CN1300241C - Antibacterial and high absorptive composite material of polymer, and preparation method - Google Patents
Antibacterial and high absorptive composite material of polymer, and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1300241C CN1300241C CNB200410009680XA CN200410009680A CN1300241C CN 1300241 C CN1300241 C CN 1300241C CN B200410009680X A CNB200410009680X A CN B200410009680XA CN 200410009680 A CN200410009680 A CN 200410009680A CN 1300241 C CN1300241 C CN 1300241C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of water absorption polymer composite materials, which particularly relates to a high water absorption polymer composite material having antibacterial performance and a preparation method of the antibacterial high water absorption polymer composite material. Inorganic antibacterial agents are dispersed in a monomer solution, initiators and crosslinking agents are added, and the antibacterial high water absorption polymer composite material is prepared by on-site solution polymerisation. The antibacterial high water absorption polymer composite material is composed of 75 to 100 parts by weight of high water absorption polymers having crosslinking structure, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of inorganic antibacterial agents, and has good antibacterial performance and excellent water absorption performance and water retention performance. The antibacterial high water absorption polymer composite material can be widely used for the field of physiological hygienic articles.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the water-absorbing polymer field of compound material, particularly have the high water absorbency polymer matrix material of anti-microbial property, and the preparation method of this antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material.
Technical background
(Super Absorbent Polymer is a kind ofly to contain strongly hydrophilic genes such as carboxyl, hydroxyl SAP) to super absorbent resin, and the high molecular polymer with certain degree of crosslinking network structure, is a kind of specific function material.It is water insoluble, also be insoluble to organic solvent, and have particular performances, can promptly absorb the water of tens times and even thousands of times of own wts by hydration, also can absorb tens times to 100 times liquid such as salt solution, blood or urine, have stronger water retention capacity simultaneously.SAP is different from traditional water-absorbing material such as sponge, paper, cotton etc. fully as a kind of up-and-coming new type functional macromolecular material.Its application relates to numerous industries, except that hygiene article sector, at agricultural gardening and soil conservation, medical treatment, makeup, building materials field, and also is being widely used aspect cable, the electronic industry.
The physiological hygiene articles for use are another main application fields of super absorbent resin, also are comparatively sophisticated Application Areass, account for 70%～80% of the total consumption of super absorbent resin.The physiological hygiene articles for use comprise liquid (blood, sweat, urine) absorbent item, as sanitary towel, diaper (trousers), fine hair towel, cotton balls (hemostasis suppository) etc.In addition, the napkin made from super absorbent resin, rag, toilet paper etc. are in developed country's widespread use.
SAP mainly emphasized its suction and water retention property in the application of physiological hygiene articles for use such as aspects such as sanitary towel, paper urine pad in the past, and had ignored other performance.These application scenarios often simultaneously also are that the human body bacterium is easy to the place of breeding and increasing, and therefore exploitation has the SAP product of anti-microbial property, use class and have great significance for enlarging its application in the physiological hygiene field, improving.
At present, the synthetic method of China's super absorbent resin mainly contain solution method and suspension polymerization (CN1294138A, CN1087749A, CN1394890A), although products obtained therefrom suction and water retention property are good, also there is the problem of the requirement that does not meet production physiological hygiene articles for use qualitatively.And because human consumer's cognition degree is low and economic level is limit (as the domestic popularity rate less than 1% of paper nappy), so physiological hygiene articles for use manufacturers adopts the super absorbent resin of import substantially.Yet, along with the maturation of super absorbent resin synthetic technology, the improvement of quality product and the raising of people's living standard, of the right age women, baby etc. are to the increase of physiological hygiene articles for use demand, and the exploitation of rural market, the production of China's super absorbent resin and application will jump and attain a new height, and its market has very big potentiality.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention mainly is the requirement that does not meet production physiological hygiene articles for use at the product made from super absorbent resin at present, high water absorbency polymer with anti-microbial property matrix material is provided, make this high molecular polymer matrix material not only have good water-absorbing-retaining performance, and have excellent anti-microbial property, and can be used as the base mateiral of physiological hygiene articles for use.
Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material.
Purpose of the present invention can obtain having the super absorbent polymer polymer composites of anti-microbial property by a certain amount of inorganic antiseptic is joined in the monomer solution by solution polymerization on the throne.
Antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material of the present invention is the high water absorbency polymer with crosslinking structure by 75～100 weight parts, and the inorganic antiseptic of 1～10 weight part is formed.
Described high water absorbency polymer with crosslinking structure, itself contains multiple hydrophilic radical such as carboxyl, carboxylate groups, amide group, hydroxyl etc.Wherein high water absorbency polymer is selected from crosslinked salt polyacrylate, the cross-connect graft copolymer of starch and acrylate, the cross-connect graft copolymer of Mierocrystalline cellulose and acrylate, the cross-connect graft copolymer of cellulose acetate butyrate and acrylate and acrylamide, a kind of in the cross-linking copolymer of acrylate and acrylamide.
Described inorganic antiseptic is the load silver-series antibacterial agent, and wherein the amount of load silver is 1～5wt% of vehicle weight; Used carrier is porous material or stratified material or other material, and the particle diameter of carrier is at micron order or submicron order.
Described porous material is porous nano silica, zeolite, soluble glass or porous silica gel; Described stratified material is tourmalinite, wilkinite, the vigorous mullite of holder or polynite.Other material comprises titanium dioxide, barium sulfate and phosphoric acid salt such as titanium phosphate, zirconium phosphate.
The preparation method of antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material of the present invention, the inorganic antiseptic of 1～10 weight part is dispersed in the monomer solution of 75～100 weight parts, add initiator and linking agent, the amount of initiator and linking agent is respectively the 0.01～0.1mol% and the 0.002～0.01mol% of monomer molar amount, be warming up to 55～70 ℃, obtain antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material by solution polymerization process on the throne.
Wherein monomer solution is selected from the part and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid solution, pasted starch and the part in and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid mixing solutions, the Mierocrystalline cellulose or derivatives thereof and the part in and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid mixing solutions, the part in and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and acrylamide mixing solutions, in pasted starch, the part and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and acrylamide mixing solutions, a kind of in Mierocrystalline cellulose or derivatives thereof, the part part and in vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and the acrylamide mixing solutions.The degree of neutralization of described part neutral vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid is 65～100%.The used bases of described neutralization can be alkali-metal oxyhydroxide such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide etc., the oxyhydroxide of alkaline-earth metal such as magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide etc. and ammoniacal liquor, wherein preferably alkali-metal oxyhydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Described linking agent be can with bifunctional or the polyfunctional compound or the diene class monomer of carboxyl and active hydrogen reaction.
Described bifunctional compound comprises 1,3-dichloroisopropanol, epoxy chloropropane, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether or bisphenol-A epoxy chloropropane etc.
Described diene class monomer comprises Vinylstyrene, N,N methylene bis acrylamide or double methacrylate, and described double methacrylate is a diol acrylate etc.
Described initiator is a water soluble starter, comprises persulfuric acid sylvite, ammonium sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrogen peroxide-ferrous sulfate, persulphate-sodium bisulfite, persulphate-S-WAT or hydrogen peroxide-L xitix etc.
The prepared antibiotic super absorbent polymer polymer composites of the present invention has good absorbent, it is inhaled the pure water multiplying power and can reach 1700g/g, inhale the salt solution multiplying power and can reach 120g/g, the specific absorption of pure water and physiological saline can reach more than 30% of saturated absorption rate separately respectively in one minute; This water-retaining agent has the excellent antibiotic performance, and its sterilization rate to streptococcus aureus reaches more than 99%.This product can be widely used in Personal hygiene and medical nursing material.
As super absorbent polymer polymkeric substance of the present invention, the cross-linked polymer that can obtain by solution polymerization process by hydrophilic monomer arbitrarily, these hydrophilic monomers are feature to have such as hydrophilic radicals such as carboxyl, hydroxyl or amide group in the molecule.The monomeric preferred embodiment of this class comprises vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and its esters, acrylic amide, maleic anhydride salt, starch and derivative thereof and Mierocrystalline cellulose and derivative thereof.But above-mentioned monomer homopolymerization also can obtain polymkeric substance with other monomer copolymerization.
Generally speaking, owing to have electrostatic repulsion between the ion, has higher water-absorbent so have the polymer network of dissociable groups such as hydroxy-acid group and its esters, but the dissociation rate of group has limited its absorption speed, the ionic strength of external solution has very big influence to the extent of dissociation of group simultaneously, thereby its water-intake rate is descended significantly, and promptly salt tolerance is poor.And for nonionic groups such as hydroxyl and amide group, though water-intake rate is not high, absorption speed is fast, good salt tolerance.Therefore, will have the monomer copolymerization of this two classes group, can improve its absorption speed and salt resistance, the water-intake rate that can keep higher will be arranged.Adopt vinylformic acid salt and acrylamide, starch and derivative thereof or Mierocrystalline cellulose and derivative copolymerization thereof among the present invention, obtain binary or multi-component copolymer high water absorbency polymer.
Be used for super absorbent polymer polymkeric substance of the present invention and can adopt solution polymer to obtain, also can pass through other method such as inverse suspension method, antiphase emulsifiable method etc.Solution polymerization process preferably.Initiator of polyreaction, can be any one water soluble starter, comprise persulphate (mainly being sylvite or ammonium salt), hydrogen peroxide, ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrogen peroxide-ferrous sulfate, persulphate-sodium bisulfite (or S-WAT), hydrogen peroxide-L xitix etc.Persulfuric acid salt initiator preferably wherein.The linking agent of polyreaction can be any diene hydro carbons monomer, wherein preferably two propylene class monomers such as N,N methylene bis acrylamide, ethylene glycol diacrylate etc.The linking agent of polyreaction also can be can with the above compound of the bifunctional of carboxyl and active hydrogen reaction, comprise 1,3-dichloroisopropanol, epoxy chloropropane, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, bisphenol-A epoxy chloropropane etc.
The measuring method of suction (salt) rate:
Take by weighing a certain amount of SAP and place beaker, add excessive water or physiological saline, treat that imbibition is saturated after, move in the nylon net bag, hang half hour, to remove unabsorbed water or salt solution, weigh and calculate its water-intake rate or salt absorbing rate.
The calculation formula of suction (salt) rate:
Q＝(m2-m1)/m1 (1)
In the formula: Q: suction (salt) multiplying power,
The net weight of m1:SAP (g),
M2: the weight of SAP (g) after the imbibition
Anti-microbial property is estimated:
Get 1g antibacterial hydroscopic material, add certain water gaging and make its abundant swelling, then with itself and bacterium liquid in taper strong vibration 1 hour to increase contacting of bacterium and tester.Measure existence bacterium number.Calculate sterilization rate, estimate its anti-microbial property with this.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Get 100g vinylformic acid, partly neutralize with 25% sodium hydroxide, degree of neutralization is 75～80%; The porous nano silica load silver-series antibacterial agent that adds 5g, the amount of carrying silver is the 2wt% of vehicle weight, the powerful stirring fully disperseed it; Add 0.05g linking agent N,N methylene bis acrylamide and 0.6g Potassium Persulphate then, system is warming up between 65～70 ℃ reacted 6 hours, take out product afterwards, washing, drying, pulverize, sieving obtains different grain size product sodium polyacrylate/antiseptic-germicide composite absorbent material.Get (salt) rate and the anti-microbial property test that absorbs water of 100 order products, its water absorbent rate is 1300g/g, and inhaling the salt solution multiplying power is 95g/g, to the sterilization rate of streptococcus aureus greater than 99%.
Embodiment 2:
Get 200g vinylformic acid, with the neutralization of 30% sodium hydroxide, degree of neutralization is 95～100%; Add a certain amount of acrylamide solution, two kinds of monomeric mol ratios are 1: 0.2～0.3, stir.Add 10g tourmalinite load silver-series antibacterial agent, the amount of carrying silver is 1～2wt% of vehicle weight, the powerful stirring fully disperseed it, adds 0.1g ethylene glycol diacrylate and 1g ammonium persulphate then, system is warming up between 55～60 ℃ reacted 6 hours, take out product afterwards, washing, drying, pulverize, sieving obtains different grain size (sodium acrylate-acrylamide) multipolymer/antiseptic-germicide composite absorbent material product.Get (salt) rate and the anti-microbial property test that absorbs water of 100 order products, its water absorbent rate is 1200g/g, and inhaling the salt solution multiplying power is 80g/g, to the sterilization rate of streptococcus aureus greater than 99%.
Embodiment 3:
Get 100g vinylformic acid, with the neutralization of 30% sodium hydroxide, degree of neutralization is 95～100%; Add a certain amount of acrylamide solution, two kinds of monomeric mol ratios are 1: 0.2～0.3, stir.4g starch and certain water gaging are added in the there-necked flask, be warmed up to 85 ℃, stir gelatinization 1 hour, cool to room temperature joins monomer mixed solution in the starch solution then.The zeolite-loaded silver-series antibacterial agent that adds 10g, the amount of carrying silver is the 3wt% of vehicle weight, and powerful the stirring fully disperseed it, add 0.3g1 then, 3-dichloroisopropanol and 1.2g ammonium persulphate, system are warming up between 55～60 ℃ and reacted 6 hours, take out product afterwards, washing, drying is pulverized, and sieves to obtain starch-grafted poly-(sodium acrylate-acrylamide) multipolymer of different grain size/antiseptic-germicide composite absorbent material product.Get (salt) rate and the anti-microbial property test that absorbs water of 100 order products, its water absorbent rate is 1400g/g, and inhaling the salt solution multiplying power is 120g/g, to the sterilization rate of streptococcus aureus greater than 99%.
Embodiment 4:
Get 1000g vinylformic acid, with the neutralization of 30% potassium hydroxide, degree of neutralization is 75～80%; Add a certain amount of Hydroxyethyl acrylate aqueous solution, two kinds of monomeric mol ratios are 1: 0.1～0.2, stir.200g carboxymethyl cellulose and certain water gaging are added in the 5000ml reactor, and heated and stirred makes the carboxymethyl cellulose dissolving, and cool to room temperature adds monomer mixed solution then.The titanium dichloride load silver-series antibacterial agent that adds 100g, the amount of carrying silver is 1～2wt% of vehicle weight, and powerful the stirring fully disperseed it, add 3gN then, N-methylene-bisacrylamide and 2g Potassium Persulphate, system are warming up between 65～70 ℃ and reacted 6 hours, take out product afterwards, washing, drying is pulverized, and sieves to obtain poly-(sodium acrylate-Hydroxyethyl acrylate) multipolymer of different grain size carboxymethyl cellulose grafting/antiseptic-germicide composite absorbent material product.Get (salt) rate and the anti-microbial property test that absorbs water of 100 order products, its water absorbent rate is 1600g/g, and inhaling the salt solution multiplying power is 140g/g, to the sterilization rate of streptococcus aureus greater than 99%.
Embodiment 5
Get 1000g vinylformic acid, with the neutralization of 30% calcium hydroxide, degree of neutralization is 75～80%; Add a certain amount of acrylamide solution, two kinds of monomeric mol ratios are 1: 0.1～0.2, stir.400g cellulose acetate butyrate and certain water gaging are added in the 5000ml reactor, and heated and stirred makes the cellulose acetate butyrate dissolving, and cool to room temperature adds monomer mixed solution then.The tourmalinite load silver-series antibacterial agent that adds 50g, the amount of carrying silver is 1～2wt% of vehicle weight, the powerful stirring fully disperseed it, adds 1g bisphenol-A epoxy chloropropane and 2g Potassium Persulphate then, system is warming up between 65～70 ℃ reacted 6 hours, take out product afterwards, washing, drying, pulverize, sieving obtains poly-(sodium acrylate-acrylamide) multipolymer of different grain size cellulose acetate butyrate grafting/antiseptic-germicide composite absorbent material product.Get (salt) rate and the anti-microbial property test that absorbs water of 100 order products, its water absorbent rate is 1650g/g, and inhaling the salt solution multiplying power is 110g/g, to the sterilization rate of streptococcus aureus greater than 99%.
Claims (10)
1. antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material, it is characterized in that: this material is the high water absorbency polymer with crosslinking structure by 75～100 weight parts, the inorganic antiseptic of 1～10 weight part is formed;
Described high water absorbency polymer with crosslinking structure is selected from crosslinked salt polyacrylate, the cross-connect graft copolymer of starch and acrylate, the cross-connect graft copolymer of Mierocrystalline cellulose and acrylate, the cross-connect graft copolymer of cellulose acetate butyrate and acrylate and acrylamide, a kind of in the cross-linking copolymer of acrylate and acrylamide;
Described inorganic antiseptic is the load silver-series antibacterial agent.
2. material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the amount of described inorganic antiseptic load silver is 1～5wt% of vehicle weight.
3. material according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described carrier is porous material or stratified material or other material;
Described porous material is porous nano silica, zeolite, soluble glass or porous silica gel;
Described stratified material is tourmalinite, wilkinite, the vigorous mullite of holder or polynite;
Described other material is titanium dioxide, barium sulfate or phosphoric acid salt.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described materials, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described carrier is at micron order or submicron order.
5. one kind according to each described preparation methods of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: the inorganic antiseptic of 1～10 weight part is dispersed in the monomer solution of 75～100 weight parts, add initiator and linking agent, the amount of initiator and linking agent is respectively the 0.01～0.1mol% and the 0.002～0.01mol% of monomer molar amount, be warming up to 55～70 ℃, obtain antibiotic high water absorbency polymer matrix material by solution polymerization process on the throne;
Described monomer solution is selected from the part and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid solution, pasted starch and the part in and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid mixing solutions, the Mierocrystalline cellulose or derivatives thereof and the part in and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid mixing solutions, the part in and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and acrylamide mixing solutions, in pasted starch, the part and vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and acrylamide mixing solutions, a kind of in Mierocrystalline cellulose or derivatives thereof, the part part and in vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid and the acrylamide mixing solutions;
Described inorganic antiseptic is the load silver-series antibacterial agent.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the degree of neutralization of described part neutral vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid is 65～100%.
7. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the used alkali of described neutralization is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor.
8. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described linking agent for can with the polyfunctional compound or the diene class monomer of carboxyl and active hydrogen reaction.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described polyfunctional compound is 1,3-dichloroisopropanol, epoxy chloropropane, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether or bisphenol-A epoxy chloropropane; Described diene class monomer is Vinylstyrene, N,N methylene bis acrylamide or double methacrylate.
10. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described initiator is a water soluble starter, comprises persulfuric acid sylvite, ammonium sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrogen peroxide-ferrous sulfate, persulphate-sodium bisulfite, persulphate-S-WAT or hydrogen peroxide-L xitix.
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| CN102924644B (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2015-08-12 | 陕西理工学院 | A kind of preparation method of vinylformic acid moisturizing matrix material |
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Assignee: Beijing Keaibixi Technology Development Co. Ltd. Assignor: Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS Contract record no.: 2011110000003 Denomination of invention: Antibacterial and high absorptive composite material of polymer, and preparation method Granted publication date: 20070214 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20060419 Record date: 20110111 |
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