CN1303232C - Zinc oxide raw ore fluidization leaching process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a zinc oxide crude ore fluidization leaching process which belongs to a smelting process method, particularly to a zinc oxide crude ore smelting technology in a wet method. The present invention has the following processing steps: the raw ore is crushed to carry out ball milling and pulp conditioning and pumped into the upper part of a conical fluidizing reactor; acid liquor is pumped into the fluidizing reactor from the bottom of the fluidizing reactor to be leached out; leach liquor flows into a neutralizer to be neutralized, and then, the leach liquor enters a thickener to be concentrated; supernatant liquor is purified in operation, and underflow enters the other group of fluidizing reactor to carry out acidic fluidization leaching once more; acid dipping ore pulp is pressed and filtered as full ore pulp; a filtered solution is conveyed to a ball mill to condition the pulp, and filter residue is stacked. The present invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, ore pulp in-tank time reduction, zinc metal loss reduction, zinc leaching efficiency improvement and electric zinc producing cost reduction.

Description

Zinc oxide raw ore fluidization extract technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to the smelting technology method, particularly the wet process smelting technique of zinc oxide raw ore.

Background technology

Domestic and international 85% zinc adopts zinc baking sand to produce.It is one critical process of zinc hydrometallurgy that the zinc oxide raw ore leaches.At present, the leaching plant that electric zinc factory generally adopts is mechanical agitating tank or pneumatic blending groove, agitator and airduct, steam heating tube etc. is housed in the groove inserts appurtenant in the infusion solutions.Because it is higher to contain acid in the solution, therefore higher to the requirement for anticorrosion of equipment, maintenance capacity is big, and the investment of leaching vat and auxiliary facility is corresponding increases.The zinc oxide raw ore is produced primary ore by the mine, directly enter crushing system and carry out electric zinc production operation, the ore composition mainly comprises grey lithotype oxidized ore, quartz sand lithotype and breccia type, they all are easy to be dissolved in the acid solution, ore has the characteristic of high silicon again simultaneously, adopt mechanical stirring to leach when producing, the leaching yield of silicon is higher, causes ore pulp solution clarification, filtration difficulty to occur in liquid-solid separation circuit; The throughput of conventional equipment is low, and the time that ore pulp stops in groove is long, leaches operation and is difficult to strengthen, thereby influence leaching effect.Owing to above reason, existing zinc smelting technology has caused production cost high, and the zinc metal loss is bigger.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of processing method of carrying out the fluidization leaching from the zinc oxide raw ore.Its technology is simple, and production cost is low, the leaching rate height of zinc, and the rate of loss of zinc is little, level of automation is high.

Solving the scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is:

(1) raw ore goes into to carry out fine grinding in the ball mill and size mixing through fragmentation is laggard, and ore pulp enters pre-immersion trough and adds auxiliary material, evenly puts into medial launder from the bottom, ore pulp is pumped into the top of the fluidizing reactor of taper with pump;

(2) utilizing pump that acid solution is pumped into the formation fluidize bed from the fluidizing reactor bottom leaches, reacted leach liquor overflows from the overflow port on fluidizing reactor top, the neutralization of inflow neutralizer when the pH of leach liquor value reaches 4.5～5.4, is sent to thickener and is concentrated;

(3) supernatant liquor that overflows from thickener top send cleaning section to carry out operation, and underflow enters another group fluidizing reactor again to carry out acid fluidization once more and leach, and acid leaching ore pulp carries out full ore pulp press filtration, and filtrate is sent to ball mill and is done and size mixing, and filter residue is stored up.

Technical scheme of the present invention also comprises: the auxiliary material that ore pulp enters pre-immersion trough adding is Manganse Dioxide, sulfuric acid and waste electrolyte, and the extraction temperature of fluidizing reactor is 50 ℃～95 ℃.

Technique scheme of the present invention can reach following effect:

(1) production cost is low.Just can replace six φ 3400 * 4600 mechanical agitating tanks of the prior art with two cover fluidizing reactors, and can save wherein mechanism, airduct, steam heating tube etc., the investment of minimizing equipment.

(2) the leaching rate height of zinc.Ore pulp is adverse current with the flow direction of acid in fluidizing reactor, and formed weak, in, three zones of strong acid, the coarse particles ore deposit falls into the strong acid district, middle particle ore deposit falls into acid and distinguishes, the fine particle ore deposit falls into the weak acid district, make reaction more complete, because the reaction times is shorter, so the high silicon composition in the ore deposit leaches seldom, also just solved clarification, the problem of liquid-solid separation difficulty has improved the leaching rate of zinc, has reduced the loss of zinc.

(3) easily realize production process serialization, automatization.

The concrete real mode of dragging

Embodiment 1

Crushing raw ore is become particle diameter 0.5mm～20mm, enter ball mill and size mixing, ore pulp enters pre-immersion trough and adds auxiliary material Manganse Dioxide, sulfuric acid and waste electrolyte, and preimpregnation is after 30 minutes, and ore pulp is evenly put into medial launder from the bottom.With pump ore pulp is pumped into the top of the fluidizing reactor of taper again, simultaneously, with pump acid solution is pumped into the formation fluidize bed from the fluidizing reactor bottom and leach, in leaching process, the reaction heat that utilizes reaction to produce is heated with the steam in the pre-immersion trough and is replenished mutually, guarantees that extraction temperature is at 60 ℃.The reaction leach liquor directly overflows from the overflow port on fluidizing reactor top, flows into the neutralizer neutralization, when the pH of leach liquor value reaches 4.5, is sent to thickener and concentrates.The supernatant liquor that overflows from thickener top send cleaning section to carry out operation, and underflow enters another group fluidizing reactor again and carries out acid fluidization leaching once more, and acid leaching ore pulp carries out full ore pulp press filtration, and filtrate is sent to ball mill and is sized mixing, and filter residue is stored up.

Embodiment 2

Crushing raw ore is become particle diameter 0.5mm～20mm, enter ball mill and size mixing, ore pulp enters pre-immersion trough and adds auxiliary material Manganse Dioxide, sulfuric acid and waste electrolyte, and preimpregnation is after 40 minutes, and ore pulp is evenly put into medial launder from the bottom.With pump ore pulp is pumped into the top of the fluidizing reactor of taper again, simultaneously, with pump acid solution is pumped into the formation fluidize bed from the fluidizing reactor bottom and leach, in leaching process, the reaction heat that utilizes reaction to produce is heated with the steam in the pre-immersion trough and is replenished mutually, guarantees that extraction temperature is at 70 ℃.The reaction leach liquor directly overflows from the overflow port on fluidizing reactor top, pumps into the neutralizer neutralization, when the pH of leach liquor value reaches 5.0, is sent to thickener and concentrates.The supernatant liquor that overflows from thickener top send cleaning section to carry out operation, and underflow enters another group fluidizing reactor again and carries out acid fluidization leaching once more, and acid leaching ore pulp carries out full ore pulp press filtration, and filtrate is sent to ball mill and is sized mixing, and filter residue is stored up.

Embodiment 3

Crushing raw ore is become particle diameter 0.5mm～20mm, enter ball mill and size mixing, ore pulp enters pre-immersion trough and adds auxiliary material Manganse Dioxide, sulfuric acid and waste electrolyte, and preimpregnation is after 45 minutes, and ore pulp is evenly put into medial launder from the bottom.With pump ore pulp is pumped into the top of the fluidizing reactor of taper again, simultaneously, with pump acid solution is pumped into the formation fluidize bed from the fluidizing reactor bottom and leach, in leaching process, the reaction heat that utilizes reaction to produce is heated with the steam in the pre-immersion trough and is replenished mutually, guarantees that extraction temperature is at 82 ℃.The reaction leach liquor directly overflows from the overflow port on fluidizing reactor top, pumps into the neutralizer neutralization, when the pH of leach liquor value reaches 5.2, is sent to thickener and concentrates.The supernatant liquor that overflows from thickener top send cleaning section to carry out operation, and underflow enters another group fluidizing reactor again and carries out acid fluidization leaching once more, and acid leaching ore pulp carries out full ore pulp press filtration, and filtrate is sent to ball mill and is sized mixing, and filter residue is stored up.

Be the contrast of several indexs of the present invention and mechanical mixing method below, the raw ore that is utilized is quartz sand lithotype zinc oxide ore.

1, productive capacity contrast

Classification	Leaching yield %	Leach rate of recovery %	Slag contains zinc %
				The fluidization method	93.35	84.16	5.3
Mechanical mixing method	92.25	82.34	6.54

2, concentrate the quality contrast

Classification	The supernatant liquor quality	Filter effect
			The fluidization method	Limpid	Better
Mechanical mixing method	Sometimes muddy, limpid sometimes	Generally

3, cost contrast

Classification	The capital construction cost	Production cost	Maintenance cost
				The fluidization method	300,000 yuan	Low	30,000 yuan/year
Mechanical mixing method	5,000,000 yuan	High	450,000 yuan/year

Annotate: the two all is 20,000 tons/year a industrial scale in the above contrast, original 6 agitator motors during the earphone tool stirs and produces, and every power 22kw, move 24 hours every day continuously, and year production was by 300 days, but brownout in every year 950400kw.h of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of zinc oxide raw ore fluidization extract technology is characterized in that:

(1) raw ore goes into to carry out fine grinding in the ball mill and size mixing through fragmentation is laggard, and ore pulp enters pre-immersion trough and adds auxiliary material Manganse Dioxide, sulfuric acid and waste electrolyte, evenly puts into medial launder from the bottom, ore pulp is pumped into the top of the fluidizing reactor of taper with pump;

(2) utilizing pump that acid solution is pumped into the formation fluidize bed from the fluidizing reactor bottom leaches, reacted leach liquor overflows from the overflow port on fluidizing reactor top, the neutralization of inflow neutralizer when the pH of leach liquor value reaches 4.5～5.4, is sent to thickener and is concentrated;

(3) supernatant liquor that overflows from thickener top send cleaning section to carry out operation, and underflow enters another group fluidizing reactor again to carry out acid fluidization once more and leach, and acid leaching ore pulp carries out full ore pulp press filtration, and filtrate is sent to ball mill and is done and size mixing, and filter residue is stored up.

2, by the described zinc oxide raw ore of claim 1 fluidization extract technology, it is characterized in that: the extraction temperature of fluidizing reactor is 50 ℃～95 ℃.