CN1288486A - Method and device to feed premixed gas to tugeres of electric arc furnaces - Google Patents
Method and device to feed premixed gas to tugeres of electric arc furnaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1288486A CN1288486A CN99802325A CN99802325A CN1288486A CN 1288486 A CN1288486 A CN 1288486A CN 99802325 A CN99802325 A CN 99802325A CN 99802325 A CN99802325 A CN 99802325A CN 1288486 A CN1288486 A CN 1288486A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- neutral gas
- tuyere
- line
- mixing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
- C21C5/5217—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace equipped with burners or devices for injecting gas, i.e. oxygen, or pulverulent materials into the furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B3/225—Oxygen blowing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
Abstract
Method to feed tuyeres in an electric furnace, the tuyeres comprising a central conduit to deliver a comburent gassy substance and a peripheral conduit to deliver a cooling gassy substance, the method providing to send to the central conduit a comburent mixture consisting of oxygen and neutral gas (N2, Ar, etc.) in defined percentages, the oxygen and the neutral gas being fed, for each of the tuyeres, to a mixing device (13) with a high mixing capacity, at least the pressure of the neutral gas being able to be adjusted on the relative feed line so as to modulate the pressure of the mixture according to the characteristics of the melting process. Device to feed a comburent gassy substance to a tuyere for an electric furnace, the device comprising at least a line to feed oxygen and at least a line to feed neutral gas, the two lines being connected downstream to a mixing device (13) with a high mixing capacity, arranged immediately upstream of the relative tuyere, each of the lines comprising at least means to modulate and/or stabilise the pressure of delivery.
Description
The present invention relates to method and relevant air-supply arrangement described in each independent claim, that give the air-supply of electric furnace tuyere.
The present invention is used in the electric smelter, and or rather, the present invention is used in the electric arc furnace, so that combustion-supporting mixture is supplied to the following tuyere that is arranged in the burner hearth.
Making the working life that prolongs tuyere become according to supply method of the present invention may and can improve its productivity, reduce wear and degenerate, and make effect reach optimizing.
The effect of the heat effect that the burning of the combustion-supporting mixture that provides by material in the stove with by tuyere produces can also be provided in the present invention.
In electric smelter, no matter be to feed direct current to it, or input AC, prior art has all related to the use of basal tuyere, wherein the gaseous substance that will contain strong combustion-supporting property powder by described tuyere is sent into electric furnace, and the effect of gaseous substance is exactly the combustion reactions of the chemical substance that discharges in decision and reinforcement and the stove.
These combustion reactionss make to reclaim mainly by other chemical substance that discharges in carbon and the stove by exothermic oxidation reaction have in accumulate potential energy and become possibility.
These combustion reactionss provide auxiliary energy with respect to main electric furnace electric supply installation, thus in a large number saves energy, quicken melting cycle and improve the quality of the metal of being produced.
Tuyere generally includes a conduit, and its mouth of pipe is outstanding and link to each other with the feeding mechanism of the combustion-supporting material of supplying oxygen-rich air normally or oxygen in stove.
Other gaseous substance such as nitrogen, neutral gas or other similar substance also can be admitted to by this root conduit, but a kind of gas must separate with other gas all the time.
The gaseous substance of sending into through tuyere also has the effect of stirring liquid metal bath.
For the wearing and tearing (this wearing and tearing are overheated the causing of extreme that produce because of combustion reactions) that reduce the tuyere top of stretching in the stove, prior art has proposed to blow the normally cooling gas of the mixture of hydrocarbon polymer, nitrogen, rare gas element or similar substance with combustion-supporting gas.
Once the someone proposed, from for the tuyere to centre pipe supply combustion-supporting material an annular pipe of carrying cooling mixture being set all around.
The applicant has described a kind of tuyere in European patent application EP-A-625685, wherein the oxygen supply pipe is made of copper and obtains by the centre hole of offering a Polygons or star.The slit that obtains in the side of centre hole is used to carry cooling mixture.
It is how to be divided into many sections that melting cycle has also been described in this patent application, and wherein the characteristics of each section are to have the pressure parameter of specific combustion-supporting oxygen and the pressure parameter of cooling mixture.
In addition, the carrying method of EP-A-625685 can be by the pressure that uses suitable reader and transmitter to regulate oxygen in line of pipes.
The inevitable variable effect of Oxygen Flow the flowing of at least a composition in the cooling mixture, therefore flowing of other one or more compositions change in the cooling mixture, so that guarantee stably and the mixing device feed of the annular delivery conduit supply cooling mixture in giving stove controllably.
By adopting this regulation technology and combining, just can obtain good effect aspect not being worn and degenerating in efficiency and protection tuyere with special tuyere structure, its size and its concrete distribution at furnace bottom.
But it has been found that in fact be deposited at the heavy material of a certain thickness under the situation above the outlet of tuyere, combustion-supporting gaseous substance can not pass it, so tuyere wearing and tearing and damaging fast.
This problem means, will carry out maintenance work soon or replace tuyere, and this will mean cycle interruption, very long stop time and great amount of manpower work.
These problems have also produced the under-stream period of tuyere less efficiently work, and the result causes the minimizing of energy supply and the decline of the molten metal mass of being produced.
The applicant designs, tests and implemented the present invention and overcomes shortcoming of the prior art and obtain other advantage.
Record and shown feature of the present invention in each independent claim, and dependent claims has been described the modification of the design of main embodiment.
According to the present invention, the mixture that the centre pipe supply of giving each tuyere is made of oxygen and neutral gas such as nitrogen or similar gas.Give a mixing device with these two kinds of compositions by the relevant pipeline that comprises the mechanism that regulates transfer pressure at least.
According to a kind of modification, carry the pipeline of neutral gas to comprise at least two line of pipes, wherein every line of pipes defines specific stress level in the ingress.
The mixture of the feasible oxygen-neutral gas that can obtain to pressurize of second line of pipes.
According to the present invention, the mixing device of centre pipe of supply tuyere is to belong to the type that is suitable for improving in the ingress gas flow rate, can pass any kinetic energy that may accumulate in the material layer on the bottom at least in part thereby have at the jet of exit mixture.
According to a kind of modification, mixing device is to be suitable for causing in the exit the sort of type that occurs a large amount of swirling motions in the mixture of combustion-supporting material.
The applicant is verified, by using the mixture of being made up of mentioned component and utilizing the mixing device that produces high-speed motion in the gas in exit, the working life that can prolong tuyere.
According to another kind of modification, the line of pipes of cooling mixture provides such one type mixing system at least, and promptly this mixing system will obtain the high speed swirling motion in the exit.
As the indefiniteness example provided accompanying drawing, they show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the e Foerderanlage of the present invention of the expression combustion-supporting mixture that is used to be sent to the tuyere centre pipe;
Fig. 2 a has illustrated a feasible mixing device that can be used to device shown in Figure 1 with cross-sectional view;
Fig. 2 b be among Fig. 2 a " A " to view.
Referring to accompanying drawing, label 10 expressions are used to the apparatus of the present invention to the supply of the tuyere in electric arc furnace combustion-supporting mixture.
Device 10 is united use with such tuyere, and promptly this tuyere comprises one in order to the centre pipe of carrying combustion-supporting mixture and gasiform cooling mixture flow through wherein peripheral catheters or annular pipe.
Therefore, device 10 with mixes at this unshowned cooling gas and the e Foerderanlage associated working, this cooling gas mixing and e Foerderanlage belong to the type of knowing already in the prior art.
Device 10 of the present invention gives the centre pipe supply of tuyere by oxygen (O
2) and neutral gas (N
2, Ar etc.) combustion-supporting mixture that constitutes, and in this case, device 10 comprises an oxygen supply line 11 and a neutral gas line of pipes 12, this pipeline 12 has two-way and carries branch road, the i.e. first branch road 12a and the second branch road 12b, every branch road defines relevant stress level in the ingress.
According to the desirable combustion-supporting mixture pressure that will obtain, select this two conveying branch road 12a, 12b singlely.
In this case, second of neutral gas line of pipes 12 is carried branch road 12b can obtain its pressure ratio and is carried higher (the being about 7 crust) combustion-supporting mixture of branch road pressure that 12a obtains with first, and the first conveying branch road provides pressure to be about the combustion-supporting mixtures of 3 crust.
This loop with two branch road 12a, 12b also becomes possibility by the mobile pressure of regulating neutral gas in than the wideer scope of above-mentioned two numerical value that makes of gas ground adjusting that uses two inlets and mix under the different pressures, has obtained the intermediate pressure between two virgin pressures thus.
Line of pipes 11,12 all is coupled on the mixing device 13 in its end, and described mixing device mixed them before giving tuyere with oxygen and neutral gas.
Fig. 2 a, 2b show device 10 spendable feasible mixing devices 13 of the present invention.
At inlet side 13a, mixing device 13 comprise many cross sections limited enter hole 14, they be arranged in the longitudinal axis " y " around, oxygen and neutral gas enter the hole by these and flow into a 15a in first with the speed that is higher than inlet velocity already.
A 15a is communicated with a 15b in second by the axial passage 16 of a band one flange 16a in first.
Therein the heart and thereby on the position of a substantial registration axial passage 16, a 15b has a recessed empty portion 18 of taper and have many venting holes 19 around it in second, here be six venting holes, they are arranged on the outlet side 13b of mixing device 13.
The limited venting hole 19 in cross section causes further acceleration and makes mixture obtain the strong vortex motion when it flows out.
Therefore, this configuration of mixing device 13 causes the whirling current 17 of formation oxygen-neutral gas, has guaranteed that thus these two kinds of gases mix effectively and mix up hill and dale.
This makes mixture be easier to penetrate anyly may to block the material of wind nozzle outlet and improve the efficient of tuyere and add the macro-energy supply.
According to one in this unshowned modification, mixing device 13 is the sort of mixing devices that are suitable for producing in the combustion-supporting mixture of being carried in the exit stronger swirling motion.
Among oxygen supply line 11 and above-mentioned two conveying branch road 12a, the 12b each comprises initial segment 111,112a and the 112b and back segment 211,212a and the 212b that are common to all tuyeres respectively, and back segment extends abreast according to each tuyere.
In this case, in its initial segment 111, oxygen supply line 11 sequentially comprises the pressure-regulator 21 of a hand control valve 20, and a fluid pressure warning unit 24 cooperations, a servo instruction valve 22 and a purging valve 23.
The back segment 211 of oxygen supply line 11 comprises 26, one vacuum breaker of 25, one servo instruction valves of a hand control valve 27, variable valve 28, a under meter 29 and a hand control valve 30 that is positioned at mixing device 13 upstreams according to priority and corresponding to each tuyere ground.
Each the initial segment 112a of conveying branch road 12a, the 12b of neutral gas line of pipes 12 and 112b line up a line ground and comprise hand control valve 31a, a 31b, pressure-regulator 32a, a 32b, manoscope 33a, a 33b and vacuum breaker 34a, a 34b respectively.
In these two back segment 212a and 212b, be respectively each tuyere and be provided with hand control valve 35a, a 35b, they are arranged in a upstream that connects servo instruction valve 36a and 36b.
The back segment 212a of the first branch road 12a also comprises a purging valve 37, and the back segment 212b of the second branch road 12b comprises a variable valve 38.
Comprise a servo instruction valve 39, a flow-metering mechanism 40 and a vacuum breaker 41 according to priority by these two common parts of conveying branch road 12a, 12b of neutral gas line of pipes 12.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, device 10 is being controlled by a control unit, utilize this control unit and by setting some parameter and the time of delivery thereof relevant with the combustion-supporting mixture that will obtain, can control the work period of line of pipes 11 and 12 automatically, so that the combustion-supporting mixture that acquisition has ideal chemical/physical characteristic.
The setting of parameter also can wait to determine by control unit and according to the quality of characteristics, the starting material of melting cycle and the steel that will obtain.
Line of pipes 11 and 12 automatic control make in melting cycle each regulate the pressure that gas is sent to mixing device 13 at interval becomes possibility with relevant flow, thereby can farthest bring into play the energy supply characteristic according to the concrete melting technology of just carrying out in stove.
Claims (11)
1. method of giving the tuyere air feed in the electric furnace, this tuyere comprises the centre pipe and the peripheral catheters of carrying the refrigerative gaseous substance that are used to carry combustion-supporting gaseous substance, it is characterized in that, this method to the centre pipe supply by oxygen and neutral gas (nitrogen, argon gas etc.) combustion-supporting mixture that constitutes according to predetermined percentage, concerning each tuyere, oxygen and neutral gas are supplied to a mixing device (13) with high mixing ability, can on relevant line of pipes, regulate the pressure of neutral gas at least, so that adjust the pressure of mixture according to the characteristics of melting technology.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, carries neutral gas, i.e. first low-pressure line and second high pressure line by at least two pipelines.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, can be selectively and alternately use described at least two pipelines.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the per-cent flow ground that can so regulate each pipeline uses described at least two pipelines simultaneously, has promptly obtained one thus in the high pressure of each pipeline and the intermediate pressure scope between the low pressure.
5. the described method of one of claim as described above is characterized in that, high pressure line is carried neutral gas under the pressure of 7 crust.
6. the described method of one of claim as described above is characterized in that, low-pressure line is carried neutral gas under the pressure of 3 crust.
7. device of giving the combustion-supporting gaseous substance of the tuyere supply be used for electric furnace, it is characterized in that, it comprises at least one oxygen supply line and at least one neutral gas line of pipes, these two pipelines link to each other with a mixing device (13) with high mixing ability in the downstream, described mixing device is right after the upstream at relevant tuyere, and every pipeline comprises the mechanism of adjusting and/or stable transfer pressure at least.
8. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, it comprises at least two pipelines of carrying neutral gas, promptly a high pressure line and a low-pressure line that crosses on the position of mixing device (13) upstream.
9. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, it comprises the required adjusting of carrying out according to the pressure to the neutral gas of supplying with mixing device (13) and the mechanism that regulates the flow of at least two neutral gas line of pipes automatically.
10. as the described device of one of claim 7-9, it is characterized in that mixing device (13) is the sort of mixing device that is suitable for producing the high speed swirling motion of the combustion-supporting mixture of being supplied.
11. as the described device of one of claim 7-10, it is characterized in that it comprises that one is being regulated the control unit of the transportation parameters of gaseous substance according to the quality of melting technology parameter for example and especially starting material and the steel that will produce aspect flow and the pressure at least.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITUD98A000007 | 1998-01-23 | ||
| IT98UD000007A IT1299725B1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | POWER PROCESS FOR ELECTRIC OVEN TUBES AND RELATED POWER SUPPLY DEVICE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1288486A true CN1288486A (en) | 2001-03-21 |
Family
ID=11422550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99802325A Pending CN1288486A (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1999-01-20 | Method and device to feed premixed gas to tugeres of electric arc furnaces |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6377602B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1049811B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002501161A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1288486A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE210738T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU744310B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9907219A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2318150A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69900588T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2169593T3 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1299725B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999037822A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112029956A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Oxygen supply method for electric arc furnace steelmaking |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10188119B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2019-01-29 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Method for treating a substance with wave energy from plasma and an electrical arc |
| US8764978B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2014-07-01 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | System for treating a substance with wave energy from an electrical arc and a second source |
| US8981250B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2015-03-17 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Apparatus for treating a substance with wave energy from plasma and an electrical Arc |
| US7622693B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2009-11-24 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Plasma whirl reactor apparatus and methods of use |
| US7857972B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-12-28 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Apparatus for treating liquids with wave energy from an electrical arc |
| WO2008008104A2 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2008-01-17 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | System, method and apparatus for treating liquids with wave energy from plasma |
| CN105143413B (en) | 2012-12-11 | 2017-07-04 | 弗雷特等离子实验室公司 | High-temperature reflux vortex reactor system, method and apparatus |
| MX358199B (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2018-08-08 | Foret Plasma Labs Llc | Apparatus and method for sintering proppants. |
| CN103451360A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 天津伟力盛世节能科技股份有限公司 | Oxygen delivery device |
| IT202200010706A1 (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-24 | More S R L | APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE FOR SUPPLYING GAS TO A METAL PRODUCTION FURNACE |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3902889A (en) | 1972-11-30 | 1975-09-02 | United States Steel Corp | Electric arc melting furnace |
| US3812275A (en) * | 1973-02-26 | 1974-05-21 | Pennsylvania Engineering Corp | Steel production method and apparatus |
| US3999977A (en) | 1973-04-25 | 1976-12-28 | United States Steel Corporation | Method for controlling the injection of flux into a steelmaking vessel as a function of pressure differential |
| US3972517A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-08-03 | Fedor Vladimirovich Kraizinger | Tuyere for introducing reactants into a bath of molten metal |
| DE3806977A1 (en) | 1988-03-03 | 1989-09-14 | Fuchs Systemtechnik Gmbh | Process for controlling the flow when blowing a gas in through a bottom bubble brick during the smelting of metals |
| AT396370B (en) | 1992-03-31 | 1993-08-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | METHOD FOR PRODUCING STEEL FROM SCRAP |
| EP0625685B1 (en) | 1993-05-17 | 1999-07-21 | DANIELI & C. OFFICINE MECCANICHE S.p.A. | Electric arc furnace with alternative sources of energy and operating method for such electric furnace |
| JPH07145420A (en) | 1993-09-30 | 1995-06-06 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Electric arc melting furnace |
| US5557631A (en) | 1994-05-06 | 1996-09-17 | Dynex Engineering Inc. | Sonic furnace monitoring apparatus |
| IT1280115B1 (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1998-01-05 | Danieli Off Mecc | MELTING PROCEDURE FOR ELECTRIC ARC OVEN WITH ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY AND RELATED ELECTRIC ARC OVEN |
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 IT IT98UD000007A patent/IT1299725B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1999
- 1999-01-20 BR BR9907219-0A patent/BR9907219A/en active Search and Examination
- 1999-01-20 US US09/600,896 patent/US6377602B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-20 DE DE69900588T patent/DE69900588T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-20 WO PCT/IB1999/000085 patent/WO1999037822A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-01-20 JP JP2000528728A patent/JP2002501161A/en active Pending
- 1999-01-20 ES ES99900233T patent/ES2169593T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-20 CA CA002318150A patent/CA2318150A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-01-20 EP EP99900233A patent/EP1049811B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-20 CN CN99802325A patent/CN1288486A/en active Pending
- 1999-01-20 AU AU18858/99A patent/AU744310B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-01-20 AT AT99900233T patent/ATE210738T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112029956A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Oxygen supply method for electric arc furnace steelmaking |
| CN112029956B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Oxygen supply method for electric arc furnace steelmaking |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1299725B1 (en) | 2000-04-04 |
| BR9907219A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
| EP1049811B1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
| WO1999037822A1 (en) | 1999-07-29 |
| CA2318150A1 (en) | 1999-07-29 |
| ITUD980007A1 (en) | 1999-07-23 |
| ES2169593T3 (en) | 2002-07-01 |
| JP2002501161A (en) | 2002-01-15 |
| US6377602B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
| DE69900588T2 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
| ATE210738T1 (en) | 2001-12-15 |
| DE69900588D1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
| EP1049811A2 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
| AU1885899A (en) | 1999-08-09 |
| AU744310B2 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |