A kind of method of evaporating, concentrating and drying waste saponifying alkali solution
The present invention relates to a kind of method of evaporating, concentrating and drying waste saponifying alkali solution.Saponification waste lye is that cyclohexane oxidation prepares in the pimelinketone process, with in the sodium hydroxide solution and the organic acid in the oxidation liquid, and the organic acid acetic in the saponification oxidation liquid and one waste liquid of obtaining.This waste liquid is a kind of chocolate strong basicity thick liquid, and chemical oxygen demand is up to hundreds thousand of.The saponification waste lye treatment process that adopts mainly contains burning method and reclaims organism method (being chemical method) with the acid neutralization both at home and abroad, and two kinds of methods respectively have characteristics.Burning method is decontamination more up hill and dale, by-product soda ash and steam.The organism method is reclaimed in the acid neutralization can recycle the multiple organic acid of deutero-(as butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, hexanodioic acid) in the cyclohexane oxidation process, inorganic salt products such as recyclable sodium sulfate of while, produce the multiple fine chemical product that China market is in short supply, value added is high, certain potential economic benefit is arranged, realized turning waste into wealth.Producer adopts burning method to handle mostly at present.Before burning earlier will with saponification waste lye concentration from about the 28%wt through bringing up to about 45%wt after the evaporation concentration.Because the characteristic of saponification waste lye decision, evaporating concentration process is very easily fouling in interchanger, influence evaporation effect, total concentration admittedly is difficult to reach design load 50%wt, has strengthened the load of incinerator, expends heavy oil again, and owing to evaporate back phlegma band alkali contaminate environment again, therefore, improve total concentration admittedly, reducing the salkali waste total amount is to improve the effective way of treatment unit load.
The composition of the composition of saponification waste lye and characteristic saponification waste lye (saponification waste lye that concentrates back 42%wt at single vaporization is formed)
According to Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica's analytical results, its saponification waste lye classical group becomes organic monocarboxylic acid 10.89%wt, diprotic acid 1.36%wt, ketone ester compounds 4.24%wt, polymkeric substance 13.17%wt, Na (being converted into NaOH) 17.46%wt, water 52.88%wt.The characteristic parameter of saponification waste lye
By analyzing and testing, the composition of saponification waste lye and relevant physical data, the chemical oxygen demand of its saponification waste lye after single vaporization concentrates is 50-70 ten thousand mg/l, basicity is 13-19%wt, density 1.2-1.3g/cm
3, in the prior art, generally the viscosity when always being 50%wt admittedly for 111 ℃ is 7.641mPas, vapour pressure is 109.300Kpa, 30 ℃ of ctystallizing points.
Is 18%wt-31%wt from the cyclohexane oxidation high-tension unit without the general total solid content of spissated saponification waste lye, containing hexanaphthene during always admittedly for 18%wt is 0.02%wt, hexalin is 0.05%wt, pimelinketone is 0.11%wt, salt is 17.37%wt, and NaOH is 0.812%wt, and water is 79.43%wt, 96 ℃ of temperature, density 1174kg/m
3, viscosity 0.292mPas, vapour pressure 87.673Kpa, 1.0 ℃ of ctystallizing points.
As shown in Figure 1, send into saponification waste lye vaporizer 5 through saponification waste lye surge tank 1 back with saponification waste lye pump 4 without spissated saponification waste lye, through the step-down flash distillation, and evaporate with the 0.9Mpa steam heating, vapor-liquid separation in separator 6, saponification waste lye concentration rises to 41%wt-48%wt by 18%wt-31%wt, is sent to the incinerator processing through concentrating after saponification waste lye discharging pump 9.Gas phase enters condensate storage 8 alkane water stratifications after condenser 7 condensations, lower floor's water reclaims and does process water usefulness, and upper strata hexanaphthene organic phase is gone back to system and utilized.
From above-mentioned flow process, the saponification waste lye evaporative process is a simple flash distillation operation.Flow process is also uncomplicated, but control is difficult to stablize in actually operating, and fluctuation is big, is subject to disturb.It is to evaporate back phlegma band alkali and the serious impact biochemical treatment apparatus that this stage mainly shows, and causes the waste of process water and the increase of material consumption again owing to this strand phlegma can not get recycling.This problem is again because saponification waste lye instability of flow of the easy fouling of flash distillation and saponification waste lye charging in saponification waste lye vaporizer 5 causes, therefore, increased a saponification waste lye surge tank 1, by 4 feedings of saponification waste lye fresh feed pump, to stablize the saponification waste lye charging, lower cover at saponification waste lye vaporizer 5 has increased a coil pipe sparger again, feeds in the saponification waste lye vaporizer 5 as carrier gas with nitrogen, avoids saponification waste lye fouling in evaporative process.By above-mentioned two measures, stablized the saponification waste lye evaporation technology, eliminated evaporation back phlegma band alkali phenomenon, but total concentration admittedly of saponification waste lye is not improved.
Fig. 1 is among former saponification waste lye evaporation technology schematic flow sheet Fig. 1: 1-saponification waste lye surge tank 2-flash steam condenser
3-condensation liquid bath 4-saponification waste lye fresh feed pump
5-saponification waste lye vaporizer 6-separator
7-condenser 8-condensate storage
9-concentrates after saponification waste lye discharging pump 10-carrier gas line
11-goes incinerator conduit line map 2 among evaporating, concentrating and drying waste saponifying alkali solution process flow diagram Fig. 2 of the present invention: 1-saponification waste lye topping-up pump 2-saponification waste lye preheater
3-nitrogen preheater 4,5-atomizing nozzle
6-spraying vacuum drying device 7-condenser
8-water cooler 9-condensate storage
The 10-vacuum extracts device 11,12-high pressure steam line
13-saponification salkali waste solid material
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of evaporating, concentrating and drying waste saponifying alkali solution.
Easily form the material of fouling at heating wall, when the main cause of its fouling is the solution evaporation It is overheated to be subjected to, or forms crystallization at heating wall gasification core place. By Thermal Analysis as can be known, exist When forming the nucleus of boiling on the general heating wall, wall is wanted overheated 3-5 ℃, and hence one can see that, solution The reason that has crystal to separate out during evaporation is the boiling vaporization owing to solution on the wall, at nucleus of boiling place Solution concentration improves suddenly, thereby crystallize out, and the crystal accumulation just forms fouling. Saponification waste lye is total The solid content height, easily fouling in evaporation process hinders heat transfer effect, causes heat exchange inhomogeneous. Logical Cross to the analysis of experiments of saponification waste lye as can be known, the evaporation of short of moisture, saponification waste lye is changing Less scaling in the hot device, and by experiment the proof, the saponification waste lye of 45%wt in the time of 1.0 ℃ also Non-crystallizable, just viscosity strengthens, and therefore, can conduct heat by forced turbulent under the supercharging, with the saponification salkali waste Liquid is heated into superheated liquid, sprays in the vacuum spray drying device by the air-flowing type sprayer then, very Under the dummy status, the moment flash distillation is with the moisture evaporate to dryness. Because spray-drying speed is fast, drying time is short, Generally only be 5-30s, and can directly obtain dry products, thereby can economize devaporation separation etc. Operation also can be continuously, automated production, stable operation, and operating environment is also better.
To (always admittedly be 25%wt~45%wt) with changing through the saponification waste lye of separator among Fig. 16 Saponification waste lye booster pump 1 after advancing is pressurized to that to send into saponification waste lye behind 2.0Mpa~2.5Mpa pre-In the hot device 2 with 3.0Mpa~4.0Mpa high pressure steam heating to 120 ℃~150 ℃, then with process Enter together mist with the 2.0Mpa of high pressure steam heating to 120 ℃~150 ℃~3.0Mpa high pressure nitrogen Change nozzle 4 and 5, atomized drop is controlled at 10 μ m~60 μ m, and is fast in spraying vacuum drying device 6 Speed flash steams, and the steam of flash distillation enters condensation in condenser 7, the cooler 8 by the top, and recycle-water can return Receive to utilize, fixed gas enters vacuum and extracts in the device 10 and vacuumize, and the General Proper reciprocal of duty cycle is-80Kpa~-90Kpa. In spraying vacuum drying device 6, can be changed into solid behind a large amount of evaporates to dryness of saponification waste lye moisture, Also can be by a control flash distillation amount simmer down to liquid, this will come according to the processing method of saponification waste lye Fixed, in general, adopt the chemical neutralization method saponification waste lye can be dried to solid particle, and adopt Burning rule should keep liquid.
The purpose of atomizer is by the atomizing of high pressure nitrogen spent lye to be sprayed into the very little drop of particle, is generally 10 μ m~60 μ m, provides very big evaporation surface, every m3The surface area that solution has is 100m2~600m
2, be beneficial to reach quick-drying purpose. Be conducive to spent lye Middle sodium salt separates with moisture, and the big I of drop is according to size and the needs of saponification waste lye flow The drying effect that reaches decides, can be for subsequent use with the spraynozzle of different size, and adopt hot nitrogen to do Be atomization gas, can be used as again hot carrier gas stream after making nitrogen in entering spray dryer steam is taken away. The spraying vacuum drying device should be beneficial to the timely evaporation of moisture, also is that vacuum is wanted height, is beneficial to again dried The sedimentation of the salkali waste particle after dry is because the extensive use of spraying vacuum drying technology and food, doctor During medicine, dyestuff etc. are produced, be comparatively ripe technology, so design selection is comparatively convenient. If Spent lye is dried to solid particle, also will considers to set up cyclone separator, increase feed bin and spiral transferring Send the solid transportation equipment such as machine.
Good effect of the present invention is:
If saponification waste lye is condensed into solid particle, will more be conducive to adopt chemical neutralization method place Manage this strand waste liquid, because this will reduce by 40%~50% sulfuric acid consumption, two of chemical neutralization method generation The amount of inferior waste water also will reduce 40%~50%, thus the real saponification waste lye of thoroughly processing. And if The employing burning method is processed, because the moisture in the saponification waste lye has reduced, also will greatly reduce fuel oil Consumption.
Embodiment 1:
To always for being pressurized to send in the saponification waste lye preheater 2 behind the 2.0Mpa with the saponification waste lye topping-up pump 1 after improving, the 25%wt saponification waste lye be heated to 150 ℃ admittedly with the 4.0Mpa high pressure steam, then with entering atomizing nozzle 4 and 5 through being heated to 150 ℃ 2.0Mpa high pressure chlorine with high pressure steam, atomizing droplet is controlled at 20 μ m, flash distillation rapidly in spraying vacuum drying device 6, the steam of flash distillation enters condenser 7 by the top, condensation in the water cooler 8, the recyclable utilization of recycle-water, non-condensable gas enters vacuum and extracts in the device 10 and vacuumize, and vacuum tightness is-90Kpa.In spraying vacuum drying device 6, can be changed into solid behind a large amount of evaporates to dryness of saponification waste lye moisture.
Embodiment 2:
Press of the saponification waste lye charging of the technology of embodiment 1 with 35%wt, be pressurized to 2.0Mpa, after being heated to 135 ℃, pressure with about 135 ℃ is that the high pressure nitrogen of 2.0Mpa enters atomizing nozzle, in vacuum tightness be-85Kpa about, when atomizing droplet is controlled at 40 μ m, in spraying vacuum drying device 6, can be changed into solid behind a large amount of evaporates to dryness of saponification waste lye moisture.
Embodiment 3:
Press of the saponification waste lye charging of the technology of embodiment 1 with 45%wt, be pressurized to 2.0Mpa, after being heated to 120 ℃, pressure with about 120 ℃ is that the high pressure nitrogen of 2.0Mpa enters atomizing nozzle, in vacuum tightness be-80Kpa about, when atomizing droplet is controlled at 60 μ m, in spraying vacuum drying device 6, can be changed into solid behind a large amount of evaporates to dryness of saponification waste lye moisture.