CN1312459A - Reflecting magnetic compass for ship - Google Patents
Reflecting magnetic compass for ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN1312459A CN1312459A CN 00131040 CN00131040A CN1312459A CN 1312459 A CN1312459 A CN 1312459A CN 00131040 CN00131040 CN 00131040 CN 00131040 A CN00131040 A CN 00131040A CN 1312459 A CN1312459 A CN 1312459A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a ship reflective magnetic compass, which is characterized by that under the compass bowl as illuminator is set, it is equipped with an indepenent reflector; all the correction magnetic rods are rotary magnetic rod groups, which are respectively placed on the frame seat over the compass bowl and on the wall of binnale under the compass bowl, the middle of the binnale under the compass bowl is an all-pass space, and the compass scale omnibearing can be directly reflected into lower driving room to save projection system and periscope device, and it is specially favourable for conveniently and accurately creating said ship compass correction force file, and can directly regulate corrector at any places and times to implement operation of correcting compass deviation by matching it with "remote control correction method" (CN 1245890A).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic compass peculiar to vessel, particularly reflecting magnetic compass for ship.
Now, though marine vessel generally uses advanced person such as gyro compass electricity boat instrument to point to as safety of ship,, the gyro compass complex structure, need sufficient power supply supply again, damage of components or electric power supply deficiency all can lose direction-pointing function, and are difficult for repairing.And magnetic compass is simple in structure, and is durable in use, and the high-quality magnetic compass installs up to ship from new ship to be scrapped, and magnetic compass can also normally use; And magnetic compass is power source with the earth magnetism, all can obtain whenever and wherever possible, never interrupts.So now, magnetic compass still is the director of marine vessel indispensability.When gyro compass damaged, magnetic compass just became the unique director of boats and ships, and had only the magnetic compass of proofreading and correct autodyne in accordance with regulations, could take over the sensing work of gyro compass at any time, was the direction of boats and ships indicating correct.When especially taking place in the perils of the sea, magnetic compass just becomes unique sensing orientator of sailor's lifesaving.Therefore, magnetic compass has irreplaceable status in safety of maritime navigation.
Magnetic compass peculiar to vessel also is called for short compass.Same compass is installed in when specializing in the observation course in the pilothouse, is called steering compass; When being contained in emergency steering device side, be called the emergency steering compass; Be installed on the compass deck on bridge top,, also, be called standard compass for observing thing mark orientation to determine the vessel position time spent for the observation course; Have projection or reflection unit and make the standard compass that in pilothouse, can see the course scale clearly, be called projection or reflector compass.The boats and ships that projection or reflector compass are installed can be in order to avoid adorn steering compass, and this is a developing direction.
Existing magnetic compass peculiar to vessel is made up of sieve basin, binnacle and corrector three parts.Be provided with compass in sieve basin, be used to refer to direction; Binnacle is used for placing corrector, and sieve basin is supported on the reasonable altitudes position; Corrector comprises vertical bar magnet, horizontal bar magnet, vertical magnet, soft iron sheet or quadrantal sphere and Flinders' bar etc., is used for eliminating compass deviation.The chapter 2 of " deviation of compass correction " (Yan Tianjin writes, People's Transportation Press, 1985.6) book has been done concrete introduction to existing ship with the structure and the principle of magnetic compass.
Existing ship is positioned in the binnacle by the bar magnet stand with the corrector magnet of magnetic compass, and it takes up space greatly, the most of space in the binnacle that accounts for, and standby bar magnet must be arranged, and standby bar magnet is easily lost, and the easy loss of excitation of improper storage causes the difficulty when proofreading and correct deviation of compass.Especially reflecting magnetic compass, compass scale only can not directly be reflected with catoptron in the big portion space because the bar magnet stand has accounted in the cabinet, needs employing optical projection system or periscope device; However, or frequent owing to lighting problem or optical projection system problem, make, also to come back the course scale that in steering compartment, is difficult to see clearly compass and observe even if can see clearly, easy fatigue, the time has been grown, can be because of overtired accident-proneness.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of optical projection system and periscope device, simple in structure, easy to use and reliable reflecting magnetic compass for ship of not needing.
The element of reflecting magnetic compass for ship of the present invention is identical with existing compass, comprises sieve basin, binnacle and three essential parts of corrector; It is characterized in that the compass in used sieve basin is two-sided visible scale compass, be provided with illuminating lamp in the binnacle of sieve basin below; Other is furnished with catoptron.This catoptron is by eyeglass and be configured to, and eyeglass is hinged on the support in the mode that can adjust reflection angle, and catoptron is arranged on the position that is positioned in the pilothouse under the binnacle; Be provided with a vertical correction bar magnet stand above binnacle top, sieve basin, be provided with vertical correction bar magnet box in the position that is positioned on this stand directly over the compass center, the vertical correction bar magnet places in this box; Binnacle wall below sieve basin is provided with two to four levels (vertically, laterally) corrector magnet box, and each level correction bar magnet places in these boxes; Corrector magnet in said vertical correction bar magnet box and the level correction bar magnet box is rotation bar magnet group.
According to the magnetic compass of the invention described above, said vertical correction bar magnet stand is made of a ring-shaped base and an arch support, and arch support stands vertically and is fixed on the annular base, and its two ends are positioned on the diameter of annular base; Have 2-4 regulating tank is installed on the annular base, fixed screw is mounted on the binnacle top by this regulating tank with annular base.
According to the magnetic compass of the invention described above, the rotation bar magnet group in the said vertical correction bar magnet box is made of 2-4 root bar magnet, two engaged wheels and a driving wheel; Two engaged wheel positions are symmetrical mutually, mesh with driving wheel respectively.Secured in parallel has 1-2 root bar magnet on each engaged wheel, when all bar magnets are in horizontality, and the opposite polarity directions of bar magnet on two engaged wheels.
Magnetic compass according to the invention described above, rotation bar magnet group in the said level correction bar magnet box is made of intermeshing driving wheel and engaged wheel and 2-4 root bar magnet, on this driven wheel respectively secured in parallel 1-2 root bar magnet is arranged, when all bar magnets are in plumbness, the opposite polarity directions of bar magnet on the polar orientation of bar magnet and the engaged wheel on the driving wheel.
Magnetic compass of the present invention is compared with existing magnetic compass peculiar to vessel, has following advantage:
1, because whole corrector magnet all adopts the rotation bar magnet, need not standby bar magnet; Rotate bar magnet stationkeeping in binnacle, help guaranteeing the magnetic stability of bar magnet; The rotation bar magnet of magnetic compass of the present invention adopts easy, the direct kind of drive, is difficult for producing fault; Therefore, can not lose or driving unit fault brings difficulty to deviation correction because of bar magnet.
2, because whole corrector magnet all adopts the rotation bar magnet, shared locus is little; Simultaneously because the vertical correction bar magnet is placed sieve basin top, and the level correction bar magnet all places on the compass wall, makes the middle all-pass space that becomes of sieve basin below binnacle, can be the comprehensive below that directly reflexes to of compass scale, and more help guaranteeing the compass illumination, make the scale reflection clear.Therefore can save optical projection system and periscope device, the steering sailor normally looks squarely the position that can see under directly catoptron being located at magnetic compass, can see the course clearly, alleviated steering sailor's labour intensity, increase work efficiency, help grasping accurate course, few accidents happened, avoid detours, can fuel-economizing, save time.
3, magnetic compass of the present invention can utilize the all-pass space of binnacle and pilothouse directly to converse, and saves communication pipe equipment, eliminated the inconvenience of being brought by communication pipe (as the into pilothouse that leaks), and communication effect is good; Also can utilize this all-pass space mounting binnacle ventilating system, guarantee that navigation when high and cold or high hot sea area, also can guarantee sieve basin position and pilothouse equality of temperature, guarantee the compass operate as normal, prolongation sieve basin life-span.
4, magnetic compass of the present invention adopts the soft iron film magazine directly to be fixed on the mode of binnacle wall, can guarantee calibration result, can reduce institute again and take up space, and can conveniently transport, and reduces cost.
5, more prior is that magnetic compass of the present invention more helps cooperating " remote control correction method " (CN1245890A) because whole corrector magnet all adopts the rotation bar magnet.Under the normal condition, the magnetic of corrector magnet can be stablized 10 years or the longer time; After the compass stationkeeping, the corresponding fixing calibrated force of each position of rotation scale; Generally speaking, a Permanentmagnet bar calibrated force of compass Shi Jianli archives can use a very long time, promptly the compass teacher can adopt " remote control correction method " to proofread and correct autodyne for shipping magnetic compass whenever and wherever possible when boats and ships need in for a long time, does not proofread and correct and do not need to go on board in person; No matter boats and ships can directly be adjusted corrector and finish the operation of proofreading and correct autodyne under arbitrary position, arbitrary environment.This has not only alleviated compass teacher and crewman's labour intensity, and fuel consumption is not lost the operating time, and safe and reliable; This benefit is quite huge (for example one day transport power of ten thousand tons of ships is worth tens thousand of units).
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of magnetic compass of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the magnetic compass of the present invention catoptron of joining;
Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1, shows the structure of vertical correction bar magnet box;
Fig. 4 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are respectively C-C and the D-D cut-open views of Fig. 1, show the structure of level correction bar magnet box;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of vertical correction bar magnet stand.
" S " in the accompanying drawing and the " N " magnetic pole of expression Permanentmagnet bar; The S utmost point is called the polar orientation of bar magnet on the bar magnet to the N utmost point.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 7, magnetic compass of the present invention partly is made of sieve basin 1, binnacle 2 and corrector and catoptron 4 etc.
The structure of sieve basin 1 is identical with existing magnetic compass with the position, but compass wherein should be two-sided visible scale compass.Sieve basin 1 is installed on the gimbal 11 that is positioned at binnacle top.
The cabinet of binnacle 2 is similar to existing compass, is a cylindrical shape, and a binnacle cover 29 is arranged at its top; Binnacle 2 is mounted on the boat deck 13 by fixed screw 28.Be provided with an illuminating lamp holder 27 on the binnacle wall 21 below sieve basin, illuminating lamp 26 is loaded on this lamp socket; Have a handle hole 24 on the binnacle wall adjacent with illuminating lamp holder, outside, this hole cover 25, at ordinary times by screw 20b lid tightly, opens when needing and covers 25 and can install and keep in repair illuminating lamp and lamp socket easily by hole 24.There is a vertical correction bar magnet stand (abbreviation stand) 3 sieve basin top, binnacle top, this stand is made of ring-shaped base 32 and arch support 31, arch support 31 stands vertically by its two ends and is fixed on the annular base 32, and its two ends are positioned on the diameter of annular base 32 (as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 7); Have 3 (generally can be 2-4) that regulating tank 33 is installed on annular base, fixed screw 34 passes this regulating tank annular base is fixed on the bearing 35 at binnacle top.When needs, unscrewing fixed screw 34 can turn an angle vertical correction bar magnet stand, tightens fixed screw again and fixes, and arch support is not hindered utilize compass to measure thing mark orientation.
Corrector comprises vertical correction bar magnet box 5, level correction bar magnet box 6 and soft iron film magazine 12 and Flinders' bar.The setting of soft iron film magazine and Flinders' bar can be identical with existing compass; Soft iron film magazine 12 preferably is directly fixed on the binnacle outer wall, and adopt non-inductive autodyne soft iron sheet (as the non-inductive autodyne soft iron of the LCL-190 of Tianjin Navigation Apparatus Factory type sheet), and can guarantee calibration result like this, can reduce institute again and take up space, reduce cost convenient transportation; Flinders' bar preferably adopts non-inductive autodyne Flinders' bar (as the non-inductive autodyne Flinders' bar of the LCL-190 of Tianjin Navigation Apparatus Factory type), and is arranged at the binnacle outer wall place of the broad on the bow of compass dead ahead ship.
Vertical correction bar magnet box 5 is made of box body 51 and corrector magnet group, and the corrector magnet group is made of driving wheel 52, engaged wheel 54a, 54b and Permanentmagnet bar (abbreviation bar magnet) 55a, 55b.Driving wheel and engaged wheel are conical gear; Driving wheel is installed on the box side wall by axle 57, and axle 57 passes box wall and adorns a knob 53 in the outside, makes driving wheel and this knob coaxial rotation; Two engaged wheel 54a and 54b are installed on the two side in addition of box body 51 by axle 56a and 56b symmetry respectively, and mesh with driving wheel respectively.Bar magnet 55a and 55b are individually fixed on engaged wheel 54a and the 54b; Each bar magnet of taking turns can be the 1-2 root, and when bar magnet was one, bar magnet was positioned at the wheel center, when bar magnet is two, then arranges for the center symmetrical parallel with the wheel, and polar orientation is identical; Bar magnet specification on two engaged wheels is identical with quantity, and the position is symmetry mutually; When the bar magnet on two engaged wheels all is in horizontality, the opposite polarity directions of the bar magnet 55a of engaged wheel 54a and the bar magnet 55b of engaged wheel 54b.Vertical correction bar magnet box 5 is mounted on by screw 58 on the position that is positioned on the arch support 31 of stand 3 directly over the compass center, makes the magnetic axis line of centres of bar magnet 55a and 55b be in horizontality and its mid point and compass center and is on the same vertical line.When turning knob 53, driving wheel 52 drives engaged wheel 54a and 54b rotates (two engaged wheel direction of rotation), is fixed in bar magnet on two engaged wheels also along with rotation; When the bar magnet on two engaged wheels in vertical state the time, it is to the vertical maximum at compass center; When the bar magnet S utmost point made progress, force direction was downward, and when S was extremely downward, force direction upwards; When the bar magnet on two engaged wheels was the level of state, its acting force to the compass center (make a concerted effort) was zero.So turn knob 53 can change the size and Orientation to the vertical correction power of compass on demand.
Level correction bar magnet box 6 is made of cassette holder 60, box body 61 and rotation bar magnet group; Rotation bar magnet group has driving wheel 62, engaged wheel 64 and Permanentmagnet bar (abbreviation bar magnet) 65a and 65b to constitute.Driving wheel and engaged wheel are cylindrical gear, and two-wheeled is installed on the same sidewall of box body 61 side by side by axle 66 and axle 67 respectively, and two-wheeled intermeshes; The axle 66 of driving wheel 62 passes box wall one knob 63 is housed in the outside, makes this knob and driving wheel coaxial rotation.Permanentmagnet bar 65a and 65b are individually fixed on driving wheel and the engaged wheel; Each bar magnet of taking turns can be the 1-2 root, and when bar magnet was one, bar magnet was positioned at the wheel center, when bar magnet is two, then arranges with wheel center symmetrical parallel, and polar orientation is identical; The specification of the bar magnet on driving wheel and the engaged wheel is identical with quantity, and the position is symmetry mutually, and each bar magnet magnetic axis is in the same plane; When the bar magnet on driving wheel and the engaged wheel all is in plumbness, bar magnet 65a on the driving wheel and the opposite polarity directions of the bar magnet 65b on the engaged wheel.Box body 61 is fixed in (as shown in Figure 5) on the cassette holder 60 by screw 68.Level correction bar magnet box is generally 2-4, and the position of direction in length and breadth that they are gone on board by compass respectively by screw 69 by cassette holder 60 is installed on the binnacle wall inboard of sieve basin below, becomes cross-level bar magnet box 6a and fore-and-aft correctors box 6b (each 1-2).The magnetic axis line of centres of horizontal and vertical corrector magnet box 6a and 6b is in horizontality respectively, and the longitudinal and transverse direction of going on board with compass respectively is perpendicular, and the mid point of this magnetic axis line of centres lays respectively on the longitudinal and transverse direction that compass goes on board (being that the horizontal line of the mid point of the magnetic axis line of centres and compass center vertical line drops on respectively on the vertical and horizontal that compass goes on board).And have handle hole 22 on the binnacle wall 21 of cassette holder 60 opposite positions, this outside, hole is provided with cover 23, at ordinary times should be tight by screw 20a, when needing (when proofreading and correct deviation of compass or replacing bar magnet box), open and cover 23 and can operate easily.
When turning knob 63, driving wheel 62 drives engaged wheels 64 and rotates (two-wheeled direction of rotation), is fixed in bar magnet 65 on the two-wheeled and 65b also along with rotation; When the bar magnet on the two-wheeled was the level of state, it was to the horizontal applied force maximum at compass center; When the bar magnet N utmost point left when (or backward), force direction is (or forward) to the right, and when the bar magnet N utmost point to the right when (or forward), force direction is (or backward) left; When the bar magnet on the two-wheeled in vertical state the time, its to the acting force at compass center to make a concerted effort be zero.So rotation is the knob 63 of (or vertically) corrector magnet box laterally, can change the size and Orientation of bar magnet on demand to laterally (or vertically) calibrated force of compass.
The used bar magnet of above-mentioned said vertical correction bar magnet box is preferably selected the strong magnetic bar magnet of high-quality for use, can reduce the volume and the quantity of used bar magnet like this, saves the space, and magnetic is also more stable.The side that said bar magnet box box body is installed the driving wheel knob can be provided with index dial; Turning knob is corresponding to different scale positions, and bar magnet is at the different vertical or horizontal calibrated force of level of the corresponding generation in compass center; For the identical graduation position, this calibrated force is changeless, therefore can regulate calibrated force, adjust compass autodyne easily and accurately; Particularly help setting up easily and accurately this ship compass adjustment power archives, cooperate " remote control correction method " (CN1245890A), can be whenever and wherever possible in time, adjust compass autodyne easily and accurately.
Magnetic compass of the present invention also is furnished with independently catoptron 4 (as shown in Figure 2), and this catoptron is made of eyeglass 41 and support 42, and eyeglass can be equipped with picture frame 43, is hinged on the support again, and eyeglass can rotate around hinge point, to be adjusted to suitable reflection angle.This catoptron can be fixed in by the fixed screw 44 of its bottom in the pilothouse of binnacle below suitably on the position of height, can observe compass easily and point to, and grasps the course of boats and ships.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of reflecting magnetic compass for ship comprises sieve basin (1), binnacle (2) and corrector three parts; It is characterized in that the compass in used sieve basin is two-sided visible scale compass, be provided with illuminating lamp (27) in the binnacle of sieve basin below; Other is furnished with catoptron (4), and this catoptron is made of eyeglass (41) and support (42), and eyeglass is hinged on the support in the mode that can adjust reflection angle, and catoptron is arranged on the position that is positioned in the pilothouse under the binnacle; Be provided with a vertical correction bar magnet stand (3) above binnacle top, sieve basin, the position that is positioned on this stand directly over the compass center is provided with vertical correction bar magnet box (5), and the vertical correction bar magnet places in this box; Binnacle wall (21) below sieve basin is provided with two to four level correction bar magnet boxes (6), and each level correction bar magnet places in these boxes; Corrector magnet in said vertical correction bar magnet box and the level correction bar magnet box is rotation bar magnet group.
2, according to the described magnetic compass of claim 1, it is characterized in that said vertical correction bar magnet stand (3) is made of a ring-shaped base (32) and an arch support (31), arch support stands vertically and is fixed on the annular base, and its two ends are positioned on the diameter of annular base; Have 2-4 regulating tank (33) is installed on the annular base, fixed screw (34) is fixed in the binnacle top by this regulating tank with annular base.
3,, it is characterized in that the rotation bar magnet group in the said vertical correction bar magnet box (5) is made of 2-4 root bar magnet (55), two engaged wheels (54a, 54b) and a driving wheel (52) according to the described magnetic compass of claim 1; Two engaged wheel positions are symmetry mutually, and with the driving wheel engagement, secured in parallel has 1-2 root bar magnet on each engaged wheel respectively, when all bar magnets are in horizontality, and the opposite polarity directions of bar magnet on two engaged wheels.
4, according to the described magnetic compass of claim 1, it is characterized in that the rotation bar magnet group in the said level correction bar magnet box (6) is made of intermeshing driving wheel (62) and engaged wheel (64) and 2-4 root bar magnet (65), on this driven wheel respectively secured in parallel 1-2 root bar magnet is arranged, when all bar magnets are in plumbness, the opposite polarity directions of bar magnet on the polar orientation of bar magnet and the engaged wheel on the driving wheel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00131040 CN1112569C (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2000-12-29 | Reflecting magnetic compass for ship |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00131040 CN1112569C (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2000-12-29 | Reflecting magnetic compass for ship |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1312459A true CN1312459A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| CN1112569C CN1112569C (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00131040 Expired - Fee Related CN1112569C (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2000-12-29 | Reflecting magnetic compass for ship |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1112569C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102243076A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-16 | 黄金闪 | Navigation air cushion liquid magnetic compass |
-
2000
- 2000-12-29 CN CN 00131040 patent/CN1112569C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102243076A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-16 | 黄金闪 | Navigation air cushion liquid magnetic compass |
| CN102243076B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2014-06-04 | 黄金闪 | Navigation air cushion liquid magnetic compass |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1112569C (en) | 2003-06-25 |
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