CN1300623C - Secondary reflection type broad band polarizing prism set anti dazzle spectroscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a secondary reflection type broad band polarization prism set anti-dazzle spectroscope which is composed of two rows of prisms which are mutually reverse by opposite splicing, wherein two sides of each prism in one row of prisms are respectively combined with the sides which correspond to two adjacent prisms in the other row of prisms, and two conjunction sides are formed. The two adjacent conjunction sides are not parallel; two conjunction sides which are separated with a conjunction side are parallel, and after the two rows of prisms are spliced, two parallel conjunction side groups are formed. Each conjunction side in at least one parallel conjunction side group is coated with a broad band polarization film series to become a polarization side; side light which forms two prisms of the polarization side is glued together; the broad band polarization film series is alternately formed by multiple layers of films with high refractivity and low refractivity; the conjunction sides which are not coated with the broad band polarization film series form a reflecting side; the prism groups can output polarized light with the consistent polarization direction by the adjusting function of the output reflecting side to the polarization direction of the output light. The present invention can solve the problems of the existing polarizer on the aspects of temperature-resistant performance, area and prices, and the dazzy problem is thoroughly solved.

Description

Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope

Technical field

The invention belongs to the anti-dazzle arrangement of installing on the lighting of communications and transportation carrier, Construction Operating Machinery at night.

Background technology

Existing glare reduction techniques is to use method of geometrical optics, realizes by the structure of the luminophor of light fixture, catoptron, lens and shape being optimized handle, and can not thoroughly solve glare problem; Existing attempt the technical scheme of using polarized light anti-dazzle, the polarizer of intending adopting is divided three classes: polaroid, liquid crystal and polarized glass.The heatproof upper limit of polaroid and liquid crystal is low excessively, and polarized glass can not reach enough big area on production technology, and costs an arm and a leg, so the polarization glare reduction techniques still fails to be achieved.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of new anti-dazzle polarizer scheme, it is a kind of Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope, with secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group as the polarizer, can solve the existing polarizer in heat resistance, area and problem in price, thereby realize the polarization glare reduction techniques, thoroughly solve glare problem.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope is installed in the place ahead of luminophor in the light fixture; It is characterized in that:described anti-dazzle spectroscope is made of the relative amalgamation of prism that two rows are inverted relation each other, every row's prism all is made up of the prism that several are parallel to each other, and its amalgamation structure is:wherein corresponding with two adjacent edges mirror in another row's prism respectively side, two sides of each prism in row's prism fits together and forms two conjunction surfaces; Two adjacent conjunction surfaces are not parallel; Two conjunction surfaces of the conjunction surface in interval are parallel; Form two parallel conjunction surface groups after two row's prism amalgamations; Each conjunction surface in each conjunction surface group is parallel to each other; Have at least in described two parallel conjunction surface groups and be coated with wideband polarization film system on each conjunction surface in the parallel conjunction surface group and become polarizing surface; The side optical cement of two prisms of described formation polarizing surface together; Described wideband polarization film system alternately is made of the book film of multilayer high index of refraction and low-refraction bi-material

The refractive index n of prism material _P, high refractive index layer refractive index n _H, low-index film refractive index n _L, light is at the incident angle i at prism and rete interface _PBetween relation satisfy following mathematical expression:

$n_P{\sin i}_P=n_H{n}_L\sqrt{{n_H}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; L"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_L}^2}$

The centre wavelength of polarization wavestrip is λ ₀, the geometric thickness d of high refractive index layer _H, light is at the refraction angle of high refractive index layer i _HBetween relation satisfy following mathematical expression:

n _Hd _Hcosi _H＝λ ₀/4

The centre wavelength of polarization wavestrip is λ ₀, the geometric thickness d of low-index film _L, light is at the refraction angle of low-index film i _LBetween relation satisfy following mathematical expression:

n _Ld _Lcosi _L＝λ ₀/4

Total rete number that described formation wideband polarization film is is an odd number, and two outermost retes are high refractive index layer.

Two sides of described each prism are vertical mutually, two prisms of the adjacent relation of being inverted each other form one and play inclined to one side unit, each rises has a side to be coated with described wideband polarization film system and becomes polarizing surface in two sides that two mutual optical cements of prism in the inclined to one side unit fit together, the conjunction surface between two adjacent inclined to one side unit is a reflecting surface; Constitute in each two prism that play inclined to one side unit the luminophor of the bottom surface of a prism towards light fixture all arranged, the bottom surface of another prism is the luminophor of light fixture dorsad, reflecting surface between described two adjacent inclined to one side unit is the input reflection face for described bottom surface towards the prism of luminophor, reflecting surface between described two adjacent inclined to one side unit is the output reflection face for the prism of the backward luminous body in described bottom surface, the angle value at two base angles of each prism is respectively: 45 °+i '/2 and 45 °-i '/2, wherein: the light that i ' sends for luminophor at the refracted ray after the bottom surface refraction of luminophor at the projection of prism cross-section and the angle of prism bottom surface normal.

The structure of the reflecting surface between described inclined to one side unit is: plate the reflection horizon on the prism side as the output reflection face, the refractive index n of reflector material _R=n _r-in _i, the material in this reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient n _i, refractive index n _RReal part n _rSatisfy one of following two mathematical expressions:

Mathematical expression one: n _P＜n _r＜n _PTani _r,

Mathematical expression two: n _r＜n _PAnd n _PSini _r≤ n _r＜n _PTani _r

N wherein _PBe the refractive index of prism, i _rThe light that sends for described luminophor incides the incident angle of reflecting surface in prism, described adjacent two are risen between two adjacent sides of inclined to one side unit air-gap is arranged.

The structure of the reflecting surface between described inclined to one side unit is: agree with into plating reflection horizon, a side is arranged on two prism side of reflecting surface after optical cement together, the refractive index n of reflector material _R=n _r-in _i, the material in this reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient n _i, refractive index n _RReal part n _rSatisfy one of following two mathematical expressions:

Mathematical expression one: n _P＜n _r＜n _PTani _r

Mathematical expression two: n _r＜n _PAnd n _PSini _r≤ n _r＜n _PTani _r

N wherein _PBe the refractive index of prism, i _rThe light that sends for described luminophor incides the incident angle of reflecting surface in prism.

The structure of the reflecting surface between described inclined to one side unit is: the reflection horizon is all arranged agreeing with on two prism side of reflecting surface, as the refractive index n of the reflector material of output reflection face _R=n _r-in _i, the material in this reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient n _i, refractive index n _RReal part n _rSatisfy one of following two mathematical expressions:

Mathematical expression one: n _P＜n _r＜n _PTani _r

Mathematical expression two: n _r＜n _PAnd n _PSini _r≤ n _r＜n _PTani _r

N wherein _PBe the refractive index of prism, i _rThe light that sends for described luminophor incides the incident angle of reflecting surface in prism.

The structure of described reflecting surface is: between two adjacent sides of adjacent two the inclined to one side unit that constitute this reflecting surface air-gap is arranged.

Outside the described reflection horizon high temperature resistance protective layer is arranged.

The present invention has following positive beneficial effect:

The light group of existing glare reduction techniques is made up of luminophor, catoptron, lens, adopts the mode that distance light, dipped beam switch to prevent to dazzle the eyes, and its distance light is dazzle the eyes strongly, though dipped beam has reduced dazzle, can not thoroughly eliminate and dazzle the eyes problem.Dazzle has caused light pollution, influences traffic speed, brings out traffic hazard.Technical scheme of the present invention is to set up anti-dazzle spectroscope in the light group, anti-dazzle spectroscope is made of secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group, the observer who is furnished with antidazzle mirror meets light positive and looks this light source, its brightness, color approach the general-utility car Brake lamp, and change with viewing angle, its brightness is lower, and color is deepened gradually; And the scenery under the observation light, the brightness influence is very little, and color is unaffected.Secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group of the present invention can constitute large-area polarizer, also can be used for other purposes except that being used for anti-dazzle spectroscope.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the installation site synoptic diagram of an anti-dazzle spectroscopical embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is along the A-A cut-open view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of the embodiment that analyses and observe along B-B among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is another embodiment partial enlarged drawing of analysing and observe along B-B among Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is an embodiment partial enlarged drawing again of analysing and observe along B-B among Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a structural representation that plays inclined to one side unit one embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is that several play be stitched together an example structure synoptic diagram of the modular Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope of the present invention that constitutes of inclined to one side unit;

Fig. 8 is the anti-dazzle spectroscopical example structure synoptic diagram of integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group of the present invention that several prismatic light splicings constitute together;

Fig. 9 is the local structure for amplifying synoptic diagram of the polarizing surface of secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the figure of xsect projecting light path of modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group of the present invention, for there not being the embodiment of optical cement layer in the air-gap;

Figure 11 is an embodiment index path of integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group of the present invention;

Figure 12 plays the synoptic diagram that inclined to one side unit reflecting surface is studied in the coordinate system mode to the present invention;

Figure 13 is the δ of light by optically thinner medium directive optically denser medium _pGraph of relation with incident angle;

Figure 14 is the δ of light by optically thinner medium directive optically denser medium _sGraph of relation with incident angle;

Figure 15 is the δ of light by optically denser medium directive optically thinner medium _pGraph of relation with incident angle;

Figure 16 is the δ of light by optically denser medium directive optically thinner medium _sGraph of relation with incident angle;

Figure 17 is the relative incident light δ of reflected light _p=0, δ _sDuring=π, the change of polarization situation map;

Figure 18 is the relative incident light δ of reflected light _p=π, δ _s=0 o'clock, the change of polarization situation map;

Figure 19 is the local structure for amplifying synoptic diagram of reflecting surface that does not have the reflection horizon;

Figure 20 is the local structure for amplifying synoptic diagram of reflecting surface that air-gap is arranged between output reflection face plating reflection horizon, side;

Figure 21 is single side face plating reflection horizon, the local structure for amplifying synoptic diagram of side optical cement reflecting surface together;

Figure 22 is the local structure for amplifying synoptic diagram of reflecting surface in two sided plating reflection horizon;

Figure 23 is the coordinate system of of the present invention each parametric relationship of inclined to one side unit of research;

One embodiment index path of the of the present invention modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group that Figure 24 is made up of isosceles right-angle prism;

The index path of the integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group of the present invention that Figure 25 is made up of isosceles right-angle prism;

The index path of the integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group of the present invention that Figure 26 is made up of equilateral prism;

Figure 27 is schemed by an embodiment xsect projecting light path of the of the present invention modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group that four prisms are formed;

Figure 28 is the figure of xsect projecting light path of modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group of the present invention, is the local embodiment that the optical cement layer is arranged in the air-gap.

Embodiment

Please refer to Fig. 1, anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 of the present invention is installed between the place ahead, catoptron 20 and the lens 40 of luminophor 10 in the car bulb group.50 is the axis of catoptron 20.60 is antidazzle mirror.70 is the observer.

Anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 is one group of secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism.Anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 is as the polarizer, observer 70 (driver of carrier machinery and pedestrian etc.) puts in sight line the place ahead an antidazzle mirror 60 (glasses or shield) of being made by polaroid as analyzer, and meeting light positive when looking light fixture, antidazzle mirror 60 is vertical with the direction of shaking thoroughly (polarization direction of the polarized light that promptly sees through) of anti-dazzle spectroscope 30, thereby the direct directive observer's 70 who is sent by light fixture polarized light will be absorbed by antidazzle mirror 60, reach anti-dazzle purpose.Because polarized light becomes natural light after by diffuse reflection, the observation post of 70 pairs of scenery of observer is influenced little.

The direction of shaking thoroughly of anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 can be taked four kinds of patterns: shake thoroughly shake thoroughly direction and the horizontal sextant angle of the pattern and the pattern of vertically shaking thoroughly of level is respectively 0 and pi/2, characteristics are that antidazzle mirror 60 is all vertical with the direction of shaking thoroughly of the anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 of suitable, retrograde carrier machinery, and the specular light of direct motion carrier machinery light and retrograde carrier machinery light can not see through antidazzle mirror 60 usually at the specular light of surface level, vertical plane; Shake thoroughly direction and the horizontal sextant angle of the pattern of shaking thoroughly tiltedly and the pattern of tiltedly shaking thoroughly down are respectively π/4 and 3 π/4, characteristics are that antidazzle mirror 60 is vertical with the direction of shaking thoroughly of the anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 of retrograde carrier machinery, identical with the direction of shaking thoroughly of the anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 of direct motion carrier machinery, the specular light of direct motion carrier machinery light and retrograde carrier machinery light can see through antidazzle mirror 60 usually at the specular light of surface level, vertical plane.

Describe in detail below:

Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and combination with reference to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, anti-dazzle spectroscope 30 of the present invention is made of the relative amalgamation of prism that two rows are inverted relation each other, wherein row's prism is by several prisms that is parallel to each other 301,303,305,307 ... form, another row's prism is by several prisms that is parallel to each other 302,304,306 ... form.Described amalgamation structure is: wherein one arrange prism 301,303,305,307 ... in each prism two sides respectively with another row prism 302,304,306 ... in the side of two adjacent edges mirror correspondence fit together and form two conjunction surfaces; Be that two sides and two adjacent edges mirror 301, the 303 corresponding sides of prism 302 fit together and form two conjunction surfaces 312,323; Two sides of prism 304 and two adjacent edges mirror 303,305 corresponding sides fit together and form two conjunction surfaces 334,345; Two sides of prism 306 and two adjacent edges mirror 305,307 corresponding sides fit together and form two conjunction surfaces 356,367.Two adjacent conjunction surfaces are not parallel, and for example, conjunction surface 312 and 323 is adjacent, so conjunction surface 312 and 323 is not parallel; At interval two conjunction surfaces of a conjunction surface are parallel, are separated with a conjunction surface 323 between for example between the conjunction surface 312 and 334, so conjunction surface 312 is parallel with 334.Form two parallel conjunction surface groups after two row's prism amalgamations, one of them parallel conjunction surface group by conjunction surface 312,334,356 ... constitute, another parallel conjunction surface group by conjunction surface 323,345,367 ... constitute, each conjunction surface in each conjunction surface group is parallel to each other.

If prism 301,302,303,304,305,306,307 ... in two sides of each prism orthogonal, that is to say, the adjacent conjunction surface that they form is orthogonal, can have only each conjunction surface in the parallel conjunction surface group to constitute polarizing surface, and each conjunction surface in another parallel conjunction surface group constitutes reflecting surface, be conjunction surface 312,334,356 ... constitute polarizing surface, conjunction surface 323,345,367 ... constitute reflecting surface, for example Fig. 7; Perhaps conjunction surface 323,345,367 ... constitute polarizing surface, conjunction surface 312,334,356 ... constitute reflecting surface.This class secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group is modular type.The conjunction surface of representing with single line among Fig. 7 is a polarizing surface, and the conjunction surface of representing with two-wire is a reflecting surface.

If prism 301,302,303,304,305,306,307 ... between in two parallel conjunction surface groups forming each conjunction surface 312,334,356 ..., 323,345,367 ... all constitute polarizing surface, two sides that are each prism all are polarizing surfaces, do not have reflecting surface, this class secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group is the integral type type.

Constituting the conjunction surface of polarizing surface, all is that two side optical cements by two adjacent prisms correspondences are processed into translucent, and just a workplace is a polarizing surface.Polarizing surface has played branch light action partially to the light that incides on this face: the polarization direction light (be designated hereinafter simply as P light) parallel with the plane of incidence can see through, and the polarization direction light (be designated hereinafter simply as S light) vertical with the plane of incidence is reflected.

Constituting the conjunction surface of reflecting surface, all is to agree with into opaque by two sides of two adjacent prisms correspondences, so be two workplaces, is the input reflection face to the prism of a side, is the output reflection face to the prism of opposite side.Input reflection plays reflex in the face of the light that incides on this face, and output reflection also plays the effect of adjusting the polarized light polarization direction in the face of inciding light on this face except that playing reflex.

Please refer to Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, forming anti-dazzle spectroscopical two row's prisms all is to be made of the disjunctor prism; It is prism 301,303,305,307 ... not discrete prism, but be connected as a single entity, prism 302,304,306 ... also be connected as a single entity, this two rows prism is inverted relation each other, shape complementarity, and splicing coincide mutually.

Please refer to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, a row who forms in anti-dazzle spectroscopical two row's prisms is to be made of discrete prism; Another row is that the prism by disjunctor constitutes, and promptly prism 301,303,305,307 ... be discrete prism, prism 302,304,306 ... be the prism of disjunctor, this two rows prism is inverted relation each other, shape complementarity, and splicing coincide mutually.

Please refer to Fig. 6, two right-angle prism 303,304 optical cements constitute one together and play inclined to one side unit.Each plays inclined to one side unit three workplaces:

Two sides of agreeing with the correspondence of optical cement prism 303,304 together mutually are polarizing surface 334, and another side of prism 304 is a workplace 3450, and another side of prism 303 is a workplace 3230.Prism 303 bottom surfaces 3030 are parallel to each other with prism 304 bottom surfaces 3040.Because it is that bottom surface 3040 from prism 304 enters that the bottom surface of prism 304, that is to say light that luminophor sends towards the luminophor of light fixture, so the bottom surface 3040 of prism 304 is the input bottom surface, workplace 3450 is the input reflection face; Prism 303 bottom surfaces 3030 are the luminophor of light fixture dorsad, that is to say, the bottom surface 3030 of prism 303 is faces that light penetrates, so the bottom surface 3030 of prism 303 is the output bottom surface, workplace 3230 is the output reflection face.Polarizing surface, input reflection face and output reflection face all are workplaces.

Please refer to Fig. 7, play inclined to one side unit by shown in Figure 6 several and form a modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group 30.

Please refer to Figure 10 in conjunction with reference Fig. 7, Figure 10 is the index path of the light of modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group shown in Figure 7 in the xsect projection.The expression of light subscript horizontal line be the polarization direction light parallel with the plane of incidence, be P light.Punctuate be the polarization direction light vertical with the plane of incidence, be S light, indicate simultaneously horizontal line and point expression be natural light; Conjunction surface 334 usefulness single lines between the prism 303,304 draw, and expression conjunction surface 334 is polarizing surfaces; Conjunction surface 323 usefulness two-wires between the prism 302,303 draw, and expression conjunction surface 323 is reflectings surface, and the conjunction surface 345 between the prism 304,305 also draws with two-wire, and expression conjunction surface 345 is reflectings surface.Two prisms between two adjacent reflectings surface are one and play inclined to one side unit.Be that prism 301,302 constitutes one inclined to one side unit, prism 303,304 constitutes another and plays inclined to one side unit, and prism 305,306 constitutes another and plays inclined to one side unit.

Please refer to Figure 10 in conjunction with reference Fig. 6, light 1 is injected the inclined to one side unit that prism 303,304 constitutes, and is directly incident on the light of polarizing surface 334, P light 1 _PSee through 1 _PRepresent the light vector of light 1 to be parallel to the light of the component of the plane of incidence, S light 1 _SReturned 1 behind polarizing surface 334 and 3450 liang of secondary reflections of input reflection face _SRepresent the light of the light vector of light 1 perpendicular to the component of the plane of incidence.Incide the light 2 of input reflection face 3450, incided polarizing surface 334, S light 2 after this face reflection _SReturned P light 2 after the polarizing surface reflection _PThrough being output reflecting surface 3230 adjustment polarization directions behind the polarizing surface 334 and reflecting away.

Please refer to Fig. 8, become an integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group 30 by several prism optical cements.The conjunction surface of integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group all is a polarizing surface, does not have reflecting surface.

Please refer to Figure 11 in conjunction with reference Fig. 8, Figure 11 is the xsect index path of integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group shown in Figure 8.Integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group is only applicable to the incident ray situation vertical with the rib of prism, light is in prism cross-section, can adopt the prism at any drift angle and base angle, two base angles of each prism equate with two corresponding base angles of other prism respectively, its direction of shaking thoroughly is vertical with the rib of prism, if light is at the incident angle i of mutual uneven polarizing surface _PUnequal, then the prism group must be coated with two kinds of different polarizing coating systems.

Available light 1 is injected from the bottom surface of prism 304, and light 1 incides on the polarizing surface 334, and 1 _PSee through 1 _SBe reflected to another polarizing surface 345 (1 _STo polarizing surface 345 also is S light) be reflected after going up.Available light 2 is injected from the bottom surface of prism 304, and light 2 incides on the polarizing surface 345, and 2 _PSee through 2 _SBe reflected to another polarizing surface 334 (2 _STo polarizing surface 334 also is S light) be reflected after going up.

Please refer to Fig. 9, in conjunction with reference to Figure 10, Figure 11, the structure of polarizing surface 334 is to be coated with wideband polarization film system on the respective side of a prism, and with the no plated film side optical cement of adjacent prisms together.Film system is by multilayer high index of refraction book film H ₁, H ₂... H _N, H _N+1With low-refraction book film L ₁, L ₂... L _NAlternately constitute, total rete number is an odd number, and two outermost rete H1, HN+1 are high refractive index layer.The film system of a 2N+1 layer can be expressed as Q (HL) ¹⁰HDQ, Q represents prism, and H represents high refractive index layer, and L represents low-index film, and D represents the optical cement layer.

The wideband polarization film is to be to utilize Brewster condition and light repeatedly to reflect the phenomenon of also interfering mutually in rete to have played inclined to one side branch light action.The Brewster condition is that the incident angle of light at the two media interface equals Brewster angle i _B: i _B=tan ^-1(n "/n '), n ', n " are respectively the refractive indexes of incident medium and refracting medium.

For satisfying the Brewster condition, the refractive index n of prism material _P, high refractive index layer refractive index n _H, low-index film refractive index n _L, light is at the incident angle i of polarizing surface _PSatisfy following relation:

$n_P{\sin i}_P=n_H{n}_L/\sqrt{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; H"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_H}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; L"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_L}^2}$

If the centre wavelength of polarization wavestrip is λ ₀, for satisfying the phase relation of light in interference, the geometric thickness d of high and low refractive index rete _H, d _L, with light at the refraction angle of high and low refractive index rete i _H, i _LShould satisfy respectively:

n _Hd _Hcosi _H＝λ ₀/4

n _Ld _Lcosi _L＝λ ₀/4

The analysis of polarizing coating system can be adopted matrix method, and the eigenmatrix of 2N+1 layer wideband polarization film system is:

$M=\left|\begin{array}{cc}0& i{(-n_L/n_H)}^N/n_H\\ i{(-n_H/n_L)}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="N\; n\; H"\; filenames="C20031011339400222.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}{n}_H{}_{}& 0\end{array}\right|$

Wherein i is an imaginary unit, n _JThe effective refractive index of expression J layer medium is to P light n _J=n _J/ cosi _JTo S light n _J=n _JCosi _JUse n _AThe effective refractive index of expression optical cement layer, then the reflection coefficient of film system is:

r＝[n _Pn _An _L ^2N-n _H ^2(N+1)]/[n _Pn _An _L ^2N+n _H ^2(N+1)]

Because light does not all satisfy the Brewster condition at the interface rete and prism, optical cement layer, and material refractive index not influence of equal factor with the wavelength difference, it is different with Theoretical Calculation that the reality of film system plays inclined to one side effect, and film is that the scheme of being coated with should be carried out optimization process on experimental basis.The polarization wavestrip of wideband polarization film system must cover visible light substantially, and its cutoff wavelength should have the observer of antidazzle mirror both to feel comfortable so that wear, and can observably observe the existence and the position of light fixture again and be advisable.Wideband polarization film system adopts technique for vacuum coating to be coated with, and the optical cement tackifier should adopt thermostable transparent glue, to guarantee anti-dazzle spectroscopical thermal property.

Please refer to Figure 10, the input reflection face of two adjacent inclined to one side unit and output reflection face are same conjunction surface, promptly same reflecting surface.The structure of reflecting surface is different in the incident angle of reflecting surface because of material, the light of prism.

Please refer to Figure 10 in conjunction with reference Fig. 6, light in prism with incident angle i _rIncide on the reflecting surface, if light is by optically denser medium (refractive index n at the interface _p) directive optically thinner medium (refractive index n _l), i.e. n _p＞n _l, then work as i _r〉=i _c=sin ^-1(n _l/ n _P) time, total reflection will take place, i _cBe critical angle.Because the refractive index n of air _l=n _G=1, so the critical angle i of prism and air interface _CGFor:

i _cG＝sin ^-1(1/n _P)。

If i _rGreater than, equal or approach i _CG, input reflection face 3450 can utilize the total reflection of light, or near the height reflection of total reflection light is played reflex; If i _rLess than and keep off in i _CG, input reflection face 3450 must play reflex by the reflection horizon.

Please refer to Figure 12, set up coordinate system, the xOz plane is along input reflection face N ₂, the yOz plane is along polarizing surface N ₁Except that special case, light is not in playing inclined to one side cell cross-section, if the refracted ray direction cosine of a branch of directional light in playing inclined to one side unit are l, and m, n establishes light L ₁With incident angle i _pBe directly incident on N ₁On (x ₁, y ₁, z ₁) point, the P light L that the plane of incidence promptly sees through _1pPlane of polarization (plane of polarization is the vibration plane of polarized light light vector, and its direction is exactly the polarization direction of polarized light) M ₁For:

n(y-y ₁)-m(z-z ₁)＝0

If light L ₂With incident angle i _rIncide N ₂, reflection ray L then ₂' direction cosine be l ,-m, n.Reflection ray L ₂' at N ₁Incidence point be (x ₂, y ₂, z ₂) point, the P light L that the plane of incidence promptly sees through _2p' plane of polarization M ₂For:

n(y-y ₂)+m(z-z ₂)＝0

As seen two plane of polarization M ₁With M ₂Not parallel, if do not add adjustment, play the light that inclined to one side unit is reflected away by the output reflection face, also inequality usually with the light polarization direction that appears from polarizing surface.

Light is at reflex time, and meeting different variations takes place in the position of catoptrical P component and S component, for the light that has made the output of inclined to one side unit has consistent polarization direction, must utilize this phenomenon to adjust in reflection.For this reason, needing to plate the reflection horizon in some cases.The reflection horizon is at the visible region opaque material, its refractive index n _RBe plural number, can be expressed as n _R=n _r-in _i, wherein i is an imaginary unit, real part n _rReflect the propagation rate of light in this material, be equivalent to the refractive index of the common indication of transparent material, imaginary part n _iReflect that this material to the speed that light wave absorbs, is called extinction coefficient.If material has high extinction coefficient n _i, then the reflection horizon has and approaches 1 high reflectance.

Polarized light L _2p' (to call L in the following text ₃) with incident angle i _r' incide output reflection face N ₃On (x ₃, y ₃, z ₃) point, and at N ₃The last reflection is (because the output reflection face is parallel with the input reflection face, so i _r'=i _r, below these two angles are referred to as the incident angle i of light at reflecting surface _r).Because the difference of the plane of incidence is to N ₃, L ₃Be P light no longer fully, but can resolve into the linearly polarized light of P component and S component.

If it is n that the output reflection face is coated with the refractive index real part _rThe reflection horizon, and n _p＜n _r(n _pRefractive index for prism), then light is by optically thinner medium directive optically denser medium, reflected light L ₃' the P component and the phase change δ of S component _p, δ _sWith incident angle i _rRelation such as Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, i _BBe Brewster angle.By among the figure as can be known, work as i _r＞i _BThe time, L ₃' the relative incident light L of P component with the S component ₃And Yan Weixiang is opposite.

If it is n that the output reflection face is coated with the refractive index real part _rThe reflection horizon, and n _p＞n _r, or (the interface opposite side is an air, n not have the reflection horizon _p＞n _G=1), then light is by optically denser medium directive optically thinner medium, the phase change δ of P component and S component _p, δ _sWith incident angle i _rRelation such as Figure 15, shown in Figure 16, i _BBe Brewster angle, i _cBe critical angle.By among the figure as can be known, work as i _B＜i _r＜i _cThe time, L ₃' the relative L of P component with the S component ₃And Yan Weixiang is opposite; Work as i _r＞i _c, when promptly total reflection taking place, the phasic difference of reflected light and incident light is:

${\mathrm{\&delta;}}_p=\mathrm{\&pi;}-2{\tan }^{-1}(n_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="p\; n\; p"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">p</figure-callout>}}\sqrt{{n_p}^{}}\sqrt{{{}_{}}^2{\sin }^2{i}_r/{n_l}^2-1}/n_l{\cos i}_r)$

${\mathrm{\&delta;}}_s=-2{\tan }^{-1}(\sqrt{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; p"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_p}^2{\sin }^2{i}_r/{n_l}^2-1}/n_p{\cos i}_r)$

N wherein _lBe the refractive index of optically thinner medium, n during the plating reflection horizon _l=n _r, n when not plating the reflection horizon _l=n _G=1.

Polarized light L ₃(direction cosine are l, and-m is n) at output reflection face N ₃On plane of incidence M ₃For:

-n(x-x ₃)+l(z-z ₃)＝0

If reflect polarized light L ₃' the relative L of P component with the S component ₃And Yan Weixiang is opposite, and reflection coefficient equals or approach 1, then as Figure 17, shown in Figure 180, L ₃' plane of polarization will be with M ₃For the plane of symmetry, with L ₃' doing the mirror image counter-rotating for axis, E is electric vector, i.e. light vector among the figure.If plane M ₄For:

n(y-y ₃)-m(z-z ₃)＝0

M ₂With M ₃The angle Δ ₂₃And M ₄With M ₃The angle Δ ₄₃Satisfy respectively:

${\cos \mathrm{\&Delta;}}_{23}=\mathrm{ml}/\sqrt{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^2+n^2)({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}^2+n^2)}$

${\cos \mathrm{\&Delta;}}_{43}=-\mathrm{ml}/\sqrt{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}^2+n^2)({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}^2+n^2)}$

As seen Δ ₄₃=π-Δ ₂₃

Again: can prove L ₃' be M ₂, M ₃, M ₄Intersection, so, M ₃Be above-mentioned imaging plane, i.e. L just ₃' plane of polarization.

From the equation on plane as can be seen, plane of polarization M ₄With plane of polarization M ₁Parallel, illustrate when the light that be output reflecting surface reflection for incident light, the P component is mutually opposite with S component position, and reflection coefficient equals or approached 1 o'clock, plays an inclined to one side unit and exports polarisation of light direction unanimity.Therefore, by preceding described L ₃' the relative incident light L of P component with the S component ₃And the opposite condition of Yan Weixiang, and consider that the output reflection face must have high reflectance to light, can draw: if light is at the incident angle i of reflecting surface _rEqual the critical angle i of prism and air interface _CG, the output reflection face need not plate the reflection horizon; If i _r≠ i _CG, the output reflection face need plate the reflection horizon, and reflector material should have high extinction coefficient n _iIf, refractive index real part n _r＞n _P, i should be arranged _B＜i _rIf, n _r＜n _P, i should be arranged _B＜i _r≤ i _c

In conjunction with the requirement of input reflection face, output reflection face, the structure that obtains reflecting surface is:

If i _r=i _CG, please refer to Figure 19, in conjunction with reference to Figure 10, reflecting surface 323 is made of the side and the air-gap G of two prisms 302,303; Also can be by i _r≠ i _CGVersion under the situation constitutes.Air-gap G is that side, adjacent inclined to one side unit is pieced together naturally and is close together and forms, for example, prism 301,302 has been formed one and has been played inclined to one side unit, prism 303,304 has been formed adjacent another and has been played inclined to one side unit, and air-gap G is exactly that these two adjacent two adjacent side that rise in the inclined to one side unit are pieced together the slit that is close together and forms naturally.

If i _r＞i _CGPlease refer to Figure 20, in conjunction with reference to Figure 10, the structure of reflecting surface is at the side plating reflection horizon R as the prism 303 of output reflection face, add high temperature resistance protective layer K at reflection horizon R, piece together naturally by forming air-gap G with the side of adjacent prism 302 as the input reflection face; Also can be by i _r＜i _CGVersion under the situation constitutes.

If i _r＜i _CG, please refer to Figure 21, Figure 22, in conjunction with reference to Figure 10, the structure of reflecting surface is to go up plating reflection horizon R in a side (for example side of prism 302) of playing inclined to one side unit, with side, the not plating reflection horizon optical cement of adjacent inclined to one side unit together, the optical cement layer is represented with D; Perhaps all plate reflection horizon R in two sides of adjacent inclined to one side unit, and add high temperature resistance protective layer K in the reflection horizon, agree with two sides.

Use in the reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient n to visible light _iMaterial, its refractive index real part n _rShould satisfy:

n _P＜n _r＜n _Ptani _r

Perhaps n _r＜n _PAnd n _PSini _r≤ n _r＜n _PTan i _r

If i _r≈ i _CG, can be considered i _r=i _CGThe effect of high temperature resistance protective layer is the distillation that prevents the reflection horizon material, if the reflection horizon is for being difficult for the material of distillation, and can be without protective seam.The thickness of air-gap must not be less than 0.2 μ m, to avoid reducing reflectivity because of producing the photon tunnel effect.

What should be noted that is, by L ₁Direction cosine l, m, n, L ₂' direction cosine l ,-m, n and N ₂The direction cosine 1,0,0 of normal are easy to proof: i _p'=i _p, illustrate because polarizing surface is vertical mutually with the input reflection face, be matched with the polarizing coating system of the light that is directly incident on polarizing surface, be matched with the light that reflexes to polarizing surface through the input reflection face simultaneously.

The following describes the geometrical optics relationship between parameters of inclined to one side unit

Please refer to Figure 23, establish the incident ray along continuous straight runs.Set up coordinate system, make the xOy plane along surface level, the y axle is in the bottom surface of output reflection face place prism, rib on this bottom surface and polarizing surface is crossed initial point O, the angle of this rib and y axle is φ (0≤φ＜π, the horizontal angle on inclined to one side unit and the anti-dazzle spectroscope is promptly played at the φ angle), bottom surface normal T (in the xOz plane) is Θ (pi/2＜Θ＜pi/2 with x axle clamp angle, the Θ angle is the angle of anti-dazzle spectroscope normal and surface level), the angle of x axle and catoptron axis is θ (pi/2＜θ＜pi/2, the θ angle is anti-dazzle spectroscope normal and catoptron axis angle in the horizontal direction), shake thoroughly direction and the horizontal plane angle of polarizing surface is that (0≤ψ＜π), shake thoroughly direction and the horizontal plane angle that plays inclined to one side unit are Ω (0≤Ω＜π) to ψ.Incide the O point if one be parallel to the refracted ray L ' of the incident ray L of catoptron axis.

The direction cosine that play bottom surface, inclined to one side unit normal are: cos Θ, and 0, sin Θ, the direction cosine of light L are: cos θ, sin θ, 0, so incident angle I and the refraction angle i of light L on the bottom surface is respectively:

I＝cos ^-1(cosθcosΘ)

$i={\sin }^{-1}[\sqrt{1-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}}/n_p]$

According to the direction cosine of refraction law and bottom surface normal, get the direction cosine l of light L ', m, n is:

$l=\cos \mathrm{\&Theta;}\cos i+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}\sin i/\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

$m=\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\sin i/\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

$n=\sin \mathrm{\&Theta;}\cos i-\sin \mathrm{\&Theta;}\cos \mathrm{\&Theta;}\sin i/\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Get the direction number l ' of refracted ray L ' by the xsect equation-sin φ sin Θ x+cos φ y+sin φ cos Θ z=0 that plays inclined to one side unit in the projection of xsect, m ', n ' is:

l′＝l(1-sin ²φsin ²Θ)+m?sinφcosφsinΘ+n?sin ²φsinΘcosΘ

m′＝l?sinφcosφsinΘ+m?sin ²φ-n?sinφcosφcosΘ

n′＝l?sin ²φsinΘcosΘ-m?sinφcosφcosΘ+n(1-sin ²φcos ²Θ)

Refracted ray L ' in the projection of xsect and the angle i ' of bottom surface normal is:

$i^{\&prime;}={\cos }^{-1}[(l\cos \mathrm{\&Theta;}+n\sin \mathrm{\&Theta;})/\sqrt{l^{\&prime;2}+m^{\&prime;2}+n^{\&prime;2}}]$

For avoiding light loss, the reflection of input reflection face should be parallel with an inclined to one side cell cross-section base to the projection of light in xsect of polarizing surface, and the corresponding prism base angle of polarizing surface should satisfy:

α＝45°±i′/2

In the formula,, then get on the contrary "-" number if get "+" number as polarizing surface with the prism side at the big base angle of correspondence.The corresponding prism of reflecting surface base angle is pi/2-α.

The direction cosine p of polarizing surface normal ₁, q ₁, k ₁For: p ₁=± sin α cos φ sin Θ+cos α cos Θ, q ₁=± sin α sin φ, k ₁=± sin α cos φ cos Θ+cos α sin Θ

Please refer to Figure 23,, get operational symbol if arrange along the upper half clockwise direction successively as input reflection face, polarizing surface and output reflection face among the figure; Otherwise take off operational symbol.Following not specified (NS) is then identical therewith.

The direction cosine p of reflecting surface normal ₂, q ₂, k ₂For: p ₂=± cos α cos φ sin Θ+sin α cos Θ, q ₂=± cos α sin φ, k ₂=dried cos α cos φ cos Θ+sin α sin Θ

Refracted ray L ' is at the incident angle i of polarizing surface _pWith incident angle i at reflecting surface _rBe respectively:

i _p＝cos ^-1(lp ₁+mq ₁+nk ₁)

i _r＝cos ^-1(lp ₂+mq ₂+nk ₂)

By the direction cosine l of refracted ray L ', m, the direction cosine p of n and polarizing surface normal ₁, q ₁, k ₁The normal direction number that gets the face that shakes thoroughly of polarizing surface is mk ₁-nq ₁, np ₁-lk ₁, lq ₁-mp, the direction cosine 0,0,1 of tie water plane normal get the face that shakes thoroughly of polarizing surface and the angle ψ of surface level is:

$\mathrm{\&psi;}={\cos }^{-1}({\mathrm{lq}}_1-{\mathrm{mp}}_1)/\sqrt{{({\mathrm{mk}}_1-{\mathrm{nq}}_1)}^2+{({\mathrm{np}}_1-{\mathrm{lk}}_1)}^2+{({\mathrm{lq}}_1-{\mathrm{mp}}_1)}^2}]$

If n _p, θ, Θ be known parameters, and ψ gets and determines angle Ψ, then about φ separate for:

$\mathrm{\&phi;}={\lim }_{j\&RightArrow;\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_j={\lim }_{j\&RightArrow;\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{k=0}^j\left(\mathrm{\&Psi;}{-\mathrm{\&Psi;}}_k\right)$

Ψ ₀＝±π/2， ${\mathrm{\&Psi;}}_k=\mathrm{\&psi;}{|}_{\mathrm{\&phi;}={\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_{k-1}}$

J, k are natural number, and choosing of " ± " should make 0≤φ herein ₀＜π.The j level approximate solution of φ is:

$\mathrm{\&phi;}={\mathrm{\&Phi;}}_j={{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}^j}_{k=0}(\mathrm{\&Psi;}-{\mathrm{\&Psi;}}_k)$

Polarized light through polarizing surface has incided output bottom surface generation reflection of inclined to one side unit and refraction, because it is parallel to play two bottom surfaces of inclined to one side unit, incident angle equals the refraction angle i of light L in the input bottom surface, and the refraction angle equals the incident angle I of light L in the input bottom surface, and the angle Δ of the plane of incidence and surface level is:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}={\cos }^{-1}(\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}\cos \mathrm{\&Theta;}/\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2}\mathrm{\&theta;})$

Because the interface is different with S optical transmission coefficient to P light, make that the polarized light that reflects away is different with the position angle (being the angle of the plane of polarization and the plane of incidence) of incident polarized light, it is different with the direction of shaking thoroughly of polarizing surface promptly to play inclined to one side unit.The relation of the position angle γ of refract light and the azimuthal angle beta of incident light is: tan γ=cos (I-i) tan β, and shake the thoroughly direction and the horizontal plane angle ψ=β+Δ of polarizing surface, play shake the thoroughly direction and the horizontal plane angle Ω=γ+Δ of inclined to one side unit, so to the Ω value of definite anti-dazzle spectroscopical pattern of shaking, the value Ψ at ψ angle should satisfy:

tan(Ω-Δ)＝cos(I-i)tan(Ψ-Δ)

In sum, by anti-dazzle spectroscopical pattern of shaking (Ω) and installation position (θ, Θ) and prism material (n _p), can determine the processing base angle (α) and the mounted angle (φ) of inclined to one side unit, thereby further pass through to determine polarizing surface incident angle (i _p), reflecting surface incident angle (i _r), the structure of the design polarizing surface and the plane of incidence.

If anti-dazzle spectroscope is vertical with the catoptron axis in the horizontal direction, Θ=0 then, the incident angle I=Θ of light L, refraction angle i=sin ^-1(sin Θ/n _p), but the expression formula abbreviation of each relevant angle of light is:

$i^{\&prime;}={\cos }^{-1}\sqrt{({n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;})/({n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&phi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;})}$

$i_r={\cos }^{-1}[(\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\sqrt{{n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}}\&PlusMinus;\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&Theta;})/n_p]$

$\mathrm{\&psi;}={\cos }^{-1}\{\&PlusMinus;\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}+\cos \mathrm{\&Theta;}\sqrt{{n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}})/[{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; p"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_p}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&phi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}+$

${(\sin \mathrm{\&Theta;}\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&PlusMinus;\cos \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\sqrt{{n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&Theta;}})}^2{]}^{1/2}\}$

If anti-dazzle spectroscope is vertical with the catoptron axis at vertical direction, Θ=0 then, the incident angle I=θ of light L, refraction angle i=sin ^-1(sin θ/n _p), but the expression formula abbreviation of each relevant angle of light is:

$i^{\&prime;}={\cos }^{-1}\sqrt{({n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;})/({n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&phi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;})}$

$i_r={\cos }^{-1}[(\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\sqrt{{n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}\&PlusMinus;\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;})/n_p]$

$\mathrm{\&psi;}={\cos }^{-1}\{(\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&PlusMinus;\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\sqrt{{n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2}\mathrm{\&theta;})/[{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; p"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}_p}^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&phi;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&alpha;}+$

${(\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&PlusMinus;\sin \mathrm{\&phi;}\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\sqrt{{n_p}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20031011339400242.png,C20031011339400262.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;}})}^2{]}^{1/2}\}$

Please refer to Figure 24:,, get α=π/4, i with the above-mentioned relevant formula of θ=Θ=0 substitution if anti-dazzle spectroscope is vertical with the catoptron axis _p=i _r=π/4, φ=Ω+pi/2.Be that prism is an isosceles right-angle prism shown in Figure 24, in the present embodiment, playing inclined to one side unit is made up of two isosceles right-angle prisms (for example 303,304), light is in playing inclined to one side cell cross-section, the P light that sees through polarizing surface after the reflection of input reflection face also all is P light to the output reflection face, the output reflection face need not be adjusted the polarization of reflected light face, can guarantee that the polarized light of inclined to one side unit output has consistent polarization direction, and the direction of shaking thoroughly that plays inclined to one side unit is vertical with rib.

Please refer to Figure 24 and in conjunction with reference to Fig. 6, available light 1 is injected from the bottom surface 3040 of prism 304, be directly incident on the P light 1 in the light of polarizing surface 334 _PDirectly see through S light 1 _SReturned behind polarizing surface 334 and 3450 liang of secondary reflections of input reflection face; Available light 2 is injected from the bottom surface 3040 of prism 304, incides input reflection face 3450, is incided polarizing surface 334, S light 2 wherein after this face reflection _SReturned P light 2 after the polarizing surface reflection _PReflect away through being output the bottom surface 3030 of reflecting surface 3230 behind the polarizing surface 334 from prism 303.

Please refer to Figure 25, present embodiment is the integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group that adopts isosceles right-angle prism to constitute.Available light 1 is vertically injected from the bottom surface of prism 304, and light 1 incides on the polarizing surface 334, and 1 _PSee through 1 _SBe reflected after being reflected on another polarizing surface 345.Available light 2 is vertically injected from the bottom surface of prism 304, and light 2 incides on the polarizing surface 345, and 2 _PSee through 2 _SBe reflected after being reflected on another polarizing surface 334.

Please refer to Figure 26, present embodiment is the integrated secondary reflection-type wideband polarization prism group that adopts equilateral prism to constitute.Available light 1 is vertically injected from the bottom surface of prism 304, incides on the polarizing surface 334 1 _PSee through 1 _SImpinge perpendicularly on after being reflected on another polarizing surface 345, reflect along original optical path then.

Available light 2 is vertically injected from the bottom surface of prism 304, incides on the polarizing surface 345 2 _PSee through 2 _SImpinge perpendicularly on after being reflected on another polarizing surface 334, reflect along original optical path then.

Please refer to Figure 27: present embodiment is the modular secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group that adopts four prisms to constitute.The light path of four prism group xsect inner projections of available light 1, light 2 is identical with Figure 10.Available light 3 and light 4 are without any polarizing surface or reflecting surface and directly see through.

Using four prism groups can make the natural light by four prism end faces directly see through as shown in figure 27 without polarizing surface, Figure 27 can be considered the corresponding result who changes into behind four prisms of the prism among Figure 10, suitably determine the width of prism end face, can reduce production costs in that antiglare effect is influenced the luminescence efficiency that improves the light group under the less situation.This processing scheme is suitable for the Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope of form of ownership.

Please refer to Figure 28, the group of prism shown in Figure 28 is similar to prism group shown in Figure 10, and difference is that there is optical cement layer 9 part of air-gap among Figure 28.The light 1, light 2 light paths that have nothing to do with optical cement layer 9 are identical with Figure 10.Light 3, light 4 directly see through through Gloss Lamination layer 9.Light 5 incides on the polarizing surface, and 5 _PSee through 5 _SBe reflected the back by optical cement layer 9, reflected away by another polarizing surface again; Light 6 incides another polarizing surface and 5 _SOn the identical incidence point, 6 _PSee through, with 5 _SSynthesize natural light, 6 _SReflected by this polarizing surface and input reflection face.The light path of light 7, light 8 and light 5, light 6 are in like manner.

Do not have to have in reflection horizon, the air-gap under the situation of optical cement layer at the reflecting surface that rises between inclined to one side unit, it no longer is reflecting surface that the side of optical cement layer segment is arranged, and has made inclined to one side unit exist local natural light to see through (as shown in figure 28).Suitably the area of optical cement layer in the control air-gap can influence luminescence efficiency and the anti-dazzle spectroscopical physical strength that improves the light group under the less situation to antiglare effect.

For the polarizing surface of avoiding polarized light deflects, prism material can not be optical anisotropic material.

Anti-dazzle spectroscopical acting as select to see through energy, need not imaging, thereby not high to the material and the requirement on machining accuracy of prism.Prism can pass through cold machine-shaping, also can adopt pressing process to be shaped.Every prism can be formed by several sections splicing.

Be a specific embodiments of the present invention below.

1, anti-dazzle spectroscope structure: adopt monomeric unit formula secondary reflection molded breadth band polarizing prism group.As shown in figure 24, prism height (anti-dazzle spectroscope thickness) 8mm, base angle=π/4.

2, prism material: glass, trade mark F ₅, refractive index n _P=1.63.

3, high index film material: metatitanic acid praseodymium, refractive index n _H=2.08.

4, low-refraction coating materials: magnesium fluoride, refractive index n _L=1.38.

5, tackifier: addition type room temperature vulcanized transparent silicon rubber, refractive index n _A=1.5.

6, wideband polarization film system: Q (HL) ¹⁰HDQ, Q represents prism, and D represents the optical cement layer, the thickness d of high refractive index layer H _H=72nm, the thickness d of low-index film L _L=169nm plays partial wave band 390nm～660nm, λ ₀=510nm.

7, reflecting surface structure: as shown in figure 19, the side does not have the reflection horizon, is air-gap between the side.

8, equipped light fixture: non-enclosed type car light, bore 160 * 100mm ², luminophor reality of work power 70w.Assembling orientation θ=Θ=0, φ=π/4 (Ω=3 π/4).

9, duty temperature: 30 ℃ of environment temperatures, anti-dazzle spectroscope reaches maximum temperature behind the static work 45min of car light, and its center maximum temperature is 103 ℃.

10, antiglare effect: the pendant antidazzle mirror is met light positive and is looked car light and take on a red color, and the general automobile brake lamp of brightness is slightly high; Gradually be yellow, Blue Streak line, brightness step-down with visual angle change.

11, ambient light illumination: be equivalent to be unkitted anti-dazzle spectroscope approximately, when bulb power is 58W the light group to the illumination of environment.

Claims (6)

1. Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope is installed in the place ahead of luminophor in the light fixture; Described anti-dazzle spectroscope is made of the relative amalgamation of prism that two rows are inverted relation each other, every row's prism all is made up of the prism that several are parallel to each other, and its amalgamation structure is:wherein corresponding with two adjacent edges mirror in another row's prism respectively side, two sides of each prism in row's prism fits together and forms two conjunction surfaces; Two adjacent conjunction surfaces are not parallel; Two conjunction surfaces of the conjunction surface in interval are parallel; Form two parallel conjunction surface groups after two row's prism amalgamations; Each conjunction surface in each conjunction surface group is parallel to each other; Have at least in described two parallel conjunction surface groups and be coated with wideband polarization film system on each conjunction surface in the parallel conjunction surface group and become polarizing surface; The side optical cement of two prisms of described formation polarizing surface together; Described wideband polarization film system alternately is made of the book film of multilayer high index of refraction and low-refraction bi-material

Refractive index (the n of prism material _p), the refractive index (n of high refractive index layer _H), the refractive index (n of low-index film _L), light is at the incident angle (i at prism and rete interface _P) between relation satisfy following mathematical expression:

$\left(n_P\right)\sin \left(i_P\right)=\left(n_H\right)\left(n_L\right)/\sqrt{{\left(n_H\right)}^2+{\left(n_L\right)}^2}$

The centre wavelength of polarization wavestrip is (λ ₀), the geometric thickness (d of high refractive index layer _H), light is at the refraction angle of high refractive index layer (i _H) between relation satisfy following mathematical expression:

(n _H)(d _H)cos(i _H)＝(λ ₀)/4

The centre wavelength of polarization wavestrip is (λ ₀), the geometric thickness (d of low-index film _L), light is at the refraction angle of low-index film (i _L) between relation satisfy following mathematical expression:

(n _L)(d _L)cos(i _L)＝(λ ₀)/4

Total rete number that described formation wideband polarization film is is an odd number, and two outermost retes are high refractive index layer;

It is characterized in that: two sides of described each prism are vertical mutually, two prisms of the adjacent relation of being inverted each other form one and play inclined to one side unit, each rises has a side to be coated with described wideband polarization film system and becomes polarizing surface in two sides that two mutual optical cements of prism in the inclined to one side unit fit together, the conjunction surface between two adjacent inclined to one side unit is a reflecting surface; Constitute in each two prism that play inclined to one side unit the luminophor of the bottom surface of a prism towards light fixture all arranged, the bottom surface of another prism is the luminophor of light fixture dorsad, reflecting surface between described two adjacent inclined to one side unit is the input reflection face for described bottom surface towards the prism of luminophor, reflecting surface between described two adjacent inclined to one side unit is the output reflection face for the prism of the backward luminous body in described bottom surface, the angle value at two base angles of each prism is respectively: 45 °+(i ')/2 and 45 °-(i ')/2, wherein: the light that (i ') sends for luminophor at the refracted ray after the bottom surface refraction of luminophor at the projection of prism cross-section and the angle of prism bottom surface normal.

2. Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the structure of the reflecting surface between described inclined to one side unit is: plate the reflection horizon on the prism side as the output reflection face, the refractive index (n of reflector material _R)=(n _r)-i (n _i), the material in this reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient (n _i), refractive index (n _R) real part (n _r) satisfy one of following two mathematical expressions:

Mathematical expression one: (n _P)＜(n _r)＜(n _P) tan (i _r),

Mathematical expression two: (n _r)＜(n _P) and (n _P) sin (i _r)≤(n _r)＜(n _P) tan (i _r)

(n wherein _P) be the refractive index of prism, (i _r) light that sends for described luminophor incides the incident angle of reflecting surface in prism, described adjacent two are risen between two adjacent sides of inclined to one side unit air-gap are arranged.

3. Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of the reflecting surface between described inclined to one side unit is: agree with into plating reflection horizon, a side is arranged on two prism side of reflecting surface after optical cement together, the refractive index (n of reflector material _R)=(n _r)-i (n _i), the material in this reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient (n _i), refractive index (n _R) real part (n _r) satisfy one of following two mathematical expressions:

Mathematical expression one: (n _P)＜(n _r)＜(n _P) tan (i _r)

Mathematical expression two: (n _r)＜(n _P) and (n _P) sin (i _r)≤(n _r)＜(n _P) tan (i _r)

(n wherein _P) be the refractive index of prism, (i _r) light that sends for described luminophor incides the incident angle of reflecting surface in prism.

4. Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of the reflecting surface between described inclined to one side unit is: the reflection horizon is all arranged agreeing with on two prism side of reflecting surface, as the refractive index (n of the reflector material of output reflection face _R)=(n _r)-i (n _i), the material in this reflection horizon has high extinction coefficient (n _i), refractive index (n _R) real part (n _r) satisfy one of following two mathematical expressions:

Mathematical expression one: (n _P)＜(n _r)＜(n _P) tan (i _r)

Mathematical expression two: (n _r)＜(n _P) and (n _P) sin (i _r)≤(n _r)＜(n _P) tan (i _r)

(n wherein _P) be the refractive index of prism, (i _r) light that sends for described luminophor incides the incident angle of reflecting surface in prism.

5. Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the structure of described reflecting surface is: between two adjacent sides of adjacent two the inclined to one side unit that constitute this reflecting surface air-gap is arranged.

6. as claim 2 or 4 described Two-shot Reflection Broadband Polarizing Prisms Assembly Anti-dazzle Spectroscopes, it is characterized in that: outside the described reflection horizon high temperature resistance protective layer is arranged.

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