CN1292352A

CN1292352A - Environemnt-protecting energy-saving light oil transferring method

Info

Publication number: CN1292352A
Application number: CN 00113789
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桑建堂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-04-21
Filing date: 2000-04-21
Publication date: 2001-04-25

Abstract

The main technique of said invention is mainly characterized by that its dynamic equipments and static equipment are changed into closed equipments, between them the return-air balancing pipe is set, so that the oil stored in the dynamic equipment (or static equipment) can be conveyed into static equipment, its evaporation loss is less, it is necessary equipment for remaking old oil depot, and can protect environment, save energy, and is safe and small in investment.

Description

A kind of lightweight oil of environmental protection and energy saving is had bad luck method

Though our energy is abundanter, occupy an important position in the whole world, energy situation is sternly completed always for a long time, and from now on the reasonable time in the energy be one of key factor of restriction China economic development all the time.Can the Strategy for economic development target that central authorities formulate realize, depends on the quality that energy problem solves to a great extent.This be because: 1. China is developing socialist state, has a large population, and has a poor foundation, and the basis is poor, and energy total amount is many, but the occupancy volume per person is very not enough.2. the energy dissipation of China is serious, belongs to energy consumption big country.3. the energy long run supply shortage, especially electric power and the petroleum products wretched insufficiency of China have influence on development and national economy, bring many inconvenience to people's lives, 4,000 ten thousand tons of whole nation oil starvations account for 20% of oil total requirement, and productive capacity can not play a role because of energy shortage.

For solving energy problem, according to the strength of current country, reality is exactly energy savings energetically the most.Basic principle in from now on one reasonable time will be implemented " exploitation with save " and lay equal stress on the principle of " current based on saving ".

Yet, the thing of some contradiction often in the real life, for example national standard " light fuel oil delivery truck engineering factor " GB9419-88 promptly is an example, its requires: oil tank should be established hand-hole and clean-out cover, should establish porthole and connection for bbreather pipe on the clean-out cover.Tank bottom should be provided with bottom fuel filler pipe and deposit chamber ... the oil mass that oil tank is remaining is not more than 1% of rated capacity.These imperfections and not rigorous requirement bring adverse effect for the manufacturing of oil tank automobile, also bring disaster to petroleum industry and allow gasoline to have bad luck loss 0.9%.Though numeral is little relatively, absolute number is not a decimal, and the oil delivery truck of one 8 cubic meter once promptly loses about about 6～10 kilograms, the whole nation is equaled nearly 1,000,000 tons of gasoline run away.We are developing countries, need a large amount of energy, how to allow it run away and not pained?

Look at the accumulating situation of oil product again: oil product is in storage and transport process, and the most frequently used vehicle are oil delivery truck.Many oil products are from refinery's oil depot to oil delivery truck or tank car, from oil delivery truck to provinces and cities' oil depot, so far, provinces and cities' oil depot or oil product transfer point go out emptying, the most frequently used attaching parts is flexible pipe or hard tube that can be movable or claims oil filling riser.Oil filling riser inserts the oil tank charge of oil, a large amount of oil gas is arranged simultaneously from the oil tank exhaust to atmosphere.Someone carried out test for the gasoline container of one 3 kilostere, and in summer, once big breathing will be lost 28 tons of gasoline, and loss rate reaches 1.31%.3820m3 arch-roof tank of the U.S., year turnover 12 times, 112 tons of boil-off losies on average once with a toll of 0.335%, change inner floating roof into, and reducing the loss reaches 85%, and 95 tons of annual saving still have 17 tons of losses.Therefore, because oil evaporation causes atmospheric contamination, some countries stipulate that the oil product that the oil product vapour pressure surpasses certain limit must adopt floating roof tank or natural gas gathering system is installed.Yet, oil delivery truck, tank car (hereinafter with the two general designation tank car) these ellipses and bulge can not make floating top container into, load and transport on the way in length to have big breathing loss and atmospheric contamination in the gasoline process equally.Beijing designing institute of China Petrochemical Corporation design-calculated is applicable to that the outer big oil filling riser of hydraulic pressure of the airtight immersion of DN200 of light oil entrucking does not lose its advance.Though it has five big advantages, still, only consider that entrucking is not enough, to basic automobile (containing motor bike) user, few person will have bad luck three times gasoline from factory, and many persons will have bad luck five or six times, unload and how to consider.Because process is many, link is many, also has now many technical matterss not to be resolved, and causes the loss of the energy and the still general just existence of pollution of environment.Uncultivated production and unclean transportation are still being proceeded.

The transportation of oil is a great system engineering, and it relates to national standard department, communications and transportation, and departments such as industrial and mining enterprises have only everybody to take charge in unison and jointly administrate, and could run thing well.The spirit of " promptly technological change is accelerated scientific and technical innovation, seizes the opportunity, and pioneers and keeps forging ahead " is the guiding theory that we work, and it not only is suitable for transform outmoded enterprises, and is suitable equally to the process of the having bad luck transformation of lightweight oil.To the process of having bad luck of lightweight oil, need from the system engineering viewpoint, following comprehensive system improvement program is proposed, have bad luck loss and environmental pollution problems to solve clean cargo.

The protection environment, oil gas reclaims, and saving can be former, and in people's imagination must be increases by a big complete equipment, just can achieve the goal as long as existing technology, equipment are done change slightly in fact.Technology, equipment change simultaneously, and the departments of science and technology and enterprise participate in simultaneously, and the government function supervisory management zone changes policy, and purpose one reaches surely.

One. the technological process scheme

(movable equipments such as tank car, oil tanker) quiet (gasoline tank etc. the are movable equipment not) equipment that will move transforms Sealing Arrangement into, one return-air (balance) pipe is set between Sealing Arrangement, dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement space air pressure is equated, by potential difference or pump will move within (or quiet) equipment liquid by the delivery conduit delivery within quiet (or moving) Sealing Arrangement, reclaim because liquid imports simultaneously and by return-air (balance) pipe, the space reduces and the gas phase oil plant of discharging.Promptly protected environment, reduced energy consumption again, killed two birds with one stone.Return-air between the dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement (balance) pipe, fluid delivery conduit are realized the quick connection of dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement by gladhand.Gladhand is generally adorned cloudy valve.Moving equipment is generally adorned positive valve, static equipment dress permanent joint or positive valve.Multi-functional nozzle is a kind of gladhand of custom design.It has solved the potential danger that is mixed with air the oil gas from the source, stifled having cut off mixes the root problem that air forms explosion hazard gases in the oil gas.Can reach by following concrete scheme and to give the phase purpose:

(1). refinery lightweight oil transfer point:

See Fig. 1: (a-train transfer point b-carborne station, hereinafter be generally called transfer point), at transfer point (1,2) and set up a balance muffler (4) between the covered floating roof tank (3), balance muffler (4) end connection hose quick coupling (5), before the charge of oil, (5) are connected with the corresponding breathing interface (7) of tank car (6).The oil filling riser end connection hose quick coupling (8) of transfer point (1,2), (8) also connect with the corresponding oil-feed interface (9) of tank car (6).During charge of oil, the oil in the covered floating roof tank (3) is filled to tank car (6) by oil pump (11) with oil by transport pipe (10).Because of tank car (6) does not communicate with atmosphere with covered floating roof tank (3) total interface, the interior oil gas of tank car (6) is got back to covered floating roof tank (3) by gas revolute balance pipe (4), and balance internal pressure and part are condensing to be gasoline.No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.Because during initial launch, interior the gas of tank car (6) is not oil gas entirely, this gas is got back in the covered floating roof tank (3), can be under pressure whole condensing be gasoline, noncondensable gas must be discharged.Noncondensable gas is discharged and is discharged into torch (13) then by oil wash oil sealing jar (12).

(2). provinces and cities' oil depot lightweight oil transfer point:

See Fig. 2 left side: (a-train unloading Stations b-automobile unloading Stations, hereinafter be generally called unloading Stations), in unloading Stations (21,22) and set up a balance air inlet pipe (24) between the covered floating roof tank (23), balance air inlet pipe (24) end connection hose quick coupling (25) couples together (25) during emptying with the corresponding breathing interface (27) of tank car (26).The oil filling riser end connection hose quick coupling (28) of unloading Stations (21,22), (28) couple together with the corresponding oil out port (29) of tank car (26).During emptying the oil in the tank car (26) is filled to covered floating roof tank (23) by oil pump (211) with oil by transport pipe (210); Because of tank car (26) does not communicate with atmosphere with covered floating roof tank (23) total interface, the interior gas of covered floating roof tank (23) is got back to tank car (26) balance internal pressure by gas revolute balance pipe (24).No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.No air admission tank car (26) improves degree of safety greatly.

See Fig. 2 right side: (carborne station, hereinafter be generally called transfer point), between transfer point (32) and covered floating roof tank (23), set up a balance muffler (34), balance muffler (34) end connection hose quick coupling (35), before the charge of oil, (35) are coupled together with the corresponding breathing interface (37) of tank car (36).The oil filling riser end connection hose quick coupling (38) of transfer point (32), (38) couple together with the corresponding oil-feed interface (39) of tank car (36).During charge of oil, the oil in the covered floating roof tank (23) is filled to tank car (36) by oil pump (311) with oil by transport pipe (310); Because of tank car (36) does not communicate with atmosphere with covered floating roof tank (23) total interface, the interior gas of tank car (36) gets back to by gas revolute balance pipe (34) that covered floating roof tank (23) balance internal pressure and part are condensing to be gasoline.No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.

(3). town and country lightweight oil petrol service station:

See Fig. 3 left side: (oil is irritated the automobile emptying, hereinafter truck tanker is unloaded in common name) set up a balance air inlet pipe (43) between truck tanker (41) and the petrol storage tank (42) unloading, balance air inlet pipe (43) end connection hose quick coupling (44), before the emptying, (44) are coupled together with the corresponding breathing interface (45) of tank car (41).The gladhand (46) of petrol storage tank (42) couples together with the corresponding oil out port (47) of tank car (41).Because of tank car (41) and petrol storage tank (42) are in air-tight state, oil in the tank car (41) is filled to petrol storage tank (42) by potential difference with oil by gladhand (46) transport pipe (48), meanwhile, the interior gas of petrol storage tank (42) is got back to tank car (41) balance internal pressure by gas revolute balance pipe (43) gladhand (44).No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.No air admission tank car (41) improves degree of safety greatly.See Fig. 3 right side: (the automobile fuel filler metering display hereinafter is generally called metering device) metering device (50) connects with the corresponding oil-feed interface of multi-functional nozzle (54) (51).Between metering device (50) and petrol storage tank (42), set up a balance muffler (53), the multi-functional nozzle of balance muffler (53) end connection hose (52) (54), multi-functional nozzle (54) is gone up charge of oil plug (55), during charge of oil plug cock (55) is docked with the reservoir port (57) of automotive oil tank (56).Oil in the petrol storage tank (42) is by transport pipe (58)) the multi-functional nozzle of oil pump (59) (54) is filled to automotive oil tank (56) with oil.Because of automotive oil tank (56) and petrol storage tank (42) are in air-tight state, the interior oil gas of automotive oil tank (56) is got back to petrol storage tank (42) balance internal pressure by flexible pipe (52) gas revolute balance pipe (53); No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.No air admission petrol storage tank (42) improves degree of safety greatly.

Two. the reform scheme of dynamic and static equipment, instrument and instrument:

1. tank car: existing tank car is opened clean-out cover when can gasoline, and conduit is inserted tank car, and oil enters in the jar along conduit, and oil gas is discharged by hand-hole, and liquid level is observed by hand-hole.It is unsuitable for not having the requirement of exhaust of oil loss, and for reaching the requirement of no exhaust of oil loss, existing tank car must be transformed.The oil tank transformation of oil delivery truck: (see figure 4) clean-out cover (61) is the main object of tank car transformation.On clean-out cover (61), open four mouth a b c1 c2, the position of four mouths press clean-out cover (61) to view, feed pipe (62) is installed, return-air (balance) pipe (63), space material two position meter (64) (65) respectively.Feed pipe (62) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 66), and return-air (balance) pipe (63) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 67).Space material two position meter (64) (65) is seen figure six with being connected of clean-out cover (61).

2. the oil tank transformation of oil tank train: the oil in the oil tank belongs to dangerous material, does not allow to scatter on the roadbed rail, therefore, tank bottom does not have unloading port, if the true zero discharge mouth of tank bottom, oil can only be extracted out from oil inlet, then needs to be installed into discharge nozzle on clean-out cover (71).(see figure 5) clean-out cover (71) is the main object of tank car transformation.On clean-out cover (71), open four mouth a b c1 c2, the position of four mouths press clean-out cover (71) to view, be installed into discharge nozzle (72) respectively, return-air (balance) pipe (73), space material two position meter (74) (75).Feed and exhaust tube (72) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 76), and return-air (balance) pipe (73) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 77).Feed and exhaust tube (72) is shaped as L shaped.Promptly weld a transverse tube (78) in feed and exhaust tube (72) bottom, transverse tube (78) bottom surface has elongated slot (79), and two ends are welded with shrouding (80).Space material two position meter (74) (75) is seen figure six with being connected of clean-out cover (71).

3. space material liquidometer: (see figure 6) part (80) is that the isolation that has the hole shows the liquid bottle at the end, and the hole lead to return-air (balance) manages (81) and catheter pressure (82).Pressure detection box (83) is arranged (82).Have on the space material bottle liquid level character display tube (84) and with joint (85) bonded assembly screw thread.Joint has screw thread in (85), on take over control protecting pipe (86), connect down to isolate and show liquid bottle (80), outer and clean-out cover (89) connects airtight.Gasket ring (87) is used for regulating the replacing oneself height because of cover plate (89) thickness differs.Circular nut (88) is by protect pipe (86), and gasket ring (87) connects airtight joint (85) and clean-out cover (89).Liquid level character display tube (84), it is suitable for reading to connect the space material bottle down, is in the protect pipe (86), shows the lifting of liquid level.Lid (90) is arranged, the safety of protecting liquid level character display tube (84) on the protect pipe (86); Under joint (85), play bolt, by circular nut (88) whole isolated liquid liquidometer is fixed on the clean-out cover (89).Resin bonding is all adopted in being connected between catheter pressure (82) and (83) and (80) and (81) (82) (84) (85).

4. the installation site of high liquidometer: the installation site of high liquidometer should be able to measure the highest liquid level, and can safe operation under the highest liquid level, surpasses this limit, because solar radiation, tank body temperature build-up, oil product are heated to splash and rise and excessive or tank body becomes to be subjected to big stress, and these all are unallowed.Liquid level is determined by calculating to the sagitta of tank deck.It is directly proportional with the liquid rate of rising of splashing, and is directly proportional with the splash temperature difference that rises of liquid, is directly proportional with the liquid container diameter.

5. floater is or/and the transformation of wind drizzle petrol service station petrol storage tank static equipment: this kind equipment generally is to use equipment, and the internal memory material should not be got angry.Need to transform original pneumostome (inner floating roof negative pressure relief valve mouth) or drain into the gas revolute balance mouth, and cause loading-unload station, point.The making of pipeline should on-the-spotly be surveyed and drawn, and the scene left makes in the safety zone, is transported to on-site installation after making.Adapter on the floater inner floating roof should be adopted flexible pipe, flexible pipe with fixedly being connected between the hard tube should adopt universal pipe joint, resin bonding is all adopted in being connected between connection between the tube and tube and floating top and the adaptor union, must not get angry.

6. the equalizing pipe between the dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement, liquid delivery tube are realized the quick connection of dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement by gladhand.The flexible pipe of gladhand is generally adorned cloudy valve.Generally adorn positive valve on the dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement, the pipeline dress permanent joint that links to each other with quiet Sealing Arrangement.(the pipe quick coupling number of applying for a patent 00 2 26222.3).

7. multi-functional nozzle: at present the nozzle that uses simple in structure, performance is single, far can not satisfy many requirements such as environmental protection and energy saving, must improve.Nozzle is transformed: (seeing Fig. 7 and Fig. 3) hole (57) of leakproof fuel cell (56) in order to refuel, needing to go up at nozzle (54) increases software lid (/ plug) (55).Go up parallel feed pipe (92), the muffler (93) installed at software lid (/ plug) (55); For perception liquid level height, need to increase perception liquid level meter---floating drum (94).Floating drum (94) is installed in the feed pipe (92).Feed pipe (92) is gone up mounting pipe joint (95), and muffler (93) is gone up mounting pipe joint (96), connects rubber tube (51) (52) respectively.During oiling, software lid (/ plug) (55) is pressed on the hole (57) of fuel tank (56), and fuel tank (56) is not communicated with atmosphere with petrol storage tank (42) total interface.Oil in the petrol storage tank (42) is filled to fuel tank (56) by oil pump (59) rubber tube (51) with oil by transport pipe (58); Meanwhile the gas in the fuel tank (56) enters petrol storage tank (42) by muffler (52) (53).When oily top off, floating drum (94) floats automatically, cuts off the oil supply oil circuit, and oil supply stops.Overall process is promptly with the gas in the displacement fuel tank of the oil in the petrol storage tank (42) (56), and no exhaust of oil loses, and reaches environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.The no air admission of petrol storage tank (42) can not form explosive miscellaneous gas, ensures safety in production.(more detail file are seen the multi-functional nozzle of AHJ type)

8. vault petrol storage tank: in the light oil tank or gasoline tank of refinery and town and country oil depot, except that floater, also have vault petrol storage tank (containing the vertex of a cone, non-moment top, steel mesh frame top).Their big breathing is as floater, and oil comes therefrom, and oil gas is just arranged to the there.Oil goes there, and oil gas just comes therefrom.Because the output of oil product, a large amount of oil gas (containing mixture gass such as nitrogen) will enter in the jar, because the variation of temperature, oil gas was breathed out when temperature raise, and air was inhaled into when temperature reduced, thereby caused the oil gas breathing loss.This loss is called little breathing loss.Little breathing loss accounts for about 15% of total loss.For little breathing loss, only need do a gas bag, couple together the pneumostome and the gas bag of breathing valve just passable.

9. gas bag: the design premises of gas bag is to think in a respiratory cycle, exhales with inhaling to equate.The volume of gas bag is directly proportional with the possible maximum space volume of all vault petrol storage tanks, exceeds the temperature sum with the tank wall temperature of local day maximum temperature difference and solar radiation vault petrol storage tank and is directly proportional, and pressure variation very I is ignored and do not remembered.The structure of gas bag can be designed to ground type or semi-underground type.Ground type gas bag pattern is various, is more common in the public place of entertainment, and makes the more suitable of semi-underground type as the gas bag that oil gas reclaims.Semi-underground type gas bag such as Fig. 8 are the fixing maximum expiration states of top container, and the gas bag diaphragm is all heaved.Gas bag is by forming with lower member: the semi-underground groove of concrete structure (101), gas bag diaphragm (102), hand-hole (103a 103b), sliding door (104), oil gas turnover pipe (105), gas bag locking ring (106), cable wire (107), gas bag draw ear (108), rubber pad (109a 109b), gas bag pressing plate (110), holding-down bolt (111), nut (112), pillar (113), weep drain (115), wind break wall (116) cypress of keeping out the wind.Before using air bag, the possible maximum space volume of all vault petrol storage tanks should be replaced with nitrogen or oil gas.Thoroughly remove the oxygen in the oil gas, no longer have air admission in the operation afterwards, guarantee safety and do not have the oil gas loss.Fig. 9 is fixing top container maximum inhale state, and the gas bag diaphragm all collapses flat recessed.

Three. technical scheme feature of the present invention is:

With multi-functional nozzle with air insulated outside fuel transfer system, reclaim and not contain air and comparatively pure oil gas in the automotive oil tank, thereby substitute storage tanker aspirated air and form the possibility of inflammable and explosive miscellaneous gas from atmosphere in storage tanker.After oil gas lost ignition promotor, the degree that had both made temperature reach the oil gas cracking can not burnt yet.Thereby production and transport process afterwards is safe and reliable.

2. add muffler with gladhand and transform gasoline storage, fortune equipment and technological process, make no air admission in equipment and the pipeline, the recovery of oil gas is to utilize gasoline to flow out and oil gas is included in the space vacateed in, do not need to install in addition and be equipped with, not only make things convenient for the discrepancy of gasoline but also make things convenient for going into out of oil gas, not only not had atmospheric contamination but also reclaimed can be former, the reduced investment high efficiency, neither need worry inflammable and explosive, be really safety reliable again.

3. fixed-roof oil tank is with the output of lightweight oil in petrol storage tank, and the space increases, because the radiation temperature Change of the sun, breathing loss increases, this has completely cut off the oil tank of air, forms inflammable and explosive miscellaneous gas because breathing enters air again, and this is breakneck.In order to solve this difficult problem, not with the unsteady gas holder of usual coal gas steel, but adopt ground or half gas bag on the ground.Gas bag version is versatile and flexible, takes up an area of unrestrictedly, saves steel, and processing and manufacturing is easy, low cost of manufacture; Because no air (oxygen) exists in the gas bag, setting height(from bottom) is low, does not worry the lightning thunderbolt, and is safe and reliable; Gas bag expanded and heaves when fixed-roof oil tank was exhaled, and gas bag collapsed flat recessedly when fixed-roof oil tank was air-breathing, satisfied operating needs.

Four. use:

The present invention is applicable to the gasoline filling station of refinery, town and country oil depot transfer point, city gas station and various industries environmental protection is had requirement, reduce energy consumption, inflammable, explosive, poisonous, harmful this class material have bad luck filling station, point.

Five. economic benefit and social benefit:

1. gasoline will be had bad luck 3～4 times from the factory to user at least, and promptly refinery's finished oil is to tank car, and tank car is to provinces and cities' oil depot, and provinces and cities' oil depot is to transportation tank, and transportation tank is to the urban district petrol service station, and the urban district petrol service station is to the automobile and motorcycle user; The near petrol service station from the refinery, to provinces and cities' oil depot, and directly from refinery's product oil storage field to transportation tank, transportation tank is to the urban district petrol service station without tank car, and the urban district petrol service station will be had bad luck 3 times at least to the automobile and motorcycle user.Loss rate adds up to 2.7%～3.6%, is 1.7 hundred million tons by national oil product working ability, 90% be bunker oil, wherein gasoline accounts for about 65.4% of bunker oil, promptly produces about 10,000 ten thousand tons of gasoline, by this calculating, annual loss is failed to keep an appointment 270～3,600,000 tons.These environmental protection and energy saving technology is carried out in the whole nation, and reduced to about 270～3,600,000 tons of pollution on the environments of airborne release hydro-carbon every year.

2. these environmental protection and energy saving technology is carried out in the whole nation, and the oil gas 99% or more is recyclable, with every year recyclable oil gas reach 270～3,600,000 tons, by 2800 yuan of/ton calculating of existing market oil price, annual recyclable (or saving) fund reaches 75.6～100.8 hundred million yuan.To further alleviate China's energy scarcity state and promote development and national economy.

3. China's energy deficiency, according to petrochemical industry office recent statistics, the petroleum import amount broke through 4,000 ten thousand tons in 99 years, accounted for 20% of oil aggregate consumption, and the ratio that expert's prediction, Imported oil account for total quantity consumed will increase.After these environmental protection and energy saving technology is carried out in the whole nation, can reduce imported crude oil 270～3,600,000 ton every year, crude oil per ton is by 1400 yuan/ton, and the annual imported crude oil that reduces takes about 5,000,000,000 yuan.2,3 two totals, can create economic value (saving) every year is 15,000,000,000 yuan.

4. in whole gasoline production transportation and oil gas removal process, because the design and use of the multi-functional nozzle of AHJ type have solved the potential danger that is mixed with air the oil gas from the source, stifled having cut off mixes the root problem that air forms explosion hazard gases in the oil gas.Thereby remove a hidden danger, the transportation of China gasoline production is in more forever than safe condition, significantly reduce the danger of presence of fire.

5. the enforcement of this technology from big scope, will further form the industrial structure and the product structure with international competitiveness, drives industrial or agricultural and promotes mutually, participates in international competition.

Claims

1. the lightweight oil of environmental protection and energy saving is had bad luck method; refer in particular to inflammable, explosive, poisonous, harmful, highly volatile this class material; as gasoline, toluene, kerosene, solvent naphtha, light diesel, light crude etc., the involved environmental protection of having bad luck under atmospheric pressure state, can, mediation operation is with save can former and safety problem.It relates to technological process innovation and equipment innovation.Its feature: (movable equipments such as tank car, oil tanker) quiet (gasoline tank etc. the are movable equipment not) equipment that will move transforms Sealing Arrangement into, one return-air (balance) pipe is set between Sealing Arrangement, dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement space air pressure is equated, by potential difference or pump will move within (or quiet) equipment liquid by the delivery conduit delivery within quiet (or moving) Sealing Arrangement, reclaim because liquid imports simultaneously and by return-air (balance) pipe, the space reduces and the gas phase oil material of discharging.Promptly protected environment, reduced energy consumption again, killed two birds with one stone.Return-air between the dynamic and static Sealing Arrangement (balance) pipe, fluid delivery conduit are realized by gladhand (number of patent application 00 2 26222.3).Existing casehistory:

1.) refinery lightweight oil transfer point:

A: train transfer point b: carborne station, (hereinafter being generally called transfer point), at transfer point (1,2) and set up a balance muffler (4) between the covered floating roof tank (3), balance muffler (4) end connection hose quick coupling (5), before the charge of oil, (5) are connected with the corresponding breathing interface (7) of tank car (6).The oil filling riser end connection hose quick coupling (8) of transfer point (1,2), (8) also connect with the corresponding oil-feed interface (9) of tank car (6).During charge of oil, the oil in the covered floating roof tank (3) is filled to tank car (6) by oil pump (11) with oil by transport pipe (10).Because of tank car (6) does not communicate with atmosphere with covered floating roof tank (3) total interface, the interior oil gas of tank car (6) is got back to covered floating roof tank (3) by gas revolute balance pipe (4), and balance internal pressure and part are condensing to be gasoline.No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.Because interior the gas of tank car (6) is not oil gas entirely, this gas is got back in the covered floating roof tank (3), can be under pressure whole condensing be gasoline, noncondensable gas must be discharged.Noncondensable gas is discharged and is discharged into torch (13) then by oil wash oil sealing jar (12).

2.) provinces and cities' oil depot lightweight oil transfer point:

A: train unloading Stations b: automobile unloading Stations, (hereinafter being generally called unloading Stations), in unloading Stations (21,22) and set up a balance air inlet pipe (24) between the covered floating roof tank (23), balance air inlet pipe (24) end connection hose quick coupling (25) couples together (25) during emptying with the corresponding breathing interface (27) of tank car (26).The oil filling riser end connection hose quick coupling (28) of unloading Stations (21,22), (28) couple together with the corresponding oil out port (29) of tank car (26).During emptying the oil in the tank car (26) is filled to covered floating roof tank (23) by oil pump (211) with oil by transport pipe (210); Because of tank car (26) does not communicate with atmosphere with covered floating roof tank (23) total interface, the interior gas of covered floating roof tank (23) is got back to tank car (26) balance internal pressure by gas revolute balance pipe (24).No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.No air admission tank car (26) improves degree of safety greatly.

The carborne station, (hereinafter being generally called transfer point), between transfer point (32) and covered floating roof tank (23), set up a balance muffler (34), balance muffler (34) end connection hose quick coupling (35), before the charge of oil, (35) are coupled together with the corresponding breathing interface (37) of tank car (36).The oil filling riser end connection hose quick coupling (38) of transfer point (32), (38) couple together with the corresponding oil-feed interface (39) of tank car (36).During charge of oil, the oil in the covered floating roof tank (23) is filled to tank car (36) by oil pump (311) with oil by transport pipe (310); Because of tank car (36) does not communicate with atmosphere with covered floating roof tank (23) total interface, the interior gas of tank car (36) gets back to by gas revolute balance pipe (34) that covered floating roof tank (23) balance internal pressure and part are condensing to be gasoline.No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.

3.) town and country lightweight oil petrol service station:

Oil is irritated the automobile emptying, (hereinafter common name unload truck tanker) sets up a balance air inlet pipe (43) unloading between truck tanker (41) and the petrol storage tank (42), balance air inlet pipe (43) end connection hose quick coupling (44), before the emptying, (44) are coupled together with the corresponding breathing interface (45) of tank car (41).The gladhand (46) of petrol storage tank (42) couples together with the corresponding oil out port (47) of tank car (41).Because of tank car (41) and petrol storage tank (42) are in air-tight state, oil in the tank car (41) is filled to petrol storage tank (42) by potential difference with oil by gladhand (46) transport pipe (48), meanwhile, the interior gas of petrol storage tank (42) is got back to tank car (41) balance internal pressure by gas revolute balance pipe (43) gladhand (44).No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.No air admission tank car (41) improves degree of safety greatly.Automobile fuel filler metering display (50), (hereinafter being generally called metering device) metering device (50) connects with the corresponding oil-feed interface of nozzle (54) (51).Between metering device (50) and petrol storage tank (42), set up a balance muffler (53), balance muffler (53) end connection hose (52) nozzle (54), nozzle (54) is gone up charge of oil plug (55), during charge of oil (55) is docked with the reservoir port (57) of automotive oil tank (56).Oil in the petrol storage tank (42) is by transport pipe (58)) oil pump (59) nozzle (54) is filled to automotive oil tank (56) with oil.Because of automotive oil tank (56) and petrol storage tank (42) are in air-tight state, the interior oil gas of automotive oil tank (56) is got back to petrol storage tank (42) balance internal pressure by flexible pipe (52) gas revolute balance pipe (53); No exhaust of oil loss, and reach environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.No air admission petrol storage tank (42) improves degree of safety greatly.

2. equipment reform and innovation scheme according to claim 1, its feature: the clean-out cover of oil delivery truck (61) is the main object of tank car transformation.On clean-out cover (61), open (not adorning the two position meter, minimum two mouth ab) four mouth a b c1 c2, feed pipe (62) is installed respectively, return-air (balance) pipe (63), space material two position meter (64) (65).Feed pipe (62) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 66), and return-air (balance) pipe (63) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 67).

3. equipment reform and innovation scheme according to claim 1, its feature: the interior oil of oil tank train belongs to dangerous material, does not allow to scatter on the roadbed rail, and therefore, oil can only be extracted out from oil inlet, then needs to be installed into discharge nozzle on clean-out cover (71).On clean-out cover (71), open (not adorning the two position meter, minimum two mouth a b) four mouth a b c1 c2, be installed into discharge nozzle (72) respectively, return-air (balance) pipe (73), space material two position meter (74) (75).Feed and exhaust tube (72) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 76), and return-air (balance) pipe (73) is gone up mounting pipe joint (positive valve 77).Feed and exhaust tube (72) is shaped as L shaped.Promptly weld a transverse tube (78) in feed and exhaust tube (72) bottom, transverse tube (78) bottom surface has elongated slot (79), and two ends are welded with shrouding (80).

4. equipment reform and innovation scheme according to claim 1, petrol storage tank (42) is a ground tank, for observing pasta situation of change in the ground tank, do not open metered fuel orifice, need dress observable space material liquidometer on the ground, its feature: part (80) is that the isolation that has the hole shows the liquid bottle at the end, and the hole leads to return-air (balance) pipe (81) and catheter pressure (82).Pressure detection box (83) is arranged (82).Have on the space material bottle liquid level character display tube (84) and with joint (85) bonded assembly screw thread.Joint has screw thread in (85), on take over control protecting pipe (86), connect down to isolate and show liquid bottle (80), outer and clean-out cover (89) connects airtight.Gasket ring (87) is used for regulating the replacing oneself height because of cover plate (89) thickness differs.Circular nut (88) is by protect pipe (86), and gasket ring (87) connects airtight joint (85) and clean-out cover (89).Liquid level character display tube (84), it is suitable for reading to connect the space material bottle down, is in the protect pipe (86), shows the lifting of liquid level.Lid (90) is arranged, the safety of protecting liquid level character display tube (84) on the protect pipe (86); Under joint (85), play bolt, by circular nut (88) whole isolated liquid liquidometer is fixed on the clean-out cover (89).Resin bonding is all adopted in being connected between catheter pressure (82) and (83) and (80) and (81) (82) (84) (85).

5. equipment according to claim 1 reform and innovation scheme, multi-functional nozzle are that the town and country petrol service station can be finished environmental protection and save can be former and one of the key equipment of safety problem, and it is characterized in that: going up at nozzle (54) increases software lid (55).Go up parallel feed pipe (92), the muffler (93) installed at software lid (55); For perception liquid level height, need to increase perception liquid level meter---floating drum (94).Floating drum (94) is installed in the feed pipe (92).Feed pipe (92) is gone up mounting pipe joint (95), and muffler (93) is gone up mounting pipe joint (96), connects rubber tube (51) (52) respectively.During oiling, software lid (55) is pressed on the hole (57) of fuel tank (56), and fuel tank (56) is not communicated with atmosphere with petrol storage tank (42) total interface.Oil in the petrol storage tank (42) is filled to fuel tank (56) by oil pump (59) rubber tube (51) with oil by transport pipe (58); Meanwhile the gas in the fuel tank (56) enters petrol storage tank (42) by muffler (52) (53).When oily top off, floating drum (94) floats automatically, cuts off the oil supply oil circuit, and oil supply stops.Overall process is promptly with the gas in the displacement fuel tank of the oil in the petrol storage tank (42) (56), and no exhaust of oil loses, and reaches environmental demands.Oil gas is reclaimed, and reaches energy-conservation purpose.The no air admission of petrol storage tank (42) can not form explosive miscellaneous gas, ensures safety in production.

6. equipment reform and innovation scheme according to claim 1 (contains the vertex of a cone, non-moment top, steel mesh frame top) in the light oil tank or gasoline tank of refinery and town and country oil depot.Their big breathing is as floater, and oil comes therefrom, and oil gas is just arranged to the there.Because the output of oil product, a large amount of oil gas (containing mixture gass such as nitrogen) will enter in the jar, because the variation of temperature, oil gas was breathed out when temperature raise, and air was inhaled into when temperature reduced, thereby caused the oil gas breathing loss.This loss is called little breathing loss.Little breathing loss accounts for about 15% of total loss.Have multiplely for the way that solves little breathing loss, as the gas holder of common employing, and this programme adopts the most inexpensive, the safest, the most practical gas bag.The structure of gas bag can be designed to ground type or semi-underground type.Ground type gas bag pattern is various, is more common in the public place of entertainment, and makes the more suitable of semi-underground type as the gas bag that oil gas reclaims.The semi-underground type gas bag is characterized in that: the semi-underground groove of concrete structure (101), its first half is gas bag diaphragm (102), hand-hole (103a 103b), sliding door (104), oil gas turnover pipe (105) is located on the wall of semi-underground groove (101), gas bag locking ring (106) is embedded in the cement concrete, cable wire (107) draws ear (108) and locking ring (106) that underground tank (101) and gas bag diaphragm (102) are connected together by gas bag, rubber pad (109a 109b), gas bag pressing plate (110), holding-down bolt (111), nut (112) meets connecing of underground tank (101) and gas bag diaphragm (102) airtight, and pillar (113) prevents that gas bag diaphragm (102) from collapsing and flatly is punctured when recessed.Weep drain (115), wind break wall (116) cypress of keeping out the wind is attached protective equipment.