CN1309441C - Fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking method - Google Patents
Fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1309441C CN1309441C CNB2004100662041A CN200410066204A CN1309441C CN 1309441 C CN1309441 C CN 1309441C CN B2004100662041 A CNB2004100662041 A CN B2004100662041A CN 200410066204 A CN200410066204 A CN 200410066204A CN 1309441 C CN1309441 C CN 1309441C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking method used for the technical field of chemical engineering separation. The method applies a fluid cavitation effect which is avoided to the utmost in fluid machinery to the emulsion breaking dewatering or oil removal treatment of emulsifying oil containing water or emulsifying wastewater containing oil. The emulsifying oil containing water or emulsifying wastewater containing oil stored in a storage slot is pressurized, the pressurized emulsifying oil containing water or emulsifying wastewater containing oil enters a buffer slot through a fluid cavitation device, a vortex flow cavitation effect or a jet flow cavitation effect produced by the process breaks the emulsion, mixed liquid in the buffer slot enters a gravity separation device to carry out the separation for an oil phase and a water phase, and the difference of the heights of outlets of the oil phase and the water phase in the gravity separation device is utilized to realize the automatic separation of the oil phase and the water phase. The method is used for treating emulsifying oil containing water or emulsifying wastewater containing oil, and has the advantages of simple equipment structure, little equipment investment, large treating capacity for oil and water emulsion and low operation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking, specifically is a kind of method of utilizing eddy current or jet flow cavitation to make to contain water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater breakdown of emulsion, is used for technical field of chemical separation.
Background technology
The crude oil of extraction great majority mix output with natural gas and salt solution from oil well, and " crude oil " that obtains after gs-oil separator is isolated natural gas and free water generally remains Water-In-Oil (W/O) the type emulsion that contains a certain amount of salt and water.The existence of salt and water can increase the load of pump, pipeline and storage tank in the crude oil, and can cause the corrosion and the fouling of equipment and pipeline and make catalyst poisoning, therefore crude oil will be handled through desalting and dewatering earlier in conveying and first being processed, make wherein salt content and water content reach certain requirement.
The oil recovery of petroleum industry, oil refining, store oil transportation and petro chemical industry, mechanical industry and food processing industry all can produce oily waste water, these oily waste waters have a large portion to exist with the form of oil emulsion, and to have suitable stability more difficult because of it.Processing to this class emulsified oily watewater at present remains a difficult problem that does not solve fully as yet, and for this reason, Chinese scholars has been explored the method for all kinds of breaking milk and removing oils, to eliminate its harm to environment.
Find that by literature search Chinese patent CN1424428A discloses a kind of high-frequency and high-voltage oil-water separation method and equipment thereof.This method adopts the high-frequency and high-voltage electric field force to make the polarization of emulsification water droplet, distortion, expose the active surface that makes new advances, make water droplet assemble easily and grow up, in the optimum value scope of its characteristic frequency, the water droplet high vibration, assemble and grow up, grow up to more than 100 microns the time when water droplet, water droplet is just separated out from oil phase and is separated fast with it.This technology can be used for the water-oil separating of ordinary crude oils and viscous crude, and making wherein, the content of salt reaches below the 3mg/L.But required device structure and complicated operating process, its equipment cost and operating cost are all higher, and this just makes applying of this patented technology be restricted.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking is proposed, promptly realize containing the method for water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater breakdown of emulsion, make it can and not add or add less under the condition of chemical demulsifier in lower temperature and carry out low cost and the processing of high efficiency breakdown of emulsion containing water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, fluid cavitation (comprising jet flow cavitation and the convolution cavitation) effect that should do one's utmost to avoid in the fluid machinery is applied to contain the breaking emulsion and dewatering or the oil removal treatment of water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: what will place storage tank contains the pressurization of water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater.
Produce high-speed eddy or high-speed jet when the size of pressure should make fluid pass through the fluid cavitation device and form cavitation bubble, in the scope of 0.1～1MPa, to be advisable.
Step 2: contain water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater after the pressurization enter in the dashpot after by the fluid cavitation device, and convolution cavitation effect or jet flow cavitation effect that this process produced make emulsion breakdown.
The fluid cavitation device is meant any mechanical device that can produce eddy current or jet flow cavitation, and on the direction that the longshore current body flows, the rapid variation of increase suddenly takes place to reduce suddenly then its inner section.The significant phenomenon that produces convolution cavitation or jet flow cavitation that changes takes place in flow velocity when the rapid variation of this inner section causes emulsion to pass through this device and internal pressure.
Utilize the fluid cavitation device to the operation principle that contains water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater and carry out breakdown of emulsion to be: (0.1～1MPa) and flow velocity during by the fluid cavitation device, emulsion has formed high-speed eddy or jet in the inside of fluid cavitation device with certain pressure through the pump pressurization when the emulsion that contains water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater.When the pressure of emulsion during by the fluid cavitation device makes eddy current or jet pressure inside be lower than the saturated vapor pressure of emulsion continuous phase itself (as water or oil phase) or low boiling component wherein (as certain low boiling component in the crude oil), the continuous phase (as oil phase or water) of emulsion vaporization rapidly in eddy current or the jet, being dissolved in little gas nuclear (as nitrogen and oxygen etc.) in the emulsion continuous phase simultaneously also can overflow and form bubble or cavity, the steam of continuous phase condenses and forms the minimum cavitation bubble of internal pressure, when emulsion is left the fluid cavitation device and is entered dashpot by high-speed eddy or jet state, these cavitation bubbles are collapse rapidly under the effect of the ambient pressure that increases suddenly, make the instantaneous high temperature of the inner generation of continuous phase of emulsion, high pressure, micro-wave and high-speed micro-jet, these factors make the fine droplet coalescence of emulsion decentralized photo grow up and separate out from continuous phase, and then reach the purpose of breakdown of emulsion.
The version of the fluid cavitation device that is adopted (convolution cavitation device or jet flow cavitation device) and structural parameters thereof, operating parameter are chosen according to the character that contains water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater.
Step 3: the mixed liquor in the dashpot enters and carries out in the gravitational separation device separating of oil phase and water, utilizes that the profit two-phase goes out the difference of open height and realizes that oil phase and the automatic of water separate in the gravitational separation device.The time of staying of oil-water mixture in gravitational separation device is in 10～120 minutes scope.
The inventive method both had been applicable to product oils such as handling moisture emulsified crude oil, aviation fuels, general oil product (as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, transformer oil, edible wet goods) and special oil product, also be suitable for handling all kinds of emulsified oily watewaters, comprise petroleum industry, petro chemical industry, mechanical industry and the emulsified oily watewater that food industry produced.
All kinds of contain water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater dewaters or oil removal treatment with method of the present invention to above-mentioned, not only has the good advantage of demulsification, simultaneously, because the required device structure of this method is simple,, equipment big to the treating capacity of water-oil emulsion cheap for manufacturing cost, equipment can not add in running or add chemical demulsifier less, thereby has the little and low advantage of operating cost of equipment investment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail to containing the detailed process that water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater carry out breakdown of emulsion below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, place the emulsion of storage tank to be forced into certain pressure (when the fluid cavitation device is passed through with certain flow velocity in 0.1～1MPa) back by pump through pipeline, produce eddy current or jet in the inside of emulsion and therefore formed a large amount of cavitation bubbles, when emulsion from the fluid cavitation device nozzle ejection and go out and when entering in the dashpot, these cavitation bubbles are collapse rapidly under the effect of external force, produced instantaneous HTHP, micro-wave and high-speed micro-jet and make emulsion breakdown realize that by being arranged on the open heights that goes out different on the gravitational separation device oil phase and the automatic of water separate.
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1～2:
The w/o type emulsified coarse-oil contained water 5.2% in certain oil field, asphaltenes 1.1%, proportion 0.89, viscosity in the time of 50 ℃ is 89mPas, gets two parts of this waste water, and the volume of every part of waste water is 100 liters, be under 55 ℃ the condition in temperature, be convolution cavitation device and the jet flow cavitation device of 0.7cm respectively by the jet expansion diameter with the pressure of 1.0MPa, the time of staying of oil-water mixture in gravitational separation device is 65 minutes, and the dehydration rate of emulsified crude oil is respectively 94.4% and 96.5%.
Embodiment 3～4:
Use proportion is diesel oil and two parts of emulsified oily watewater samples of surfactant preparation of 0.823, the content of oil is 1000mg/L in the waste water, particle size range is that the oil droplet of 0.5～10 μ m all accounts for 95% in the water, get two parts of this waste water, the volume of every part of waste water is 100 liters, be under 25 ℃ the condition in the temperature of waste water, be convolution cavitation device and the jet flow cavitation device of 0.7cm respectively by the jet expansion diameter with the pressure of 1.0MPa, the time of staying of waste water in gravitational separation device is 65 minutes, and the oil removal rate of emulsified oily watewater is respectively 97.2% and 95.0%.
Embodiment 5～7:
Certain w/o type emulsification transformer oil is moisture 18%, proportion 0.91, and the water droplet of particle diameter 0.5～10 μ m accounts for 95%.Get this and contain three parts of water-emulsified oils, every part of volume is 100 liters, be under 35 ℃ the condition in temperature, pressure with 0.1MPa, 0.55MPa and 1.0MPa is respectively the convolution cavitation device of 0.7cm by the jet expansion diameter, the time of staying of oil-water mixture in gravitational separation device is 65 minutes, and the dehydration rate of emulsification transformer oil is respectively 85.4%, 91.7% and 95.2%.
Embodiment 8～10:
Using proportion is diesel oil and three parts of emulsified oily watewater samples of surfactant preparation of 0.792, and the content of oil is 1000mg/L in the waste water, and particle size range is that the oil droplet of 0.5～10 μ m all accounts for 90% in the water, and the volume of waste water is 100 liters.Be under 25 ℃ the condition in the temperature of waste water, pressure with 1.0MPa is the jet flow cavitation device of 0.7cm by the jet expansion diameter, the time of staying of waste water in gravitational separation device was respectively 10 minutes, 65 minutes and 120 minutes, and the oil removal rate of emulsified oily watewater is respectively 86.7%, 90.1% and 92.5%.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking is characterized in that, the fluid cavitation effect that should do one's utmost to avoid in the fluid machinery is applied to contain the breaking emulsion and dewatering or the oil removal treatment of water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: what will place storage tank contains the pressurization of water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater;
Step 2: contain water-emulsified oil or emulsified oily watewater after the pressurization enter in the dashpot after by the fluid cavitation device, and convolution cavitation effect or jet flow cavitation effect that this process produced make emulsion breakdown;
Step 3: the mixed liquor in the dashpot enters and carries out in the gravitational separation device separating of oil phase and water, utilizes that the profit two-phase goes out the difference of open height and realizes that oil phase and the automatic of water separate in the gravitational separation device;
In the step 1, produce high-speed eddy or high-speed jet when the size of pressure is decided by to make fluid to pass through the fluid cavitation device and form cavitation bubble, in the scope of 0.1～1MPa.
2, the method for fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step 2, the fluid cavitation device is meant any mechanical device that can produce eddy current or jet flow cavitation, on the direction that the longshore current body flows, suddenly the rapid variation of increase takes place to reduce suddenly then in its inner section, and the significant phenomenon that produces convolution cavitation or jet flow cavitation that changes takes place for flow velocity when making emulsion pass through this device and internal pressure.
3, the method for fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 3, the time of staying of oil-water mixture in gravitational separation device is in 10～120 minutes scope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100662041A CN1309441C (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2004-09-09 | Fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100662041A CN1309441C (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2004-09-09 | Fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking method |
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| CN1605374A CN1605374A (en) | 2005-04-13 |
| CN1309441C true CN1309441C (en) | 2007-04-11 |
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| CNB2004100662041A Expired - Fee Related CN1309441C (en) | 2004-09-09 | 2004-09-09 | Fluid cavitation and emulsion breaking method |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105967388A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-28 | 山东大学 | Method for removing emulsified oil in oil field oily wastewater |
| CN106830586A (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2017-06-13 | 常州大学 | A kind of drilling mud cavitation method handling process |
| CN112745891B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for demulsifying thickened oil |
| CN111170522B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-06-21 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | Ocean oil field solid waste source classification reduction and recycling method |
| CN111298481B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-02-01 | 东南大学 | Micro-channel oil-water separation device for high-turbulence shear |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5032273A (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1991-07-16 | Senyard Sr Corley P | Apparatus for separating sand and oil from a waste water stream |
| CN2137563Y (en) * | 1992-01-16 | 1993-07-07 | 石油大学(华东) | Rotary jet-flow generating device with guide impeller |
| CN1139419C (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2004-02-25 | 莫普罗产品有限公司 | Apparatus and method for separating mixture of less dense liquid and more dense liquid |
| CN2626980Y (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-07-21 | 中国石化集团上海工程有限公司 | Device for processing oily sewage |
-
2004
- 2004-09-09 CN CNB2004100662041A patent/CN1309441C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5032273A (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1991-07-16 | Senyard Sr Corley P | Apparatus for separating sand and oil from a waste water stream |
| CN2137563Y (en) * | 1992-01-16 | 1993-07-07 | 石油大学(华东) | Rotary jet-flow generating device with guide impeller |
| CN1139419C (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2004-02-25 | 莫普罗产品有限公司 | Apparatus and method for separating mixture of less dense liquid and more dense liquid |
| CN2626980Y (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-07-21 | 中国石化集团上海工程有限公司 | Device for processing oily sewage |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 空化和空蚀机理及其影响因素 李根生，沈晓明，施立德，陈现化，石油大学学报，第21卷第1期 1997 * |
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