency of the phase place of the modulated wave of coherence area with the relative time delay difference;
3. the consistency of frequency deviation is expressed (be less than ± 2.5%) with relative deviate.
In addition,, make that the field intensity of nerve of a covering is more even for improving the coverage effect of Synchronization Network, synchronously in the nerve of a covering to adopt the transmitter of middle low power.According to the conclusion of test, it is following for well that its ERP should be controlled at 500W, and the excessive scope that will enlarge coherence area of power is unfavorable to service quality.
In order to realize synchronized broadcasting, the basic block diagram of transmitter used in the present invention as shown in Figure 2.Complete machine is made up of synchronization processing apparatus (producing two parts by video processing unit and reference signal realizes), time-delay means for correcting, stereo encoding apparatus, modulated excitation device (being made up of modulator, frequency synthesizer, voltage controlled oscillator and RF excited device), power amplifier and antenna feeder.Wherein, stereo encoding apparatus, modulated excitation device, power amplifier and antenna all belong to the parts of existing frequency-modulated broadcast transmitter.
Synchronization processing apparatus of the present invention has been realized the coherence request of carrier frequency.The unanimity that realizes carrier frequency can have variety of way, and (precision is 1 * 10 for example to adopt high-precision frequency source
-8More than and be aided with regularly frequency correction), but the relative frequency difference that will reach adjacent each transmitter is less than 1 * 10
-9Required investment is also higher accordingly.From the requirement of FM broadcasting for the carrier frequency precision, its requirement still is relatively low, substantially 1 * 10
-6Magnitude.Therefore in same oscillation source, the precision that needs only this source reaches 1 * 10 with the carrier frequency synchronization of transmitter in employing
-6Requirement, just can realize that the carrier-frequency differences of each adjacent transmitters is less than 1 * 10
-9Requirement.According to the standard color television standard, the required precision of its colour subcarrier frequency is to be higher than 1 * 10
-6, therefore with TV as synchronisation source, make the carrier frequency of transmitter and it synchronous, be the requirement that can satisfy synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast.Actual from China, make full use of the universal development of the satellite television and the cable TV of China, and the reality that all transmits to the whole nation or the whole province together with TV programme via satellite of central authorities and the broadcast program of each province, with the TV signal of central authorities or each province TV station as a reference source, relaying broadcast program simultaneously is a reduced investment, simply, easy row, can not be subjected to the basic skills (for example popular GPS is owing to be controlled by US military) of external action.Also consider to adopt other various single-frequency frequency sources such as atomic frequency standard, GPS or the like.According to above conception, for making each transmitter in the Synchronization Network all be synchronized with synchronizing signal in the same TV signal, synchronization signal generation apparatus at each transmitter, gating circuit by special setting, select continuous horizontal synchronizing pulse, be used to lock voltage controlled oscillator, in phase discriminator to because the smoothing processing of the phase jitter that occurs in the transmission course, to shake fast to change into slowly and rise and fall, reach the 3.2Mhz reference frequency that each transmitter is produced thus, the variation of tracking television synchronous signal frequency that can be stable, thus the relative error that reaches each transmitter is less than 1 * 10
-9Purpose.Adopt frequency splitting technology to obtain respectively by the output of 3.2Mhz for the required pilot tone (19KHz) of stereo coding and the carrier frequency (38KHz) of subchannel broadcasting, with guarantee pilot tone that stereophonic broadcasting is required and subchannel carrier frequency consistency (this function is divided realization by synchronous processing unit in the accompanying drawing and reference signal generation unit).
Time delay adjustment device of the present invention has been realized the requirement of modulated wave phase equalization.In order to be implemented in each the unanimity of phase place of modulated wave of coherence area,, the audio signal (programme signal or data) of modulation realizes by being carried out delay process.This function is realized by the time-delay means for correcting among Fig. 2.Time-delay is proofreaied and correct and adopted microsecond is that unit is proofreaied and correct, and considers that in master-plan can adapt to (instructions for uses in central authorities, provinces and cities, county and regional broadcasting station) at different levels total amount of delay should reach 10 milliseconds (being equivalent to maximum distance is 3000 kilometers).The setting of each transmitter amount of delay, need according to before erection unit, coverage being carried out carrying out when overall planning designs unified arrangement, by determining the place that is provided with of each transmitter, the transmission method of programme signal and the length of route, with certain transmitter in the whole nerve of a covering is that benchmark is provided with (equipment carries out before installing). and with reference to the actual measured results at coherence area, be provided with accurately with adjust (different according to the programme signal transmission means, change or pass through cable as receiving via satellite, microwave carries out, and all need take different measurements and calculations methods).
Delay correction circuit is by realizing delay process the blanking time that writes and read of programmable logic device control storage.When audio signal was analog signal, need elder generation by analog to digital conversion, was written to memory with analog signal, was analog signal output by digital to analog conversion then.When audio signal adopts digital transmission mode, the analog to digital conversion that can save input accordingly.
The frequency deviation consistency is to proofread and correct by the stability that improves modulator.For avoiding in the equipment installation and operation because thereby artificial adjustment destroys consistency, therefore whole set equipment designs according to basic demand highly reliable, non-maintaining, point-and-shoot, except in system debug, proofreading and correct as requested by the professional, on the device panel except the instrument that leaves necessary indicating equipment running status, without any adjustable means.
Conventional broadband power amplifier is adopted in power amplification.Power grade is 100W.
Transmitting antenna for reducing because custom-designed vertical polarized antenna has been adopted in the influence of multipath transmission, have simple in structure, the high characteristics that gain, its gain can reach 4-7db.
Describe the circuit structure and the operation principle of synchronization processing apparatus of the present invention, stereo encoding apparatus and time delay adjustment device in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
Synchronization processing apparatus comprises: video processing unit and reference signal generation unit.
The purpose of Video processing is in order to obtain pure line synchronizing signal.Referring to Fig. 3, TV signal is earlier through transistor G
1, G
2, G
3The synchronizing separator circuit that constitutes obtains composite synchronizing signal, again by U
2B, U
3B (SN74LS74), U
9, U
10(LS390) gating circuit of Zu Chenging is selected horizontal synchronizing pulse as phase-locked reference.Gating circuit is the gate of one 60 μ s, and it is that acquisition is counted in 1 μ s pulse, and purpose is to remove during the field synchronization and subsequent half-line frequency pulse such as equalizing pulse.
3.2MHz frequency reference produce by 16MHz VCO five frequency divisions.U
7Output divided by 5 after U
9Buffering is exported, and is sent to the frequency synthesizer of modulated excitation device.
VCXO is by transistor G
4～G
7, 16MHz crystal and varactor D
2Form.Transistor G
4And resistance R
28, R
18, R
19The network of forming provides temperature to mend reward, and purpose is to improve the reliability of phase-locked loop, adapts to big range of temperature.
Phase discriminator is by U
3A (LS74) constitutes.Low pass filter floats operational amplifier (OP07) U by low temperature
11Serve as, the loop time constant is selected to have guaranteed to adapt with signal phase fluctuation.
Benchmark produces the 7.6MHzVCO that part also comprises Fig. 4, the 400KHz locking that it is obtained behind 40 frequency divisions by 16MHz among Fig. 3.40 frequency dividers are by LS390, U
12A, U
13A forms.U among Fig. 4
1A is a differentiator, U
2B is phase discriminator (LS74), LS390 (U
4) and U
6Circuit form 19 frequency dividers.Use (the U of Fig. 4 7.6MHz200 can derive 38KHz and 19KHz behind the frequency division for stereophonic encoder
1, U
2, G
1, G
2, G
3, U
7, U
10).Resistance R
18, capacitor C
19, C
20, C
21, inductance L
2Constitute the 38KHz filter, resistance R
20, capacitor C
23, inductance L
3Constitute the 19KHz filter, to obtain sinusoidal output.Between phase relation can be by potentiometer W
3And capacitor C
20Accurately adjust.
Stereo encoding apparatus is mainly by monolithic stereophonic encoder U
8(1404) form, be characterized in that the subcarrier frequency of 38KHz and 19KHz pilot tone are all external, and the phase relation between them can be by potentiometer W
3And capacitor C
20Accurately adjust.Monophony or stereosonic switching are by analog switch U
11(4053) break-make of control 19KHz pilot tone and 38KHz subcarrier frequency.Composite signal MPX becomes balance output through U8, U9 (LF353).Resistance R
22, R
23, and capacitor C
23, C
37, form two-way 50 μ s preemphasis networks.Insert Butterworth filter TLC14 before this, the about 15KHz of bandwidth is with filtering interfering.
Time delay adjustment device (Fig. 5) is by monolithic programmable logic device U
1(MACH231), memory U
2(6264) and modulus U
3(320AD58), digital-to-analog converter U
4(5614) constitute, with forming the input and output interface between operational amplifier and separation period.
Delay volume is selected by two 8 bit code switches and is controlled.
Clock frequency is 24MHz, and resolution is 1 μ s, and the maximum delay amount is 10ms greatly, requires delay volume * 3 to obtain decimal number, is scaled to stir the bit code switch by 1 and 0 order behind 16 systems and get final product.
Its basic principle is to finish Variable delay by the time interval that writes and read of control storage during the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and the resolution that is enough to satisfy 1 μ s all the time of 24MHz, the maximum time time-delay is then decided by the capacity of memory.
As mentioned above, basic principle of the present invention is: with relative difference on the frequency, replace the notion of absolute frequency difference; With the amount of delay of adjusting each transmitter input audio frequency respectively, reach the unanimity of the relative phase of modulated wave phase place; The stable degree of the modulator by improving each transmitter makes the frequency deviation relative deviation of each transmitter consistent as much as possible.
Claims (2)
1 one kinds of transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network comprise a plurality of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast transmitters, and each synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast transmitter comprises: a stereo encoding apparatus; A modulated excitation device of forming by modulator, frequency synthesizer, voltage controlled oscillator and RF excited device; And power amplifier and antenna, it is characterized in that also comprising:
A synchronization processing apparatus of forming by video processing unit and reference signal generation unit, wherein video processing unit is handled the TV signal that receives, select continuous horizontal synchronizing pulse and give the reference signal generation unit, the frequency of oscillation of the voltage controlled oscillator of this horizontal synchronizing pulse of selecting locking reference signal generation unit, the phase discriminator of reference generating circuit carries out smoothing processing to the phase jitter that occurs in the transmission course, to shake fast to change into slowly and rise and fall, thereby produce reference frequency and give the frequency synthesis unit of modulated excitation device, the reference signal generation unit is also by handling the carrier frequency that obtains required pilot tone in stereo coding unit and subchannel broadcasting respectively to the frequency division of this reference frequency; With
A time-delay means for correcting carries out delay process to the audio signal of input.
2 systems according to claim 1 is characterized in that described reference frequency is 3.2MHz.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001034847A CN1141807C (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2000-03-15 | Transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001034847A CN1141807C (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2000-03-15 | Transmitting system of synchronous frequency-modulating broadcast network |
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| CN1313680A true CN1313680A (en) | 2001-09-19 |
| CN1141807C CN1141807C (en) | 2004-03-10 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101212638B (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2010-09-08 | 南京同频微波技术股份有限公司 | On-channel audio/video signal transmission method and system |
| CN101287079B (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2010-09-08 | 周颖平 | Transmission method, system and device for broadcast television signal |
| CN101189815B (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2011-12-14 | 艾比奎蒂数字公司 | Method for synchronizing exporter and exciter clocks |
| CN105915260A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-31 | 李向国 | Frequency conversion method of radio frequency with RDS signal |
-
2000
- 2000-03-15 CN CNB001034847A patent/CN1141807C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101189815B (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2011-12-14 | 艾比奎蒂数字公司 | Method for synchronizing exporter and exciter clocks |
| CN101212638B (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2010-09-08 | 南京同频微波技术股份有限公司 | On-channel audio/video signal transmission method and system |
| CN101287079B (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2010-09-08 | 周颖平 | Transmission method, system and device for broadcast television signal |
| CN105915260A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-31 | 李向国 | Frequency conversion method of radio frequency with RDS signal |
| CN105915260B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-02-15 | 李向国 | A kind of rf frequency transform method carrying RDS signal |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1141807C (en) | 2004-03-10 |
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