CN1302770A - Multi-stage anaerobic-aerobic process for treating sewage - Google Patents
Multi-stage anaerobic-aerobic process for treating sewage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A multi-stage anaerobic-aerobic (A/O) process for treating sewage features that the anaerobic areas and aerobic areas are alternatively appeared to form 3-100 A/O periods which can make the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water be distributed near the sine/cosine curves, so that the active sludge can be used to alternatively realize nitration and denitration reactions. Its advantages are high cleaning efficiency, high power to remove N2, BOD and COD, stable procedure and raised impact load resistance.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of biological sewage treatment method, is multi-stage anaerobic-aerobic (hereinafter referred A/O) sewage water treatment method specifically.This method is a kind of sewage disposal particularly has the sewage disposal of particular requirement to denitrogenation Technology that is used for.
Biochemical technology is the particularly main utilisation technology of city domestic sewage processing of sewage disposal.The sewage disposal biochemical technology is again major technique with the activated sludge process at present, is divided into aerobic technology, anaerobism technology and double oxygen technology three major types according to condition activated sludge processes such as oxygen-supplying amounts.Aerobic technology is meant at the aerobic condition (treatment technology that dissolved oxygen is preponderated greater than 1～2mg/L) time aerobic bacteria and water pollutant is degraded; The anaerobism technology is meant at the following anerobe treatment technology of preponderating and water pollutant being degraded of anaerobic condition (dissolved oxygen is 0mg/L); The oxygen technology of holding concurrently is meant at oxygen condition (about dissolved oxygen 0.5mg/L) the double oxygen bacterium treatment technology of preponderating and water pollutant being degraded down of holding concurrently.Along with the development of technology, sewage treatment process with three big technology in conjunction with application, formed double oxygen-aerobic (A/O), the anaerobism-oxygen-aerobic multiple compounding technologys such as (A2O) of holding concurrently.Adopt these compounding technologys, mainly solve the demand of different occasion sewage disposals such as high loading, high density, high purification, reuse.The A/O sewage disposal technology, the main occasion that dephosphorization denitrification sewage disposal requirement is arranged of using, this is one of technology of mainly developing of municipal sewage treatment.A/O technology is the abbreviation of anaerobic-aerobic (Anoxic/Oxic) biological treatment system.A/O technology also has higher removal efficient to COD simultaneously by the nitrogen in the nitrification and denitrification reaction removal sewage of profitable strain.But this technology at the waste water A/O of different quality than the (ratio of the residence time of A section and O section, the volumetric ratio that is equivalent to A section and O section) value is different, this has just caused in the same processing structures, when water quality and quantity changes, treatment effect descends, capacity of resisting impact load poor (" biological wastewater treatment develops and puts into practice ", press of Northeastern University, P152: " it is generally acknowledged the waste water for good biodegradability; the denitrification rate of suspension growth system can reach 3～4 times of rate of nitrification, at this moment required A/O volumetric ratio is less.Yet for biodegradability relatively poor as coking chemical waste water, the A/O volumetric ratio that is adopted should be bigger."); In addition, though A/O technology is effectively to the removal of nitrogen, also slightly inadequate aspect efficient.
A/O technology is along with waste water advanced processing, and especially the raising of denitrogenation requirement occurs.Its biological denitrificaion of finishing mainly is made of two bioprocesss of nitrification and denitrification on mechanism.Waste water (aerobic section) under aerobic condition makes itrogenous organic substance be decomposed by bacteria to ammonia, under the effect of aerobic autotrophic type nitrite bacteria, further be converted into nitrite then, be converted into nitrate through aerobic autotrophic type nitrobacteria effect again, so far finished nitration reaction; Nitrate enters into (anoxic section) under the anoxia condition, under the effect of facultative different oxygen bacterium, utilize or part utilizes that original organism carbon source is electron donor in the waste water, substitute molecular oxygen with nitrate and make electron acceptor(EA), carry out anaerobic respiration, decompose organic matter, simultaneously, nitrogen in the nitrate is reduced into gaseous nitrogen, has so far finished anti-nitration reaction.A/O technology not only can obtain satisfied denitrification effect, and by above-mentioned anaerobic-aerobic cyclical operation, can obtain the clearance of higher COD (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)) equally.
A complete A/O technology is changed into several sections A/O/A/O technologies, and it is impossible once to think in academia.Reason is: in same processing structures, be difficult to realize the repeatedly alternative condition of A section and O section, because A section and O section are opposite and interactional, and under aerobic condition, can not realize that (as: set forth among " sewage water dephosphorization denitrification technology " P56: when dissolved oxygen concentration increased to 1mg/L, denitrification rate was zero) takes place simultaneously in the nitrification and denitrification reaction.
The unstable state theory that some scholars propose on the recent international is thought, unsteady state condition should be summed up in the point that influence to microorganism in the system to the influence of biological treatment system, comprise microorganism active, adapt to external environment (constantly changing) ability, have the aspects such as formation of the microorganism of specific function, and the treatment effect of system depends on these factors to a great extent.Propose as Stefan, " hunger " state of several hours can't cause the reduction of microorganism active, can stimulate the more and matrix picked-up involved enzyme of microorganisms on the contrary, also promptly from water, remove more, wider pollutent thereby under " being satiated with food " state, absorb; The research of Holland scholar Loosdrecht also proves, storing polymer in the microbe is a kind of universal phenomenon, only different its of condition acts on demonstration degree differences, it is a microorganism inherent ability, " hungry-be satiated with food " state is the important factor in order that excites and strengthen this ability, the technology that discloses and utilize wherein rule just might optimize to have now biologic treating technique or design to make new advances.Be suggested though unstable state is theoretical, only rest on microbiological conceptively, do not interrelate with actual.But supported that in theory multistage A/O technology is possible.And in the SBR technology research process of (sequencing batch type reactor-Sequencing BatchReactor is called for short SBR), some experts have also verified the possibility of nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction coexistence under aerobic conditions, and this also provides theoretical basis from another side for multistage A/O technology.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a new sewage water treatment method, it comprises multistage A/O technology.This method can improve the purification efficiency of sewage disposal, improves the ability of removing nitrogen and BOD, COD, makes sewage treatment process stablize, improve anti-shock loading.Cooperate traditional aerating apparatus or specific equipment-floated microporous aeration device (ZL98 2 04611.1), can realize energy-conservation and the reduction construction investment, utilize natural stream networks to realize sewage disposal, the improvement that the basin is polluted provides a kind of novel method.
The water resources of China is very nervous, and the occupancy volume per person occupies the 88th in the world.The whole nation has 2/3rds city to be in exsiccosis, and the rivers and lakes of drinking water intaking for people also because of the entering in a large number of sewage, cause eutrophication.Because the severe contamination in river directly has influence on the sustainable development of national economy.Country not only classifies sewage disposal as the most important thing of environmental pollution improvement, and will pay off the zone of great rivers and administer as government's target, will thoroughly change the Taihu Lake basin looks as 1998.There is large quantities of sewage undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time projects every year in China, and the sewage work that build in annual city is also increasing sharply.Be not difficult to find out the flourish impetus of wastewater treatment in China industry from these aspects, more can reflect the huge potential ability in this market.
Sewage work uses common A/O technology at present, as the core of secondary reinforcement biochemical processing process, also is the best part that consumes energy in the whole technology, and the power consumption of this link accounts for 70% of entire treatment factory energy consumption, accounts for 50% of sewage work's working cost.Therefore, adopt multistage A/O technology generations for traditional A/O technology in this link, realize energy-efficiently, its meaning can not be underestimated.
Multistage A/O technology is a sewage treatment technology that is used for sewage disposal, basin Pollution abatement, utilize active sludge to have aerobic, the characteristics of oxygen and anaerobe flora of holding concurrently simultaneously, form the coenocorrelation of multistage A and multistage O in a treatment system, A section and O section are carried out alternate combinations by processing requirement.Specifically it is to force to realize some A/O cycles of being made up of A section (anoxic section) and O section (aerobic section), the Technology that sewage is purified by artificial control in the active sludge treatment structures.We are divided into the theoretical and multistage A/O theory of narrow sense of the multistage A/O of broad sense to multistage A/O theory.The multistage A/O theory of so-called narrow sense is exactly in strict accordance with the A/O theory, guarantees the strict A/O cycle, the repeatedly stack of nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction just.The multistage A/O theory of so-called broad sense be exactly anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic of simply causing-...-aerobic condition need not the strict A/O cycle, and main theoretical basis is the theoretical and nitrated-anti-nitration reaction mechanism of unstable state.Here said multistage A/O theory mainly be meant the multistage A/O theory of broad sense.
In a system, can alternately realize nitrated-anti-nitration reaction, form multistage A/O technology.Waste water is under the aeration zone is in aerobic condition, aerobic cenobium (nitrobacteria, nitrite bacteria etc.) is preponderated, make itrogenous organic substance be decomposed by bacteria to ammonia, under the effect of nitrite bacteria, further be converted into nitrite then, be converted into nitrate through the nitrobacteria effect again; Nitrate enters into the district that stops the supple of gas or steam, aerobic condition gradates anoxia condition, facultative cenobium is also preponderated thereupon gradually, under the effect of facultative different oxygen bacterium, utilize or part utilizes that original organism carbon source is electron donor in the waste water, substitute molecular oxygen with nitrate and make electron acceptor(EA), decompose organic, simultaneously, nitrogen in the nitrate is reduced to gaseous nitrogen (N, NO
2Deng); When entering into the aeration zone again, aerobic cenobium is preponderated again and ability strengthens; In like manner enter into when stopping the supple of gas or steam the district, facultative cenobium is preponderated again and ability strengthens; Go round and begin again.Multistage A/O reaction just has been initially located in the situation that nutritive substance is many, cenobium quantity is few (we are referred to as " drug on the market " state); Along with the carrying out of reaction, nutritive substance reduces and the cenobium quality and quantity is all increasing, and reaches " balance between supply and demand " state very soon; Be " supply-less-than-demand " state afterwards, nutritive substance is by thoroughly clean decomposition, and the material of some difficult degradations is also decomposed by the mud cenobium of excellent performance at this moment.Therefore we can think: multistage A/O is effectively to the removal of each pollutant, and from the statistics angle, if the contaminant removal efficiency in each A/O cycle is E, n the total contaminant removal efficiency of all after dates is so
E
n=100%-(100%-E)
n(1) E in the formula
nThe total processing efficiency of-pollutent
Each A/O cycle Pollutant Treatment efficient of E-
The number of n-A/O process cycle
The value that obtains n through our theoretical deduction and experiment should be between 3～100, i.e. 3-100 A/O cycle.
Table 1 is that multistage A/O technology pollutent theoretical treatment efficient is deduced the process table.
Table 1
The propagation of nitrifier and nitrifier inherent are than the relation of rate of rise (μ) and the cell mean residence time (θ) controlled in the system:
During μ=1/ θ, system is in stable state, the nitrifier that the nitrifier of propagation equals to run off; If the nitrifier that breeds in μ＜1/ θ system is less than the nitrifier of running off, in the case, the quantity of nitrifier is with fewer and feweri, until completely dissolve in the system.That is to say, the nitrated unstable stable state (but unsteady state herein and unstable state theory are not identical concept) that is in the system, nitrated ability worse and worse, until completely losing.So we must guarantee μ＞1/ θ or μ=1/ θ, A/O technology is realized smoothly.Multistage A/O technology is owing to sludge loading little (0.05～0.2kgBOD/kgMLSS (suspended sediment concentration)), and sludge age long (greater than 15 days) makes θ enough big, fully satisfies μ＞1/ θ.
The removed oxidation kinetics formula of matrix is:
(S
0-S)/X
vT=K (S/S
0) S-substrate concn in (3) formula
S
0-matrix initial concentration
X
v-volatile suspended solid
K-speed of reaction coefficient
The t-time
The oxygen change curve of multistage A/O sewage treatment process is continuous approximation sin/cos curve, and each cycle can be made as equivalence and non-equivalence according to processing requirement, and crest and trough value are in time for successively decreasing.Be exactly the sewage processing in continuous a plurality of A/O cycles of process, the stack of promptly a plurality of A/O treating processess finally reaches effective removal of nitrogen and COD, BOD.We find under study for action: because the propagation and the optimization in Properties of active sludge, each cycle oxygen-consumption is according to certain rule (according to the variation of condition, the depth of water, sludge concentration, rule is also different) incremental variations successively in structures.Oxygen in water is sin/cos curve distribution clocklike, sees that X-coordinate is represented the time among the figure shown in the accompanying drawing 1, and ordinate zou is represented dissolved oxygen concentration.Curve only is signal, and the curve cycle life is indefinite.A/O ratio in A/O cycle and each A/O cycle can be regulated by automatic control or Artificial Control, and wherein the A/O in each A/O cycle is 1 than generally: 5-5: between 1.Sewage during through aeration zone (aerobic section) dissolved oxygen levels raise gradually, enter the district that stops the supple of gas or steam (anoxic section) after arriving crest, dissolved oxygen levels reduces gradually, enters the aeration zone again behind the arrival trough ... go round and begin again.Multistage in addition A/O technology also is to adopt relative low sludge loading with traditional A/O technology difference, and (0.05～0.2kgBOD/kgMLSS), capacity of resisting impact load is strengthened, and guarantees that under the high and stable prerequisite of denitrogenating efficient high COD removes efficient.
Realize that a plurality of A/O cycles are to rely on the keying of permutation aerator under the control of row end valve door to cause, the aeration of (comprising rectangle, circle, erose concrete or earthen structure) zone exists at interval with aeration is not regional in the structures, and handling under the lower situation of structures DO (dissolved oxygen) value, caused aerobic zone and oxygen-starved area to exist at interval, promptly many group A/O sections.The start and stop of aerator row can be arranged to varied in the structures: row stop row at interval, and two row stop row at interval, and row stop two row at interval ..., the rest may be inferred, promptly formed different A/O ratios.Anoxic and aerobic zone are unfixed generally speaking, and promptly the same area is the oxygen-starved area at this moment, after a while, just may be in aerobic zone.Accompanying drawing 2 is multistage A/O technology operation synoptic diagram.
Whenever on the macroscopic view, stop the supple of gas or steam-the aeration zone through one group, just experienced an A/O process cycle, finished the A/O art breading one time, processing efficiency adds up successively.The processing efficiency of pollutent is seen formula (1).
The present invention proposes the notion of multistage A/O theory first, and the constraint of the A/O theory that breaks traditions has further developed the A/O technology theory, the sewage disposal theoretical system is played strengthen and perfect effect.
Research on mechanism system has first proved can alternately realize nitrated-anti-nitration reaction in a technological process, forms multistage A/O technology.This provides solid theory for the final promotion and application of this technology.
In addition, on water outlet basis up to standard, multistage A/O technology is compared with oxidation ditch process (the another kind of sewage treatment process that has the A/O operational characteristic more widely that uses at present) with traditional A/O technology, reduces investment outlay, and saves working cost.For example in through the application for developing of certain 100,000 tons of sewage work in city of being expounded through peer review institute to do correlation data as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
| Project | Multistage A/O technology | Tradition A/O technology | Oxidation ditch process |
| Actual scale (ten thousand ton per days) | 10 | ?10 | ?10 |
| Take up an area of (hectare) | 8.5 | ?8.5 | ?8.5 |
| Total investment of engineering (ten thousand yuan) | l0990.42 | ?13430.65 | ?13873.36 |
| Operational cost (unit/cubic meter sewage) | 0.32 | ?0.50 | ?0.52 |
| Annual operating and maintenance cost (ten thousand yuan) | 1168 | ?1825 | ?1898 |
| Total installation of generating capacity (kW) | 2963 | ?3520 | ?4820 |
| Staffing (people) | 40 | ?100 | ?100 |
Accordingly, (investment and working cost) under the same conditions, multistage A/O technology all increases than the removal efficient of A/O technology for COD and nitrogen.
Embodiment
Adopt the intermittent aeration pond in an embodiment, air compressor, the multi-functional water quality analyser of PF-10, supplementary controlled system devices such as (magnetic valve, programmable timers etc.).Automatically control is to be realized by the DO (dissolved oxygen) and ORP (redox potential) the probe on-line Control that are placed in the water.
Will be according to the former water of experiment (CODcr, the NH of municipal effluent characteristic configuration
3-N is definite) inject the intermittent aeration pond, and be mixed into a certain amount of aerobic, as to hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobe flora active sludge bacterial classification (cultivating ripe in advance) that exists simultaneously; Regulate timer program, setting was started working after keying cycle (A/O cycle), and timing water sampling, post precipitation carry out water-quality guideline analysis and record result.
| The A/ | 0 | ?1 | 2 | 5 | ?10 | ?20 | ?40 | ?90 | Experiment condition |
| ?CO ?Dcr | ?256 | ?249 | ?248 | ?230 | ?202 | ?166 | ?97 | ?33 | Initial MLSS=2000mg/L AO is than=1: 3 A/O cycle=16min residence time 24h |
| CO D clearance | ?2％ | ?2％ | ?10 ?％ | ?21 ?％ | ?35 ?％ | ?62 ?％ | ?87 ?％ | ||
| ?NH 3?-N | ?35 | ?33 | ?29 | ?26 | ?23 | ?17 | ?ll | ||
| ?NH 3-N clearance | ?6％ | ?17 ?％ | ?26 ?％ | ?34 ?％ | ?5l ?％ | ?69 ?％ |
Embodiment 2
| The A/ | 0 | ?l | ?2 | ?3 | ?4 | ?5 | Experiment condition |
| ?CODc ?r | ?239 | ?l77 | ?121 | ?90 | ?7l | ?57 | Initial MLSS=2000mg/L AO is than=1: 3 A/O cycle=120min residence time 12h |
| The COD clearance | ?26％ | ?49％ | ?62％ | ?70％ | ?76％ | ||
| ?NH 3- ?N | ?34 | ?27 | ?2l | ?18 | ?15 | ?14 | |
| ?NH 3-N clearance | ?21％ | ?38％ | ?47％ | ?56％ | ?59％ |
Comparative example l-2
| The comparative example 1 | The comparative example 2 | Experiment condition | |||
| Extended aeration technology | Common A/O technology | ||||
| Water inlet | Water outlet | Water inlet | Water outlet | ||
| CODcr | ?237 | ?79 | ?22l | ?103 | Initial MLSS=2000mg/L residence time 12h |
| The COD clearance | ?67％ | ?53％ | |||
| NH 3-N | ?35 | ?22 | ?30 | ?17 | |
| NH 3-N clearance | ?37％ | ?43％ | |||
Experimental results show that multistage A/O technology theory deduction conforms to substantially with design conditions, and this technology is high and stable than the traditional technology contaminant removal efficiency.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of multi-stage anaerobic/aerobic process for treating sewage, it is characterized in that this method is alternately to occur by stop the supple of gas or steam district and aeration zone in same processing structures, form 3-100 A/O cycle, make oxygen in water concentration be successive near sinusoidal/cosine curve and distribute, realize thereby utilize simultaneous aerobic, hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobe flora in the active sludge of structures to realize alternately that nitrification and denitrification reacts.
2, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described structures comprise rectangle, circle, erose concrete or building structures.
3,, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps according to the method for claim 1:
A, raw waste water is injected the intermittent aeration pond, and be mixed into a certain amount of aerobic, as to hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobe flora active sludge bacterial classification that comprises;
B, setting A/O cycle life and the A/O ratio in time and each A/O cycle, the described A/O cycle relies on the keying of permutation aerator under the control of row end valve door to realize, the aeration zone in the structures is existed by regular intervals with the district that stops the supple of gas or steam.
4, according to the method for claim 2, wherein aerator is common aerating apparatus or floated microporous aeration device.
5, according to the method for claim 2, A/O cycle life wherein is between 3-100.
6, according to the method for claim 2, wherein the A/O in each A/O cycle ratio is 1: 5-5: between 1.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102432100A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-05-02 | 北京工商大学 | Method for efficiently degrading morpholine waste water |
| CN102649613A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | 谢昕 | Recycling processing technology for legumelin wastewater |
| CN102863122A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for domestic sewage treatment |
| CN104229993A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Denitrification reactor and denitrification method |
| CN104944701A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-30 | 昆明滇池水务股份有限公司 | Method for enhancing sewage nitrogen and phosphorus removal and saving energy and reducing consumption based on pulse aeration |
| CN107055776A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏凯米膜科技股份有限公司 | A kind of and foster formula MBBR integrated sewage treating apparatus and its method |
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2001
- 2001-02-27 CN CN 01109019 patent/CN1302770A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102649613A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | 谢昕 | Recycling processing technology for legumelin wastewater |
| CN102432100A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-05-02 | 北京工商大学 | Method for efficiently degrading morpholine waste water |
| CN102432100B (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-08-14 | 北京工商大学 | Method for efficiently degrading morpholine waste water |
| CN102863122A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for domestic sewage treatment |
| CN102863122B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 重庆大学 | Device and method for domestic sewage treatment |
| CN104229993A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 博天环境集团股份有限公司 | Denitrification reactor and denitrification method |
| CN104944701A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-30 | 昆明滇池水务股份有限公司 | Method for enhancing sewage nitrogen and phosphorus removal and saving energy and reducing consumption based on pulse aeration |
| CN107055776A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏凯米膜科技股份有限公司 | A kind of and foster formula MBBR integrated sewage treating apparatus and its method |
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