CN1306309C - Optic fiber digital microendoscope device for canalis radicis dentis - Google Patents

Optic fiber digital microendoscope device for canalis radicis dentis Download PDF

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CN1306309C
CN1306309C CNB031230334A CN03123033A CN1306309C CN 1306309 C CN1306309 C CN 1306309C CN B031230334 A CNB031230334 A CN B031230334A CN 03123033 A CN03123033 A CN 03123033A CN 1306309 C CN1306309 C CN 1306309C
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optical fiber
image
endoscope
light
lens device
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CN1541608A (en
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林美荣
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Nankai University
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Nankai University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a digital optical fiber microscopic endoscope for root canals, which mainly comprises an optical fiber image component, an illuminating component and an image output and storage device, wherein the optical fiber image component is formed by connecting a miniature optical imaging lens and image transmission optical fibers, and the ends of the image transmission optical fibers are connected with an image coupling component; the illuminating component is composed of a light source, a reflecting mirror, a light converging and coupling component and light transmission optical fibers; light from the light source is converged on the end plane of the light transmission optical fibers by the light converging and coupling component, and the other ends of the light transmission optical fibers surround an imaging component; the image output and storage device is composed of an image coupling component, a CCD camera and a computer. An outer diameter of a probe of the endoscope is below 1.0mm, and the minimum can reach 0.4mm. The present invention has the advantages that the structure is compact; the image component and the light transmission component are integrated; the probe has rigidity or elasticity; the front end of the endoscope has an angle, so the endoscope can enter a dental cavity and a root canal for observing conveniently; the illuminating component can be changed to a laser passage conveniently. The present invention has the function of curative treatment and can realize the integration of diagnosis and curative treatment.

Description

Digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to stretch into teeth cavity and the interior micro-device of spying on of root pipe, particularly a kind of digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device.
Background technology
In decades the dentist use always small mirror and, metal dentist probe and X-ray photograph check tooth body disease and canalis radicis dentis inner disease foci.This method is brought certain difficulty and inexactness to dentist's diagnosis and treatment, and making dental medicine is all to lag behind the situation in 5 to 10 years of other medical science subjects in therapy or on medical skill.External in recent years some canalis radicis dentis instruments that the advanced person occurs, as root pipe microscope, it can be outside patient's mouth, to observing in the oral cavity.This instrument costs an arm and a leg, and still can't enter observation in the root pipe.
Endoscope is the desirable medicine equipment of a kind of Wicresoft and interventional therapy.Endoscope is divided into fujinon electronic video endoscope, ultrasonic endoscopic and endoscope optical by its principle of work.Preceding two kinds of endoscopes are owing to be subjected to the restriction of miniature CCD probe and ultrasonic probe size, and scope termination size is greater than 2mm at present.Endoscope optical is to constitute according to optical imaging concept and optical fiber image transmission principle.Endoscope optical is divided into two kinds of rigid straight pipe type and flexible soft types.What current clinical medicine generally used is the rigid optical endoscope of diameter more than 2mm.Because this endoscopic probe size is bigger, and inflexibility, therefore can only enters the bigger straight chamber of human body and observe, as laparoscope, proctoscope etc.Along with micro-optical components and parts and development of fiber technology, the microminiaturization of endoscope optical becomes possibility, thereby is that condition has been created in the diagnosis and treatment that thin directly fibre opic endoscope is used for dental pulp root pipe.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device, can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, for providing a kind of, clinical medical Wicresoft interventional therapy can stretch into position in teeth cavity and the root pipe, has micro-resolution characteristic, but the medicine equipment of Direct observation focus, illuminace component can conveniently switch to laser channeling simultaneously, has the treatment function.
The digital optical fiber root of the present invention pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device mainly comprises the optical fiber image parts, and illuminace component and image output and memory unit constitute; Micro-optical imaging len and image transmission optical fibre connect and compose the optical fiber image parts; The end of image transmission optical fibre links to each other with the image coupling unit; Light source, catoptron, optically focused coupling unit and biography light optical fiber constitute illuminace component, and the light of light source converges at through the optically focused coupling unit and passes on the light fiber end face, passes light optical fiber and image transmission optical fibre and merges at the bifurcated element place; The other end that passes light optical fiber is centered around around the image component; Image coupling unit, camera and computing machine constitute image output and memory unit; Image component and biography light fiber outer layer are packaged as a whole by sheath, constitute the mirror core of endoscope, and the mirror core front portion of endoscope is encapsulated in the handle that has angle, and the mirror core of handle and endoscope is by locknut and tight female fixing; The front end of endoscope constitutes probe with the metal sleeve encapsulation, and the afterbody that passes light optical fiber is connected with the optically focused coupling unit, and can conveniently throw off.
The probe external diameter 0.4~1.0mm of described endoscope, length is 8~15mm, probe external application stainless steel, beryllium copper or phosphor-copper encapsulation have rigidity or elasticity.The toe angle of above-mentioned handle is 10 °-30 °, and the length of described handle is 10~15cm.
Described image transmission optical fibre is 3000~10000 pixels.The bending radius of described endoscope working portion is less than 20mm.
Optical cement or be connected with optical cement (refractive index of optical cement will be complementary with optics) between miniature imaging lens in the described optical fiber image parts and the image transmission optical fibre, their outside encapsulates with metal sleeve, can be stainless steel, copper or aluminium.
Described before separately biography light optical fiber and image component between bonding with medical glue (but bond plastic, rubber and metal, as 140 series of loops epoxy resins).
Described image component is whole in sheath with separately preceding biography light optical fiber, and the material that sheath adopts is polyacrylamide or teflon.
Described camera is charge-coupled device (CCD) camera or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) pipe (CMOS) camera.
Endoscope apparatus of the present invention carries out the image transmission and image process method comprises:
The light that light source sends is coupled on the front end face that passes light optical fiber by the optically focused coupling unit, again through passing the light Optical Fiber Transmission and the observing object that throws light on, the micro-optical imaging len will be observed on the front end face that thing images in image transmission optical fibre, image transmission optical fibre is transferred to image on the rear end face of optical fiber, image is coupled on the target surface of camera by the image coupling unit, camera is converted to electric signal input computing machine with the light signal of image, computing machine is gathered and is presented on the video screen image, and can store and carry out file management image.
Described image acquisition, storage and file management comprise the steps: (referring to Fig. 4 image acquisition Stored Procedure figure)
1. the opening device power supply comprises CCD camera power supply, light source power and computer power;
2. endoscope distal end is faced accurate observed object;
3.CCD the optical signalling (or input picture card) of image is converted into digital signal and imports computing machine;
4. computing machine is presented at image digital signal on the display;
5. repeating step 2-4 carries out image acquisition after choosing observed object;
6. set up the sort file folder, the image of gathering is deposited in the file;
7. cut off device power supply (DPS) and close computer.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) core of endoscope, promptly image component and biography light parts adopt micro-optical component and optical fiber.It is compared with the other types endoscope, has maximum microminiaturized potentiality, can make the endoscope probe minimum outer diameter reach 0.4mm.
2) endoscope distal end has angle, can conveniently enter in teeth cavity and the root pipe.
3) resolution characteristic of endoscope can reach the desired level of microscopy, and distinguishable dimension of object can satisfy the requirement of medical diagnosis.
4) the present invention has from illuminator, can be by additive method, and the position that endoscope arrived of can throwing light on is observed.
5) endoscope computerize can be introduced advanced person's IT technology in the endoscope easily.Aspect image technique, can realize synchronized development with the IT technology.
6) use of medical grade material has the reliable type of medical safe.Illuminace component of the present invention can switch to laser channeling easily, carries out laser therapy, realizes diagnosing, treats integrated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention; Fig. 2 is digital optical fiber root pipe micro-endoscope handle arrangement figure; Fig. 3 is an endoscope handle link synoptic diagram; Fig. 4 is the smooth smooth image of root canal wall; Fig. 5 is that root Guan Yubei is good, hole visible part cement and the cotton residue image of twisting with the fingers; Fig. 6 is the unobstructed image of root pipe; Fig. 7 is the good image of root Guan Yubei; Fig. 8 is a root pipe calcification locking image; Fig. 9 is the root canal orifice image that stops up; Figure 10 is the pulp cavity clear in structure, the pulp chamber bottom complete image; Figure 11 is visible cheek to two and palate to a root canal orifice aspect graph picture; Figure 12 is that the pulp cavity cleaning is complete, the pulp chamber bottom smooth image; Figure 13 is that cheek-tongue direction respectively has a root canal orifice image; Figure 14 image acquisition Stored Procedure figure.
Embodiment.
The present invention is described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in the figure, 1 is light source, and 2 is the optically focused coupling unit, and 3 for passing light optical fiber, and 4 is the micro-optical imaging len, and 5 is image transmission optical fibre, and 6 is the image coupling unit, and 7 is the CCD camera, and 8 is computing machine, and 9 is catoptron, and 10 is bifurcated element.
11 are probe, and 12 is metal sleeve, and 13 is the mirror core of endoscope, and 14 is handle, and 15 is locknut, and 16 is tight female, and 17 is outer tube, and 18 is bending angle.
Micro-optical imaging len 4 and image transmission optical fibre 5 constitute the optical fiber image parts, comprise light source 1, catoptron 9, optically focused coupling unit 2 and pass light optical fiber 3 constituting illuminace component.Image coupling unit 6, CCD camera 7 and output of computing machine 8 composing images and memory unit.Micro-optical imaging len 4 is excellent lens (external diameters=0.4mm).
The light that light source 1 sends is coupled to by optically focused coupling unit 2 on the front end face that passes light optical fiber 3, through passing 3 transmission of light optical fiber and illumination observing object, passes light optical fiber and separates at the bifurcated element place with image transmission optical fibre again.Micro-optical imaging len 4 will be observed on the front end face that thing images in image transmission optical fibre 5.Image transmission optical fibre 5 is transferred to image on the rear end face of optical fiber, by image coupling unit 6 image is coupled on the target surface of CCD7.CCD is converted to electric signal input computing machine 8 with the light signal (or behind input picture card) of image.Computing machine is gathered and is presented on the video screen image, and can store and carry out file management image.
Optical cement or be connected between miniature imaging lens in the described optical fiber image parts and the image transmission optical fibre with optical cement (refractive index of optical cement will be complementary with optics).The outside encapsulates with the stainless steel sleeve pipe.
Illumination for endoscope parts and image component are integrated.Pass light optical fiber according to lighting requirement and arrange with around different numbers are distributed in image component, be covered with circumference at most with difference.Pass between light optical fiber and the image component and close (140 series of loops epoxy resins) with medical adhesive dressing.Front end is encapsulated as probe 11 with metal sleeve 12, and material is a stainless steel.The afterbody that passes light optical fiber is connected with the optically focused coupling unit.
The image component of endoscope and biography light fiber outer layer are packaged as a whole by sheath, constitute the mirror core 13 of endoscope.
The external diameter of the probe of endoscope is 1.0mm, and length is 10mm, and optimum resolution is 50 μ m.Mirror core 13 front ends of endoscope are encapsulated in the handle 14 that has angle, and angle is 30 °.The mirror core 13 of handle and endoscope is fixed by locknut 15 and tight female 16.
The illumination for endoscope parts can switch to laser channeling easily, carry out laser therapy, realize that Clinics and Practices is integrated.
Application Example: the clinical trial of digital optical fiber root pipe fibrescope
Use above-mentioned digital optical fiber to show mini-rhizotron endoscope (being called for short root pipe scope) probe and be the optical fiber probe of external diameter as 1.0mm, optimum resolution is 50 μ m.With this endoscope following model case is observed, the result is as follows:
Case 1. so-and-so, the man, 18 years old ,+1 hat folding was removed dental pulp when head examines, and enclosed behind root canal preparation that iodoform is cotton to be twisted with the fingers.During further consultation under root pipe scope visible root canal wall smooth smooth, 1/3 is slightly crooked in the root, root canal preparation is good, the hole is visible part cement and the cotton residue (seeing Fig. 4, Fig. 5) of twisting with the fingers still.
Case 2. certain so-and-so, the woman, 32 years old, the 1+ periapical inflammation, it is unobstructed to use the visible root pipe of root pipe scope in the endodontic procedure, root canal preparation all right (seeing Fig. 6, Fig. 7).
Case 3. so-and-so, woman, 74 years old ,+2 pipe calcification lockings, visible root canal orifice stop up (seeing Fig. 8, Fig. 9) under the root pipe scope.
Case 4. so-and-so, the man, 40 years old, the 7+ pulpitis was used the visible pulp cavity clear in structure of root pipe scope in the endodontic treatment process, pulp chamber bottom is complete, and high-visible cheek to two and palate to root canal orifice form, position and a direction (seeing Figure 10, Figure 11).
Case 5. so-and-so, the man, 22 years old, 5+ periodontal dental pulp associating pathology, it is complete to use the visible pulp cavity cleaning of root pipe scope in the endodontic procedure, pulp chamber bottom is smooth, cheek-tongue direction respectively has a root canal orifice (seeing Figure 12, Figure 13).

Claims (10)

1, a kind of digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device, it is by the optical fiber image parts, and illuminace component and image output and memory unit constitute; Micro-optical imaging len and image transmission optical fibre connect and compose the optical fiber image parts; The end of image transmission optical fibre links to each other with the image coupling unit; Light source, catoptron, optically focused coupling unit and biography light optical fiber constitute illuminace component, the light of light source converges at through the optically focused coupling unit and passes on the light fiber end face, pass light optical fiber and image transmission optical fibre and merge at the bifurcated element place, the other end that passes light optical fiber is centered around around the optical fiber image parts; Image coupling unit, camera and computing machine constitute image output and memory unit;
It is characterized in that the optical fiber image parts of this number optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device and pass the light fiber outer layer being packaged as a whole by sheath, constitute the mirror core of endoscope, the mirror core front portion of endoscope is encapsulated in the handle that has angle, and the mirror core of handle and endoscope is by locknut and tight female fixing; The front end of endoscope constitutes probe with the metal sleeve encapsulation, and the afterbody that passes light optical fiber is connected with the optically focused coupling unit, and can conveniently throw off.
2, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described endoscope probe external diameter is 0.4~1.0mm, the probe length of described endoscope is 8~15mm.
3, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, it is characterized in that being connected with optical cement between micro-optical imaging len and the image transmission optical fibre in the described optical fiber image parts, the refractive index of optical cement is complementary with the optics that is connected, and their outside encapsulates with metal sleeve.
4,, it is characterized in that biography light optical fiber and the optical fiber image parts before the described bifurcated close with medical adhesive dressing according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1.
5, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, the front end angle of bend that it is characterized in that described handle is 10 °~30 °, and the length of handle is 10~15cm.
6, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described camera is charge-coupled image sensor camera or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) pipe camera.
7, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described micro-optical imaging len is excellent lens.
8, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described image transmission optical fibre is 3000~10000 pixels.
9, according to the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described illuminace component can switch to laser channeling.
10, the described digital optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device of a kind of employing claim 1 carries out image process method, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
With the computer acquisition in this number optical fiber root pipe microscopy endoscopic lens device to image digital signal be presented on the display; Set up the sort file folder, the image of gathering is deposited in the file, carry out Flame Image Process.
CNB031230334A 2003-04-28 2003-04-28 Optic fiber digital microendoscope device for canalis radicis dentis Expired - Fee Related CN1306309C (en)

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US10595710B2 (en) * 2001-10-19 2020-03-24 Visionscope Technologies Llc Portable imaging system employing a miniature endoscope
CN102706895B (en) * 2011-03-28 2014-07-23 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Single-pipe guiding pipe wall detection tool
CN103815865A (en) * 2014-02-27 2014-05-28 上海伊莱美医疗美容医院 Auxiliary endoscope used in breast-enlarging operation
CN105147231A (en) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-16 王颖莹 Mouth mirror
CN105534612A (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-05-04 上海菲捷实业有限公司 Instrument for low root canal treatment under direct vision
CN110559091B (en) * 2019-09-29 2021-02-02 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 Dental handpiece with auxiliary ranging function
CN113499019A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-10-15 江苏华圣伦医疗器械有限公司 Medical endoscope with diameter smaller than 1mm
CN114209379A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-22 珠海通桥医疗科技有限公司 Device for treating aneurysm
CN119138832B (en) * 2024-11-15 2025-04-04 中国医学科学院北京协和医院 Oral multi-professional endoscope and image artificial intelligent processing auxiliary diagnosis method

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Patent Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1054669A (en) * 1990-03-07 1991-09-18 健康研究公司 Fiber optic diffusers and manufacture method thereof
CN2078008U (en) * 1990-10-27 1991-05-29 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Superfine self-focusing endoscope
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