CN1290479A - Method for producing ramie hydrid by using periodic light inactivated female line - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of producing ramie hybrid is that by utilizing the discovered light period inactivating mateial of ramie, named PIGR, the florescence and sex of flowers of photosensitive ramie are controlled artificially to produce ramie hybrid. The method is performed in the condition of long sunchine duration, it has raised seed ripeness and bearing rate and is a simple method needing no isolation.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing photoperiod insensitiveness female series to produce the ramie crossbreed

The present invention relates to the hybrid vigour field, specifically, relate to a kind of method of utilizing ramie photoperiod insensitiveness female series to produce the ramie crossbreed.

Hybrid vigour is a kind of universal phenomenon that natural world exists, and is widely used in producing in paddy rice, seeding corn and other crops.Use crossbreed and can significantly improve output and resistance, studies show that, the ramie crossbreed is generally than parents mean value volume increase 19.8-59.3%.Though the cultivation ramie was received for three seasons in 1 year in the Yangtze river basin, because of the cultivation ramie is a short day plant, generally only the third quarter blossoms and bears fruit, and promptly blooms in mid-September, and production of hybrid seeds ripening rate is low, and late-maturing variety just can not receive ripe seed at all; Secondly, by the crossbreed fiber quality of male sterile line assembly relatively poor (sieve comes Yao .1980, the heredity of ramie male-sterile character and heterosis utilization research thereof. heredity (3): 33-35); In addition, though ramie as asexually propagated plant, available asexual reproduction method hybrid vigor fixing,, it can only be bred with root, reproduction speed is slow, is difficult to satisfy to produce needs, therefore, production of hybrid seeds problem becomes the key of ramie heterosis utilization.1985--1986, Zhou Ruiyang etc. have found annual ramie material NG1 and NG2 (the China's fiber crops work that can repeatedly bloom and show as gynoecy at Hua Zhong Agriculture University's ramie selective nursery, 1993 (2): 1-6), they are respectively from the blue or green selfing second generation of ten thousand years copper sheet and the blue or green spontaneous pollination seminal propagation of roundleaf offspring; The auspicious sun of this Later Zhou Dynasty, one of the Five Dynasties has been found this type of new material in 1989 and 1991 again ramie selective nursery 8410/1115 offspring of Agricultural College of Hubei Prov..1992, Zhou Ruiyang carries out 10 hours short day Processing Test in Agricultural College of Hubei Prov. to NG1 and NG2, find the effect that short day does not have promotion to budding and bloom, performance photoperiod insensitiveness, thereby this type of material named be photoperiod insensitiveness gynoecy ramie (Photoperiod Insensitive Gynoecious Ramie is called for short PIGR).This is found to be long day and carries out hybrid seeding under the condition available maternal material is provided.But must solve two problems: the one, induce PIGR to open the part male flower, it can be isozygotied in selfing; The 2nd, induce the cultivation ramie only to open male flower under the condition in long day so that under long day condition hybrid seeding.According to forefathers' result of study, handling in short day is that the controlling and cultivating ramie blooms and the good method of sex performance, but be used for hybrid seeding then take a lot of work, time-consuming; And handled in short day to PIGR bloom and sex is expressed and is not also had regulating action.Therefore, solve that ramie blooms and the sex control technique is the key issue that realizes the PIGR heterosis utilization.

The objective of the invention is for the ramie hybrid seeding provides a kind of simple effective method, realize not having the production of hybrid seeds of isolation, and improve ripening rate and kernel maturing.

A kind of method of utilizing photoperiod insensitiveness female series to produce the ramie crossbreed is characterized in that PIGR and photaesthesia cultivation ramie blooms respectively and the artificial regulatory of sex, preparing hybrid kind then, and its production method comprises the steps:

(1), the PIGR material is cut stalk June-August, cut stalk after 1 month newborn fiber crops open first phase flower, carry out selfing, with purifying PIGR material; Or by the method for backcrossing with the light insensitiveness gene transformation in the PIGR material in good ramee variety;

(2), do not cut stalk after the PIGR material that is produced in the step (1) spent in the first phase, on the tender tip, do not open female flower every 35-45 days later on;

(3) to photaesthesia monoecism ramie, the first season, ripe fiber crops were not gathered in the crops, in the first tenday period of a month in June to 85 °-95 ° at the ripe straw kinking stem tip that flower bud differentiation is arranged, and folding and constantly, the straw of not rolling over the stem tip being sliced off only produces male flower on the tender tip after 16-21 days;

(4) being female parent with second, third phase female flower of PIGR that is produced in the step (2), is male parent with the plant that is produced in the step (3), the preparing hybrid kind.

The PIGR material is insensitive to light, can repeatedly bloom in 1 year, and early May is opened flower for the first time, and the first phase spends the back that the PIGR material is not cut stalk, then blooms on the tender tip every 35-45 days later, and only opens female flower, does maternal in hybrid seeding.

The first phase is spent the back that the PIGR material is cut stalk and handles, cut stalk after one month, the regeneration fiber crops first phase blooms, and the part male flower is arranged, especially it is higher to cut the male flower percentage of regeneration fiber crops first phase flower behind the stalk with June-megathermal period in August, can be in order to the PIGR material carried out the selfing purifying or to hand over mutually.

Ramie is a short-day plant, generally blooms in mid-September, handles but the photaesthesia ramie that flower bud differentiation is arranged is carried out the kinking of the stem tip, can make it open male flower under long day condition.To the photaesthesia ramie cultivar of flower bud differentiation is arranged, growing under day condition its stem tip kinking, require folding and continuous, 85 °-95 ° of kinking angles slice off the straw of not rolling over the stem tip, bloom on the stem tip after 16-21 days, and only open male flower, prove that the photaesthesia ramie cultivar that the method is successfully induced flower bud differentiation blooms under long day condition, and the florescence is long, pollen viability is normal, makes male parent in hybrid seeding.

The light insensitiveness characteristic of PIGR material is controlled by recessive gene, PIGR material and the hybridization of photaesthesia ramee variety, and the existing photaesthesia characteristic of representative thereafter: available method of backcrossing in good ramee variety, is used further to the preparing hybrid kind with the transformation of light insensitiveness gene.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention has utilized PIGR material and photaesthesia ramie hereditary capacity, and is easy and simple to handle; The present invention is all bloomed to these both sides of father and mother and the artificial regulatory of sex, and hybrid seeding can be carried out under long day condition, has improved kernel maturing and ripening rate; Simultaneously, because the cultivation ramie does not bloom as yet when hybridizing, the production of hybrid seeds need not isolated; In addition, of fine quality by crossbreed output height, the product of the inventive method assembly.

Embodiment one: nineteen ninety-five, PIGR material NG1 is cut stalk once from per 15 days of 1-September 1 of May.Found that, colored male flower percentage of the regeneration fiber crops first phase is respectively after cutting stalk: 10.33% (not cutting stalk), 3.75% (cutting stalk on May 1), 3.08% (cutting stalk on May 16), 8.82% (cutting stalk on June 1), 49.42% (cutting stalk on June 16), 44.83% (cutting stalk on July 1), 66.33% (cutting stalk on July 16), 53.22% (cutting stalk on August 1), 39.44% (cutting stalk on August 16) and 29.63% (cutting stalk on September 1), illustrate that PIGR material NG1 can bloom under the long-day, cut that the variation of the numb sex ratio of regeneration obviously shows relevant with the variations in temperature cycle in 1 year behind the stalk.

Embodiment two: nineteen ninety-five, (do not cut stalk after the PIGR material NG1 first phase spent, bloomed on the tender tip every 40 days later on, and only open female flower for 30 ° 24 ' N) in Jing Zhou, Hubei.

Embodiment three: 1993 years, from 11-June 10 May, to No. 3, roundleaf green grass or young crops, five-leaved chaste tree skin, Hunan ramie, 4-2 and five ramee varieties of 23-2 that flower bud differentiation is arranged, to the kinking of the different stem tip once every 10 days, and folding and constantly, 85 °-95 ° of kinking angles slice off the straw of not rolling over the stem tip, bloom after 16-21 days, and only open male flower, proof the method successfully induces them to bloom under long day condition, and the florescence is long, and pollen viability is normal.

Embodiment four: with the successful assembly of the inventive method 6 hybrid combinations: NG1/ roundleaf green grass or young crops, NG2/ roundleaf green grass or young crops, NG3/ roundleaf green grass or young crops, NG4/ roundleaf green grass or young crops, NG1/ five-leaved chaste tree skin and NG2/ roundleaf green grass or young crops.NG1/ roundleaf green grass or young crops reaches 2018 public than the ultimate fibre number of green volume increase 60.6%, three fiber crops of Hubei govern-house-variety spire as a result, considerably beyond 1800 public gold standard.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of method of utilizing photoperiod insensitiveness female series to produce the ramie crossbreed, it is characterized in that photoperiod insensitiveness gynoecy ramie (Photoperiod Insensitive Gynoecious Ramie, be called for short PIGR) and photaesthesia cultivation ramie blooms respectively and the artificial regulatory of sex, preparing hybrid kind then, its production method comprises the steps:

(1), the PIGR material is cut stalk June-August, cut stalk after 1 month newborn fiber crops open first phase flower, carry out selfing, with purifying PIGR material; Or by the method for backcrossing with the light insensitiveness gene transformation in the PIGR material in good ramee variety;

(2), do not cut stalk after the PIGR material that is produced in the step (1) spent in the first phase, on the tender tip, do not open female flower every 35-45 days later on;

(3) to photaesthesia monoecism ramie, the first season, ripe fiber crops were not gathered in the crops, in the first tenday period of a month in June to 85 °-95 ° at the ripe straw kinking stem tip that flower bud differentiation is arranged, and folding and constantly, the straw of not rolling over the stem tip being sliced off only produces male flower on the tender tip after 16-21 days;

(4) being female parent with second, third phase female flower of PIGR that is produced in the step (2), is male parent with the plant that is produced in the step (3), the preparing hybrid kind.