CN1298115C - Optical receiving device for realizing luminous power adaptation of different inputs - Google Patents

Optical receiving device for realizing luminous power adaptation of different inputs Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1298115C
CN1298115C CNB031323073A CN03132307A CN1298115C CN 1298115 C CN1298115 C CN 1298115C CN B031323073 A CNB031323073 A CN B031323073A CN 03132307 A CN03132307 A CN 03132307A CN 1298115 C CN1298115 C CN 1298115C
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input optical
optical power
level
amplifier
signal
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CN1581735A (en
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舒华德
任之良
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of digital fiber transmission, which particularly relates to a self-adapting optical receiving device used in digital fiber communication systems or digital fiber networks for enhancing receiving performance under different input optical power; particularly, the present invention can realize the optimum reception of optical signals with different input optical power, which are transmitted through a long distance. The present invention first measures a curve of optimum decision points of the receiver under the condition of a group of different input optical power; the optimum decision points of the receiver are preset as predetermined parameters along with changes in the input optical power; the receiver selects different decision points according to the predetermined parameters and the detected input optical power; thereby, the goal of optimum reception can be reached. The decision points of the receiver basically keep unchanged in the prior art; when the optical power of the received optical signals changes, the performance of the receiver changes accordingly. When the present invention is used, the performance of the receiver under different input optical power is enhanced.

Description

A kind of realization is to the adaptive optical pickup apparatus of different input optical powers
Technical field
The invention belongs to the digital fiber transmission technique field, be specifically related to a kind of digital fiber communication system or digital fiber-optic network of being used for, under different input optical powers, improve the adaptive light receiving device of receptivity, particularly realize optimum reception the light signal of different input optical powers through growing Distance Transmission.
Background technology
Optical transmission system uses the business after optical receiver receives transmission, and such as STM-16 signal and STM-64 signal, their speed is respectively 2488.320Mb/s and 9953.280Mb/s.Usually in the WDM optical transmission system, because the attenuation change of circuit and the increase and decrease of the WDM number of channel, when these light signals arrived receiver, Output optical power can change.To the luminous power of difference input, how solving adaptive reception is one of the key issue in present technique field.
In existing optical transmission system, receiver generally by opto-electronic conversion, AGC control amplify, amplitude limit amplifies, clock/data regularly etc. are partly formed again, circuit structure is as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, all adopted the AGC amplifying circuit, the amplifying circuit of automatic gain adjusting just in order to satisfy the requirement that great dynamic range receives.When the input large-signal, start the AGC control circuit, the gain of receiver, bandwidth are as shown in Figure 2.To different input signal amplitudes, the bandwidth of AGC amplifying circuit is different, and this can influence the performance of receiver, particularly for the light signal through long Distance Transmission, because signal distortion is more serious, the change of receiver bandwidth can bring the bigger variation of receptivity.It is this because the change of receiver bandwidth may produce the error code or the networking capability of restriction system.
In existing technology and patent, has the method that great dynamic range receives that solves, as the method for introducing in the patent (US4565974) " preamplifier for super-dynamic-range optical receiver ", the method that adopts in this patent is at varying input signal level situation, change the bandwidth of agc circuit, guarantee the frequency response of receiver, under different power brackets, be consistent substantially, reach the purpose of adaptive reception.But this method implements the comparison difficulty, and particularly for the reception of STM-64 and STM-16 signal etc., because signal rate is higher, the distributed constant of circuit is difficult with control, the bandwidth of agc circuit is changed implement the comparison difficulty.The method that in the existing patent of finding, does not also have other effective head it off.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of and realizes the adaptive optical pickup apparatus of different input optical powers in order to overcome the receiver of the using prior art shortcoming to the light signal receiving ability deficiency of different input optical powers.
Signal has damage after transmitting, particularly pass through the transmission of long-distance WDM or SDH system.Because the signal generation deterioration when arriving receiver, the signal of this deterioration enters under the receiver situation at different input optical powers, because the bandwidth difference of agc circuit makes best determination point change along with the variation of input optical power.
Design of the present invention is: the curve of at first measuring the optimal judgement point of receiver under one group of different input optical power situation, then the variation of receiver optimal judgement point along with input optical power preestablished as parameter preset, receiver is according to these parameter presets, again according to detected input optical power, select different determination points, just can reach the purpose of optimum reception.
The present invention is achieved in that
Optical-electrical converter is realized by PIN (PIN Photodiode, PIN photodiode) or APD (Avalanche Photodiode, avalanche photodide) device, is used to finish the conversion of light signal to the signal of telecommunication;
TIA (trans-impedance amplifier) and AGC (Automatic gain control, automatic gain control) amplifier is used for input signal is carried out the adjusting of automatic gain;
The input optical power testing circuit is used to finish the luminous power measuring ability of input optical signal;
Limiting amplifier, be used to finish amplification and amplitude limit output, hour finish the linear amplification of signal, when input electrical signal is big, carry out amplitude limit output at input electrical signal to the signal of telecommunication, add simultaneously under different voltage or the current signal situation, to change the determination point of limiting amplifier;
Clock data recovery circuit is used for going out clock from the extracting data of input, also finishes the recovery of data simultaneously;
It is characterized in that also comprising and detect and control circuit:
By more predefined light signal parameter and detected light signal parameter, at TIA and AGC amplifier and PIN or APD device, the signal impairment that causes for the bandwidth change of light signal under different input optical powers through long Distance Transmission compensates;
Determination point by the control limiting amplifier makes receptivity under different input optical powers, realizes adaptive reception in the great dynamic range.
Described PIN pipe receives the overload luminous power greater than 0dbm, and sensitivity is less than-21dbm;
Described APD pipe receives the overload luminous power greater than-9dbm, and sensitivity is less than-31dbm.
Predefined light signal parameter described in detection and the control circuit is by measuring the curve of one group of resulting optimal judgement point of different input optical powers;
Described input optical power optimal judgement point curve can be by the light signal after input is transmitted to optical-electrical converter, and the electric eye figure crosspoint of measuring light electric transducer output obtains with going into the optical power change situation.
Predefined light signal parameter described in detection and the control circuit comprises different modulation formats, the optimal judgement point that different bandwidth receives down.
Described detection and control circuit by more predefined light signal parameter and detected light signal parameter, carry out optimization control to the decision level of limiting amplifier.
Described detection and control circuit are compared with default light signal parameter by the luminous power detection level that the received optical power testing circuit is imported, and control the decision level of adjusting limiting amplifier according to result relatively;
Utilize the single supply operational amplifier amplifier of making comparisons, select the threshold light power of the circuit of opening variation limiting amplifier decision level according to the optical-electrical converter optimal judgement point curve that records, input optical power detection level with threshold light power correspondence is a reference level, as the negative input end signal of amplifier; Amplifier positive input terminal signal connects input optical power and detects the level place, if input optical power surpass threshold value then input optical power detect level and be higher than reference level, change the circuit start of limiting amplifier decision level, input optical power is detected level to comparison amplifier and the reference level difference is amplified, output signal inserts limiting amplifier correction data end, the limiting amplifier decision level is dragged down, and the negative data end of limiting amplifier is directly given low level 0V by amplifier;
If input optical power be lower than threshold value then input optical power detect level and be lower than reference level, the circuit that changes the limiting amplifier decision level does not start, when comparison amplifier is output as low level 0V, the positive and negative data terminal of limiting amplifier this moment all adds low level 0V, makes the level that exports limiting amplifier to not influence the sensitivity index of receiver because of the symmetry of circuit.
The light signal parameter that obtains presetting by electric resistance partial pressure, two arm input optical powers at one tunnel amplifier LM324 are compared with default light signal parameter, when the detection level of input optical power correspondence surpasses predetermined level, change the circuit start of limiting amplifier decision level, along with the increase of the intensity of luminous power, the corresponding reduction of the decision level of limiting amplifier;
When described amplifier was output as low level 0V, the output of another road amplifier also was low level 0V, made the level that exports limiting amplifier to not influence the sensitivity index of receiver because of the symmetry of circuit.
In the prior art, the determination point of receiver remains unchanged substantially, and when the light signal luminous power that receives changed, the performance of receiver also can change thereupon like this.Adopt the method for the invention, compared with prior art, improved the performance of receiver under the different input optical powers.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of traditional receiver;
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation of bandwidth, AGC voltage and the input signal amplitude of traditional receiver;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram with adaptation function receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of concrete enforcement circuit diagram that the control of limiting amplifier decision level is adjusted that is used for;
Fig. 5 is a kind of light signal eye pattern that enters receiver after transmission;
Fig. 6 is a kind of signal of telecommunication eye pattern of receiver by agc circuit output that enter after transmission;
Fig. 7 is the another kind of signal of telecommunication eye pattern that enters the output of receiver agc circuit after transmission;
Fig. 8 be through the transmission after signal optimum receiver determination point and the graph of a relation of input optical power.
Embodiment
Key of the present invention is to increase to be used for the circuit that the determination point to limiting amplifier detects and controls in traditional receiver, parameter and detected light signal parameter by more predefined light signal, at other device of agc circuit and receiver, the bandwidth change under different input optical powers compensates; By the determination point of control limiting amplifier, the receptivity that makes whole receiver realizes adaptive reception in the great dynamic range under different input optical powers.
Receiver with adaptation function of the present invention is made up of optical-electrical converter (PIN or APD), TIA and AGC amplifier, input optical power testing circuit, limiting amplifier, detection and control circuit, clock data recovery circuit.The parameter of predefined light signal wherein, can but be not limited to comprise modulation format, optical signal property, the frequency response of receiver various piece, the receiver optimal judgement point under the different bandwidth etc. through after the transmission; Optical-electrical converter is finished by PIN or APD, finishes the conversion of light signal to the signal of telecommunication; The input optical power testing circuit is finished the luminous power measuring ability of input optical signal; The amplitude limit amplification appliance is finished the amplification and the amplitude limit output function of the signal of telecommunication, hour finish the linear enlarging function of signal at input electrical signal, when input electrical signal is big, carry out amplitude limit output, add simultaneously under different voltage or the current signal situation, can change the determination point of limiting amplifier; Clock data recovery circuit goes out clock from the extracting data of input, also finishes data recovery function simultaneously; The function of detection and control circuit comprises following several, detect the luminous power of input signal, the amplitude size of the TIA and the AGC amplifier output signal of telecommunication, reverse biased on APD or the PIN device, utilize these information and predefined light signal parameter, TIA and AGC amplifier, the bias voltage of optical-electrical converter, the judgement voltage of limiting amplifier etc. are carried out optimization control.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
After the present invention is used in particular for long Distance Transmission, under the different luminous power inputs, the optimum reception of light signal.
Fig. 1 is traditional receiver block diagram.Wherein, AGC (Automatic Gain Control) is automatic gain control, realizes opto-electronic conversion by PIN or APD device, and CDR (Clock datarecovery) is a clock data recovery circuit.
During circuit working, light receiving element (PIN or APD) is converted to the signal of telecommunication with light signal, signal amplitude is proportional to luminous intensity, because light signal is very big through long Distance Transmission decay, the signal of telecommunication that conversion is come is just very faint, to be sent to CDR again through amplifying, generally all integrated TIA﹠amp in light receiving element inside; AGC carries out preposition amplification to signal, and result amplified is input to limiting amplifier carries out sending into the CDR recovery behind the amplitude limit, thereby finishes the reception flow process to flashlight.
Consider the existing AGC function of receiver, when different input signal amplitudes, AGC amplifier magnification ratio GAGC is different, therefore the bandwidth fAGC of AGC amplifier is different, when importing for large-signal, AGC turns the gain of circuit automatically down, and at this moment the bandwidth of amplifier can increase, and the bandwidth of agc circuit is as follows:
FAGC * GAGC=gain bandwidth constant C
What Fig. 2 represented is exactly this bandwidth change, specifically is the relation of bandwidth, AGC voltage and the input signal amplitude of receiver, and wherein: BW is the bandwidth of receiver, and VAGC is an AGC control voltage, and Pin is the signal amplitude of input AGC amplifier.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram with receiver of adaptation function of the present invention.
Compare with traditional receiver and to have introduced detection and control circuit, utilize original input optical power testing circuit (because input optical power is directly proportional with the photogenerated current of light receiving element, this current value is converted to magnitude of voltage, by monitoring the variation of this magnitude of voltage, just can detect the situation of change of input optical power), input optical power is detected level compare, adjust the decision level of limiting amplifier according to result relatively with parameter preset.Concrete application example as shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit that control is adjusted to the limiting amplifier decision level that is used for of concrete enforcement.This circuit parameter is applicable to the light receiving element of Fujitsu, as: frm5w231bs obtains parameter preset by resistance R 16 and R18 dividing potential drop.On two arms of amplifier D1C, input optical power is compared with parameter preset, when the detection level of input optical power correspondence surpasses predetermined level, changes the circuit start of limiting amplifier decision level, along with the increase of the intensity of luminous power, the decision level of limiting amplifier can corresponding reduction.
It should be noted that when designing for Fig. 4:
1, receives the improvement of the overload point place receptivity of optical device, both reduced by reducing the error rate that behind the limiting amplifier crosspoint SDH instrument measurement is measured;
2, also to guarantee the receiving sensitivity index of receiver simultaneously;
When 3, the input optical power of receiver changes, guarantee the smooth change in crosspoint in case when sudden change, produce error code between overload point and sensitivity point.
Regulate overload point:
Because of different manufacturers, the light receiving element of different model is for identical input optical power, and its optimum reception judgement crosspoint is different.To this, at first to find out at which power points and begin to change the receiver decision point by measurement of error code, the APD device frm5w231bs of Fujitsu for example will change crosspoint at input optical power during for-15dbm through actual measurement.
It is as follows in conjunction with Fig. 4 in detail the process that control is adjusted to the limiting amplifier decision level to be described in detail:
According to measured result, to the crosspoint be reduced during for-15dbm at input optical power, error code minimum when the reference level on being connected on limiting amplifier DATA-is 3V, can realize this point during for 4V for Fig. 4 circuit when the output level (8 pin level) of D1C (LM324), its output this condition that reaches capacity has just realized for the LM324 chip, for realizing that this condition is with the D1C positive input terminal, be connected on the inner intrinsic input optical power testing circuit of receiver (when input optical power for-20dbm time power detection level is 0.4V, when input optical power detects level during for-15dbm is 0.6V) on, when receiver detects input optical power greater than behind-the 15dbm, the positive input terminal level of amplifier D1C is 0.6V, deduct the reference level 0.4V that 2.5V reference voltage dividing potential drop is obtained by resistance R 16 and R18, (Vref=R16/ (R16+R18) * 2.5V=0.4V), amplified by 100 multiplication benefits, amplifier D1C output is saturated, output level is 4V, limiting amplifier judgement crosspoint be optimum, for be higher than-signal of 15dbm be owing to wouldn't further compensate with the simplification circuit near the practical application of receiver overload luminous power again.For the frm5231bs device,-it is 0.4V that 20dbm begins to compensate the reference level that can be obtained by resistance R 16 and R18 dividing potential drop this moment, when luminous power be higher than-during 20dbm, amplifier positive input terminal level is higher than 0.4V, the amplifier output level begins to raise in proportion, determination level of receiver begins downward modulation and since from-20dbm to-adjustment of 15dbm crosspoint is the level and smooth error code of having avoided sudden change to bring.When input optical power during less than-20dbm, the positive input terminal level of amplifier is lower than the negative input end level, amplifier output low level 0V, amplifier D1D positive input terminal level also was lower than the output of negative input end level and was similarly 0V this moment, thereby the level that is added on limiting amplifier DATA+ and the DATA-does not influence the receiver sensitivity index because of the circuit symmetrical coupling.
For different reception optical devices, optimum Working is found in the gain that can change discharge circuits by dividing potential drop parameter and the resistance R 10 of adjustment resistance R 16 and R18.
Fig. 5 is a kind of light signal eye pattern that enters receiver after transmission, here the optical bandwidth of receiver is about 3 times of signal rates, and owing to the influence of transmission, there is overshoot in signal as can be seen, this moment, the upper punch of signal was very serious, and the no error code district of eye pattern, crosspoint are very low.
Fig. 6 is that from the signal of telecommunication eye pattern of agc circuit output, input optical power was less here after the signal after this transmission received through receiver, AGC is in linear service area, because the bandwidth of receiving device is narrower this moment, no error code district and crosspoint are near the determination point 1/2 of limiting amplifier.
Fig. 7 is that from the signal of telecommunication eye pattern of agc circuit output, input optical power was bigger here after the signal after this transmission received through receiver, and AGC is in the saturation region, because the bandwidth of receiving device broad this moment, no error code district and crosspoint are lower.
As can be seen, under the different input optical power situations, because the bandwidth difference of receiver, the optimal judgement point of receiver is different, Fig. 8 represents be this after transmitting the receiver optimal judgement point of signal along with the variation relation of input optical power.
Adopt the method for the invention, compared with prior art, improved the receptivity of receiver under the different input optical power situations, can realize receiver, to the optimization reception of different input optical powers.

Claims (4)

1. a realization comprises the adaptive optical pickup apparatus of different input optical powers:
Optical-electrical converter is realized by PIN photodiode or avalanche photodide device, is used to finish the conversion of light signal to the signal of telecommunication;
Trans-impedance amplifier and automatic gain control amplifier are used for input signal is carried out the adjusting of automatic gain;
The input optical power testing circuit is used to finish the luminous power measuring ability of input optical signal;
Limiting amplifier, be used to finish amplification and amplitude limit output, hour finish the linear amplification of signal, when input electrical signal is big, carry out amplitude limit output at input electrical signal to the signal of telecommunication, add simultaneously under different voltage or the current signal situation, to change the determination point of limiting amplifier;
Clock data recovery circuit is used for going out clock from the extracting data of input, also finishes the recovery of data simultaneously;
It is characterized in that also comprising and detect and control circuit:
By relatively input optical power determination point and input optical power detect level, at trans-impedance amplifier and automatic gain control amplifier and photodiode or avalanche photodide device, the signal impairment that causes for the bandwidth change of light signal under different input optical powers through long Distance Transmission compensates;
When the detection level of input optical power correspondence surpasses predetermined level, change the circuit start of limiting amplifier decision level, when optical power intensity increases, the corresponding reduction of the decision level of limiting amplifier; Determination point by the control limiting amplifier makes receptivity under different input optical powers, realizes adaptive reception in the great dynamic range;
Described photodiode receives the overload luminous power greater than 0dbm, and sensitivity is less than-21dbm;
Described avalanche photodide receives the overload luminous power greater than-9dbm, and sensitivity is less than-31dbm.
2. realize according to claim 1 the adaptive optical pickup apparatus of different input optical powers be is characterized in that:
The determination point of input optical power described in detection and the control circuit is by measuring the curve of one group of resulting optimal judgement point of different input optical powers;
Described input optical power optimal judgement point curve can be by the light signal after input is transmitted to optical-electrical converter, and the electric eye figure crosspoint of measuring light electric transducer output obtains with going into the optical power change situation.
3. realize according to claim 1 the adaptive optical pickup apparatus of different input optical powers be is characterized in that:
The determination point of input optical power comprises different modulation formats described in detection and the control circuit, the optimal judgement point that different bandwidth receives down.
As realization as described in the claim 3 to the adaptive optical pickup apparatus of different input optical powers, it is characterized in that:
Described detection and control circuit are compared with default light signal parameter by the luminous power detection level that the received optical power testing circuit is imported, and control the decision level of adjusting limiting amplifier according to result relatively;
Utilize the single supply operational amplifier amplifier of making comparisons, select the threshold light power of the circuit of opening variation limiting amplifier decision level according to the optical-electrical converter optimal judgement point curve that records, input optical power detection level with threshold light power correspondence is a reference level, as the negative input end signal of amplifier; Amplifier positive input terminal signal connects input optical power and detects the level place, if input optical power surpass threshold value then input optical power detect level and be higher than reference level, change the circuit start of limiting amplifier decision level, input optical power is detected level to comparison amplifier and the reference level difference is amplified, output signal inserts limiting amplifier correction data end, the limiting amplifier decision level is dragged down, and the negative data end of limiting amplifier is directly given low level 0V by amplifier;
If input optical power be lower than threshold value then input optical power detect level and be lower than reference level, the circuit that changes the limiting amplifier decision level does not start, when comparison amplifier is output as low level 0V, the positive and negative data terminal of limiting amplifier this moment all adds low level 0V, makes the level that exports limiting amplifier to not influence the sensitivity index of receiver because of the symmetry of circuit.
CNB031323073A 2003-08-08 2003-08-08 Optical receiving device for realizing luminous power adaptation of different inputs Expired - Lifetime CN1298115C (en)

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