CN1291603A - Non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing ceramic parts - Google Patents

Non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing ceramic parts Download PDF

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CN1291603A
CN1291603A CN 00124982 CN00124982A CN1291603A CN 1291603 A CN1291603 A CN 1291603A CN 00124982 CN00124982 CN 00124982 CN 00124982 A CN00124982 A CN 00124982A CN 1291603 A CN1291603 A CN 1291603A
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ceramic
add
monomer
water
premixed liquid
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CN1092168C (en
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谢志鹏
黄勇
程一兵
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

A gel moulding process for preparing ceramics includes such steps as dissolving acrylamide monomer in water, dissolving the water-soluble polymer in said solution, adding powdered ceramic stirring, ball grinding, vacuum debubbling, adding trigger and catalyst, pouring in mould and holding temp constant until the ceramic is finished. The product has smooth surface.

Description

The non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing of ceramic component
The present invention relates to a kind of non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing of ceramic component, adopt this method can overcome the phenomenon that the ceramic body surface causes surperficial vegetables pine layer to peel off because of oxygen inhibition in the general gel casting forming process, this invention belongs to technical field of material.
The high-performance ceramics material, as aluminum oxide, zirconium white, silicon nitride, silicon carbide etc. because of having high strength, high rigidity, a series of excellent mechanical property and chemical stability such as high temperature resistant, wear-resistant and anticorrosive; Therefore more and more many in modern science and technology and industrial circle (as aspects such as space flight, chemical industry, information electronics, life sciences) application.These materials are many to be used as a kind of structure unit, has various different shapeies, and requires size accurate, reaches near-net-shape.The ceramic component of traditional forming manufacture technique such as dry-pressing formed very difficult preparation complicated shape, and common injection forming is only limited to the thin-walled ceramic member, has density gradient for heavy wall ceramic molding inside, is easy to generate defective and cracking during sintering.Therefore, the precise forming of high-performance ceramics parts creates a gordian technique.
For addressing these problems, the material supply section scholar of U.S.'s Oak Ridge National Laboratory proposed a kind of ceramic precision molding technology that is referred to as gel casting forming (Gel-casting) in recent years.The three-dimensional network gel property that this technology utilization organic monomer polyreaction forms, make ceramic suspension body inject mould after in-situ solidifying become ceramic body.Applicable different advanced ceramics materials of this method such as aluminum oxide, zirconium white, silicon nitride, moulding such as silicon carbide.But owing to can hinder polyreaction with the oxygen of air contact part during monomer polymerization, so the ceramic blank drying rear surface do not have this one deck of polyreaction to peel off, and can't prepare surperficial intact ceramic body.For overcoming surperficial oxygen inhibition, the method that adopts is ceramic suspension body behind the injection metal die is placed casual atmosphere (nitrogen or hydrogen) or to be cured in a vacuum at present.Complex process but also be difficult to eliminate fully surface imperfection so not only, billet surface still forms skim " loose shell ", very easily peels off.
The object of the invention proposes a kind of non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing of ceramic component, its principle is that some water-soluble polymer is dissolved in the monomer solution, add the mixing of ceramic powder homodisperse and obtain concentrated suspension, add initiator and catalyzer then, cause monomer polymerization to form gel network structure, making the ceramic suspension body in-situ solidifying is ceramic body.Because the oxygen uptake effect of the oxygen uptake electronics in these water-soluble polymers has precedence over the oxygen uptake effect of monomer free radical, exerted oneself that oxygen has overcome the surface porosity shell like this and formed and peeling phenomenon the inhibition of monomer polymerization in the air thereby keep away.
The non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing of the ceramic component that the present invention proposes comprises that following each step is poly-:
(1) at first prepare the monomer premixed liquid, acrylamide monomer is dissolved in the water, its ratio was 3~30: 100 (in mass).
(2) with following water-soluble polymer, azole compounds (as polyvinylpyrrolidone or pyrrolidone), polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene, any being dissolved in the above-mentioned monomer premixed liquid in sodium alginate and the starch.The mass ratio of polymer and monomer premixed liquid is 2~20: 100.
(3) in the above-mentioned polymer aqueous solution, add ceramic powder, as aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium white etc.Abundant dispersed with stirring, the volume ratio of the ceramic powder and the polymer aqueous solution is 65~130: 100.
(4) compound after the above-mentioned stirring is carried out ball milling, the time is 12~48 hours, froth in vacuum in 5~25 ℃ of temperature ranges then, and the de-bubble time is 10~30 minutes
(5) add ammonium persulphate or Potassium Persulphate then as initiator, add N simultaneously, N, N ', N ' tetramethyl-second two ammoniums are as catalyzer, and the add-on of initiator is 0.05~2wt% and even dispersed with stirring.The catalyzer add-on is 0.02~0.1wt% of monomer solution weight
(6) above-mentioned ceramic suspension body is injected non-punch die, place then in 40~80 ℃ of insulation cans, be incubated 5~60 minutes, monomer molecule polyreaction and interact with water-soluble polymer and to form gel network in the suspensoid, thus make ceramic suspension body change ceramic component of the present invention into.
The present invention has following advantage
(1) the moulding preparation of suitable difform pottery of different sorts or refractory products
(2) the ceramic body any surface finish of moulding does not have defectives such as any surfacial spalling
(3) (20~40MPa), good toughness can carry out machining to drying back base intensity height on lathe
(4) moulding process is simple, and used shaping assistant is cheap, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production
Introduce experimental example of the present invention below:
Experimental example 1: the moulding of silicon carbide ceramic components
Add 10 gram acryloyl ammonium monomers (white crystals shape) in 200 ml waters and be stirred to dissolving, adding 4 gram polyvinylpyrrolidones (white powdery) stirring provisional constitutions then was solubilized in 15 minutes, subsequently about 650 grams of silicon carbide ceramics powder 2.5 μ m are joined above-mentioned being dissolved with in the high molecular monomer solution, fully dispersed with stirring.Ball milling is 10 hours again, obtains the suspensoid of good fluidity.Froth in vacuum adds 0.05 gram ammonium persulphate and 0.025 milliliter of N after 10 minutes, N, N ', N ' tetramethyl-second two ammoniums are in ceramic suspension body and homodisperse.Then above-mentioned ceramic suspension body is injected metal die, and be heated to 60 ℃, treat that suspensoid is cured as ceramic body after 25 minutes to get final product the demoulding, obtain the flawless ceramic body of any surface finish.
Experimental example 2: the moulding of alumina ceramic tube
Aluminum oxide powder effluent Nan Xin source Aluminum company limited produces.Purity is 99.7%, and median size is about 2.8 μ m.
Add 20 gram allylamine monomer crystalline powders in 150 ml waters, mechanical stirring is to dissolving, add polyvinyl alcohol 1 gram then, stir dissolving fully in 30 minutes, again will the alumina-ceramic powder go in the above-mentioned solution in 700 grams, by ball milling 8 hours, the good fluidity ceramic suspension body, after the froth in vacuum 15 minutes, add 0.015 milliliter of ammonium persulfate initiator 0.03 gram (with aqueous solution form) and catalyzer.The tubular metal mould that ceramic size injects, the alumina-ceramic slurry is frozen into all good ceramic body of strength and toughness fully in reheat to the 70 ℃ constant temperature 15 minutes, mould.Mould is removed the alumina tube base substrate that can obtain any surface finish.
Experimental example 3: the moulding of silicon nitride ceramics base substrate
Silicon nitride ceramic is produced by the big high-performance ceramics in Beijing side company, and median size is 2.2 μ m
Add 20 gram acrylamide monomers in 100 ml waters, treat to dissolve fully the back and add polyoxyethylene 0.1 gram.Stir dissolving in 30 minutes.Again silicon nitride ceramic 350 grams are added in the above-mentioned solution.Ball milling 8 hours vacuumizes ceramic suspension body 10 minutes, adds 0.01 milliliter of ammonium persulfate initiator 0.02 gram (with aqueous solution form) and catalyzer again.With this suspensoid injected plastic ring mould and be heated to 80 constant temperature 20 minutes, the slurry completely solidified is the demoulding again behind the ceramic body in the mould, obtains shape, the silicon nitride ceramics base substrate that size is intact then.
Experimental example 4: the moulding of silicon nitride combined silicon carbide high grade refractory parts
Silicon nitride combined silicon carbide is nitridation sintered forming under 1450 ℃ of conditions by silicon carbide and silica flour base substrate, therefore, at first must mold silicon carbide and metallic silicon power compound base substrate.
The carborundum powder size distribution that this experiment adopts Zhengzhou pigeon group to produce is that the metallic silicon power median size of the big high-performance ceramics of 00.1~0.5mm and Beijing side company is about 1 μ m
Add 22 gram acrylamide monomers in 200 ml waters, be stirred to till the dissolving.Add sodium alginate polymer 2 grams, stir dissolving fully in 30 minutes.Again 800 gram carborundum powders and 200 gram metallic silicon powers are joined in the above-mentioned polymer aqueous solution.Directly add ammonium persulfate initiator 0.03 gram (with aqueous solution form) then.Fully disperse, evenly stir, again this suspensoid is injected metal die, and place in 80 ℃ of thermostat containers, after about 30 minutes, mould inner suspension body is transformed into hard base substrate, gets final product the demoulding.
Experimental example 5: the moulding of zirconium oxide ceramic component
Zirconia ceramics powder is that Beijing side big high-performance ceramics company produces Ce-Y-ZrO 2Particle diameter is 0.8 μ m.Add 20 gram acrylamide monomers in 100 ml waters, the dissolving back adds starch 3 grams fully, stirs 20 minutes uniform mixing.Again 500 gram zirconia ceramics powder were added in the above-mentioned solution ball milling final vacuum de-bubble in 8 hours 15 minutes, add 005 milliliter of initiator potassium persulfate 01 gram and catalyzer then, evenly dispersed with stirring is in suspensoid, again this suspensoid is injected metal die and is heated to 70 ℃ of constant temperature after 25 minutes, can the demoulding will solidify the zirconia ceramics base substrate and from mould, take out.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing of ceramic component is characterized in that, this method comprises that following each step is poly-:
(1) at first prepare the monomer premixed liquid: acrylamide monomer is dissolved in the water, and its mass ratio is 3~30: 100;
(2) water-soluble polymer is dissolved in the above-mentioned monomer premixed liquid, water-soluble polymer is any in azole compounds, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene, sodium alginate and the starch, and the mass ratio of polymer and monomer premixed liquid is 2~20: 100;
(3) in the above-mentioned polymer aqueous solution, add ceramic powder, abundant dispersed with stirring, the volume ratio of the ceramic powder and the polymer aqueous solution is 65~130: 100;
(4) compound after the above-mentioned stirring is carried out ball milling, the time is 12~48 hours, froth in vacuum in 5~25 ℃ of temperature ranges then, and the de-bubble time is 10~30 minutes;
(5) add ammonium persulphate or Potassium Persulphate then as initiator, add N simultaneously, N, N ', N ' tetramethyl-second two ammoniums are as catalyzer, the add-on of initiator is 0.05~2wt% of monomer premixed liquid weight, and even dispersed with stirring, and the catalyzer add-on is 0.02~0.1wt% of monomer premixed liquid weight;
(6) above-mentioned ceramic suspension body is injected non-punch die, place then in 40~80 ℃ of insulation cans, be incubated 5~60 minutes, monomer molecule polyreaction and interact with water-soluble polymer and to form gel network in the suspensoid, thus make ceramic suspension body change ceramic component of the present invention into.
CN00124982A 2000-09-29 2000-09-29 Non-oxygen polymerization-inhibiting gel injection process for preparing ceramic parts Expired - Fee Related CN1092168C (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1296322C (en) * 2004-04-20 2007-01-24 东北大学 Gelcasting method for producing refractory materials using millimeter-class large granule
CN1318348C (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-30 浙江大学 Tech. for degassing-free gel injecting moulding shaping of mullite-base precision ceramic component
CN1325431C (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-07-11 中国海洋大学 Gel molding-injection base from high-strength ceramic composite materials and shaping method thereof
CN102060543A (en) * 2010-11-29 2011-05-18 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Method for preventing oxygen inhibition in injection moulding process
CN102249691A (en) * 2011-04-20 2011-11-23 中南大学 Responsive gel casting formation method
CN101348376B (en) * 2008-08-29 2012-10-31 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Double-component monomer system for ceramic material gel pouring moulding and use method thereof
CN108096928A (en) * 2017-11-25 2018-06-01 福建省德化县稀德利精密陶瓷有限公司 Compound alumina ceramic filter and preparation method thereof
CN114349519A (en) * 2022-01-19 2022-04-15 江苏宝利金材科技有限公司 Slurry formula and production process of gel-casting ceramic filter

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1065846C (en) * 1998-09-25 2001-05-16 清华大学 Process for non-toxic gel moulding of precise ceramic component
CN1075477C (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-11-28 清华大学 Method and apparatus for quick moulding ceramic parts
CN1078574C (en) * 1999-06-18 2002-01-30 清华大学 Enzyme-catalytic high-molecular in-situ solidification process for shaping ceramic parts
CN1087277C (en) * 1999-08-27 2002-07-10 清华大学 Quickly solidified doctor blading process for forming electronic ceramic substrate and ceramic sheet devices
CN1108904C (en) * 2000-03-10 2003-05-21 清华大学 Continuous doctor-blading shaping method and equipment of water-base gel for raw thin wafer of ceramic device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1296322C (en) * 2004-04-20 2007-01-24 东北大学 Gelcasting method for producing refractory materials using millimeter-class large granule
CN1325431C (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-07-11 中国海洋大学 Gel molding-injection base from high-strength ceramic composite materials and shaping method thereof
CN1318348C (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-05-30 浙江大学 Tech. for degassing-free gel injecting moulding shaping of mullite-base precision ceramic component
CN101348376B (en) * 2008-08-29 2012-10-31 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Double-component monomer system for ceramic material gel pouring moulding and use method thereof
CN102060543A (en) * 2010-11-29 2011-05-18 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Method for preventing oxygen inhibition in injection moulding process
CN102249691A (en) * 2011-04-20 2011-11-23 中南大学 Responsive gel casting formation method
CN108096928A (en) * 2017-11-25 2018-06-01 福建省德化县稀德利精密陶瓷有限公司 Compound alumina ceramic filter and preparation method thereof
CN114349519A (en) * 2022-01-19 2022-04-15 江苏宝利金材科技有限公司 Slurry formula and production process of gel-casting ceramic filter

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