CN1301955A - Colour comparison table for displaying colour system - Google Patents

Colour comparison table for displaying colour system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1301955A
CN1301955A CN 99127399 CN99127399A CN1301955A CN 1301955 A CN1301955 A CN 1301955A CN 99127399 CN99127399 CN 99127399 CN 99127399 A CN99127399 A CN 99127399A CN 1301955 A CN1301955 A CN 1301955A
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China
Prior art keywords
color
colour
chroma
degree
aspect face
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CN 99127399
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Chinese (zh)
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许云鹏
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ZHENGYU SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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ZHENGYU SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN 99127399 priority Critical patent/CN1301955A/en
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Abstract

The color solid of the color comparison table consists of color direction degree, color degree and color density and the color direction degree expresses the bearing of some color in hue cycle. In the hue plane, the center is the standard grey to balance the density of the whole hue plane, and the hue cycles express and color degree, the outer the higher. The colors expressed by the equi-distance points in a hue cycle may be mixed into standard grey. The hue planes are arranged in density from top to bottom to constitute hue table and density table. The present invention can produce continuous and homogeneous visuel effect of color and may be used as a quantitative reference.

Description

Color deck watch in order to the display color system
The present invention relates to a kind of color deck watch in order to the display color system, particularly relate to a kind of colour saturation of coming the whole form and aspect face of balance with " standard grey ", and utilize " to degree " " chroma " " concentration " three attributes, can reach the color deck watch in order to the display color system of visual effect with continuous and even three degree color spaces.
Industries such as the relevant dealer of color always lack unified language on color is linked up, therefore, both hindered color to pass on, and also reduce the quality of design, make the industrial upgrading difficulty.In order to break through these difficulties, and in response to current consultation information requirements of the times information exchange rapidly with accurate more and more higher demand, be badly in need of exploitation color deck watch, to unify the color language, use for industry, and the purposes of academia as research, education etc. is provided, and then can increase the color surcharge and the competitive power of product, further promote industrial upgrading.
In present color science, colour system is that colour perception three attributes by " form and aspect Hue ", " chroma Chroma ", " lightness value " are constituted; As Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9, Fig. 9 is the face of deciding what is right and what is wrong of Fig. 8 colour solid, the face of each form and aspect (HS) is the center with the lightness axis (VA) of netrual colour, just becomes stereo structure by radial arrangement, promptly so-called colour solid (Color Solid), it is central shaft with the netrual colour, lightness is brighter last, and lightness is more secretly being descended, and the highest with white (W) in the lightness, (B) is the darkest for black, and chroma (C) is then outwards increased progressively by netrual colour central shaft (VA).Yet, how with color normalization, languageization, be that the chromatist is devoted to the target studied always, though countries in the world at present have to work out various colour solids and color language,, do not used widely so far by the color industry.Hence one can see that, and its color language and uniform color space are desirable to the greatest extent yet, such as:
Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, be Man Saier color table color system (Munsell notationsystem), as shown in figure 10, the basic colors of its decision form and aspect has: red (R), yellow (Y), green (G), blue (B), purple five kinds of form and aspect such as (P), if insert yellow red (YR), yellowish green (YG), bluish-green (BG), royal purple (BP), purple five kinds of colors such as (RP), can become the main form and aspect on 10 kinds of bases in the centre.As shown in figure 11, and the method for expressing of its lightness is from No0, No1, No2, No3 ... No10 all is divided into 11 stages; Black (BL) is 0, and white (W) is 10, and there is the grey in nine kinds of stages the centre; The method for expressing of its chroma is 0 with netrual colour then, along with the reinforcement of tone stage, with 1,2,3 ... numeral, the pure color that its chroma is the highest, its stage is difference to some extent with the difference of form and aspect, the stage of red (R) is maximum, has 14 kinds; Therefore, the chroma stage of Man Saier color table color system also so and complexity makes its colour solid (Figure 10) present complex form.
As Figure 12, shown in Figure 13, be Ostwald color table color system (ostwald notation), as shown in figure 13, its decision form and aspect have eight kinds: yellow (Y), orange (O), red (R), purple (P), blue (UB), bluish-green (T), green (SG), yellowish green form and aspect such as (LG), each color of these eight kinds of main form and aspect is distinguished in detail again, make 24 kinds of form and aspect, for example: yellow form and aspect, be that the yellow main form and aspect that will make benchmark are placed on middle, about respectively make a kind of form and aspect, adding up to has three kinds, adds 1Y from the left side then, 2Y, the form and aspect mark of 3Y, 2Y becomes main form and aspect.The method that following form and aspect are used is same as described above.And shown in Figure 12 be its colour solid, Ostwald color table color system is to have to utilize the color specification system that is worth very much for when color matching, but the shortcoming of this arrangement is that lightness (Value) stage is irregular.
As shown in figure 14, it is the color coordinate (Practical colorcoordinate system abbreviates P.C.C.S as) of Japanese color research institute, being characterized as of this color specification system can have suitable combination to color matching face, and can absorb the advantage of Man Saier coloring system and Ostwald coloring system, its all form and aspect all have number, what which is, color also all has necessarily, point-score according to P.C.C.S, purplish red (PR) is number one in the form and aspect number, is for No. second red (R), is for No. three yellowy (YR), is for No. four reddish orange (RO); Through yellow (Y), green (G), blue (B), purple (P), purple (RP) circulation primary, last reddish violet becomes form and aspect the 20 No. four, and then gets back to redness (R) according to order.
In addition, the international color system still has many different color theories at present, but it is identical with above-mentioned colour system, and three attribute structures of form and aspect, chroma, lightness are used in neither disengaging.
Prior art is in three attributes, because form and aspect are quite to have independence, so generally form and aspect are discussed respectively, and chroma and lightness are merged, the synthetic notion that is transformed into colour saturation is used, this is the variation because of look material amount, and having more than is the unidirectional variation of chroma or lightness, but chroma and lightness two directivity change the very strong event of tendency simultaneously.Certainly strictly speaking, should add form and aspect and make it to become three directivity, but because form and aspect have very big independence, so be that form and aspect do not hinder existing side by side of it and colour saturation, not equal to be extremely natural sensuously like this.Therefore via the variation of dyeing, fuel or pigment isochrome material amount, expect on the technical field of look in performance, the variation of look material amount, and have extremely direct connection between the notion of the amount of corresponding good colour saturation, also quite useful.That is to say that chroma and lightness are to adopt the variation of definite data, and colour saturation can be described as the personality that does not possess the specifics amount relevant with look material quantitative changeization.In a word, chroma and lightness are the benchmark of look, are not the expression colo(u)r specification, perhaps should have only colour saturation to have the personality of measuring on the look entity.To change with the physical quantity of painted variation,, almost can not find out the conclusion that certain has meaning only for chroma or lightness.This is because coloured look changes, and is not only the variation on the one hand of chroma or lightness usually.Therefore for all spectra that uses the look material, the concentration of look in the character of look, the most important notion of can saying so.
So-called colour saturation is the look with abstractness, is transformed into the notion of extremely concrete amount, thus, must represent with numerical value certainly.But, though want numerically colour saturation performance, although it is, all be not easy successfully, existing still among continuing to attempt through in many ways test.Chroma that hence one can see that, that lightness two directivity change tendency simultaneously is very strong, and this just should merge together, and the while can not quantize colour saturation out clearly.Simultaneously can find out that also the chromatist also knows the importance of colour saturation, also think hardy that just form and aspect, chroma, lightness is structural, can not solve the problem of colour saturation quantification clearly towards this direction research.This shows that above-mentioned existing color coordinate in order to the display color system still has many defectives, and the assistant officer waits to be improved.
Because the above-mentioned existing defective that exists in order to the color coordinate of display color system, the inventor is actively studied innovation, through constantly studying, designing based on abundant practical experience and professional knowledge, and after studying sample and improvement repeatedly, create the present invention finally.
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is, overcome the existing defective that exists in order to the color coordinate of display color system, and provide a kind of color deck watch in order to the display color system, making it mainly is to make colour solid to the Theoretical Framework of degree, chroma, concentration, make it in three attributes, can quite have independence separately clearly, do not have the tendency of equidirectional variation, and the defective that generation is obscured, especially if to degree, chroma merges, just can any form and aspect of clear address (coloured light) color; Simultaneously the same merges the lightness idea in chroma, just homochromyly practise physiognomy, same chroma, be same lightness; Moreover concentration then has more the color language of independence, and just same form and aspect face is the isoconcentration face, and this concentration is the computing method with logic science, has the specifically concentration notion of quantification property; Can reach convenient and accurate color language reception and registration, the comparison of color and the effects such as design of color whereby.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme.A kind of color deck watch according to the present invention's proposition in order to the display color system, its colour solid is by to degree, chroma, concentration three constitutes, wherein, to degree is the orientation degree (angle) of expression color on a hue circle, utilization constitutes of the same colour practising physiognomy to degree and chroma, and same form and aspect face is the isoconcentration face, it is characterized in that: with the standard grey of form and aspect face center secondary color, come the colour saturation of the whole form and aspect face of balance, and the form and aspect face is outwards to show successively with hue circle (chroma circle) to high color with the standard grey of centre, and the color of each hue circle, increases progressively with several chromatic numbers (piece) ratio to high chroma from low chroma; And at the hue circle of the arbitrary chroma of form and aspect face, its color that uniformly-spaced goes up must uniformly-spaced after the colour mixture, then be the standard grey of form and aspect face Neutral colour with three or three multiple; Form and aspect face Neutral colour is also equidistant with the color lump of any orientation of arbitrary hue circle degree; And of all kinds the practising physiognomy with the netrual colour in the colour solid is central shaft, light color is last, and heavy colour makes of all kinds practising physiognomy from top to bottom form a colour solid in regular turn down, and each color of form and aspect face (color lump) mark has form and aspect degree, chroma and numbering, constitutes a color form and aspect deck watch; Moreover, utilize transversely arranged in regular turn the forming of numbering of form and aspect face, by the standard grey of netrual colour successively to high color, the back chroma is high more more, it is vertically then numbered together with the form and aspect face of colour solid, from top to bottom arrange in regular turn toward concentration, constitute another color density deck watch whereby from light color.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and good effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, colour solid of the present invention is by being constituted to degree, chroma, concentration three, wherein, to degree is the orientation degree (angle) of expression color on a hue circle, and it is the standard grey with form and aspect face center secondary color, the colour saturation of coming the whole form and aspect face of balance, and the form and aspect face is outwards to show successively with hue circle to high color with the standard grey of centre, and the color of each hue circle (chroma circle), increases progressively with several chromatic numbers (piece) ratio to high chroma from low chroma; And, after its color that uniformly-spaced goes up (must three or three multiple uniformly-spaced) colour mixture, then be the standard grey of form and aspect face Neutral colour at the hue circle of the arbitrary chroma of form and aspect face; And form and aspect face Neutral colour and equidistant with the color lump of any orientation of arbitrary hue circle degree; And of all kinds the practising physiognomy in the colour solid from top to bottom arranged according to the concentration difference; Form and aspect table that is constituted whereby and concentration table have the visual effect of continuous and uniform three degree color spaces, and the reference data with quantification.
In sum, the present invention mainly is to make colour solid to the Theoretical Framework of degree, chroma, concentration, make it in three attributes, can quite have independence separately clearly, do not have the tendency of equidirectional variation, and the defective that generation is obscured, especially if to degree, chroma merges, just can any form and aspect of clear address (coloured light) color; Simultaneously the same merges the lightness idea in chroma, just homochromyly practise physiognomy, same chroma, be same lightness; Moreover concentration then has more the color language of independence, and just same form and aspect face is the isoconcentration face, and this concentration is the computing method with logic science, has the specifically concentration notion of quantification property; Can reach convenient and accurate color language reception and registration, the comparison of color and the effects such as design of color whereby.No matter it is all having bigger improvement on mode, on the structure or on the function, and has produced handy and practical effect, and has the effect of enhancement really, thereby is suitable for practicality more, really is a new and innovative, progressive, practical new design.
Concrete structure of the present invention is provided in detail by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is a principle key diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a form and aspect face synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a form and aspect face embodiment synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a colour solid synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a light dense ranking method synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is color form and aspect deck watch of the present invention ().
Fig. 7 is color density deck watch of the present invention (two).
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of existing colour solid.
Fig. 9 is the face of the deciding what is right and what is wrong synoptic diagram of the existing colour solid of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view of Man Saier color table system.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of Figure 10 Man Saier color table system.
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram of Ostwald color table system.
Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram of Figure 12 Ostwald color table system.
Figure 14 is the color coordinate synoptic diagram of Japanese color research institute.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to its concrete structure of color deck watch, feature and the effect thereof that foundation the present invention proposes in order to the display color system, describe in detail as after.
Principle of the present invention and method at first are described.See also shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 principle key diagram of the present invention and the form and aspect face synoptic diagram:
A, color language
1, to degree (hue angle) → utilize the color change principle, yellow red colour mixture can produce orange, and red blue colour mixture can produce purple, and blue yellow colour mixture can produce green, just justifies 360 hue circles of spending and form one by yellow, orange, red, purple, blue, green variation.Look is exactly that color is at hue circle upper position degree, i.e. hue angle to degree
2, chroma → be exactly yellow, orange, red, purple, blue, green color vision, its color is gorgeous more, and then chroma is high more, it does not have Huang, orange, red, purple, blue, green colour vision more, then its chroma is low more, is exactly the standard grey when chroma equals zero, just the center secondary color of form and aspect face.
3, concentration → promptly be exactly dark, shallow or dense, the light sensation of color is arranged as at colour solid, and colour saturation is high more, and chromaticity level is low more; Color is light more, and chromaticity level is high more.
The making principle and the method for B, isoconcentration form and aspect face
The colour saturation of principle → come the whole form and aspect face of balance with standard grey (the center secondary color of form and aspect face).Method → in the color that the hue circle of any chroma of form and aspect face (360 degree) is uniformly-spaced gone up must be the standard grey that is necessary for form and aspect face center look after the uniformly-spaced colour mixture of three or three multiple.Form and aspect face center look must with any orientation of the arbitrary hue circle of form and aspect face degree isochrome spacing, be same lightness with the hue circle of chroma, its look spacing must consistent and and visual synchronization.
Specific embodiments of the invention below are described.See also shown in Figure 2, it is form and aspect face synoptic diagram of the present invention, it is that the center secondary color with the form and aspect face is standard grey (Standard Gray (SG)), come the colour saturation of the whole form and aspect face of balance, as shown in Figure 2, this each color (CC), it in its square numbering (No) for form and aspect, the below representative color is to degree (HD), and chroma (C) is represented on the left side, uniformly-spaced is necessary for the standard grey (SG) of form and aspect face Neutral colour after (need three or three multiple uniformly-spaced) colour mixture at the hue circle of any one identical chroma of form and aspect face (Hue Circle (360 degree)); For example, the hue circle of chroma 3 after three color colour mixtures of its numbering 001,003,005, is necessary for the standard grey (SG) of Neutral colour; For example in colored 9 hue circle, after three color colour mixtures of numbering 019,025,031, or must be standard grey (SG) after 019,022,025,028,031,034 6 color colour mixture again, the rest may be inferred; Moreover, the standard grey (SG) at form and aspect face center and the arbitrary hue circle of form and aspect face (3 or 6,9 ...) any orientation degree 000.0 → 120.0 → 240.0 → 360.0 be all the isochrome spacing; And being same lightness with the hue circle of chroma, its look spacing must be consistent, and and visual synchronization.Moreover this form and aspect face shows with hue circle to high color from the central shaft netrual colour, the chromatic number of its each hue circle, and to high chroma, the chromatic number of beating increases progressively with the ratio of several chromatic numbers from low chroma; Embodiment for example shown in Figure 2, the hue circle of its first lap are six chromatic numbers, and then the hue circle of second circle is 12, and the look of the 3rd circle is 18 chromatic numbers to ring, and the rest may be inferred, to the look of the 12nd circle to when ring, its chromatic number is 72; As shown in Figure 3, be the form and aspect face preferred embodiment after the present invention finishes, on this form and aspect face, manifest simultaneously remarkably to degree and chroma; Therefore can learn the chroma and the orientation degree thereof of each numbering color, and can compare, be the mating surface combination of the best with the color of front and back numbering.
See also shown in Figure 4, it is colour solid synoptic diagram of the present invention, this ranking method of practising physiognomy of all kinds is to be that central shaft (A), light color (Tint (T)) are last with the netrual colour, heavy colour (Shade (S)) is following, make No.1, No.2, No.3 ... of all kinds practising physiognomy, from top to bottom arrange to form colour solid (CS) in regular turn.
See also shown in Figure 5, be light dense ranking method synoptic diagram of the present invention, this light dense design mainly is to cooperate colour solid of the present invention to use, its transversely arranged standard grey (SG) by netrual colour is to high chroma, by the color code of practising physiognomy (1,2,3 of all kinds ...) arrange in regular turn, the back chroma is high more more, and its form and aspect face vertical and colour solid (CS) (as shown in Figure 4) is numbered (No.1, No.2, N0.3 together ...) from top to bottom arrange in regular turn from light color (T) toward heavy colour (S); Constitute light dense ranking method of one " rectangle " whereby.
Seeing also shown in Figure 6ly, is color form and aspect deck watch of the present invention (), and shown in Figure 7 is color density deck watch of the present invention (two).The present invention utilizes aforesaid colour system, can make a color form and aspect deck watch () and a color density deck watch (two); The color form and aspect deck watch (one) shown in 6 wherein is that the netrual colour (SG) with the form and aspect face is the look central shaft, and light color is last, and heavy colour is down, arranges formed colour solid (CS) in regular turn and converges and be made into volume; Make industry select look and ditch to be connected with certain foundation whereby, and systematized color form and aspect deck watch can make things convenient for the dealer to be easier to obtain the color that can be in harmonious proportion mutually when selecting look, promote the color matching effect of industry.
And the method for making of above-mentioned colour solid (CS), be with computer programming, adopt unified formula to calculate colorant formulas, and can adjust look on demand at interval, control the chromatic number of colour solid, in this colour solid (CS), the most key color is exactly the Neutral colour of circular form and aspect face, just the standard grey, its whether accurate the even of whole form and aspect face that concern, just beat in the interval of hue circle, whether uniformly-spaced, and the concentration of while form and aspect face all colours, all be to come the balance colour saturation with standard grey (SG), therefore, at whole colour solid (CS), its vertical interval (on, only needing to adjust test with standard grey (SG) down) gets final product, even the making of various unlike material colour solids, all must get final product with the corresponding misalignment of colors concentration of standard grey.Color density deck watch (two) and for example shown in Figure 7 is that accompanying colour form and aspect deck watch () uses, and can reach complementary effect; It mainly is the light concentration ranking method of rectangle that Fig. 5 is disclosed, remittance is made into volume, its transversely arranged standard grey (SG) by achromatization is to high chroma, by the color code of practising physiognomy (1,2,3,4 of all kinds ...) arrange in regular turn, the back chroma is high more more, and it vertically from top to bottom arranges identically with the form and aspect face of colour solid (CS), promptly from top to bottom arranges in regular turn from the past concentration (S) of light color (T); Therefore color density deck watch (two) can know the variation of the vertical concentration that shows above-mentioned colour solid and color form and aspect deck watch () thereof, and the dealer can clearly understand, this color in whole colour system to degree, chroma and concentration.
In sum, colour system basic structure is confirmable must three direction language clearly, and in three attribute structures of traditional form and aspect, chroma, lightness, be form and aspect are discussed respectively and chroma and lightness to be merged be transformed into the synthetic notion of colour saturation to be used; Yet form and aspect are with colour solid three direction language, can not clear independence, because of so-called form and aspect, be coloured light, and color language that can not a direction can represent that color language of the present invention is could call form and aspect to degree+chroma; Moreover, it is very strong that chroma and lightness two directivity change tendency simultaneously, therefore can not clear independence, be easy to generate and obscure, yet variation via dyeing, dyestuff or pigment isochrome material amount, expect on the technical field of look to have extremely direct connection between the notion of the amount of the colour saturation that the variation of look material amount and correspondence are good in performance, also quite useful; The present invention promptly does the notion of concentration with the amount theory of colorant, and then to set up colour system to degree, chroma, concentration three direction language, and will be called form and aspect to degree and chroma fusion, the color that can call any form and aspect or coloured light, colour saturation then have suitable independence; Structure with the color language of any color of simple clear expression, can reach accurately and color language reception and registration easily, the comparison of color and many effects such as design of color whereby.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of color deck watch in order to the display color system, its colour solid is by being constituted to degree, chroma, concentration three, wherein, to degree is the orientation degree (angle) of expression color on a hue circle, utilization constitutes of the same colour practising physiognomy to degree and chroma, and same form and aspect face is the isoconcentration face, it is characterized in that:
Standard grey with form and aspect face center secondary color, come the colour saturation of the whole form and aspect face of balance, and the form and aspect face is outwards to show successively with hue circle (chroma circle) to high color with the standard grey of centre, and the color of each hue circle,, increase progressively to high chroma from low chroma with several chromatic numbers (piece) ratio;
And at the hue circle of the arbitrary chroma of form and aspect face, its color that uniformly-spaced goes up must uniformly-spaced after the colour mixture, then be the standard grey of form and aspect face Neutral colour with three or three multiple;
Form and aspect face Neutral colour is also equidistant with the color lump of any orientation of arbitrary hue circle degree;
And of all kinds the practising physiognomy with the netrual colour in the colour solid is central shaft, light color is last, and heavy colour makes of all kinds practising physiognomy from top to bottom form a colour solid in regular turn down, and each color of form and aspect face (color lump) mark has form and aspect degree, chroma and numbering, constitutes a color form and aspect deck watch;
Moreover, utilize transversely arranged in regular turn the forming of numbering of form and aspect face, by the standard grey of netrual colour successively to high color, the back chroma is high more more, it is vertically then numbered together with the form and aspect face of colour solid, from top to bottom arrange in regular turn toward concentration, constitute another color density deck watch whereby from light color.
CN 99127399 1999-12-29 1999-12-29 Colour comparison table for displaying colour system Pending CN1301955A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110603577A (en) * 2017-05-08 2019-12-20 长谷川香料株式会社 Method for representing image by color and color representation chart
CN111381912A (en) * 2018-12-29 2020-07-07 北京金山云网络技术有限公司 UI palette determining method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN113096196A (en) * 2021-03-18 2021-07-09 武汉纺织大学 Method for constructing color system of colored woven fabric
WO2022213893A1 (en) * 2021-04-08 2022-10-13 上海元彩科技有限公司 Method for arranging colors on plane

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110603577A (en) * 2017-05-08 2019-12-20 长谷川香料株式会社 Method for representing image by color and color representation chart
US11138766B2 (en) 2017-05-08 2021-10-05 T. Hasegawa Co., Ltd. Method for expressing image with colors and color expression drawing
CN111381912A (en) * 2018-12-29 2020-07-07 北京金山云网络技术有限公司 UI palette determining method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN111381912B (en) * 2018-12-29 2024-02-02 北京金山云网络技术有限公司 UI palette determining method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN113096196A (en) * 2021-03-18 2021-07-09 武汉纺织大学 Method for constructing color system of colored woven fabric
WO2022213893A1 (en) * 2021-04-08 2022-10-13 上海元彩科技有限公司 Method for arranging colors on plane

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