CN1300010C - Flocculation dispensing parting on line detection device for water treatment and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an on-line inspection device of flocculation chemical feeding fractal and a detection method used for water treatment, which belongs to a chemical feeding inspection technology for water treatment. A lamp box (1) is arranged on one side of a transparent flocculating settling tank (2); a CCD video camera (3) is arranged on the other side of the transparent flocculating settling tank (2); the transparent flocculating settling tank (2) separates the CCD video camera (3) and the lamp box (1) to make the CCD video camera (3) and the lamp box (1) arranged oppositely. The CCD video camera (3) converts an optical signal of floc in an inspected technological water sample in the transparent flocculating settling tank (2) to an analog electrical signal, and then, the analog electrical signal is converted into a digital signal with A/D collection cards to be input into a processing system of a computer (5) to form digital image information, and finally, the correlative information in the image is analyzed by applying a visual pattern identification technology combined with a fractal theory. The device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use. The present invention can solve the problems of a plurality of influencing factors in the existing chemical feeding systems for water treatment, the incapability of rapidly and exactly detecting the degree of flocculation, the use of limited varieties of flocculating agents, etc., and can solve the problem of long delay time.

Description

A kind of flocculation that is used for water treatment fractal online test method of offeing medicine

Technical field:

The invention belongs to a kind of water treatment dispensing detection technique.

Background technology:

Flocculation is a most important technology in the water treatment system, also is the most unmanageable link.Can flocculation dispensing online measuring technique have determined flocculation agent accurately add control, and then influence the running status and the efficient of water technology, and directly influence the water quality of tap water.Flocculation process shows the complicacy of higher-dimension, ambiguity, randomness and the imperfection of system information, also lacks strong means at present and carries out online check and analysis and give quantitative description.In the research in the past, mostly be that flocculation system is used as a "black box", the output of the input of flocculation agent and the flocculating effect that produces by all means, even consideration microprocess, also just all micelles are described as sphere, go to be explained that the phenomenon of this and actual viewed colloid and flocs unit has bigger difference with existing colloid chemistry theory and chemical kinetics theory.Although the investigator who has has introduced the particle coefficient and revised when theory is derived and formed final mathematic(al) representation, theory still is difficult to consistent with actual result.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of flocculation that is used for water treatment fractal online test method of offeing medicine.Method of the present invention has that can effectively to solve existing water treatment administration system factor of influence numerous, can not accurately detect the characteristics of problems such as flocculating degree, retardation time is long, spendable flocculation agent kind is limited rapidly.Device of the present invention is by lamp box 1, transparent flocculating settling groove 2, ccd video camera 3, A/D capture card 4, computer 5, printer 6, graphoscope 7 is formed, the output terminal of ccd video camera 3 is connected with the input terminus of A/D capture card 4, the output terminal of A/D capture card 4 is connected with the input terminus of computer 5, the print data output terminal of computer 5 is connected with the print data input terminus of printer 6, the video output terminals of computer 5 is connected with the video inputs of graphoscope 7, lamp box 1 is arranged on a side of transparent flocculating settling groove 2, ccd video camera 3 is arranged on the opposite side of transparent flocculating settling groove 2, and ccd video camera 3 is oppositely arranged every transparent flocculating settling groove 2 with lamp box 1.Method of the present invention is achieved in that uses above-mentioned device, to add flocculation agent and flow in the transparent flocculating settling groove 2 through the technology water sample after stirring, the technology water sample carries out flocculating settling in transparent flocculating settling groove 2, connect the power supply of lamp box 1, the illumination that lamp box 1 produces is mapped on the good transparent flocculating settling groove 2 of light transmission, and pass in the camera lens that shines ccd video camera 3 from transparent flocculating settling groove 2, ccd video camera 3 is converted into analog electrical signal with the optical signal of flco in the tested technology water sample in the transparent flocculating settling groove 2, this electrical signal is converted to the treatment system formation digital image information that numerary signal is input to computer 5 through A/D capture card 4 again, use the visual pattern recognition technology then and in conjunction with fractal theory the relevant information in the image is analyzed, the result prints with printer 6 or shows with graphoscope 7.The analytic process of this method energy simulating human vision is analyzed and is described floss size, flco intensity, fractal dimension etc. in the whole mensuration area.In used computer 5 programdesigns, certain gray areas is promptly determined the real area S of single pixel representative in the image as flco in the definition flocculation image _iAfter, system is calculated the area of flco: S=nS _iWherein S is the flco shadow area, and n is a pixel number contained in the floc image, S _iReal area for each pixel representative; Average gray with flco pixel in the image is represented flco intensity, promptly $\stackrel{\‾}{f}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{x=0}{\overset{\mathrm{\μ}-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=0}{\overset{\mathrm{\μ}-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}f(x,y);$ In the formula: f-flco average gray value; μ-flocculation gradation of image grade is divided into 256 grades; Pixel number in the n-floc image zone; F (x, y)-pixel (x, the gray-scale value of y) locating; Utilize following formula to handle to average gray numerical value, make the gained data variation become identical change trend with flco intensity: $A=(1-\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{f}}{L})\×K;$ In the formula: A represents flco intensity for handling the data of back gained, and the A value is big more, and flco intensity is high more; F is the same, and L is the maximum length of projection; K is corresponding magnification, is determined value for specific system; What obtained by ccd video camera 3 is the two dimensional image of the flco in the technology water sample of online detection dispensing back, calculates the shadow area S and the maximum length L of flco with grid method, is S=kL with the shadow area of flco and the funtcional relationship of maximum length ^DCalculate the fractal dimension D of flco; It is characterized in that drawing characteristic diameter according to flco shadow area S, the flco girth l relevant of expression flco size, the flco intensity A relevant, these four eigenwerts relevant of long-width ratio m of flco with the flco shape with the flco loosening degree with the flco shape $\mathrm{\Φ}=2\sqrt{\frac{s}{\mathrm{\π}}}[1-(1-2\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{s\π}}{l}})]\×[1-(1-\frac{1}{m})]\×A.$ Finally draw fractal factor-alpha=-Dlg φ is as the detection foundation of water treatment flocculation dispensing effect; The shadow area of flco and the funtcional relationship of maximum length: S=kL ^D, in the formula, S is the same; L is the maximum length of projection; K is a rate constant; D is the fractal dimension of flco at two-dimensional space; Ask natural logarithm to get lnA=DlnL+lnk to this formula,, obtain the collinear slope, just can obtain fractal dimension D according to the linear relation of lnA and lnL.The present invention has self-similarity and these two key characters of scale invariance within the specific limits according to flco, based on fractal theory, reacts the dispensing effect by the fractal factor-alpha value of flco in the water of online detection dispensing back.Method of the present invention is not only summarized dispensing universal law that flocculation process had, and the growth morphological character of throwing out mechanism and flocs unit provides the excellent research means in the flocculation process in order to understand.And it is numerous to solve existing water treatment administration system factor of influence, can not accurately detect problems such as flocculating degree, retardation time is long, spendable flocculation agent kind is limited rapidly.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of detection method equipment therefor of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is with the precipitation water turbidity of inventive method detection and the graph of relation of fractal factor-alpha value.

Embodiment:

Embodiment one: (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2) device of present embodiment is by lamp box 1, transparent flocculating settling groove 2, ccd video camera 3, A/D capture card 4, computer 5, printer 6, graphoscope 7 is formed, the output terminal of ccd video camera 3 is connected with the input terminus of A/D capture card 4, the output terminal of A/D capture card 4 is connected with the input terminus of computer 5, the print data output terminal of computer 5 is connected with the print data input terminus of printer 6, the video output terminals of computer 5 is connected with the video inputs of graphoscope 7, lamp box 1 is arranged on a side of transparent flocculating settling groove 2, ccd video camera 3 is arranged on the opposite side of transparent flocculating settling groove 2, and ccd video camera 3 is oppositely arranged every transparent flocculating settling groove 2 with lamp box 1.The method of present embodiment is achieved in that uses above-mentioned device, to add flocculation agent and flow in the transparent flocculating settling groove 2 through the technology water sample after stirring, the technology water sample carries out flocculating settling in transparent flocculating settling groove 2, connect the power supply of lamp box 1, the illumination that lamp box 1 produces is mapped on the good transparent flocculating settling groove 2 of light transmission, and pass in the camera lens that shines ccd video camera 3 from transparent flocculating settling groove 2, ccd video camera 3 is converted into analog electrical signal with the optical signal of flco in the tested technology water sample in the transparent flocculating settling groove 2, this electrical signal is converted to the treatment system formation digital image information that numerary signal is input to computer 5 through A/D capture card 4 again, use the visual pattern recognition technology then and in conjunction with fractal theory the relevant information in the image is analyzed, the result prints with printer 6 or shows with graphoscope 7.The analytic process of this method energy simulating human vision is analyzed and is described floss size, flco intensity, fractal dimension etc. in the whole mensuration area.In used computer 5 programdesigns, certain gray areas is promptly determined the real area S of single pixel representative in the image as flco in the definition flocculation image _iAfter, system is calculated the area of flco: S=nS _iWherein S is the flco shadow area, and n is a pixel number contained in the floc image, S _iReal area for each pixel representative.

Average gray with flco pixel in the image is represented flco intensity, promptly $\stackrel{\‾}{f}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{x=0}{\overset{\mathrm{\μ}-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=0}{\overset{\mathrm{\μ}-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}f(x,y).$ In the formula: f-flco average gray value; μ-flocculation gradation of image grade is divided into 256 grades; Pixel number in the n-floc image zone; F (x, y)-pixel (x, the gray-scale value of y) locating.Utilize following formula to handle to average gray numerical value, make the gained data variation become identical change trend with flco intensity: $A=(1-\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{f}}{L})\×K.$ In the formula: A represents flco intensity for handling the data of back gained, and the A value is big more, and flco intensity is high more; F is the same, and L is the maximum length of projection; K is corresponding magnification, is determined value for specific system.

What obtained by ccd video camera 3 is the two dimensional image of the flco in the technology water sample of online detection dispensing back, calculates the shadow area S and the maximum length L of flco with grid method, is S=kL with the shadow area of flco and the funtcional relationship of maximum length ^DCalculate the fractal dimension D of flco; Draw characteristic diameter according to flco shadow area S, the flco girth l relevant of expression flco size, the flco intensity A relevant, these four eigenwerts relevant of long-width ratio m of flco with the flco shape with the flco loosening degree with the flco shape

$\mathrm{\Φ}=2\sqrt{\frac{s}{\mathrm{\π}}}[1-(1-2\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{s\π}}{l}})]\×[1-(1-\frac{1}{m})]\×A.$ Finally draw fractal factor-alpha=-Dlg φ is as the detection foundation of water treatment flocculation dispensing effect.

The shadow area of flco and the funtcional relationship of maximum length: S=kL ^D, in the formula, S is the same; L is the maximum length of projection; K is a rate constant; D is the fractal dimension of flco at two-dimensional space.Ask natural logarithm to get lnA=DlnL+lnk to this formula,, obtain the collinear slope, just can obtain fractal dimension D according to the linear relation of lnA and lnL.Domestic conventional water treatment process generates flco under the situation of normal flocculation dosage fractal dimension majority is 1.34～1.84.

Just can calculate fractal factor-alpha value according to the fractal dimension D value and the flocs unit characteristic diameter that detect, promptly α=-Dlg φ.Water treatment flocculation dispensing effect quality is to be decided by the turbidity size that precipitates water on technology, fractal dimension D≤2 o'clock, flco has many endoporus, consequent permeability can reduce the precipitation resistance, improve the settling velocity of flco, fractal factor-alpha value is more little, and permeability is strong more, the flco sedimentation speed improves, thereby the precipitation water turbidity just reduces along with reducing of α.Measured curve has illustrated that also fractal factor-alpha value is linear substantially with the precipitation water turbidity in the accompanying drawing 2, so the present invention is feasible with fractal factor-alpha value as the detection foundation of water treatment flocculation dispensing effect quality.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of flocculation that is used for water treatment fractal online test method of offeing medicine, to add flocculation agent and flow in the transparent flocculating settling groove (2) through the technology water sample after stirring, the technology water sample carries out flocculating settling in transparent flocculating settling groove (2), connect the power supply of lamp box (1), the illumination that lamp box (1) produces is mapped on the good transparent flocculating settling groove (2) of light transmission, and pass in the camera lens that shines ccd video camera (3) from transparent flocculating settling groove (2), ccd video camera (3) is converted into analog electrical signal with the optical signal of flco in the tested technology water sample in the transparent flocculating settling groove (2), this electrical signal is converted to the treatment system formation digital image information that numerary signal is input to computer (5) through A/D capture card (4) again, using the visual pattern recognition technology then analyzes the relevant information in the image in conjunction with fractal theory, the result prints with printer (6) or shows with graphoscope (7), in used computer (5) programdesign, certain gray areas is promptly determined the real area S of single pixel representative in the image as flco in the definition flocculation image _iAfter, system is calculated the area of flco: S=nS _iWherein S is the flco shadow area, and n is a pixel number contained in the floc image, S _iReal area for each pixel representative; Average gray with flco pixel in the image is represented flco intensity, promptly $\stackrel{\‾}{f}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{x=0}{\overset{\mathrm{\μ}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=0}{\overset{\mathrm{\μ}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}f(x,y);$ In the formula: f-flco average gray value; μ-flocculation gradation of image grade is divided into 256 grades; Pixel number in the n-floc image zone; F (x, y)-pixel (x, the gray-scale value of y) locating; Utilize following formula to handle to average gray numerical value, make the gained data variation become identical change trend with flco intensity: $A=(1-\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{f}}{L})\×K;$ In the formula: A represents flco intensity for handling the data of back gained, and the A value is big more, and flco intensity is high more; F is the same, and L is the maximum length of projection; K is corresponding magnification, is determined value for specific system; What obtained by ccd video camera (3) is the two dimensional image of the flco in the technology water sample of online detection dispensing back, calculates the shadow area S and the maximum length L of flco with grid method, is S=kL with the shadow area of flco and the funtcional relationship of maximum length ^DCalculate the fractal dimension D of flco; It is characterized in that drawing characteristic diameter according to flco shadow area S, the flco girth l relevant of expression flco size, the flco intensity A relevant, these four eigenwerts relevant of long-width ratio m of flco with the flco shape with the flco loosening degree with the flco shape Finally draw fractal factor-alpha=-Dlg φ is as the detection foundation of water treatment flocculation dispensing effect; The shadow area of flco and the funtcional relationship of maximum length: S=kL ^D, in the formula, S is the same; L is the maximum length of projection; K is a rate constant; D is the fractal dimension of flco at two-dimensional space; Ask natural logarithm to get lnA=DlnL+lnk to this formula,, obtain the collinear slope, just can obtain fractal dimension D according to the linear relation of lnA and lnL.

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