CN1301204A - Bimetallic plate - Google Patents

Abstract

Bimetallic plate is produced by providing a substrate (S) of a first metal and, with the preheated substrate (S) positioned in a mould cavity (34) with a major surface of the substrate (S) facing upwardly and to fill a portion of the depth of the cavity (34), a second metal is cast against that surface to form a cladding component and, with the substrate (S), to form the bimetallic plate. Prior to the cladding being cast, the major surface is rendered substantially oxide-free and is protected against oxidation. The cladding is cast by a melt, of a composition required for it, being poured at a superheated temperature whereby, with the preheating of the substrate (S), an overall heat energy balance is achieved between the substrate (S) and the cladding. The heat energy balance causes a diffusion bond to be achieved between the major surface of the substrate (S) and the cladding, and attainment of the energy balance is facilitated by causing the melt to enter the mould cavity (34) through a series of gates (44) which provide communication between at least one runner (40) and the mould cavity (34). The series of gates (44) is disposed laterally with respect to flow of the melt therethrough whereby the melt forms a laterally extending melt front. Attainment of the heat energy balance is further facilitated by causing the melt front to advance away from the gates (44), over the substrate (S) surface, at a rate which is substantially uniform across the lateral extent of the front.

Description

Bimetallic plates

The present invention relates to be used to produce the method and the former of the composite metal product that comprises bimetallic plates.

In people's such as Sare U.S. Patent No. 4953612 (application number is PCT, AU84/00123), the multiple prior art scheme that is used to make composite metal product has been discussed.These schemes have a lot of shortcomings and limitation, wherein have at least a part to be overcome by the technology of USP4953612.Extremely be suitable for producing some comprising a composite metal product that is attached to a cast part on the body portion by the scheme that USP4953612 proposed.But this scheme not too is applicable to produce and comprises bimetallic plates, and is particularly thin and/or have a composite metal product than the bimetallic plates of high surface area.Therefore, producing large-sized bimetallic plates, for example be approximately 300 * 300mm or bigger, its thickness less than the thickness of about 30mm and cast metal and matrix than being approximately 1.1 or during littler bimetallic plates, the scheme of USP4953612 can run into certain difficulty, for example uneven combination.

The present invention attempts to provide a kind of method and the former that can produce thin bimetallic plates.Yet when can carrying out this production, the present invention also can be suitable for producing thicker plate.In either case, the present invention all can produce larger-size bimetallic plates, for example meet and exceed 1800 * 1000mm, and sign shows, the present invention can produce at least the bimetallic plates up to 3000 * 1500mm.

In the method for the invention, the plate that is made of first metal (below be referred to as " matrix ") has a part that is formed by casting second metal thereon (below be called " coating ") to form bimetallic plates.As first metal of matrix can be titanium, nickel or cobalt, ferrous alloy, or titanium base, Ni-based or cobalt-base alloys.As second metal of coating can be copper, nickel or cobalt, ferrous alloy, or copper base, Ni-based or cobalt-base alloys.Although also nonessential like this, first and second metal components are normally different.But, when first and second metals are same or similar, when promptly its component is close, can obtain different character based on microstructure, for example, because matrix is made through overheated or cold working, coating then has a cast microstructure.

Described in USP4953612, should be oxide-free basically thereby will cast the surface that forms the matrix of coating thereon to molten alloy.Simultaneously, matrix will be preheated and be protected to prevent its oxidation with suitable coating.Coating can form with the flux that is added on the matrix surface, and is fused into diaphragm in the process of preheating.But, also can adopt other protective finish, the deposit such as the suitable metal that for example forms by chemical plating or electronickelling or other metal perhaps also can adopt nonmetallic coating, for example contains the aquadag of silicate binder.According to the protective finish that is adopted, the alloy that it is cast into coating is replaced or alloying with it, and to be cast alloy wetting to help matrix surface.

Equally, described in USP4953612, cast is used to form the motlten metal of coating under overheated temperature, in conjunction with the preheating of matrix, can help the thermal energy balance that reaches whole, combines with diffusion between the matrix thereby obtain coating.Diffusion does not obtain in conjunction with preferably not existing basically under the situation of fusing at matrix surface of casting coating on it.

When producing bimetallic plates, may be difficult to reach the enough thermal energy balances that are used between coating and matrix, forming good combination.When big and/or plate thickness thin and/or coating and matrix was smaller when the area of plate, situation was all the more so.Under these conditions, it is found that, become to the heat-energy losses of casting mold and hinder a key factor that reaches this energy balance, and this loss is from the matrix of preheating with flow through the molten alloy of matrix.This loss meeting is owing to the preheating of matrix with in order to provide coating to pour into a mould the time-delay between the molten alloy and/or long the increasing the weight of duration of pouring of molten alloy.Also find simultaneously, the inhomogeneities of inhomogeneity forfeiture of thermal energy balance and the combination that causes thus can by motlten metal on matrix uncontrolled or irregular flowing and cause, for example can cause the alloy flow velocity of long runner and/or reduction.

We have found that,, can produce remarkable improved bimetallic plates by controlling the casting of the motlten metal that forms coating.In the method for the invention, make casting alloy flow through the surface of matrix along a melt front that is controlled (melt front), and described melt front advances in the manner as described below, promptly, consider the preheat temperature of matrix and the overtemperature of molten alloy, basically on the whole surface of matrix and be enough between coating and matrix to obtain provide thermal energy balance in the limit of diffusion combination.

Although also nonessential like this, bimetallic plates can be square or other rectangular shape.For the ease of further description, supposition matrix and made plate are rectangles below.In addition, for convenience of description, melt front is passed the direction that matrix advances be decided to be vertically, and the melt front direction extending transversely with respect to its direction of advance is decided to be laterally.But although matrix and made plate may have a longitudinal size greater than its lateral dimension, situation also can be conversely, and perhaps the vertical and horizontal size can equate basically.In addition, the longitudinal direction that melt front advances can be basically between vertical opposite edges at matrix in, vertically advancing of melt can cover the part of matrix longitudinal extent.In addition, the lateral dimension of melt front and thereby just the width of coating on this direction can be overlapping with the part of the almost whole lateral dimension of matrix or this size.

In the method for the invention, by means of at least one following characteristic, controlled melt front is advanced in the mode of the required thermal energy balance that is provided for combination:

(a) make molten alloy enter a die cavity that matrix wherein is set at the cast gate that forms the horizontally set that is communicated with between cross gate and the die cavity by one group, in this die cavity, the melt front of a horizontal expansion of molten alloy formation; And

(b) make melt front with in the lateral extent of melt front basically even velocity on matrix, vertically advance.

Method of the present invention is preferably utilized each feature (a) and (b).

Thereby, according to the present invention, a kind of a kind of method that comprises the composite metal product of bimetallic plates that is used to produce is provided, wherein, the plate that is formed by first metal (below be referred to as " matrix ") is preheated, simultaneously, in the matrix that will be preheated places the die cavity of a model, and the first type surface of matrix up, fill simultaneously under the situation of certain depth of die cavity, to be cast on the described first type surface of matrix by second a metal part (below be referred to as coating), to form described bimetallic plates with matrix; Before the casting coating, make the essentially no oxide of described first type surface and be protected in case oxidation by suitable coating; Cast coating by the melt that forms the required component of coating with the cast of overheated temperature,, between matrix and coating, realize total thermal energy balance, and between matrix first type surface and coating, obtain diffusion and combine thus by pre-hot basal body; And reach required thermal energy balance in the following manner easily, promptly, make melt enter die cavity through between at least one cross gate and die cavity, forming the one group of cast gate that is communicated with, and described one group of cast gate is with respect to the melt-flow horizontally set that flows through, melt forms the melt front of a horizontal expansion thus, make melt front leave cast gate simultaneously, with on the lateral dimension ahead of the curve basically even velocity on matrix surface, advance.

The present invention also provides a kind of former that is used to produce bimetallic plates, these bimetallic plates have a plate that is formed by first metal (below be referred to as " matrix ") and one and are cast in the part that is formed by second metal on this matrix (below be referred to as " coating "), wherein, this equipment comprises a casting mold with drag box part and a top case part; Drag box partly limits the die cavity that part is made of casting mold, in this die cavity part matrix can be set, and the first type surface of matrix upwards; Top case partly limits the part die cavity, when casting mold is in closure state, can inject the melt that forms the required composition of coating thus, so that be filled in the die cavity of matrix top, thereby forms coating; The each several part of casting mold limits one group of cast gate that at least one cross gate is communicated with die cavity; The cast gate group laterally is provided with respect to the melt-flow that flows through them, thereby can form the melt front of a horizontal expansion; And the melt front that is arranged so that of described equipment can leave cast gate, on matrix surface, advance, even substantially on its pace lateral dimension direction ahead of the curve, thus because the preheating of matrix and melt overheated and between matrix and coating, obtain suitable thermal energy balance, and can between the first type surface of matrix and coating, realize that diffusion combines.

For obtaining feature (a), former according to the present invention comprises a casting mold that limits a die cavity, in this die cavity a kind of matrix can be set, and molten alloy can be cast on the upper surface of matrix simultaneously.This casting mold limits at least one the charging down gate that can accept motlten metal, and this charging down gate is communicated with at least one horizontal running channel, and motlten metal enters each cast gate the cast gate group from the charging down gate whereby.At least at the position of coating from the transverse edge extension of the body upper surface of close cast gate group, die cavity can have a rectangular letter disk shape part, is communicated with die cavity at this part place cast gate.

Provide in the casting operation that the casting mold of feature (a) carries out in utilization, motlten metal flows into die cavity via each cast gate, and merging into the melt front of a motlten metal according to priority from the molten metal bath stream of each cast gate, this melt front is the upper surface by matrix longitudinally.In the place that die cavity has a rectangular letter disk shape part, preferably before arriving matrix, melt front in this word rectangle plate-like part takes place converging of liquid stream.

Be the equal basically shape of each cast gate place stress metal that obtains feature (b), horizontal running channel can be made to make in the cast gate group.For this reason, the direction that can transversely leave the charging down gate reduces the cross section of cross gate after each cast gate in succession, for example, makes cross gate have the degree of depth that reduces gradually.In addition, perhaps alternatively, can obtain feature (b) easily by casting mold with following configuration, promptly, when matrix was placed die cavity, the upper surface of matrix was inclined upwardly from the charging down gate, and just the direction of advancing along melt front is inclined upwardly.Therefore, under the influence of gravity, along the lateral dimension direction of melt front melt front is constrained to basically and advances equably.

Although tend to make the upper surface substantial horizontal of matrix usually or be inclined upwardly from the charging down gate, the upper surface of matrix can bring certain favourable part from the charging down gate when downward-sloping slightly in season.That is to say that upper surface can be directed downwards inclination along what melt front advanced.Downward-sloping benefit is the flow velocity that can increase metal.Can tilt to the viscosity which kind of degree depends on melt, the size of gradient must be restricted simultaneously, so that guarantee the interior pace of melt front uniformly that keeps basically of whole lateral extent ahead of the curve.

Although can adopt metal mold, have been found that sand mold is very suitable in the present invention.Casting mold is designed to be divided into two major parts, that is, and and drag box part and top case part.Drag box part and top case part preferably are contained in the casting mold support of steel, can be the each several part of casting mold for example with hydraulic clamp together by this support.Drag box partly has a cavity, wherein can place matrix, and this cavity forms at least a portion of die cavity simultaneously.The drag box part can have a cup, wherein receives the molten alloy from the charging down gate, and it can also have at least one horizontal running channel simultaneously.Top case partly has the bottom of charging down gate, and it can also have a cavity simultaneously, and this cavity constitutes the part of die cavity, and wherein can cast coating.In addition, the top case part also can have one group of horizontal cast gate, and at bottom and cast gate place away from the charging down gate, the top case part can have a transverse passageway that is used to admit unnecessary coating alloy.

The various piece of casting mold preferably can be clamped together by a clamping force, and this combines with the design of casting mold and can guarantee that casting mold reaches enough sealings.Therefore, can avoid seeking help from be arranged on the casting mold each several part relatively or the sealing device between the matching surface, save at pre-hot basal body and closed casting mold to prepare the time between the casting coating alloy.

In a kind of suitable structure, the drag box of casting mold part and top case partly its separately the support inner-use type sand and the adhesive of for example sodium silicate binder make.Although can adopt other molding sand, for example olivine sand and zircon sand, quartz sand suits.Be melted the alloy etch in order to reduce; the key component of cross gate and gate system can be made with the binding sand of the water-glass sand of for example selecting from olivine sand, zircon sand or chromite sand; perhaps if make with quartz sand, then the available fire-resistant mold wash of these parts is protected.Simultaneously, in order to improve the surface smoothness of casting coating, the mold cavity surface of available fire-resistant mold wash coating top case part.The support of each part can be made of all-welded mild steel channel-section steel, and preferably, the support of drag box part comprises a rod iron by the cup below, supports molding sand in order to the power that molten alloy the produced ground of resisting cast.

In the casting mold of this structure, the size of the cavity in the drag box part particularly along horizontal and vertical size, is enough to allow the thermal expansion of matrix.But, in the time of in matrix is placed into this cavity, its upper surface preferably with a relative circumference upper surface flush of drag box part, the upper surface of described drag box part engages with top case circumference lower surface partly.As will be described later in detail, the top case part preferably provides a clamping action to the edge of matrix on being clamped to the drag box part time.

As mentioned above, before the casting coating alloy, matrix is preheated.It is desirable to very much, finish preheating and begin to cast between time-delay the shortest, and after in matrix being placed the cavity of drag box part matrix to be carried out preheating be most realistic selection.In fact, can not be fully equably pre-hot basal body, thereby matrix distortion or crooked, upwards arch upward in its central area usually, but being upturned to a certain degree also very easily occur in edge.Casting coating alloy with this form on matrix can make distortion or crooked increase the weight of and further make to be difficult to produce useful bimetallic plates more.Simultaneously, distortion or crooked meeting for example make that reach feature recited above (b) becomes difficult.Thereby need the distortion of matrix or bottom line be reduced in bending or with its elimination.

Can adopt the metal bolts that is welded on the matrix lower surface and be fastened on the drag box casting mold support it with compensation or prevent the distortion or the bending of matrix with nut.Perhaps, can utilize the power that the drag box of casting mold part and top case partly are clamped together to produce compressive load, offset the distortion or the bending of matrix whereby matrix is pressed into the flat state that is similar to.In a technical process that is suitable for this, with one group of spaced and metal tape tack welding longitudinal extension on the upper surface of matrix, can be thereby on matrix, form casting alloy along its vertical passage that flows.In the technical process that another one is fit to, with a plurality of metal mold studs with the array tack welding of suitable setting to the upper surface of matrix.Described metal tape is processed to certain size, so that form the passage that the degree of depth corresponds essentially to required coating thickness, the composition of this metal tape can be similar to the composition of casting alloy, and is bonded in the coating as the part of coating.The chaplet that its thickness corresponds essentially to required coating layer ranges in thickness also can have composition similarly and be combined in the coating.

Partly be clamped together by closed casting mold and drag box part and top case, clamping force makes top case part jointing metal band or chaplet utilizes the compression stress that is produced to force matrix to be adjacent to the drag box part downwards thus.Can force matrix to form and be close to flat state, but between adjacent metal band or chaplet, arch upward slightly.This compression stress makes and matrix can be remained essentially in this state in the process of casting coating.

For the state that reaches this approximate pressing is adopting longitudinally metal tape or chaplet can cause the edge of matrix to be urged downwardly in the cavity of drag box part on the center of matrix.Thus, the molten alloy that can prevent to be used to form coating basically flows to the below of matrix.Yet, help pushing down matrix securely at the vertical side of the edge place.In order to reach back one purpose, for in these edges of matrix each, a corresponding vertical fire-resistant rod can be cast in the top case part of casting mold, these residing positions of fire-resistant rod are, when drag box part and top case partly were clamped together, corresponding fire-resistant rod joint was also pushed down an edge of matrix.Perhaps, when drag box part and drag box partly are clamped together, have the position of sufficient intensity at top case molding sand partly, above-mentioned corresponding fire-resistant rod can cover and clamp the longitudinal edge of matrix.

When casting mold partly was clamped together, the casting mold part abutted in together on relative circumferential surface, and contact area is enough to make the molding sand of casting mold each several part can bear clamping force.Simultaneously, being located immediately at the zone of the top case molding sand on each transverse edge of matrix, for example is 25 to 30mm, can bear the compression stress that is applied to it by the bending force that produces on matrix border because of thermal stress.But at the vertical band or the chaplet place that are used to flatten matrix, the compression stress on the unit are can reach the degree that top case molding sand partly is damaged.For avoiding this point, the top case part can comprise ceramic pins, covers most advanced and sophisticated metallic pin with pottery, fire-resistant longitudinally rod or analog, and they are transferred to compression stress on metal tape or the chaplet.Various pins, rod or analog can be fixed on the top case support partly or engage, thereby compression stress is passed to matrix from the top case support through pin, rod or analog and via metal tape or chaplet.

Near the cast gate place, may be difficult to push down the adjacent transverse edge of matrix.Thereby, in casting process, exist this edge lift of matrix and the danger below the motlten metal infiltration matrix.Because overheated motlten metal and the caused upper surface from matrix of flowing velocity is to the thermograde of lower surface and the bending force that is caused in matrix fast, this danger is very big.But if utilize chaplet to push down near the transverse edge of the matrix of cast gate, they are melted rapidly by the motlten metal that flows fast possibly, unless their size is enough big and/or be positioned at outside the direct metal flow of cast gate discharge.If adopt metal tape to push down matrix rather than employing chaplet, also similar situation can occur.Unless these metal tapes are not directly located with any cast gate with aiming at, thereby seldom or not can cause turbulent flow in metal flow, and seldom have an opportunity to make metal tape melt too quickly.Therefore, wish to have a kind of other method to eliminate and cause the distortion or the bending of the matrix that the transverse edge near cast gate lifts.

It is a kind of that to suppress the suitable method that the matrix transverse edge lifts be that crooked matrix is so that be forced to transverse edge to be depressed on the molding sand of drag box.The another kind of method that suppresses transverse edge is at steel band of downside welding of matrix along this edge.A suitable steel band, such as the mild steel steel band, its cross section can be 25 * 6mm for example, and is welded on the edge of the thick matrix of about 10mm.This steel band is accommodated in the transverse groove of a relative set in the drag box part, and the degree of depth of the cavity of drag box part is deepened.In casting process, the steel band that is provided with in this groove prevents that molten metal infiltration from arriving below the matrix border.

In order to realize the present invention, can be provided with a casting station that the drag box of casting mold is partly provided firm support, be used for handling easily the device of preheating furnace, and the device that is used for when finishing the preheating cycle of matrix, accurately placing and clamping with respect to the drag box part top case part.In casting station, can have a supporting construction that is installed on the firm supporting surface, and utilize its support that drag box is partly settled or is fixed on this supporting construction.Near supporting construction, be provided be used to pour into a mould molten alloy in case the casting coating device.This device can be a casting ladle that receives therein near the alloy of melting furnace.But preferably, melting furnace is near supporting construction and be suitable for molten alloy is poured in the casting mold.Melting furnace for example can be a tilting-type electric induction furnace.

The top case part of casting mold can be supported or be installed, so that can clamp the position rising of drag box part or drop to this position from one when needed.Can finish this motion of top case part by for example overhead winch of any proper device, telescopic hydraulic actuator etc.The support of top case part is provided preferably with the roller on the pillar that is supported on supporting construction, thereby in the motion process of top case part it is led.

In its position of raising, the top case part can be left an enough big distance above the drag box part, so that preheating furnace is arranged at therebetween.Supporting construction can comprise horizontally disposed track, constitute the part of preheating furnace or can between a retracted position and a progressive position, advance along this track the balladeur train that preheating furnace supports, in described forward position, preheating furnace is in the top of drag box part.

Preheating furnace can adopt multiple different form, gas-fired preheater for example, induction type preheater or anticipatory electric heater.For thick, the about 1950mm of 10mm matrix long and that 1050mm is wide is tested, a kind of suitable preheating furnace has a stainless steel casing under shed, and with the thick low heat capacity heat-barrier material of 125mm inner top surface and side surface are carried out heat insulationly, adopt the screw type Ni Keluomu nichrome resistance wire element that supports by earthenware simultaneously.This preheating furnace is linked to each other and its peak power output is 150KW with the control cabinet of a three-phase 415V.

In order to be easier to understand the present invention, describe referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic side view that is used for according to the Casting Equipment of test of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of equipment shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is that the part of equipment shown in Figure 1 is looked closely/cutaway view;

Fig. 4 is the side view of alternative another parts in the equipment shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 5 is the vertical view of alternative another parts shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is the vertical view of the drag box casting mold support of equipment shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 7 is the side view of support shown in Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is the end-view of support shown in Figure 6;

Fig. 9 to 11 is similar to Fig. 6 to 8, but expression is the top case support;

Figure 12 is the diagrammatic top view of common form that is used for the casting mold of equipment shown in Figure 1;

Figure 13 is the end-view of casting mold shown in Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the cutaway view along the A-A line intercepting of Figure 12;

Figure 15 is the cross gate of the casting mold of presentation graphs 1 apparatus shown and the end-view of gate system schematically;

Figure 16 is the schematic plan view of system shown in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is corresponding to Figure 12, but expression utilizes the details of the casting mold that adopts in the equipment testing shown in Figure 1;

Figure 18 is the cutaway view along the X-X line intercepting of Figure 17; And

Figure 19 is the cutaway view along the Y-Y line intercepting of Figure 17.

With reference to Fig. 1, Casting Equipment 10 has a supporting construction 12, and it is made and be fixed by bolts on the concrete foundation 14 by the steel member of welding.In casting station 16, structure 12 has a drag box part 18 that is fixed in the casting mold 19 in it.Above casting station 16, structure 12 also engages with the top case part 20 of casting mold 19, and at casting station 16 places near structure 12, equipment 10 comprises a melting furnace 22 simultaneously.Drag box part 18 is positioned on the structure 12 a fixing position.But, top case part 20 is supported by the chain system (not shown) of a gantry crane (not shown), thereby top case part 20 can move between raised position shown in Figure 1 and one dip, on dipping, the top case part can be clamped on the drag box part 18, so that closed casting mold 19, thereby carry out casting operation.In this motion process, top case part 20 is led by set roller (not shown), and described roller is advanced on the rail sections of the pillar (also not shown) of structure 12.

Equipment 10 comprises that also an adjustable ground is installed in the preheating furnace 24 on the supporting construction 12.In order to carry out this installation, structure 12 has a pair of along spaced long rails 12b, and described track begins to stretch out outside the drag box part along the direction of leaving melting furnace 22 from each side of drag box part 18.Preheating furnace 24 is installed on the balladeur train 28 by a hydraulic actuator 29, and balladeur train 28 has roller 30, by roller 30, balladeur train 28 can be advanced on track 12b, thereby make preheating furnace 24 from Fig. 1, move to the position shown in the double dot dash line among Fig. 1 by the retracted position shown in the solid line, between casting mold part 18 and 20, tightly be positioned at top (supposition top case part 20 is in its raised position) of drag box part 18 at back one position preheating furnace.

As Fig. 3 the most clearly represented, preheating furnace 24 had a shell 24a who becomes inverted groove, so it is to open wide downwards.The most handy stainless steel manufacturing of this shell and its horizontal and vertical size are all greater than the corresponding size of matrix S.The inner surface of shell 24a is lined with the heat-barrier material 24b of low heat capacity, and vertical array of the stratie 24c of horizontal expansion is housed in shell 24a.Heating element heater 24c can for example comprise the spirality Ni Keluomu nichrome resistance wire that is supported on the earthenware, and is suitable for by the energy heating from a suitable power supply (not shown).

To shown in Figure 14, casting mold has the corresponding sand mold part 18a and the 20a of drag box part 18 and top case part 20 as Figure 12. Part 18a and 20a be formation in the steel top case support 20b (seeing Fig. 9 to 11) of the steel drag box support 18b (seeing Fig. 6 to 8) of a welding and welding respectively.As can the most clearly seeing from Figure 12 to 14, drag box casting mold part 18a has the big rectangular enclosure 34 that wherein can place matrix S.Cavity 34 has the degree of depth corresponding to matrix thickness, and its vertical and horizontal size is enough to hold matrix S and has a space 36 that allows matrix S thermal expansion.

At the place, end of an end of and adjacent cavities 34 nearer from melting furnace 22, drag box casting mold part 18a has a cup 38, has a corresponding laterally running channel 40 (also being shown among Figure 15 and Figure 16) in each side of cup 38.Place, same end at top case casting mold part 20a is provided with a bottom feed down gate portion 42, and it vertically aligns with cup 38, and has 4 cast gates 44 in each side of down gate portion 42.Part 20a also has a big rectangular enclosure 46, and its degree of depth can be similar to the degree of depth of cavity 34, and this decides on the required coating thickness that is used for matrix S.But the transverse width of cavity 46 is less than the transverse width of cavity 34, and at it from the nearer place, ends of melting furnace 22, cavity 46 stretches out outside the cavity 34 to form a rectangular letter disk shape part and to realize and can be communicated with each cast gate 44.In another end of cavity 46, the overflow that part 20a has an increasing suppresses chamber 47, and it is above the end of matrix S.

The drag box part 18 of casting mold is installed or is fixed on the supporting construction 12, thus its upper surface, thereby just matrix S from the horizontal by a little angle.Specifically, as clearly shown in Figure 1, its set-up mode is that matrix S is inclined upwardly one to its far-end from its end near melting furnace 22 and is the angle in several years, for example is at most about 5 °, for example is inclined upwardly about 3 °.Top case part 20 can similarly tilt, and perhaps it can be a level basically, but is adjustable when it drops on the part 18, thus tilting with part 18 similar modes, thereby is convenient to closed casting mold.In addition, the actuator 29 that supports preheating furnace 24 above balladeur train 28 can be held in preheating furnace 24 from the horizontal by certain angle, thereby make preheating furnace 24 be arranged essentially parallel to matrix S, and actuator 29 can change the height of preheating furnace 24 above balladeur train 28 when needed, for example preheating furnace 24 dropped to the required separation distance place of matrix S top.

As mentioned above, the sand mold part 18a of the drag box part 18 of casting mold 19 and top case part 20 and 20a form on corresponding steel support 18b that welds and 20b.Shown in Fig. 6 to 8, support 18b has the cross section of one group of spaced and longitudinal extension for (the bottom channel-section steel 48a of C shape, the web of these channel-section steels are positioned at topmost.On channel-section steel 48a, support 18b has one group of longitudinally-spaced and cross section horizontal expansion is C shape top channel-section steel 48b, and their web also is positioned at topmost.Around the rectangular grid that is formed by channel-section steel 48a and 48b, a rectangle perimeter that is provided by the channel-section steel 48c of C tee section is provided support 18b.These channel-section steels are welded together securely at their intersection, and the upper flange of each channel-section steel 48c has along its length opening formed thereon at certain intervals simultaneously.

Shown in Figs. 9 to 11, top case support 20b is similar to drag box support 18b to a certain extent, and upward channel-section steel 49a corresponds respectively to channel-section steel 48a and 48b with following channel-section steel 49b, and peripheral channel-section steel 49c is corresponding to channel-section steel 48c.

As mentioned above, when closed casting mold, drag box part 18 and top case part 20 need be clamped together firmly, so that the interface between hermetic unit 18 and 20, prevent molten metal leakage, need simultaneously promptly to realize to clamp, so that heat loss is reduced to bottom line.For this reason, can adopt the clamping device of various ways.But preferred form is the device 70 shown in Fig. 9, on each position in many positions of casting mold periphery a corresponding device thereof 70 is set.Each device is contained on the respective holder 71 of welding at certain intervals along each channel-section steel 49c of support 20b.Each device 70 includes a hydraulic pressure Clothoid type clamp, and the trade mark that for example is commercially available is SU (L/R) the S201 type of ENERPAC, and it can provide the clamping force that is approximately 18.8KN under the oil pressure of about 35MPa.These devices have a cylinder body 72 on the support 20b that is installed in top case part 20, and an associated piston bar 74 that stretches out from cylinder body 72.The hydraulic line (not shown) is to cylinder body 72 fuel feeding, so that make bar 74 stretch out and withdraw with respect to cylinder body 72.Juncture between bar 74 and the cylinder body 72 thereof is that when bar stretched out or withdraws, it was along a direction or the rotation of another direction.

Below each device 70, the support 18b of drag box part 18 has in the above-mentioned opening (not shown) that cuts out accordingly on the upper flange of corresponding channel-section steel 48c.Each opening is of a size of, when top case part 20 drops on the drag box part 18 and bar 74 when stretching out, and bar 74 and be fixed on a eccentric hoop 75 on the bar 74 by this opening.So bar 74 can be return, and when rotation synchronously, its ring 75 joins the below of the flange that cuts out described opening thereon to.Therefore, under the effect, drag box part 18 and top case part 20 can be clamped together securely in several devices 70.

When closed casting mold, require part 18 and 20 to be clamped together, so that between the apparent surface of surrounding cavity 34 and 46, obtain sealing, thereby prevent motlten metal leakage betwixt basically.Described clamping preferably can obtain by the molding sand between casting mold part 18 and 20-molding sand surface contact, and need not to adopt sealing device.

By raising casting mold part 20, matrix S is positioned in the cavity 34.Before this, at least the upper surface of matrix S is handled, so that remove all oxides.This for example can be by sandblast or blast cleaning, employing is wheeled or belt-type grinder or pickling are carried out.In the time will putting into cavity 34 through the matrix S of cleaning, its upper surface is protected by the flux coating, and for example by comprising the flux powder, the flux of liquid flux or the flux powder in liquid suspensions forms described flux coating.Flux can prevent the oxidation once more of matrix S basically, if necessary, also can adopt other means of describing in detail in this specification to replace flux.Then, preheating furnace 24 is moved to its position above drag box part 18, so that matrix S is heated to enough preheat temperatures along track 12b.

Be appreciated that preheating furnace 24 utilizes heat energy that the temperature of matrix S is elevated to enough degree, thereby combine, realize required the combination with the formation of casting coating alloy with the overheated of molten alloy in melting furnace 22.Although preheating furnace 24 can be as described above electric heater preferably, also can be gas heater or induction furnace.

Before the cycling of describing the casting coating in detail, should be appreciated that by 24 pairs of substrate preheatings of preheating furnace, for example be preheating to about 750 ℃, will in matrix S, cause thermal stress and cause its distortion.In addition, by cast alloy in the die cavity that comprises cavity 34 and 46 molten alloy is casted on the matrix S and can strengthens thermal stress and distortion.As described structure so far in, distortion can hinder the production of useful bimetallic plates significantly.In order to produce this product, need to adopt many further characteristics, and combine with the inclination of drag box part 18 and matrix S and the configuration of cross gate 40 and cast gate 44.

As shown in the figure, after each cast gate 44, the bottom 40a of each cross gate 40 be make progress into step-like, thereby the cross section of each cross gate 40 laterally reducing along down gate cup 38.Particularly, below under the casting condition that will describe in detail, being shaped as of each cross gate, motlten metal is with essentially identical pressure and flow rate and direction and by each cast gate 44.The liquid stream utmost point of the separation that motlten metal produced by cast gate 44 promptly forms a single motlten metal stream, can not produce the uneven of motlten metal along matrix S simultaneously and vertically flow.By matrix S being tilted also help avoiding this uneven flowing, because be the effect of revolting gravity along the molten metal flow of matrix.Inhomogeneous mobile situation is opposite with producing, and in fact will produce a melt front, and what this forward position was preferably in matrix S transversely is uniform substantially, and vertically advances along matrix S with this form basically.

For the thermal stress effects at the transverse edge place of the matrix S that remedies at more close melting furnace 22, in this edge, (for example its cross section is approximately 25 * 6mm) and is welded on the edge with a steel band 50 on the lower surface ground that crosses matrix S.In drag box casting mold part 18a and form the interconnection 52 of a correspondence at the place, corresponding end of cavity 34, thereby when matrix S was put into cavity 34, steel band 50 fitly was contained in the passage 52.By steel band 50 is set, prevented deformation basically near the matrix S of cast gate 44, also prevented basically in this leakage of edge's molten alloy below matrix S simultaneously.By below the steel band 50 the ceramic fibre seal being set in passage 52 or analog can suppress above-mentioned leakage further.In addition, if the capacity of preheating furnace is lower, also can in cavity 34 and below the almost whole zone of matrix S, one deck ceramic fiber paper be set, because this barrier material below matrix can help to shorten the required time of pre-hot basal body S.

Such just as will be appreciated, steel band 50 is set just owing to preventing that matrix S more is out of shape or crooked a kind of suitable arrangement near the transverse edge place of melting furnace 22 at it.As top described in detail, be included in for the alternate manner that reaches this purpose and adopt chaplet or vertical steel band on the upper surface of matrix S, perhaps metal bolts is welded on the downside of matrix S.Perhaps, can adopt suitable casting mold design, so that the transverse edge of matrix S can be pressed on the drag box casting mold under compulsion by the molding sand of top case casting mold.

As previously described, the lateral dimension of the cavity 46 among the top case casting mold part 20a is less than the lateral dimension of the cavity 34 among the drag box casting mold part 18a.This difference in size is greater than expansion gap 36, thereby when closed casting mold, the longitudinal boundary S ' of matrix S is engaged by the crossover region of top case casting mold part 20a.At least for the major part of this overlapping, part 20a can be provided with a fire-resistant pottery and insert bar 54.The structure of inserting bar 54 is, under the situation that drag box part and top case partly are clamped together, each bar 54 is forced to be pressed in downwards on corresponding each matrix border S '.Prevent that to seal the necessary power of molten metal leakage is enough to make insertion bar 54 that border S ' is remained essentially in flat state thereby be used for closed casting mold, thereby and prevent that motlten metal from leaking into the below of matrix S significantly via these borders.But, be not that ceramic bar 54 must be set, be that the top case molding sand of available covering border S ' is realized their effect under the flat situation basically because be enough to make border S ' maintenance in the intensity of top case molding sand.

The distortion of control matrix S is arrived the below of matrix border so that prevent molten metal leakage, and this is crucial for the production of carrying out useful bimetallic plates.But for coating, it also is crucial that its thickness has the good homogeneous degree, particularly in the center of matrix, because usually very serious in the arch of this zone matrix.In order to reduce this distortion of center at least, the suitable interval device of being made by suitable alloy is set on the upper surface of matrix, and for example fixes this escapement by tack welding.In illustrated structure, described device comprises circular chaplet or the disk 56 of a row, and the thickness of each in them is corresponding to the required thickness of coating.When drag box part and top case partly were clamped together, being added in compression stress on the disk 56, to play a part that matrix is pressed downward to cavity 34 interior, thereby matrix presents the state of slightly flat.Between adjacent disk 56, arching upward upwards still can take place in matrix S, but thisly arches upward relatively very for a short time, and its scope can be controlled by the interval between the disk 56 simultaneously.As shown in the figure, on the whole central area of matrix S, can adopt disk 56, also can adopt this disk simultaneously along its transverse edge away from stove 22.

In order to form the casting coating to make bimetallic plates on the matrix S of preheating, the molten alloy that will be in suitable overtemperature is poured in the casting mold by stove 22, with cavity filling 46.In demand is quick cavity filling 46.This will guarantee and will remain on a suitable level by the matrix S of preheating and the overheated whole thermal energy balance that alloy brought, till the filling of finishing cavity 46, thereby between coating and matrix S, be attained at required combination the on therebetween the almost whole interface.For cavity filling 46 apace, a runner basin is installed on top case part 20.

Figure 1 illustrates a runner basin 58, it is used to produce the initial experiment that substrate and coating layer ranges in thickness are respectively the bimetallic plates that are approximately 600 * 600mm of 10mm.Pouring basin 58 is gone up charging down gate portion 59 by means of one and is installed with respect to top case part 20, and described charging down gate portion 59 makes the inside of pouring basin 58 be communicated with the bottom feed down gate portion 42 of top case part 20.Pouring basin 58 and last down gate portion 59 rise and descend with the top case part.Along with part 20 is lowered by and is clamped on the drag box part 18, turn forward at melting furnace 22, when promptly tilting to pouring basin 58 tops, pouring basin 58 is arranged for admitting the molten alloy from melting furnace 22.

Utilize the operation of pouring basin 58 and down gate portion 59 can satisfy the production size usually greatly to the requirement of the bimetallic plates of 600 * 600mm.But, for this plate, found preferably to adopt the structure shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, and for producing larger sized bimetallic plates, then must adopt this structure.The structure of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 comprise a runner basin 58 ' and one go up charging down gate portion 59 '.Fig. 4 and pouring basin 58 shown in Figure 5 ' and down gate portion 59 ' and pouring basin shown in Figure 1 58 and part 59 between important difference be:

(ⅰ) part 59 ' height reduce, and correspondingly increase pouring basin 58 ' height and internal capacity;

(ⅱ) pouring basin 58 ' the exit position with respect to down gate portion 59 ' more close center; And

(ⅲ) pouring basin 58 ' on a top is set, thereby when inclination melting furnace 22 with to pouring basin 58 ' interior cast molten alloy the time, pouring basin 58 ' quilt is basically around the export place sealing of melting furnace 22.

Because these difference, in fact can to pouring basin 58 ' in topple over the molten alloy of the required basic capacity of the casting coating of the bimetallic plates that form appropriate size.In addition, owing to utilize pouring basin 58 ' can form more direct through-flow to a great extent, molten alloy can be with higher flow velocity via down gate portion 59 ' flow in the casting mold 19 from pouring basin.Thereby the melt front of the molten alloy that forms on the matrix S in casting mold 19 can pass matrix S at faster speed and advance, thereby can keep thermal energy balance and evenly finish casting in during consistent at one.

Be appreciated that to pouring basin 58 ' in topple over molten alloy and can in casting mold 19, form a melt front apace.In addition, melt front can begin to pass matrix S apace and advances.Thereby, make beginning to pour into a mould and pass matrix S ground to produce between the flowing of a suitable molten alloy the shortest time is arranged, thereby just make the loss minimum of heat energy.This advantage can mutually combine with the following further feature that can be reached by 10 of equipment, promptly, after matrix S is preheated stove 24 preheatings, preheating furnace can be withdrawn along track 12b soon, and top case part 20 can be to descend extremely short time delay and to be clamped on the drag box part then.Thereby, can with from finish preheating up to finish the casting this during in heat-energy losses reduce to minimum.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, runner basin 58 ' the have shape of rectangle block.It has a shell 60 made from steel plate and the liner 61 of a refractory material.In its latter half, the inner surface of liner 61 to one lead to down gate portion 59 ' outlet assemble an inside that is similar to the funnel of square-section slightly of pouring basin 58 ' have.

Melting furnace 22 is induction furnaces that are used to melt coating alloy, and it can tilt, so as the alloy furnace charge of fusion can be poured into pouring basin 58 ' in.In use, the furnace charge of fusion be poured into pouring basin 58 ' in, thereby make the pressure head of motlten metal wherein that but a stable very strong driving force is provided, to be used for cavity filling 46.Under the situation of structure shown in Figure 1, pouring basin 58 has an open-top 64 that is elongated rectangle, and to be used to limit a chamber 66 between 42a of down gate portion and melting furnace 22, this chamber is separated with down gate portion 59 by a transverse ridge 68.Melt is poured into a mould rather than is toppled over the pouring basin 58 that enters at chamber 66 places, simultaneously, when melt flows to fill down gate portion 59 and 42 and when the height of melt is raised to ridge 68 tops in the pouring basin 58, ridge 68 plays a part to prevent the excessive turbulent flow of generation in melt.

In Figure 17 to 19, show one when adopting equipment shown in Figure 1 because the details of the casting mold 119 in the test, in this test, produce 1800 * 1000 * 10mm and add the thick bimetallic plates of 10mm, just the area of this plate is 1800 * 1000mm, and the casting coating of 10mm is attached on the thick matrix of 10mm.In Figure 17 to 19, have identical reference number corresponding to the parts of parts shown in Figure 12 to 14, but on this label, add 100.Yet the description of being carried out mainly is limited to casting mold 119 and is different from 19 parts of casting mold shown in Figure 12 to 14.

Casting mold 119 has a drag box casting mold part 118a and top case casting mold part 120a who is made by the molding sand of bonding.Although do not illustrate in Figure 17 to 19, each part 118a and 120a form in a corresponding steel support, and for part 118a, described support is shown in Fig. 6 to 8, and for part 120a, described support such as Fig. 9 are to shown in Figure 11.

The cavity 134 of casting mold part 118a has the lateral dimension that is approximately 1120mm, and this larger about 20mm, reserves the expansion clearance 136 of about 10mm than the initial lateral dimension of matrix S thus in each side of matrix S.Equally, matrix S has the initial longitudinal size that is approximately 1950mm, and the longitudinal size of cavity 134 is approximately 1970mm, thereby provides the gap 136 that is approximately 20mm in the end away from melting furnace 22 of matrix S (Fig. 1) and bottom down gate portion 142 places.In addition, part 118a and the 120a molding sand by therebetween is clamped together to reach sealing contacting of molding sand.For this reason and in order to prevent that matrix S from lifting in its edge, the transverse width of the cavity 146 of top case casting mold part 120a is approximately 1050mm, is pushed down by the overlapping surf zone of top case casting mold part 120a thereby beginning the time is about each lateral boundaries S ' of the wide matrix S of 25mm.In addition, along the end of matrix S plug is not set, but the end boundaries S of matrix S " is pushed down by the overlapping surf zone of top case casting mold part 120a similarly away from melting furnace 22.Border S " beginning the time also is that about 25mm is wide; it is due to the fact that causes; promptly; the longitudinal size of cavity 146 is about 1925mm; and the original dimension of matrix S be about 1950mm (and; being about 1970mm with the longitudinal size of cavity 134 among the drag box casting mold part 118a compares, and it has a tip-clearance 136).

Shown in Figure 17 to 18, each side of down gate 142 has two cast gates 144, can make molten alloy flow through from each cross gate 140 by them.Equally, each cross gate 140 little by little reduces the degree of depth after each waters 144, so that melt pressure and flow velocity by each cast gate 144 are equated basically.

In the end away from stove 22 of casting mold 119, top case casting mold part 120a limits an overflow equally and suppresses chamber 147, and it is positioned at the top of the respective end of matrix S.But relatively Figure 14 and Figure 19 have a difference afterwards as can be seen between casting mold 19 and casting mold 119.In casting mold 19, the position of cavity 47 is on the end edge of matrix S.On the contrary, in casting mold 119, cavity 147 is positioned at the top of matrix S and " is separated with this edge by border S.In Figure 14, shown cavity 47 is an interconnection under shed among the top case casting mold part 120a simply, but needs by the ventilation of part 20a ground.In Figure 19, cavity 147 equally also is an interconnection under shed, for example is about 115 * 115mm in the cutaway view of Figure 19, but cavity 147 communicates with top case casting mold part 120a by three ventilation 147a are set along its length.

As mentioned above, " locate a matrix S pushes down casting mold 119 with another border S at two border S '.Simultaneously as shown in the figure, be provided with a transverse belt 150, it is located in the interconnection 152 that forms in the drag box casting mold part 118a transverse edge of contiguous melting furnace 22 of matrix S and down gate 142.Although do not illustrate among the figure, need setting to prevent matrix S to the enterolithic device in its edge, this device can comprise alloy band or the chaplet as front mistake described in detail.

Utilize equipment shown in Figure 1 to test, wherein, adopt the casting mold shown in Figure 17 to 19, this casting mold is contained in the support shown in the support shown in Fig. 6 to 8 and Fig. 9 to 11.In these trials, casting mold is arranged to make it be inclined upwardly about 3 ° from melting furnace 22.Matrix is thick malleable No. 250 low carbon steel plates of 10mm, and its original dimension is that 1050mm is wide, and 1950mm is long.The alloy that is used for the coating that formation 10mm is thick on each matrix is the 15/3Cr-Mo high chromium white iron with nearest eutectic composition, and it is suitable for forming a kind of wear-resisting clad material.

By upper surface, promptly will carry out abrasive jet cleaning with the preparation matrix in conjunction with the surface of coating on it to each matrix.The surface through abrasive jet cleaning of each matrix does not have oxide basically, and the commercial copper that coating can obtain from CIGWELD on sand blasted surface and the suspension of brass flux then are used for protecting matrix not oxidized and promote the formation of diffusion combination at warm.In addition, the mold wash of coating zirconia base on the bottom surface of each matrix is to prevent combining between matrix and any casting alloy that is penetrated into below the matrix.

Before matrix stands abrasive jet cleaning, the steel band of a 25 * 6mm is crossed its leading edge, be welded on the edge of bottom surface of each matrix the transverse edge of promptly more close stove 22.This is in order to be reduced in the danger that molten metal infiltration arrives the below of matrix in the casting process.In addition, on the upper surface of each matrix, bending control device is set.Under the situation of first group of matrix, control device comprises that being positioned of three 10 * 3mm is welded in the steel band on the upper surface of each matrix, and to form four different vertical passages with identical transverse width, the casting of molten alloy can be along these channel flow.In second group of matrix, do not adopt this steel band; But the control device that is used for each matrix is made of 24 plate-like high-chromium white cast iron chaplets, and its diameter is 25mm, and thickness is 10mm, and they are welded on the matrix by point with a uniform array.In each case, control device all can guarantee to suppress the bending of matrix, thereby it can not disturb flowing of molten alloy within the specific limits, all thus molten alloies will flow through matrix zone and can wetting other zone.

For each test, the hypereutectic high-chromium white iron of the about 260kg of handle melts and is heated between 1600 ℃ to 1650 ℃ in the tilting-type induction furnace.This expression is approximately overheated 350 ℃.In the process in fusing cycle, bath composition is adjusted to suitable composition and be about to cast before extract a final spectra sample.

In fusion process, a matrix is placed in the drag box part of casting mold and be preheating to about 750 ℃.Under this preheat temperature, flux is liquid, and wetting matrix has also greatly reduced oxidation, but before the casting white iron, the time that matrix should be remained on this temperature is reduced to bottom line.Because making the temperature of whole substrate in warm fully evenly is impossible physically, and the marginal portion is lower than the temperature of the core of matrix, end face is than the temperature height of bottom surface, so matrix will a little upwards arch upward and bending.Therefore, tackle matrix and carry out soaking about 10 minutes after reaching preheat temperature, this makes temperature be tending towards homogenising and reduces and arch upward.The time of preheating cycle should make that liquid metal is in correct overtemperature and can be used for casting when matrix during by complete preheating.

When finishing preheating, close preheating furnace, it is lifted and shifts to the next door.By reducing top case and the each several part of casting mold being clamped and with the casting mold closure with hydraulic pressure.Then, inject liquid metal and make it on matrix, to flow through immediately.Remove preheating furnace, the whole operation of closed casting mold and cast need at a good pace be carried out, so that heat loss is reduced to minimum.These operations preferably spend less than one fen half, thereby make the matrix of preheating and the temperature of melt descend all quite little.The metal of cast 260kg is only in seconds finished, so that guarantee the fast flow velocity of liquid metal on matrix surface.

After casting, make casting mold keep clamped condition about 30 minutes, so that allow in cross gate and spill cavity, to have enough solidifying.Then, unload top case and make foundry goods further cool off.When cooling, bimetallic plates are taken out from casting mold, the cast gate of excision plate back and unnecessary metal are also cleared up this plate.In addition, because matrix is clamped between the casting mold each several part at boundary, cause coating can not extend on the border of matrix, so this border is also excised, be 1800 * 1000mm and the bimetallic plates that on the thick matrix steel plate of 10mm, have the white iron coating of a thick 10mm thereby an area is provided.

When the top case part of the casting mold that is formed for initial trial, the exposed K type thermocouple of R type and top that responds fast is installed in the top case casting mold, stretch in the coating cavity thereby make them pass molding sand.R type thermocouple is used to measure the cast metal temperature above matrix after the casting, and the effect of K type thermocouple is to measure the flow velocity of cast metal and materials flow distribution.Find that in the process of test procedure the response time of R type thermocouple is almost equal with the response time of K type thermocouple, so only use R type thermocouple in the test afterwards.

Find that the quality of the bimetallic plates of making by these tests is splendid.Although some plate has bending a little when cooling, these bendings can be eliminated.Find that also the white iron coating does not have defective and its thickness that the good homogeneous degree is arranged basically.Find that simultaneously coating has reached with the perfect diffusion of matrix and combined, and it is characterized by, it has a very narrow land, does not demonstrate the vestige of matrix fusing on it basically.In addition, in the layer of coating, also be combined with control device similarly.

These tests show, in order to produce the bimetallic plates with good quality, need:

(a) under the situation of the coating that high chromium white iron is provided on the steel matrix, for obtaining good combination at all sites, when melt-flow is crossed matrix, any one position in casting mold, the temperature of melt should not be reduced to about below 1400 ℃, and matrix is in a suitable preheat temperature.

(b) cast metal must balancedly be flow through the whole substrate surface basically.

(c) for fear of use too high overtemperature in melt, cast must be fast.

(d) removing with the clamping of casting mold of preheating furnace must be carried out as quick as thought, so that reduce to the heat loss of pre-hot basal body and melt minimum.

(e), must not adopt outer seal ground to obtain the sealing of casting mold in order to save time.

At last, should be appreciated that under the prerequisite that does not exceed the spirit and scope of the invention, can carry out various variations, remodeling and/or additional the structure and the layout of each several part described above.

Claims (24)

1. method that is used to produce the composite metal product that comprises bimetallic plates, wherein, will be by a kind of first metal plate (below be referred to as " matrix ") preheating, simultaneously, pre-hot basal body is placed in the die cavity of a casting mold, and the first type surface that makes matrix up, for the part of the degree of depth of filling die cavity, one is casted on the described first type surface of matrix by the second metal part (below be referred to as " coating "), to form described bimetallic plates with matrix; Before the casting coating, make described first type surface not have oxide also it to be protected so that it is not oxidized basically with suitable coating; Coating is formed by the melt casting of the required composition of this coating, and under an overtemperature, pour into a mould, thereby with preheating, between matrix and coating, reach whole thermal energy balance, and make and between the first type surface of matrix and coating, to realize the diffusion combination matrix; Simultaneously wherein, by the feasible easier required thermal energy balance that reaches of following mode, promptly, make melt enter die cavity forming the cast gate that is communicated with between at least one cross gate and the die cavity by one group, and described cast gate group is with respect to wherein the mobile horizontally set of passing through of melt, whereby, melt forms the melt front of a horizontal expansion, and make melt front leave cast gate ground on the matrix surface with a whole lateral extent at melt front in basically even velocity advance.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized by, and the first kind of metal that forms matrix is selected from titanium, nickel, cobalt, ferrous alloy, titanium-base alloy, nickel-base alloy and cobalt-base alloys.

3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized by, and the second kind of metal that forms coating is selected from copper, nickel, cobalt, ferrous alloy, acid bronze alloy, nickel-base alloy and cobalt-base alloys.

4. as any one the described method in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized by, first and second kinds of metal components are different.

5. as any one the described method in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized by, first and second kinds of metal components are basic identical or be closely related.

6. what the described method as appointing in the claim 1 to 5 is characterized by, and the diffusion combination is to obtain under the situation that does not have fusing on the described first type surface of matrix basically.

7. as any one the described method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized by, the described first type surface of matrix is selected from abrasive jet cleaning by a kind of, grit blast, and blast cleaning is removed oxide basically with method wheeled or belt grinder polishing or pickling.

8. as any one the described method in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized by, by when applying flux on the described surface, protecting the first type surface of matrix not oxidized to form diaphragm flux melts simultaneously in preheating.

9. as any one the described method in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized by, protect the described first type surface of matrix not oxidized by the deposition proper metal.

10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized by, and deposits proper metal with the mode of chemical plating or plating.

11. any one the described method as in the claim 1 to 7 is characterized by, and protects the described first type surface of matrix not oxidized by the coating that applies the aquadag that includes a kind of silicate binder.

12. as any one the described method in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized by, described matrix is a rectangle, simultaneously, near and form melt front along border land of matrix, this melt front advances to the matrix border relative with a described edge.

13. any one the described method as in the claim 1 to 12 is characterized by, the lateral extent of melt front is the whole lateral extent of extend through matrix basically.

14. any one the described method as in the claim 1 to 13 is characterized by, so that the mode that melt pressure equates basically at each cast gate place makes melt enter die cavity.

15. method as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized by, the equal of melt pressure realized by matrix is placed in the die cavity in the following manner at least in part, promptly, the first type surface of matrix is inclined upwardly along the direction that melt front advances, thus, in the whole lateral extent of melt front, the influence of gravity constraint melt front advances basically equably.

16. any one the described method as in the claim 1 to 15 is characterized by, the preheating of matrix is carried out after matrix being placed in the die cavity.

17. any one the described method as in the claim 1 to 16 is characterized by, matrix is eliminated the bending that causes because of fuel factor or the mode of deformation suffers restraints with a kind of to small part.

18. method as claimed in claim 17 is characterized by, and receives on the matrix downside and the bolt that is limited in securely by nut on the drag box casting mold support of casting mold retrains matrix by an assembly welding.

19. method as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized by, by utilize the top case of casting mold partly and the clamping force that partly is clamped together of drag box retrain matrix, produce a compressive load thus, this load plays a part matrix is pressed near flat state.

20. method as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized by, be connected on spaced and metal longitudinal extension of on the matrix first type surface one group by tack welding and bring the bound base body, and the size of metal tape made can form the passage that a plurality of its degree of depth correspond essentially to required coating layer ranges in thickness, clamping force partly compresses matrix by the top case that rests on the metal tape thus.

21. method as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized by, matrix is used restraint by the metal mold stud that a plurality of tack weldings are connected on the matrix first type surface, and the thickness of described chaplet is corresponding to required coating thickness, and clamping force partly compresses matrix by the top case that rests on the chaplet thus.

22. a former that is used to produce bimetallic plates, these bimetallic plates have a plate that is formed by first kind of metal (below be referred to as " matrix ") and part that is formed by the second kind of metal that is cast on the matrix (below be referred to as " coating "); Wherein, described equipment comprises a casting mold with drag box part and top case part; Drag box partly limits the die cavity that part is formed by casting mold, wherein can be so that the mode that the first type surface of matrix makes progress is placed matrix; Top case partly limits the part of die cavity, whereby, when casting mold is in closure state, can pour into a mould the melt that is used to form the required composition of coating, so that fill the die cavity part of matrix top, thereby forms coating; The each several part of casting mold limits one group and form the cast gate that is communicated with between at least one cross gate and die cavity; The cast gate group is with respect to the mobile horizontally set of melt by them, thereby can form the melt front of a horizontal expansion; The structure of this equipment is, melt front can leave cast gate ground on matrix surface with in the lateral extent ahead of the curve basically even velocity advance, thus, the overheated of preheating by matrix and melt and when between matrix and coating, obtaining suitable thermal energy balance, between the first type surface of matrix and coating, can realize spreading combination.

23. equipment as claimed in claim 22, further comprise the device that is used to make the top case part vertically between a down position and lifting position, to move, at described down position, top case part and drag box partly can be clamped together with the casting mold closure, in described lifting position, can be positioned at matrix in the die cavity part that partly limits by drag box.

24. as claim 22 or 23 described equipment, further comprise heater, when the top case of casting mold part when drag box partly leaves, this heater can move to forward position from a retracted position above the drag box part, this heater can preheating place the interior matrix of drag box part thus.

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