CN1296607C - Internal combustion engine waste gas purifying noise suppresor - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine waste gas purifying noise suppresor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1296607C CN1296607C CNB031160670A CN03116067A CN1296607C CN 1296607 C CN1296607 C CN 1296607C CN B031160670 A CNB031160670 A CN B031160670A CN 03116067 A CN03116067 A CN 03116067A CN 1296607 C CN1296607 C CN 1296607C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a waste gas purifying silencer for internal combustion engines, which comprises a purifying silencer casing, a waste gas inlet pipe, a combustion chamber, a silencing chamber, an air inlet, a hot air inlet pipe and an ejecting cavity, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber casing and a combustion chamber liner, an air preheating layer is arranged between the combustion chamber casing and the combustion chamber liner, and the air inlet is communicated with the hot air inlet pipe through the combustion chamber interlayer; an interlayer is arranged between the purifying silencer casing and the combustion chamber casing; an exhaust port for exhausting combusted mixed gases is arranged between the combustion chamber and the end surface of the purifying silencer casing on one side of the waste gas inlet pipe. The present invention has the advantages of long service life, simple structure and low cost, can thoroughly purify the harmful gases, does not need external power, can automatically continuously control the ratio of the mixed gases, and can directly replace the existing waste gas purifying silencer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus, particularly relate to the internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying rate that can improve greatly, need not external power, and be applicable to the internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus of vehicle.
Background technique
At present, the internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencer known of crowd mainly adopts precious metal binary, three-way emission control device.This device has very high requirement to fuel air ratio of motor, and firing time, the fuel oil of motor had higher requirement, and it costs an arm and a leg, and is difficult to further improve the waste-gas cleaning rate.
Existing secondary air compensating device is to adopt air pump that air is pressed onto the engine exhaust port position, makes CO, the hydrocarbon mixing in fresh air and the waste gas and utilizes the surplus temperature of waste gas to make the waste gas secondary combustion.This device has improved the waste-gas cleaning rate greatly, but it also has tangible deficiency: it needs external power (1), increases energy consumption; (2) increase peripheral hardware such as air pump power engine, raise the cost; (3) can't accurately provide air compensation as required, because of automobile is variable working condition, waste gas is the pulse discharging, and continuous and tonifying Qi equivalent can not be accomplished the even mixing of waste gas and air; (4) can not normal combustion when engine exhaust temperature is low, influence purifying effect.
The present inventor also once expected adopting contraction pipeline ejectors technique in addition, produced negative pressure with air introducing carrying out secondary combustion.Imagination so promptly can save peripheral hardwares such as air pump, power engine can save power consumption again.We know that the indoor pressure of purification of combustion necessarily is higher than external pressure, realize introducing the purpose of air, just must create the operating conditions that is lower than external pressure.According to the aerodynamics theory, the collapsible tube technology can only be increased to threshold state with gas flow rate, promptly is operated in the subsonic velocity stage.Air-flow step-down in shrink nozzle, expansion, acceleration are limited, because ambient pressure P is less than critical pressure P
*, that is, and P＜P
*Or
(P
0Be stagnation pressure, refer to that here waste gas enters the pressure before the shrink nozzle) time air flow be called and owe expanded gas flow, its pressure can only drop to critical pressure P when exporting section
*, therefore,
The time, equal to have wasted with energy, by P with shrink nozzle
*The energy of → P representative does not obtain utilizing, and can not accelerate to more than the velocity of sound in jet pipe.Therefore also can not in jet pipe, be reduced to critical pressure P
*Below.Waste gas in the jet pipe enters deceleration supercharging rapidly behind the firing chamber, and its pressure is higher than external pressure.Consequently not only can not finish air is introduced, also will cause waste gas oppositely to discharge from air entraining pipe.Through test, with this kind method, air entraining pipe is because anti-row of waste gas smoked into black.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of existing purifier, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus, this internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus can improve the waste-gas cleaning rate greatly; It utilizes the energy work of waste gas self, does not need external power, and can be automatically finishes tonifying Qi according to the size of the discharge amount of waste gas pulse type emission.
The present invention fully uses the kinetic energy and the heat energy of waste gas, utilizes its physics chemical action to make waste gas reach the full and uniform mixing of molecule aspect, fully purification of combustion.
The present invention adopts the ultrasound velocity design for realizing air introducing, mixing, supercharging, heating, control automatically functions such as air introducing ratio, abundant smooth combustion purification, introduces the convergent-divergent channel technology.
Want to finish air-flow and cross over to ultrasound velocity, and make stream pressure subcritical pressure P from subsonic velocity
*With external pressure P, change to subsonic velocity from ultrasound velocity again, and stream pressure is increased to more than the external pressure.Aerodynamic principle is told us, can't realize with collapsible tube or expanding duct for simple.During subsonic velocity was quickened, the relative variation that speed increases was the relative variation that reduces greater than density, and the speed increase is main, thereby area must reduce with the speed increase.During ultrasound velocity was quickened, the relative variation that speed increases was the relative variation that reduces less than density.It is main that density reduces thereby area must reduce and increases with density.Subsonic velocity that Here it is and supersonic flow exist the physical cause of essential distinction.The present invention adopts and can make air-flow quicken the ultrasound velocity that reduces pressure continuously from subsonic velocity, and supersonic flow is slowed down continuously be pressurized to subacoustic device, i.e. Laval nozzle, it is made up of contraction section, throat and extending section.
Form the jet chamber with two sections convergent-divergent channels and one section horizontal pipe, adopt annular injection scheme, utilize the ultrasound velocity characteristic of convergent-divergent channel, in expanding duct, quicken continuously after making the air communication of threshold state cross annular throat, decompression, making strong subnormal ambient in the chamber introduces air, utilize the powerful kinetic energy of impulse ultrasound speed waste gas in negative cavity, to form mixed gas (introducing of air is directly proportional with the frequency and the flow velocity of pulse waste gas) with air, mixed supersonic gas stream enters second convergent-divergent channel behind horizontal pipe, utilize the subsonic velocity characteristic of convergent-divergent channel, supersonic flow is slowed down continuously, supercharging, air-flow reaches the temperature maximum value after flowing out jet pipe in the firing chamber.Can make full use of the kinetic energy and the heat energy of waste gas like this, reach two kinds of gas molecule aspects and fully mix, in the overall process of motor variable working condition, guarantee automatic control bleed and smooth combustion exactly in proportion, and windage loss is reduced to minimum.Introduce ultrasonic technique and be solve the automatic control bleed, heat, the core technology of supercharging, burning.
The invention provides a kind of internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus, have: purifying muffler shell, exhaust inlet pipe, firing chamber, and anechoic room; It is characterized in that: described internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus also is provided with: air intlet, HAI Heated Air Intake pipe and ejection cavity; The firing chamber has combustor outer casing and firing chamber inner bag, has the air preheat layer between combustor outer casing and the firing chamber inner bag, and air intlet is communicated with the HAI Heated Air Intake pipe by described air preheat layer; Between described purifying muffler shell and described combustor outer casing, has interlayer; Between the end face of the purifying muffler shell of firing chamber and exhaust inlet pipe one side, have the exhaust port that is used for discharging through the mixed gas of burning, described ejection cavity is connected to form successively by preceding convergent-divergent channel, horizontal pipe and back convergent-divergent channel; Convergent-divergent channel is made of preceding collapsible tube, preceding convergent-divergent channel throat and preceding expanding duct before described; Described back convergent-divergent channel is made of aftershrinkage pipe, back convergent-divergent channel throat and back expanding duct.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the local sketch of the ejection cavity part of expression internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Among Fig. 1,1 expression exhaust inlet pipe, 2 expression HAI Heated Air Intake pipes, 3 expression hot air outlets, 4 expression purifying muffler shells, 5 expression combustor outer casings, 6 expression firing chamber inner bags, 7 expression horizontal pipes, 8 expression aftershrinkage pipes, 9 expression back convergent-divergent channel throats, 10 expression back expanding ducts, 11 expression air intlets, 12 expression turbines, 13 expression binary catalyst layers, 14 expression microwell plates, 15 expression hush tubes, the end face of 16 expression purifying muffler shells, 17 expression ring-type throat section fine setting screw threads, collapsible tube before 18 expressions, convergent-divergent channel throat before 19 expressions, expanding duct before 20 expressions, interlayer between 21 expression purifying muffler shells 4 and the combustor outer casing 5,22 expression firing chambers, 23 expression exhaust ports, 24 expression air preheat layers.
Among Fig. 2,25 expressions are formed the back convergent-divergent channel by described aftershrinkage pipe 8, back convergent-divergent channel throat 9 and back expanding duct 10; 26 expressions are by convergent-divergent channel before collapsible tube 18, preceding convergent-divergent channel throat 19 and preceding expanding duct 20 are formed before described; 27 expressions are formed ejection cavity by preceding Bearing score pipe 26, horizontal pipe 7 and back convergent-divergent channel 25.
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, HAI Heated Air Intake pipe 2 is sleeved in the exhaust inlet pipe 1, and one section reducing of the hot air outlet 3 of HAI Heated Air Intake pipe 2 presents an angle, forms an annular exit venturi with preceding convergent-divergent channel throat 19; Its throatpiston can be according to the engine displacement parameter, carry out stepless adjustment by adjusting annular throat cross section fine setting screw thread 17 flexible throat positions; The ring-type that waste gas is formed by HAI Heated Air Intake pipe 2 and preceding convergent-divergent channel throat 19 through exhaust inlet pipe 1 exports venturi and goes out with pulse mode; Form an annular expansion cross section between preceding expanding duct 20 and HAI Heated Air Intake pipe 2, the waste gas under the threshold state expands rapidly to reduce pressure along the streamline cross section that enlarges gradually and enters the ultrasound velocity state, produces strong negative pressuren zone thus in ejection cavity 27.
Ambient air is inhaled into ejection cavity 27 through air intlet 11, the air preheat layer 24 and the HAI Heated Air Intake pipe 2 that are formed by combustor outer casing 5 and firing chamber inner bag 6, and produces with waste gas and to mix; Because the initial velocity of two kinds of gases differs greatly, must form the strong collision of its molecule aspect, and produce very big kinetic energy, also utilized the self-vibration (a kind of physical phenomenon) of hot gas self simultaneously, make two kinds of gases be able to abundant mixing.Mixed supersonic gas enters aftershrinkage pipe 8 through horizontal pipe 7, along deceleration, the supercharging continuously of diminishing streamline cross section, heat the subsonic velocity state that enters.Through after convergent-divergent channel throat 9 enter the turbine 12 that expanding duct 10 continues deceleration, supercharging along the streamline cross section that enlarges gradually, sprays to the bottom that is loaded on firing chamber 22 after heating, air vane guide (not shown) through turbine 12 produces along the air-flow of firing chamber inner bag 6 rotations, and it is more even that gas is mixed.
Because ambient air is through air preheat layer 24, self temperature has reached several Baidu, has just built a good ignition environment under the effect in several energy, and combustion temperature is further improved.
Mixed gas obtains the sufficient reaction time in firing chamber inner bag 6, then between the end face 16 by the purifying muffler shell 4 that is arranged on firing chamber 22 and exhaust inlet pipe 1 one sides, be used for discharging exhaust port 23 through the mixed gas of burning, after 22 discharges of firing chamber, turn to, along the interlayer 21 between purifying muffler shell 4 and the combustor outer casing 5 (firing chamber inner bag 6 itself also is the constituent element of silencing apparatus), for example, through binary catalyst layer 13 and the anechoic room of forming by hush tube 15 and microwell plate 14, purifying and eliminate the noise after state under enter atmosphere.
Ambient atmosphere can be taken from not shown air-strainer (also can add air filter in addition), causes air intlet 11 by flexible pipe.For the housing that guarantees firing chamber 22 is subjected to thermal balance, also not shown air flue can be installed in air preheat layer 24; Air evenly flows through air preheat layer 24, enters HAI Heated Air Intake pipe 2 through air flue, thereby is introduced in the ejection cavity 27 and waste gas reaction.
Temperature during work in the firing chamber 22 will be up to 800 ℃～and 1200 ℃ (freezing temperature of oxides of nitrogen gas is more than 1250 ℃, therefore can not produce new oxides of nitrogen gas).
Another effect of air preheat floor is the housing of cooling combustion chamber 22, makes it can be in deformed damaged under the hot environment.
In order to reduce engine back pressure, make the engine cylinder scavenging smooth and easy, improve engine output, the engine exhaust port place also can adopt expanding duct to be connected with parallel way with main exhaust, thereby can utilize the ejector action of expanding duct, improve scavenging efficiency, the control engine back pressure.Also the main exhaust cross section can be reduced in addition, can reduce outlet pipe air storage capacity like this, improve pulsating pressure, improve jet speed, increase gas kinetic energy, and can ingeniously utilize the waste gas of self-loopa in the cylinder to increase combustion gas thermal capacity, effectively good purification base is set up in the generation of control NO gas.
Below for example understand embodiments of the present invention, but internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, can carry out various distortion on aim of the present invention.For example, the situation that firing chamber part and anechoic room are partly combined has been described in an embodiment, still, also can have constituted exhaust gas purification muffler of the present invention by the firing chamber part separately; Because firing chamber itself is exactly a kind of reflective anechoic room, so itself also has the function of noise elimination.
As mentioned above, the ring-type trunnion passage that the present invention utilizes pulsation that motor car engine discharges, pressurized gas to form through hot air steam outlet pipe and expanding duct, through convergent-divergent channel expanding duct speedup,, in ejection cavity, produce strong negative pressure air is sucked with the ultrasound velocity ejection.This moment, the current difference of waste gas and air was very big, two kinds of gas molecules produce strong collision and fully mixing in the molecule aspect, slow down continuously at second section convergent-divergent channel, supercharging, after heating, mixed gas produces strong self-vibration kinetic energy under the effect of high temperature (more than the 570K), and temperature kinetic energy big more (this is a kind of gas physical phenomenon) more, under above-mentioned two kinds of physical actions, unburnt gas CO in the waste gas, hydrocarbon begins to burn under oxygen combustion-supporting (because air has passed through preheating before introducing in air again, existing 530K～the 750K of the temperature of this moment, very help setting up burning situation), high temperature gas flow is flowed through and is produced rotation behind the air vane guide of turbine, the uniformity and the stability of burning have further been guaranteed, here turbine also has the another one effect, be that it has certain thermal capacity, when temperature of exhaust gas changes, can guarantee to burn continuously, deceleration through the firing chamber, supercharging, heat, burning has fully guaranteed reaction time and effect.
Nitrogen oxide in the engine exhaust gas is not the not most intermediate material that burns, and it is that motor is at oxygen enrichment, high temperature and have under the state of enough holding time by airborne N
2, O
2The material that reaction produces, its form of export mainly is NO, becomes NO after running into the air that covers
2(existing apparatus NO only becomes NO with air reaction after entering atmosphere
2), NO
2Water-soluble, owing to become water and CO after hydrocarbon materials and the air reaction burning
2In firing chamber anechoic room and outlet pipe, just give NO like this
2The water-soluble advantage of having created, the exhaust port of reacted gas between the end face of the purifying muffler shell of firing chamber and exhaust inlet pipe one side discharged, through the binary catalyst layer, through being covered with the anechoic room of microwell plate, will be discharged to atmosphere after the thorough purification of the nubbin of CO, hydrocarbon.Another characteristics of this device are that the air inflow of air is regulated automatically with the air displacement of waste gas, can accomplish the optimal gas mixed proportion under nearly all working condition.
Direct effect of the present invention is, it can effectively improve the purification ratio to CO, hydrocarbon, the harmful gas of nitrogen oxide, long, simple in structure, tonifying Qi automatic control (tuning) of life-span accurately, gas energy utilization ratio height, no peripheral hardware does not have additionaling power, cost is low.
Claims (8)
1. an internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus has: purifying muffler shell (4), exhaust inlet pipe (1), firing chamber (22), and anechoic room; It is characterized in that:
Described internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus also is provided with: air intlet (11), HAI Heated Air Intake pipe (2) and ejection cavity (27);
Described firing chamber (22) has combustor outer casing (5) and firing chamber inner bag (6), has air preheat layer (24) between described combustor outer casing (5) and the described firing chamber inner bag (6); Described air intlet (11) is communicated with described HAI Heated Air Intake pipe (2) by described air preheat layer (24); Between described purifying muffler shell (4) and described combustor outer casing (5), has interlayer (21); Between the end face (16) of the described purifying muffler shell (4) of described firing chamber (22) and described exhaust inlet pipe (1) one side, has the exhaust port (23) that is used for discharging through the mixed gas of burning;
Described ejection cavity (27) is connected to form successively by preceding convergent-divergent channel (26), horizontal pipe (7) and back convergent-divergent channel (25); Convergent-divergent channel (26) is made of preceding collapsible tube (18), preceding convergent-divergent channel throat (19) and preceding expanding duct (20) before described; Described back convergent-divergent channel (25) is made of aftershrinkage pipe (8), back convergent-divergent channel throat (9) and back expanding duct (10).
2. internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the inwall of the hot air outlet (3) of described HAI Heated Air Intake pipe (2) is the convergent-divergent channel shape.
3. internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: by described HAI Heated Air Intake pipe (2) with described before the ring-type that forms of convergent-divergent channel throat (19) export the sectional area continuous variable of venturi.
4. internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: can be with through the air of preheating or without the air of preheating, introduce any one position of forming convergent-divergent channel (26) and described horizontal pipe (7) before described ejection cavity (27) described.
5. internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described firing chamber interlayer (24) air flue is set.
6. as each the described internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the turbine device with air vane guide is set in described firing chamber.
7. as each the described internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus also has the binary catalyst layer.
8. as each the described internal-combustion engines exhaust gas purifying silencing apparatus among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described anechoic room is made up of hush tube (15) and microwell plate (14), and described microwell plate (14) is arranged in the described hush tube (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031160670A CN1296607C (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2003-03-28 | Internal combustion engine waste gas purifying noise suppresor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031160670A CN1296607C (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2003-03-28 | Internal combustion engine waste gas purifying noise suppresor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1534173A CN1534173A (en) | 2004-10-06 |
| CN1296607C true CN1296607C (en) | 2007-01-24 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031160670A Expired - Fee Related CN1296607C (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2003-03-28 | Internal combustion engine waste gas purifying noise suppresor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103514878A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-15 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Acoustic modeling method and device, and speech recognition method and device |
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| CN103743570B (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | For the silencing apparatus of supersonic combustion punching engine testing stand |
| CN104121077A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Catalytic silencer |
| CN104564242B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-01-16 | 贵州黄帝车辆净化器有限公司 | The reverse rectification assembly of diesel engine DPF low-temp recovery igniter air-flows |
| CN106762066B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2022-08-02 | 山东科技大学 | Diesel engine tail gas silencing and particle capturing integrated device |
| CN107976080A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-01 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | A kind of device and technique for handling vanadium titanium reduction rotary kiln exhaust gas |
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| US3857458A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1974-12-31 | Toyo Kogyo Co | Exhaust gas outlet means for an internal combustion engine |
| CN2066493U (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1990-11-28 | 浙江省鄞县塘溪劳动保护用品厂 | Exhausting silencer |
| SU982397A1 (en) * | 1979-07-01 | 1992-02-07 | Предприятие П/Я В-8670 | Silencer of gas acoustic noises |
| JPH09158722A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-06-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Exhaust device for single cylinder internal combustion engine |
| DE19619173C1 (en) * | 1996-05-11 | 1997-07-24 | Gillet Heinrich Gmbh | Pulsating-gas silencer with variable damping characteristics |
| CN2273776Y (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-02-04 | 雷奕森 | Apparatus for air purification with naturally wind intaking function |
| CN1375624A (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2002-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Comprehensive method of purifying exhausted gas of motor vehicle |
-
2003
- 2003-03-28 CN CNB031160670A patent/CN1296607C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3857458A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1974-12-31 | Toyo Kogyo Co | Exhaust gas outlet means for an internal combustion engine |
| SU982397A1 (en) * | 1979-07-01 | 1992-02-07 | Предприятие П/Я В-8670 | Silencer of gas acoustic noises |
| CN2066493U (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1990-11-28 | 浙江省鄞县塘溪劳动保护用品厂 | Exhausting silencer |
| JPH09158722A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-06-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Exhaust device for single cylinder internal combustion engine |
| CN2273776Y (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-02-04 | 雷奕森 | Apparatus for air purification with naturally wind intaking function |
| DE19619173C1 (en) * | 1996-05-11 | 1997-07-24 | Gillet Heinrich Gmbh | Pulsating-gas silencer with variable damping characteristics |
| CN1375624A (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2002-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Comprehensive method of purifying exhausted gas of motor vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103514878A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-15 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Acoustic modeling method and device, and speech recognition method and device |
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| CN1534173A (en) | 2004-10-06 |
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