New slowly-releasing is put anti-mildew fresh-keeping method and device
The present invention relates to the anti-mildew fresh-keeping method and the device of article, more specifically, relate to a kind of slowly-releasing that is particularly useful for food and put anti-mildew fresh-keeping method and device.
The fresh-keeping health problem that involves huge numbers of families of food.Existing food fresh-keeping method, generally take in food, to add anti-mould fresh keeping agent, herbal sprinkling, coating fresh-keeping, refrigerate, vacuumize means such as preservation.Yet these methods all have various shortcoming.
For for directly adding mildew-resistant (anticorrosion) antistaling agent in the food and carrying out herbal sprinkling, the kind of common operational chemical agent is limited and cost is higher.And the long-term edible food that contains mildew-resistant/anti fouling composition hinders the healthy of people.
For apply fresh-keeping for, complex steps but also need specific equipment not only, thereby cost is higher.
For refrigeration, vacuumizing, need expensive equipment, thereby cost is very high.In addition, refrigerating, vacuumizing also needs to expend a large amount of energy.
In addition, the effect of above-mentioned existing anti-mildew fresh-keeping method is very unexcellent, especially is difficult to satisfactory on the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect of vegetables and fruit (for example lichee, grape etc.) all the time.Such as, vacuum packaging can cause dehydration, should not be used for the packaging fresh vegetables.
Therefore, this area presses for low, easy and simple to handle, the anti-mildew fresh-keeping technology efficiently for a long time of the new cost of exploitation.
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of new with low cost, easy and simple to handle and/or actv. anti-mildew fresh-keeping apparatus and method in a long time.
In one aspect of the invention, provide a kind of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device, it comprises:
But theca externa, this theca externa can see through gas not see through liquid and ion;
Constitute the medicament placed cavity by theca externa, this medicament placed cavity has sealing end;
Absorbing material, this absorbing material is arranged in the medicament placed cavity;
Be arranged in the anti-mould fresh keeping agent of medicament placed cavity, this anti-mould fresh keeping agent can discharge the gas of anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect under there is situation in moisture.
In another aspect of this invention, provide a kind of anti-mildew fresh-keeping method, it comprises step:
The container that provides splendid attire to treat fresh-keeping article,
Place in this container and treat fresh-keeping article and preservation device, wherein this preservation device has:
Theca externa, but this theca externa can optionally see through gas not see through liquid and ion;
Constitute the medicament placed cavity by theca externa, this medicament placed cavity has sealing end, and this sealing end is closed;
Layers of absorbent material, this absorbing material is arranged in the medicament placed cavity;
Be arranged in the anti-mould fresh keeping agent of medicament placed cavity, this anti-mould fresh keeping agent can discharge the gas of anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect under there is situation in moisture.
The present invention studies for many years through the inventor, and has made full use of the ventilative of theca externa but finish after the characteristic of impenetrable liquid and ion.Particularly, the inventor finds after deliberation, has many materials (especially plastic material, as polyethylene, silicone rubber membrane etc.) to have ventilative but do not see through liquid or ion.Utilize this characteristic, designed and developed out anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention.
The working mechanism of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention is: when this device with treat that fresh-keeping article (as food, vegetables or fruit) are when putting together, absorbing material in the medicament placed cavity can absorb the outside moisture that is discharged by fresh-keeping article (as vegetables or fruit) (for example fruit discharge because of breathing moisture), passes to the anti-mildew fresh-keeping medicament.After the medicament suction, discharge and kill mould fresh-keeping gas.The anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas molecule can see through theca externa, is released in the packing container (as the PE film package bag) that repertory is housed, and makes by fresh-keeping article to be in the atmosphere that contains sterilization fresh-keeping gas.Because the gas (anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas) that plays the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect is to see through theca externa to discharge, so discharges slowlyer, thus can be in a long time anti-mildew fresh-keeping effectively.
In addition, because the theca externa of apparatus of the present invention does not see through ion and liquid, therefore, anti-mould fresh keeping agent can not pollute by fresh-keeping article yet.When storage finished the back taking-up by fresh-keeping article, anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas can vapor away, and therefore also can not pollute by fresh-keeping article.
The invention has the advantages that, this anti-mildew fresh-keeping device simple in structure, easy to use and can be in a long time anti-mildew fresh-keeping effectively.In addition, anti-mildew fresh-keeping apparatus and method of the present invention do not expend the energy basically.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.It should be noted that these accompanying drawings only are illustrative scheme drawings, do not draw according to actual size or ratio fully.
Fig. 1 is the birds-eye view of a kind of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device shown in Figure 1 along the A-A line.
Fig. 3 is the releasing curve diagram of the anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A and 4B shown respectively with anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention to the lichee anti-mildew fresh-keeping after 8 days lichee and do not use the contrast lichee of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention preservation.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, anti-mildew fresh-keeping device 1 has theca externa 10, and this theca externa 10 can see through gas But do not see through liquid and ion. Theca externa 10 consists of a medicament placed cavity 20, these medicament placed cavity 20 tools Sealing end 60 is arranged. Absorbing material 40 is arranged in the medicament placed cavity. Anti-mould fresh keeping agent 50 also is positioned at medicament and places In the chamber 20, this anti-mould fresh keeping agent 50 exists in the situation at liquid such as moisture, can discharge anti-mildew fresh-keeping and do With gas. Before being used for anti-mildew fresh-keeping, sealing end 60 can be closed, can not be closed yet, with Just just absorbing material 40 and anti-mould fresh keeping agent 50 are placed medicament placed cavity 20 in use. But, When being used for anti-mildew fresh-keeping, sealing end 60 should be closed, and only sees through theca externa 10 to guarantee anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas Evaporate into outside the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device. The slow speed that is used for anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas permeation theca externa 10, because of This can discharge in a long time, thereby plays the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect.
In the present invention, anti-mould fresh keeping agent can be fixed on the layers of absorbent material, and perhaps anti-mould fresh keeping agent is by molten Being absorbed material layer behind solvent (such as water) absorbs again. Because there are feelings in this anti-mould fresh keeping agent at liquid such as moisture Under the condition, can discharge the gas of anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect. Therefore, even there is not in advance moisture in the medicament placed cavity, So when storage absorbing material also can absorb moisture in the surrounding environment (such as vegetables, fruit etc. because breathing or volatilization And the moisture that produces), and moisture passed to anti-mould fresh keeping agent. In another example of the present invention, the medicament placed cavity In can preferably contain in advance the moisture of some, thereby can be with anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention with wait to store up Hide and just produce anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas when article put together. For example, can prepare certain density anti-mould fresh keeping agent Solution, the absorbing material that will absorb then this solution of some places the medicament placed cavity, will seal then The sealing of mouth end.
Can be used for theca externa of the present invention can make with any material, as long as this material can see through gas not See through liquid and ion. Usually, theca externa can be made with plastic material. Preferably, theca externa is selected from lower group: Polyethylene film, polypropylene screen, ethylene/propene copolymer film, ethylene-ethyl acetate copolymer film, polystyrene, ABS film, polychloroethylene film, silicone rubber membrane, poly tetrafluoroethylene. More preferably, theca externa is selected from lower group: poly-Vinyl film, polypropylene screen, silicone rubber membrane and poly tetrafluoroethylene.
The gas permeability of theca externa depends on material, porosity and the thickness of theca externa usually. For selected adventitia Layer material, the technical staff of Material Field can be by control preparation technology and condition, with make certain thickness and The material of porosity, thus make theca externa have gas permeability.
In the present invention, the thickness of theca externa is generally 5 microns-2 millimeters, preferably is 10 microns-1 millimeter, More preferably being 20 microns-500 microns, is 30 microns-250 microns best.
The gas permeability of theca externa can be tested with conventional method, for example according to standard GB/T 1038-70 (" plastics technology standard complete works ", Zhejiang science tech publishing house, nineteen nineties) described method. The letter and Say it, the method is at a certain temperature, keeps certain gas differential pressure in the sample both sides, measures sample low pressure The gas pressure change of side, thus calculate air transmission coefficient and the Air permenbility of sample.
Generally speaking, the air penetrability to anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas of theca externa should be suitably. When to anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas When air penetrability was more high, anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas can volatilize away and play the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect quickly, but mildew-resistant is protected Effective anti-mildew fresh-keeping time of bright device can shorten. When more high to the air penetrability of anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas, mildew-resistant is protected Bright gas can volatilize away more lentamente and play the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect, thereby effective mildew-resistant of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device is protected Bright time lengthening. Usually, theca externa is 1-10000 milliliter/100 square English to the air penetrability of anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas Very little mil atmospheric pressure 24 hours (25 ℃) preferably is 10-5000 milliliter/100 square inch mil atmosphere Pressing 24 hours (25 ℃), more preferably is 20-1000 milliliter/100 square inch mil atmospheric pressure 24 hours (25 ℃), be 50-500 milliliter/100 square inch mil atmospheric pressure 24 hours (25 ℃) best.
Generally speaking, the air penetrability to steam of theca externa should be suitably. When more high to the air penetrability of steam, water Vapour can be inhaled into the medicament placed cavity quickly, thereby makes anti-mould fresh keeping agent discharge more quickly anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas Body. When more low to the air penetrability of anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas, steam can be inhaled into the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device more lentamente, Thereby make effective anti-mildew fresh-keeping time lengthening of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device. Usually, the steam of theca externa of the present invention sees through Rate is 0.05-100 gram mil/100 square inches 24 hours, preferably restrains mil/100 square for 0.1-50 In2 4 hours more preferably is 0.2-25 gram mil/100 square inches 24 hours, is 0.5-10 best Gram mil/100 square inches 24 hours.
It can be any under there is situation in moisture being used for anti-mould fresh keeping agent of the present invention, can discharge mildew-resistant and protect The antistaling agent of the gas of bright effect. For example can discharge SO2Or Cl2The antistaling agent of fresh-keeping gas. Representational Example comprises (but being not limited to): lay particular stress on sulphite, hypochlorite. Salt commonly used comprises (but being not limited to): Alkali metal salt, alkali salt, transition metal salt etc. Preferably, being used for antistaling agent of the present invention is selected from: partially Sodium bisulfite, potassium metabisulfite or its mixture; Clorox, postassium hypochlorite or its mixture.
The quantity that is contained in the anti-mould fresh keeping agent of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as mildew-resistant is protected The quantity of bright agent gets final product for the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effective dose. As used herein, " anti-mildew fresh-keeping effective dose " refers to mildew-resistant The quantity of antistaling agent can be so that there be anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas to be released out theca externa, and outside the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device Section treats in the anti-mildew fresh-keeping space and treats anti-mildew fresh-keeping in the time, and the anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas that discharges is in effectively Range. Should be understood that the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effective dose depends on various factors usually, for example the kind of anti-mould fresh keeping agent (in other words, theca externa is protected mildew-resistant for the material of class, the anti-mildew fresh-keeping gaseous species that discharges, theca externa and thickness The transmitance of bright gas and steam), treat anti-mildew fresh-keeping article, treat the space size of anti-mildew fresh-keeping and treat that mildew-resistant protects The bright time etc. By the test method of routine, those skilled in the art can determine anti-mould fresh keeping agent easily Anti-mildew fresh-keeping effective dose or concrete consumption. Usually, the anti-mould fresh keeping agent quantity in single anti-mildew fresh-keeping device Be the 0.1-1000 gram, preferably be the 0.2-100 gram, be best the 1-20 gram.
Can be used for absorbing material of the present invention and can be any can suction or the material of moisture absorption. In the present invention, The effect of absorbing material is to absorb the moisture that sees through theca externa and enter the medicament placed cavity, perhaps adsorbs in advance to add Moisture to the medicament placed cavity. Then, moisture is passed to and the contacted anti-mould fresh keeping agent of absorbing material, Make anti-mildew fresh-keeping discharge anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas. The example that can be used for absorbing material of the present invention comprises (but not to be limit In): filter paper, blotting paper, silica gel, sponge.
In the medicament placed cavity of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention, also can contain other nonessential components, for example Antioxidant, lipid, inert substance (such as calcium carbonate), alum etc. These nonessential components can further be carried The characteristics such as stability, non-oxidizability, gas permeability and/or slow release for anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention. For example Add lipid material and help anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas permeation theca externa.
In the present invention, as long as anti-mould fresh keeping agent and absorbing material are in together in the medicament placed cavity, and absorb material Material can get final product moisture transmission to anti-mould fresh keeping agent. For example, anti-mould fresh keeping agent can directly be fixed or be adsorbed On absorbing material, also can be separately located in the medicament placed cavity, and be in when work with absorbing material and to connect The state of touching. Anti-mould fresh keeping agent can directly not contact with absorbing material yet, and moisture be by for example be positioned at both it Between pervious bed be delivered to anti-mould fresh keeping agent.
Anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention has a sealing end 60. By this sealing end 60, can material will be absorbed Material and the anti-mould fresh keeping agent medicament placed cavity of packing into. In the finished product of making, this sealing end 60 can seal, Or untight. When sealing end 60 is sealing, should contains absorbing material and mildew-resistant in the medicament placed cavity and protect Bright agent also can contain an amount of moisture in order to produce more as soon as possible anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas. Sealing end 60 when finished product Also can be untight, sealing end should be sealed when reality is used by the user. For example, can be with absorbing material Be sub-packed in the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention with the anti-mould fresh keeping agent of big packing, and then sealing end is sealed. In one embodiment of the invention, seal but this sealing end is the thermoplastic gummed, be convenient to like this user in reality Just seal sealing end 60 during use.
Anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention can have one or more medicament placed cavities.
The size of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can determine according to actual conditions. Logical Often, the size of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device depends on following factor: the kind of anti-mould fresh keeping agent, the material of theca externa and Gas permeability, treat the anti-mildew fresh-keeping article quantity, treat the anti-mildew fresh-keeping time etc. Usually, anti-mildew fresh-keeping dress of the present invention Put and can be as small as about 1 square centimeter or littler, also can be as big as 50 centimetres of 50 cm x or bigger.
Now describe the anti-mildew fresh-keeping method of novelty of the present invention, it comprises step: provide splendid attire to treat fresh-keeping article Container and in this container, place and treat fresh-keeping article and preservation device, this preservation device has: theca externa, should But theca externa can optionally see through gas not see through liquid and ion; Consist of the medicament placed cavity by theca externa, This medicament placed cavity has sealing end, and this sealing end is closed; Layers of absorbent material, this absorbing material is positioned at medicament In the placed cavity; Be arranged in the anti-mould fresh keeping agent of medicament placed cavity, this anti-mould fresh keeping agent under there is situation in moisture, meeting Discharged the gas of anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect.
What in the methods of the invention, play the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect is anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas. The known mildew-resistant of this area The working concentration of fresh-keeping gas is all very low, usually the anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas of ppm level concentration is arranged (such as SO in air2) Get final product. In the methods of the invention, utilize theca externa can see through gas (molecule) but do not seen through liquid and ion Characteristic allows anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas be discharged into continuously in the surrounding environment, plays the anti-mildew fresh-keeping effect.
The splendid attire that is used for the inventive method treats that the container of fresh-keeping article is not particularly limited. Preferably, this container is not Open, but semiclosed or enclosed. Representational container example comprises (when being not limited to): carton, Polybag, bottle, box, iron flask etc. In broad terms, storage treats that the house of fresh-keeping article or warehouse are also visual Be a kind of container.
Anti-mildew fresh-keeping apparatus and method of the present invention are particularly useful for the anti-mildew fresh-keeping of food, fruit or vegetables applicable to the various article that need anti-mildew fresh-keeping.
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment, should understand these embodiment and be not limited to the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Select the polyethylene film of 0.06 commercially available millimeters thick for use, make small plastic bag 4 centimeter square, that have sealing end, in the medicament placed cavity, place 2 gram Sodium Metabisulfites, and place the filter paper of a slice 2.5 centimeter square.Add suitable quantity of water with syringe during use, moistening filter paper, sealing sealing end (promptly sealing sack) gets final product.
Embodiment 2
Select the polypropylene screen of 0.05 commercially available millimeters thick for use, make small plastic bag 5 centimeter square, that have sealing end, in the medicament placed cavity, place 4 gram Sodium Metabisulfites, and place a fritter sponge.During use, be stained with the suction suitable quantity of water with sponge, put into the medicament placed cavity, sealing sealing end (promptly sealing sack) gets final product.
Embodiment 3
The mensuration of anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas release curve
With the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of preparation among the embodiment 1, insert in the triangular flask of 1000ml band salt solution bottle stopper envelope, sealed 1 hour, get 1ml gas sample, at long 2M, diameter 4cm is equipped with 103 gas chromatograph for determination of the Porapak corrosion-resistant steel chromatography post of granularity 60-80.Remove to fill in the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device that from triangular flask, takes out plastic packaging then, place the vacancy.Second day repeats as above to measure, and still can detect mildew-resistant pneumatolytic branch (Fig. 3) after 60 days.
The result shows, because theca externas such as polyethylene film can see through gas molecule, so anti-mildew fresh-keeping gas can not accumulated in freshness protection package.By the size and the film thickness of control anti-mildew fresh-keeping device (as freshness protection package), can control the quantity of the anti-mildew fresh-keeping that discharges the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device and in certain space, reach the actv. working concentration by actv. within a certain period of time.
Embodiment 4
The experiment of lichee anti-mildew fresh-keeping
The anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of embodiment 1 is used for the anti-mildew fresh-keeping processing of lichee.In brief, the lichee of some being respectively charged into two volumes is in 20 * 20 * 15 centimetres the carboard.In a carboard, place the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of an embodiment 1 preparation.Do not place in the contrast carboard.At room temperature place 8 days (26-June 3 May), observe the situation of change of lichee.
Fig. 4 A and 4B shown respectively with anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention to the lichee anti-mildew fresh-keeping after 8 days lichee and do not use the contrast lichee of anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of the present invention preservation.Lichee among Fig. 4 A is still scarlet, no mildew phenomena; And the lichee among Fig. 4 B almost all goes mouldy, and the mildew of adularescent.
Embodiment 5
The experiment of grape anti-mildew fresh-keeping
500 gram grapes are put into a plastic bag, in bag, place the anti-mildew fresh-keeping device of an embodiment 2 preparations then.Placed 75 days down at 5-10 ℃.Found that that grape does not have is mildew and rot, keep original local flavor.