CN1302865C - Kitchen refuse disposal system - Google Patents
Kitchen refuse disposal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1302865C CN1302865C CNB2004100457386A CN200410045738A CN1302865C CN 1302865 C CN1302865 C CN 1302865C CN B2004100457386 A CNB2004100457386 A CN B2004100457386A CN 200410045738 A CN200410045738 A CN 200410045738A CN 1302865 C CN1302865 C CN 1302865C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a garbage disposal system capable of reducing the load on a public sewage treatment plant by accurately treating water content separated from garbage through a solid-liquid separator. This garbage disposal system 1 comprises a disposer 42 for crushing the garbage, a pump 41 for conveying the crushed garbage with conveying water, the solid-liquid separator 10 for separating the water content from the garbage conveyed by the pump 41, and a garbage treatment unit 46 for treating the solid content separated through the solid-liquid separator 10. The garbage disposal system 1 further comprises a membrane separation activated sludge unit 48 for reducing an organic substance in the water separated from the garbage through the solid-liquid separator 10 and subsequently separating sludge from the water.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a kitchen waste disposal system for crushing kitchen waste discharged from a small area such as a restaurant, an apartment building, or a commercial/residential dual-purpose building and then conveying the crushed kitchen waste with conveying water to dispose the crushed kitchen waste.
Background
In a conventional kitchen waste disposal system, kitchen waste generated in a kitchen of a restaurant, an apartment, or the like is, for example, crushed by a kitchen waste crusher installed in the kitchen, temporarily stored in a storage tank (a tank), and then transferred to a solid-liquid separation device by means of transfer water and a pump. Then, the kitchen waste conveyed to the solid-liquid separation device is separated into a solid component and water, and the solid component is subjected to a heating treatment by using a fermentation type kitchen waste treatment machine into which aerobic microorganisms are introduced or by introducing the solid component into a combustion furnace (see patent document 1).
On the other hand, the water separated by the solid-liquid separator is sent to a purification tank, and after removing oil and solid components that have not been cleaned by the solid-liquid separator, the water is discharged to a public sewer.
Patent document 1: japanese unexamined patent publication No. 6-245804
However, the water separated by the solid-liquid separator is a transport water mixed with the kitchen waste and a moisture discharged from the kitchen waste, and therefore contains a lot of organic substances. Therefore, when water containing a large amount of the organic matter (hereinafter referred to as organic wastewater) is discharged to a public sewage as such, a large burden is imposed on a public sewage treatment facility, which is problematic
Further, since the septictank disposed before discharging the organic waste water to the sewage is constituted by a relatively large settling tank, the system itself is bulky, and there is a problem that it is difficult to secure a sufficient installation area.
Disclosure of Invention
The kitchen waste disposal system of the present invention comprises: a crushing mechanism for crushing the kitchen waste, a conveying mechanism for conveying the crushed kitchen waste by conveying water, a solid-liquid separation mechanism for separating water from the kitchen waste conveyed by the conveying mechanism, and a kitchen waste treatment mechanism for treating the solid component separated by the solid-liquid separation mechanism, and further comprising: organic matter reduction treatment means for reducing organic matter in the water to be treated by using the water separated from the kitchen waste by the solid-liquid separation means as the water to be treated, and separating sludge from the water to be treated by the organic matter reduction treatment means. The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the separation treatment means is a filtration treatment means comprising a microporous membrane, and the water to be treated is sucked through the microporous membrane while cleaning the microporous membrane by aeration.
The kitchen garbage disposal system according to claim 3, wherein the microporous membrane is an impregnable flat membrane.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 4 is characterized in that the water to be treated separated from the sludge by the separation treatment means is used as reuse water in each of the above inventions.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 5 is characterized in thatthe reuse water is used as the transport water in the invention.
In the kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 6, in each of the inventions, the kitchen waste disposal means biologically treats the solid matter and the sludge separated by the separation treatment means is treated by the kitchen waste disposal means.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 7 is characterized in that the electrochemical treatment means for electrochemically treating the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the separation treatment means is provided after the separation treatment means in each of the above inventions.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 8, wherein said electrochemical treatment means performs denitrification and/or dephosphorization of said water to be treated by an electrochemical method.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 9 of the invention according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the electrochemical treatment means electrochemically decolorizes and/or sterilizes the water to be treated.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 10 is the kitchen waste disposal system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an electrolyzed water adding means is provided after the separation treatment means, and the electrolyzed water adding means adds electrolyzed water electrochemically treated to the water to be treated from which the sludge has been separated by the separation treatment means.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 11 is the kitchen waste disposal system according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the water to be treated by the electrochemical treatment means or the water to be treated to which the electrolyzed water is added by the electrolyzed water adding means is usedas the transport water.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 12 is the kitchen waste disposal system according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the water to be treated by the electrochemical treatment means or the electrolyzed water from the electrolyzed water adding means is caused to flow in a counter current in the microporous membrane.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 13, wherein said water to be treated from which sludge has been separated by said separation treatment means, said water to be treated by said electrochemical treatment means, or said water to be treated to which said electrolyzed water has been added by said electrolyzed water adding means is used as water to be distributed to said kitchen waste disposal means.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 14, wherein the total concentration of chlorine in the water distributed to the kitchen waste disposal means is 1.5ppm or more and 100ppm or less.
The kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 15, wherein the separation treatment means is provided with grease removing means for removing grease from the water to be treated in front of the separation treatment means.
The invention is provided with a crushing mechanism for crushing the kitchen garbage; a conveying mechanism for conveying the crushed kitchen waste by using water; a solid-liquid separation mechanism for separating water from the kitchen waste conveyed by the conveying mechanism; in the kitchen waste treatment system of the kitchen waste treatment means for treating the solid components separated by the solid-liquid separation means, the water separated from the kitchen waste by the solid-liquid separation means is used as the water to be treated, and the organic matter reducing treatment means for reducing the organic matter in the water to be treated is provided, so that the organic matter in the water to be treated can be effectively treated.
Further, in the kitchen waste disposal system according to the present invention, since the separation treatment means for separating sludge from the water to be treated which has been subjected to the reduction treatment by the organic matter reduction treatment means is provided, the sludge generated during the treatment by the organic matter reduction treatment means can be reliably separated, and only the water to be treated can be discharged to the outside, so that the load on the public sewage treatment facility can be reduced.
Further, according to the present invention, since a large-scale purification facility for precipitating the water to be treated is not required, the system can be downsized.
According to the invention of claim 2, in the above invention, since the separation treatment means is a filtration treatment means comprising a microporous membrane, and the separation treatment means passes through the microporous membrane comprising the impregnated flat membrane as in the invention of claim 3 by sucking the water to be treated while cleaning the microporous membrane by aeration, the solid content and the moisture of the sludge can be efficiently separated by the microporous membrane. In particular, since the microporous membrane is cleaned by aeration and the water to be treated is sucked and filtered, the clogging of the microporous membrane can be prevented and stable water to be treated can be filtered. Therefore, the water to be treated can be operated for a long period of time even in the high-concentration sludge, and the filtration efficiency can be improved. Further, since the microporous film is composed of an impregnable flat film, maintenance efficiency and durability can be improved.
According to the invention of claim 4, in each of the above inventions, the water to be treated from which the sludge has been separated by the separation means is used as the transport water as in the invention of claim 5 or as reuse water such as counter-current washing water for washing the separation means, and therefore, effective use of water can be achieved, and water resources can be saved.
According to the invention of claim 6, in each of the above inventions, the kitchen waste disposal means biologically disposes the solid matter and the sludge separated by the separation treatment means is treated by the kitchen waste disposal means, so that the discharge amount of the sludge required for the industrial waste treatment can be reduced. Thereby achieving a reduction in operating costs.
In the invention according to claim 7, in each of the inventions, the electrochemical treatment means for electrochemically treating the water to be treated from which the sludge has been separated by the separation treatment means is provided downstream of the separation treatment means, and therefore, the nitrogen in the form of nitric acid or ammonia nitrogen in the water to be treated is reduced to nitrogen gas by an oxidizing agent such as a hypohalous acid generated in the water to be treated by the electrochemical treatment means, and at the same time, the water to be treated can be sterilized and disinfected.
Thus, the treated water can be discharged to the outside in a more sanitary ideal state.
According to the invention of claim 8, in the above invention, since the electrochemical treatment means electrochemically denitrifies and/or dephosphorizes the water to be treated, nitrogen compounds and/or phosphorus compounds in the water to be treated can be effectively treated, and the water to be treated can be discharged to the outside in an environmentally friendly and desirable state.
In the inventionaccording to claim 9, in the invention according to claim 7 or 8, since the electrochemical treatment means electrochemically decolorizes and/or sterilizes the water to be treated, the water can be discharged to the outside in a sanitary ideal state.
According to the invention of claim 10, in any one of the inventions 1 to 6, since the separation treatment means is provided with electrolytic water addition means for adding the electrochemically treated electrolytic water to the water to be treated from which the sludge has been separated by the separation treatment means, the water to be treated can be sterilized and disinfected by the electrolytic water. So that the treated water can be discharged to the outside in a sanitary ideal state.
According to the invention of claim 11, in the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 10, the water to be treated by the electrochemical treatment means or the water to be treated to which the electrolyzed water is added by the electrolyzed water adding means is used as the transport water, so that water in a sanitary ideal state can be effectively used as the transport water, and water resources can be saved.
According to the invention of claim 12, in the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 11, since the water to be treated by the electrochemical treatment means or the electrolyzed water from the electrolyzed water adding means is caused to flow in a reverse direction through the microporous membrane, the sludge adhering to the microporous membrane can be peeled off by the electrolyzed water after the electrolytic treatment. Therefore, the reuse of the microporous membrane can be achieved, and thus the filtration efficiency of the microporous membrane can be improved.
In the above inventions according to claim 13, the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the separation treatment means, the water to be treated by the electrochemical treatment means, or the water to be treated to which the electrolyzed water is added by the electrolyzed water adding means is used as the water to be distributed to the kitchen garbage treatment means, and therefore, the water required in the kitchen garbage treatment means can be effectively used without using special city water. Thus, water resource saving can be achieved.
According to the invention of claim 14, in the above invention, since the total concentration of chlorine in the water distributed to the kitchen waste disposal means is set to 1.5ppm or more and 100ppm or less, even if biological treatment using microorganisms is performed in the kitchen waste disposal means, for example, it is possible to prevent the microorganisms from being killed by all chlorine such as bound chlorine and free chlorine contained in the water distributed to the kitchen waste disposal means and to reduce the treatment efficiency.
In the invention according to claim 15, in each of the above inventions, the separation treatment means is provided with the grease removal means for removing grease from the water to be treated, and therefore the grease removal treatment of the water to be treated can be performed before the separation treatment means performs the treatment. Therefore, the oil and fat in the water to be treated can be prevented from clogging the microporous membrane constituting the separation treatment mechanism and causing a reduction in the separation treatment efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a simplified diagram of a kitchen waste disposal system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the membrane-separated activated sludge apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a microporous membrane disposed on a membrane-separated activated sludge apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a simplified diagram of a kitchen waste disposal system according to another embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of an electrolytic processing device according to another embodiment.
In the figure: 1. 70-kitchen waste treatment system, 10-solid-liquid separation device, 22-water treatment tank, 24-microporous membrane, 26-pump, 28-blower, 40-kitchen waste opening, 41-pump, 42-kitchen waste crusher (crushing mechanism), 46-kitchen waste treatment machine (kitchen waste treatment mechanism), 48-membrane separation activated sludge device, 49, 80-electrolytic treatment device (electrochemical treatment mechanism), 52, 53, 83, 84, 85-electrode, 54, 86-power supply, 58-regeneration water tank, 71-grease separator (grease trap).
Detailed Description
The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a kitchen waste treatment system capable of reliably treating water separated by a solid-liquid separation device and reducing the load on public sewage treatment facilities. An embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below based on the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a kitchen waste disposal system 1 according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a membrane separation activated sludge device 48, and fig. 3 is a partially cut-away perspective view of a microporous membrane 24 disposed in the membrane separation activated sludge device 48.
The kitchen waste disposal system 1 of the present embodiment is a disposal system for disposing kitchen waste, for example, kitchen waste discharged from a kitchen of a hotel or restaurant, and other organic foreign matter, and in the present embodiment, a description will be given of a case where kitchen waste discharged from a kitchen waste outlet 40 provided in a kitchen of a restaurant or a cafeteria is disposed.
The kitchen waste disposal system 1 includes: a kitchen waste crusher 42 as a crushing mechanism for crushing kitchen waste; a pump (conveying mechanism) 41 for conveying the crushed kitchen waste with conveying water; a solid-liquid separator (solid-liquid separation means) 10 for separating water from the kitchen waste conveyed by the pump 41; a kitchen waste disposal means (kitchen waste disposal means) 46 for disposing of the solid matter separated by the solid-liquid separator 10; a membrane separation activated sludge device (organic matter reduction treatment means and separation treatment means) 48 for treating the water separated by the solid-liquid separation device 10 as water to be treated; an electrolytic treatment device 49 for treating the water treated by the membrane separation activated sludge device 48 by an electrochemical method; a regenerated water tank 58 for storing regenerated water that is treated by the electrolytic treatment device 49 and can be used as neutral water.
The kitchen waste crusher 42 crushes the kitchen waste discharged from the kitchen waste outlet 40, and the kitchen waste crushed by the kitchen waste crusher 42 is temporarily stored in the pump tank 44 together with the transport water supplied from the city water or the like. The pump 41 is provided in the pump tank 44, and when a predetermined amount of the kitchen waste and the transport water are stored in the pump tank 41, the kitchen waste and the transport water can be transported to the solid-liquid separation apparatus 10 by the pump 41.
The solid-liquid separator 10is a device for separating conveyed kitchen waste and conveyed water into solid components and water, and is composed of a casing 12 having an opening on the upper surface thereof, a metal treatment tank 14 provided in the casing 12, a dewatering tank 16, and the like. The treatment tank 14 is in the form of a bottomed cylinder having an upper opening, and the upper opening is openably and closably covered by a lid, not shown, which is rotatably supported on the upper portion of the casing 12. The dewatering tank 16 is in the form of a bottomed cylinder having an open upper surface, and is rotatably provided at a distance from the inner wall of the treatment tank 14, like the treatment tank 14. Further, a plurality of small holes 17 for preventing the solid components from passing therethrough and allowing only water to pass therethrough are formed in the side surface of the dewatering tank 16.
A driving device 18 is provided at a lower portion of the case 12. The rotation shaft 18A of the driving device 18 penetrates the treatment tank 14 and is connected to the center of the bottom of the dewatering tank 16. By operating the driving device 18, the dewatering tub 16 rotates, and a part or most of the moisture adhering to the solid content housed in the dewatering tub 16 or the moisture contained in the solid content is separated by centrifugal force. Then, the solid component whose moisture is separated by the centrifugal separation is sent to the kitchen garbage disposer 46.
The kitchen waste disposer 46 is constituted by a not-shown treatment tank having a not-shown agitator therein, and aerobic microorganisms for decomposing organic matter are accommodated in the treatment tank. The kitchen waste disposer 46 is provided with an aeration device, not shown, for introducing air into the treatment tank, and the aeration device is operated to introduce air into the treatment tank, thereby promoting aerobic microbial activity in the treatment tank.
On the other hand, a drain port, not shown, for discharging moisture separated from the solid matter is formed in the bottom of the treatment tank 14, and a drain pipe 19 connected to the drain port penetrates the tank 12 and is connected to the membrane separation activated sludge device 48.
The membrane separation activated sludge device 48 performs a filtration process on water (water to be treated) separated from the solid components of the kitchen waste in the solid-liquid separation device 10, that is, on organic matter in the organic waste water with kitchen waste in which a part of the organic matter contained in the kitchen waste is dissolved or floated, and on water for conveyance for conveying the kitchen waste from the kitchen waste crusher 42 to the solid-liquid separation device 10.
Here, the membrane-separated activated sludge apparatus 48 will be described with reference to fig. 2. The membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 48 includes: a water treatment tank 22 in which aerobic microorganisms (organic matter reduction treatment means), not shown, are housed; a plurality of microporous membranes 24 disposed in the water treatment tank 22; a pump 26 for pumping the treated water treated by the microporous membrane 24; and a blower 28 provided below the water treatment tank 22 for applying a swirling flow to the microporous membrane 24 and supplying air to the aerobic microorganisms in the water treatment tank 22.
The microporous membrane 24 is an impregnated flat membrane, and as shown in FIG. 3, it is composed of membrane bodies 30, 30 forming the front and rear faces, and a frame body 33 surrounding the periphery of these membrane bodies 30, 30. The membrane bodies 30, 30 are formed with partition plates 32, 32 and a support 34 inside, and a water collection outlet 36 for communicating with the membrane bodies 30, 30 andconnecting to the suction pump 26 is formed at the upper part of the frame 33.
Here, the membrane bodies 30 and 30 are membrane members having pores with a predetermined diameter or less, and oil, particles, bacteria, and the like contained in the water to be treated cannot pass therethrough but can permeate water. Accordingly, the membrane body 30 separates oil, fine particles, bacteria, and the like in the water to be treated, and only the water absorbed into the membrane body 30 reaches the water collection outlet 36 formed at the upper portion of the microporous membrane 24.
Further, a blower 28 provided below the water treatment tank 22 supplies air bubbles into the water treatment tank 22. Such bubbles are supplied to the aerobic microorganisms accommodated in the water treatment tank 22, and organic matter in the water to be treated in the water treatment tank 22 is decomposed into nitrogen in a nitric state, nitrogen in a nitrous state, nitrogen in an ammonia state, and the like by the activated aerobic microorganisms. In this case, the organic matter is decomposed by aerobic microorganisms to produce sludge.
The bubbles of the water to be treated supplied from the blower 28 are turned into a swirling flow, and the fine particles adhering to the surface of the microporous membrane 24 are subjected to aeration cleaning. In this way, since the microporous membrane 24 is cleaned by aeration and water in the water to be treated is simply sucked and passed through the membrane 33, the clogging of the micropores of the membrane 30 is suppressed and stable filtration treatment can be performed. Therefore, the filter can be operated for a long period of time in high-concentration drainage, and the filtration efficiency can be improved.
A return port 29 for returning sludge generated by decomposing organic substances in the water to be treated with aerobic microorganisms to the kitchen garbage disposer 46 is formed in the bottom of the water treatment tank 22, and a return pipe 38 connected to the return port 29 is connected to the kitchen garbage disposer 46.
On the other hand, a drain pipe for supplying the water to be treated to the electrolytic treatment device 49 is connected to the pump 26, and the water to be treated is sucked into the membrane body 30 and collected in the water collection outlet 36 formed in the upper portion of the microporous membrane 24.
The electrolytic processing device 49 is constituted by: a treatment tank 51 constituting a treatment chamber 50 having an inflow port and an outflow port of water to be treated, not shown, therein; a pair of electrodes 52, 53 disposed in opposition to each other with at least a part thereof immersed in the water to be treated in the treatment chamber 50; a power supply 54 for energizing the electrodes 52, 52 and a control device, not shown, for controlling the power supply 54.
The electrodes 52 and 53 are made of, for example, a noble metal electrode such as platinum (Pt) or a mixture of platinum and iridium (Ir), or an insoluble conductor covering these electrodes. A pipe 57 provided through the pump 56 is connected to the treatment tank 51, and the pipe 57 is connected to the outside or a regeneration water tank 58 through a valve device, not shown.
Next, the operation of the kitchen garbage disposal system 1 of the present embodiment will be described. The kitchen waste discharged from the kitchen waste port 40 is transferred to the kitchen waste crusher 42. The kitchen waste in the kitchen waste mill 42 is ground and stored in the pump tank 44 together with the transport water. A predetermined amount of the kitchen waste and the transport water stored in the storage tank 44 are sent to the liquid-solid separation device 10 by the pump 41 and the transport water.
The liquid-solid separation apparatus 10 is driven by a drive device 18 to rotate the dewatering tank 16. By this rotation, a part of the water adhering to the solid components of the kitchen waste or the retained water of the kitchen waste stored in the dewatering tub 16 is separated to the outside treatment tub 14 side through the dewatering tub 16 by a centrifugal force. The moisture moved into the treatment tank 14 is discharged to the outside of the tank 12 through a drain 19 not shown.
On the one hand, the solid components of the kitchen waste dewatered by centrifugal force for a predetermined time are then sent to the kitchen waste disposer 46. The solid components of the kitchen garbage sent to the kitchen garbage disposer 46 are subjected to a biological decomposition treatment or a thermal drying treatment by aerobic microorganisms.
On the other hand, the water discharged from the solid-liquid separator 10 and the kitchen waste disposer 46 reaches the water treatment tank 22 of the membrane separation activated sludge device 48 as the water to be treated. If the blower 28 and the pump 26 are operated by the membrane separation activated sludge device 48 through a control device not shown, only the moisture in the water to be treated is sucked into the membrane body 30 of the microporous membrane 24.
Since aerobic microorganisms are contained in the water treatment tank 22, bubbles (air) are supplied to the water to be treated by the blower 28, and the organic matter in the water to be treated in the water treatment tank 22 is subjected to a reduction treatment by the activated aerobic microorganisms, and decomposed into nitrogen in a nitric acid state, nitrogen in a nitrous acid state, nitrogen in an ammonia state, or the like. In addition, at this time, the organic matter is decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms to produce sludge. Then, the pump 26is operated to attach sludge, particles, bacteria, or the like contained in the water to be treated to the surface of the microporous membrane 24.
The water absorbed into the membrane body 30 of the microporous membrane 24 is purified by the membrane body 30, then reaches the water collection outlet 36 via the separator 32 and the support 34, is sent to the electrolytic treatment device 49 via the drain pipe 39 by the pump 26, and is stored in the treatment chamber 50.
An electrolytic processing device 49 for storing water to be processed in a processing chamber 50 is powered on by a control device 54, and a positive potential is applied to an electrode 52 and a negative potential is applied to an electrode 53. Thus, the electrode 52 serves as an anode and the electrode 53 serves as a cathode.
By applying such a potential, electrons generated on the side of the electrode 52 constituting the anode are supplied to the side of the electrode 53 constituting the cathode, and nitrate ions of nitrogen in the nitric acid state in the water to be treated generated by decomposition of organic substances in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 48 are reduced to nitrite ions (reaction a). Then, the nitric acid ammonia reduced to nitrite ions is supplied with electrons on the side of the electrode 53 constituting the cathode until it is reduced to ammonia (ammonia ions) (B reaction). The A reaction and the B reaction are shown below.
A reaction
B reaction
On the other hand, the chloride ions contained in the water to be treated on the side of the electrode 52 constituting the anode emit electrons to generate chlorine gas (reaction C). Then, the chlorine gas is dissolved in water to generate hypochlorous acid which is a hypohalogen acid (reaction D). The generated hypochlorous acid reacts with the generated ammonia (ammonia ions) in the membrane separation activated sludge device 48, and is changed into nitrogen gas after a plurality of chemical changes (E reaction). Shown below are reactions C through E. At this time, ozone or oxygen radicals are also simultaneously generated.
Reaction C
Reaction D
Reaction E
Further, ammonia (ammonia ions) in the water to be treated and ozone or oxygen radicals generated on the side of the electrode 52 constituting the anode react as shown by reaction F, whereby nitrogen can be denitrified into nitrogen gas.
Reaction F
The nitric acid nitrogen in the water to be treated fed into the treatment tank 51 is electrochemically reduced to nitrogen gas, and is fed as regeneration water (neutral water) into the regeneration water tank 58 or to the outside by the pump 56. The reclaimed water stored in the reclaimed water tank 58 is reused as transport water for transporting the kitchen garbage crushed by the kitchen garbage crusher 42. Then, the same cycle is repeated again with the reused regeneration water, and the water is stored in the regeneration water tank 58. Therefore, water can be effectively used, and water resources can be saved.
The sludge, oil, particles, bacteria, and the like adhering to the surface of the microporous membrane 24 are removed from the microporous membrane 24 by the aeration cleaning with air bubbles generated by the blower, float in the water treatment tank 22, and settle to the lower part of the water treatment tank 22. Then, the sludge, oil, particles, bacteria, and the like are sent to the kitchen garbage disposer 46 through the return pipe 38, and are treated together with the solid components separated by the solid-liquid separator 10. Thus, the amount of sludge discharged for industrial waste treatment can be reduced, and the running cost can be reduced.
In addition, when the water is not cleaned by aeration cleaning with the blower 28 and adheres to the surface of the microporous membrane 24, the water to be treated by the electrolytic treatment device 49 is allowed to flow back in the microporous membrane 24. The water to be treated by the electrolytic treatment device 49 contains an oxidizing agent such as a hypohalous acid, and thus the sludge attached to the surface of the microporous membrane 24 is peeled off by flowing into the microporous membrane 24. Therefore, the microporous membrane 24 can be reused, so that the filtration efficiency of the microporous membrane 24 can be improved. In addition, in the present embodiment, since the microporous film 24 is formed of an impregnated flat film, the maintenance workability and the durability can be improved.
In the present invention described in detail above, the water separated from the kitchen waste by the solid-liquid separator 10 is used as the water to be treated, the organic matter in the water to be treated is reduced by aerobic microorganisms in the activated sludge device 48, and the water to be treated by the aerobic microorganisms is separated from the solid matter such as sludge by the microporous membrane 24, so that the organic matter in the water separated from the kitchen waste can be effectively treated, and the load on the public sewage treatment facility can be reduced.
Therefore, since a large-scale purification facility for precipitating and treating the water separated from the kitchen waste is not required as in the conventional case, the system can be miniaturized.
Further, since the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the microporous membrane 24 is electrochemically treated by the electrolytic treatment device 49, the nitric acid nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen in the water to be treated can be reduced to ammonia gas by the oxidizing agent such as a hypohalous acid generated in the water to be treated, and the water to be treated can be decolorized, sterilized, and sterilized. Therefore, the treated water can be discharged to the outside in a more sanitary ideal state or used as reclaimed water. Therefore, the load on the public sewage treatment facility when the treated water is discharged to the outside can be further reduced
In the present embodiment, the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the microporous membrane 24 is electrochemically treated by the electrolytic treatment device 49, but in addition to this, electrolytic water containing an oxidizing agent such as a hypohalous acid is generated by a separate electrolytic water generation device and added to the water to be treated separated by the microporous membrane 24 by using a pump or the like, and the same effect can be obtained even with regenerated water. In this case, even when sludge which has not been removed by aeration cleaning is adhered to the surface of the microporous membrane 24, the sludge can be easily peeled off by allowing the electrolyzed water produced by a separate electrolyzed water producing apparatus to flow back into the microporous membrane 24.
In this case, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained by reusing the water to be treated to which the electrolyzed water generated by the separate electrolyzed water generating apparatus is added as reclaimed water (neutral water) as transport water for transporting the kitchen waste crushed by the kitchen waste crusher 42.
In the case of the above embodiment described in detail, the electrolytic water generated by the electrolytic water generator separately provided may be further added to the treatment tank 50 of the electrolytic treatment device 49. In this way, the water to be treated can be further sterilized or sterilized, and sanitary recycled water can be produced.
In the present embodiment, the water to be treated after the electrolytic treatment device 49 is treated by the reclaimed water to which the electrolyzed water generated by the separate electrolyzed water generation device is added and is used for transporting the kitchen waste crushed by the kitchen waste crusher 42, but in addition to this, the water to be treated by the membrane separation activated sludge device 48 may be used for transporting the kitchen waste crushed by the kitchen waste crusher 42, for counter-current cleaning of the microporous membrane 24 of the membrane separation activated sludge device 48, or the like as the recycled water. Thus, water can be effectively utilized, and water resources can be saved.
Next, a kitchen garbage disposal system 70 according to another embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 4. Also, in fig. 4, the same or similar effects are obtained using the same reference numerals as in fig. 1. The kitchen waste disposal system 70 of this embodiment is provided with, between the solid-liquid separation device 10 and the membrane separation activated sludge device 48 of the above-described embodiment, water (water to be treated) separated from the solid components of the kitchen waste in the solid-liquid separation device 10, that is, transport water for transporting the kitchen waste from the kitchen waste crusher 42 to the solid-liquid separation device 10, and a fat separator 71 (fat removal means) for removing fat contained in the water contained in the kitchen waste.
The grease trap 71 is composed of: a storage tank 72 for storing the water (water to be treated) separated by the solid-liquid separator 10; partition walls 73 and 74 partitioning the upper part of the storage tank 72 into a plurality of processing chambers (3 chambers in the present embodiment); a delivery pipe 75 for sucking up the water to be treated in the lower part of the storage tank 72 or selectively making it naturally flow down behind the partition wall 74.
With this configuration, when the water to be treated separated in the solid-liquid separator 10 is transferred to the storage tank 72 of the oil-fat separator 71, oil contained in the water to be treated floats above the storage tank 72 due to a difference in specific gravity, and is captured in stages by the partition walls 73, 73. The oil trapped by the partition walls 73, 73 is removed by maintenance work. Then, the water to be treated at the lower part of the oil-removed storage tank 72 is transferred to the following membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 48 via a transfer pipe 75.
As described above, in the present embodiment, since the oil in the water to be treated can be removed at the front end of the membrane separation activated sludge device 48, it is possible to prevent the clogging of the microporous membrane 24 with the oil in the water to be treated and the decrease in the separation efficiency.
In this embodiment, in addition to the above-described embodiments, the water to be treated in the electrolytic treatment device 49 is distributed as reclaimed water (neutral water) by the pump 56 to the kitchen garbage disposer 46 having aerobic microorganisms. Thus, the treated water can be effectively used without using, in particular, city water or the like as water required by aerobic microorganisms in the kitchen garbage disposer 46. Therefore, water resource saving can be achieved.
At this time, the total concentration of chlorine in the water to be treated by the electrolytic treatment device 49, that is, the concentrations of the combined chlorine and the free chlorine of chloramine and the like, is in a state of being 1.5ppm to 100ppm, for example, in a state of being 3ppm to 5ppm, and the reclaimed water from the electrolytic treatment device 49 is sprayed to the kitchen garbage disposer 46. The total chlorine concentration is adjusted by detecting the total chlorine concentration in the water to be treated with a chlorine concentration detector, not shown, and controlling the current supplied to the electrodes 52, 53 of the electrolytic treatment device 49 based on the detected total chlorine concentration.
Thus, it is possible to prevent the bad situation that the treatment efficiency is lowered due to the fact that the reclaimed water containing chlorine at a high concentration kills aerobic microorganisms in the kitchen garbage disposer 46.
As another example, the electrolytic processing device 49 according to each of the above-described examples may be used as the electrolytic processing device 80 shown in FIG. 5. The electrolytic processing device 80 of this embodiment is constituted by: a treatment tank 82 constituting a treatment chamber 81 having an inflow port and an outflow port of water to be treated, not shown, therein; electrodes 83, 84, 85 configured to be at least partially immersed in the water to be treated in the treatment chamber 81; a power supply 86 for energizing the electrodes 83, 84, 85, a control device, not shown, for controlling the power supply 86, and the like.
The electrodes 83 and 84 are made of, for example, a noble metal electrode such as platinum (Pt) or a mixture of platinum and iridium (Ir), or an insoluble conductor covering these electrodes, as in the electrodes 52 and 53 of the above-described embodiments. The electrode 85 is made of iron (Fe) or a conductor coated with iron. A pipe 57 provided via the pump 56 is connected to the treatment tank 82, and the pipe 57 is connected to the outside or the regeneration water tank 58 via a valve device, not shown.
With this configuration, when the water to be treated is fed from the membrane separation activated sludge device 48 into the treatment chamber 81 of the electrolytic treatment device 80, the control device turns on the power supply 86 to apply a positive potential to the electrode 83 and a negative potential to the electrode 84. Thus, the electrode 83 serves as an anode and the electrode 84 serves as a cathode.
By applying this potential, as in the above-described example, electrons generated on the side of the electrode 52 constituting the anode are supplied to the side of the electrode 84 constituting the cathode, and nitrate ions, which are nitrogen in a nitric acid state in the water to be treated generated by decomposition of organic substances in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 48, are reduced to nitrite ions (reaction a). The nitric nitrogen reduced to nitrite ions is supplied with electrons on the side of the electrode 84 constituting the cathode and reduced to ammonia (amine ions) (reaction B).
On the other hand, on the side of the electrode 83 constituting the anode, chloride ions contained in the water to be treated release electrons to generate chlorine gas (reaction C). Then, the chlorine gas is dissolved in water to generate hypochlorous acid as a hypohalogen acid (reaction D). The generated hypochlorous acid reacts with ammonia (amine ions) generated in the membrane separation activated sludge device 48, and is changed into nitrogen gas after a plurality of chemical changes (E reaction). At this time, ozone or oxygen radicals are also simultaneously generated.
Further, ammonia (amine ions) in the water to be treated may be denitrified into nitrogen gas by the reaction shown by the reaction F between the ammonia and the ozone or oxygen radicals generated on the side of the electrode 83 constituting the anode as shown in the figure. Thus, the nitric acid-state nitrogen wine in the water to be treated fed into the treatment tank 82 is electrochemically reduced to nitrogen gas.
After the nitrogen compounds in the water to be treated are thus treated, the controller applies a positive potential to the electrode 85 and applies a negative potential to the electrode 83 or 84 (hereinafter, the electrode 83 is described as an example). Therefore, the electrode 85 serves as an anode and the electrode 83 serves as a cathode.
In this way, when the water to be treated is subjected to the electrolytic treatment as the electrochemical method, since the electrode 85 constituting the anode is made of iron or a material containing iron, iron (II) ions are dissolved in the water to be treated and oxidized into iron (III) ions in the water to be treated.
The generated iron (III) ions are coagulated and precipitated with phosphate ions in the water to be treated by the dephosphorization reaction shown in reaction G, and insoluble iron phosphate is generated in the water.
Reaction G
In this way, phosphate ions, which are phosphorus compounds contained in the water to be treated, can be precipitated by forming iron phosphate.
The water to be treated, which has been subjected to the denitrification/dephosphorization treatment in the treatment tank 82, is sent as reclaimed water (neutral water) from the pump 56 into or out of the reclaimed water tank 58.
Thus, according to the present embodiment, in addition to the above-described embodiments, since the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated from the microporous membrane 24 can be dephosphorized by the electrolysis treatment apparatus 80, the water to be treated can be discharged to the outside in a more environmentally friendly and desirable state. Therefore, when the treated water is discharged to the outside, the load on the public sewage treatment facility can be further reduced.
The solid-liquid separator 10 and the kitchen waste disposer 46 used in the above embodiments are not limited to these embodiments as long as the present invention can be implemented.
Claims (18)
1. A kitchen waste disposal system having: a crushing mechanism for crushing the kitchen waste, a conveying mechanism for conveying the crushed kitchen waste by conveying water, a solid-liquid separation mechanism for separating water from the kitchen waste conveyed by the conveying mechanism, and a kitchen waste treatment mechanism for treating the solid component separated by the solid-liquid separation mechanism, the kitchen waste treatment mechanism is characterized by further comprising:
organic matter reduction treatment means for treating the water separated from the kitchen waste by the solid-liquid separation means as water to be treated, reducing organic matter in the water to be treated, and
a separation treatment means for separating sludge from the water to be treated by the organic matter reduction treatment means,
the separation treatment means is a filtration treatment means comprising a microporous membrane, and the microporous membrane is cleaned by aeration while the water to be treated is sucked and passed through the microporous membrane.
2. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the microporous membrane is an impregnated planar membrane.
3. Kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the treated water from which the sludge is separated by the separation means is used as reuse water.
4. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 3, wherein: the reuse water is used as the transport water.
5. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the kitchen waste disposal means biologically treats solid components and disposes the sludge separated by the separation treatment means.
6. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: an electrochemical treatment means for electrochemically treating the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the separation treatment means is provided downstream of the separation treatment means.
7. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 6, wherein: the electrochemical treatment means performs denitrification and/or dephosphorization on the water to be treated by an electrochemical method.
8. Kitchen waste disposal system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the electrochemical treatment mechanism carries out decoloration and/or sterilization treatment on the water to be treated by an electrochemical method.
9. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: an electrolyzed water adding means for adding electrolyzed water electrochemically treated to the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the separation treatment means is provided after the separation treatment means.
10. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 6, wherein: the treated water treated by the electrochemical treatment means is used as the transport water.
11. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 9, wherein: the water to be treated to which the electrolyzed water is added by the electrolyzed water adding means is used as the transport water.
12. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 6, wherein: the treated water treated by the electrochemical treatment means is caused to flow in a counter current in the microporous membrane.
13. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 9, wherein: the electrolyzed water from the electrolyzed water addition mechanism is caused to flow in a counter current in the microporous membrane.
14. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the treated water from which the sludge is separated by the separation treatment means is used as water to be distributed to the kitchen garbage disposal means.
15. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 6, wherein: the treated water treated by the electrochemical treatment means is used as water to be distributed to the kitchen garbage treatment means.
16. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 9, wherein: the water to be treated to which the electrolyzed water is added by the electrolyzed water adding means is used as water to be dispersed in the kitchen garbage disposal means.
17. The kitchen waste disposal system of any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: the total chlorine concentration of the water sprayed into the kitchen garbage disposal means is set to be 1.5ppm to 100 ppm.
18. The kitchen waste disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the separation treatment means is provided with grease removal means for removing grease from the water to be treated in front of the separation treatment means.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003146363 | 2003-05-23 | ||
| JP2003146363 | 2003-05-23 | ||
| JP2004112845A JP2005007385A (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-04-07 | Garbage disposal system |
| JP2004112845 | 2004-04-07 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1572674A CN1572674A (en) | 2005-02-02 |
| CN1302865C true CN1302865C (en) | 2007-03-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004100457386A Expired - Fee Related CN1302865C (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-24 | Kitchen refuse disposal system |
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| JP (1) | JP2005007385A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1302865C (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4667909B2 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2011-04-13 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | Organic waste treatment method and equipment |
| JP4729388B2 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2011-07-20 | 株式会社フロム工業 | Wastewater treatment system drainage system |
| JP5062638B2 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-10-31 | 株式会社フロム工業 | Garbage disposal equipment |
| CN103302074B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2016-08-10 | 晓清环保科技股份有限公司 | One way of life process for treating garbage as resource |
| JP5889693B2 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2016-03-22 | 三機工業株式会社 | Immersion flat membrane element and membrane unit using immersion flat membrane element |
| JP5889694B2 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2016-03-22 | 三機工業株式会社 | Immersion flat membrane element and membrane unit using immersion flat membrane element |
| CN103316892A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-25 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Kitchen garbage recycling method and device thereof |
| CN103639180B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-10-28 | 西安洁姆环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of restaurant garbage treating system |
| CN105297845B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-12-29 | 蔡嘉诚 | A kind of kitchen cleaning device with rubbish from cooking processing |
| CN107583741B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-15 | 北京安康科创节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of Rare Earth Mine crushing and screening device |
| JP6712419B1 (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-06-24 | グレンカル・テクノロジー株式会社 | Processing device and processing method |
| CN110540303A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-12-06 | 陕西天仁雪农业科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste wastewater treatment method |
| CN111392279B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-24 | 同济大学 | Ecological intelligent collection method for household garbage for realizing clean epidemic prevention and resource utilization in source |
| CN112681463A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-20 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Garbage disposal device |
| CN112661345A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-16 | 宁波城市阳光环境建设工程有限公司 | MBR sewage treatment method and device based on ecological pool technology |
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| JP2005007385A (en) | 2005-01-13 |
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