CN1288395A - Heatable catalytic converter arrangement having a water trap located upstream - Google Patents
Heatable catalytic converter arrangement having a water trap located upstream Download PDFInfo
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- CN1288395A CN1288395A CN99802082A CN99802082A CN1288395A CN 1288395 A CN1288395 A CN 1288395A CN 99802082 A CN99802082 A CN 99802082A CN 99802082 A CN99802082 A CN 99802082A CN 1288395 A CN1288395 A CN 1288395A
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- honeycomb ceramics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/005—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an arrangement for purifying an exhaust gas stream of a combustion engine (1). The device contains a first water trap (5), an electrically heatable honeycomb (7) and a honeycomb (8) with a catalytic active coating, said coating promoting oxidation, which are successively arranged in a flow direction (S) of the exhaust gas. The electrically heatable honeycomb (7) and the honeycomb (8) with a catalytic active coating can completely or partially form a component. Such an assembly can be connected as a small supplemental system behind a lambda-probe equipped catalytic converter in order to guarantee exhaust gas purification during the cold-start phase. The supplemental system, with a larger dimension, can assume the entire exhaust gas purification. The dry honeycomb (7) which can be electrically heated by the water trap located upstream quickly reaches the temperature ranging from only 70 to 90 DEG C which is necessary for a catalytic conversion and, in addition, requires less electric energy than conventional systems. The arrangement enables the reduction of pollutants in exhaust gases of motor vehicles to extremely low amounts.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of device of cleaning internal combustion engines exhaust gases stream.When purifying automobile exhaust, make every effort to reach the low more limiting value of hazardous emission, to alleviate the burden of environment.The part of difficulty is the cold-start phase of internal-combustion engine especially in exhaust is handled again, must eliminate a large amount of hydrocarbons in exhaust in this stage usually.Carbon monoxide also should be oxidized to carbon dioxide, thereby must promote it is the process of oxidation basically by catalytic active substance at cold-start phase.When the operation of the engine load followed, adopt No. three catalysts to carry out exhaust gas purification usually, the composition that their simultaneously can the energy of oxidation oxidation and reduce nitrogen oxide.
For example in EP0638710A2 and EP0485179A2, introduced the emission control system that mainly is designed at the cold-start phase purifying exhaust gas.This system may comprise many parts, that is No. three catalysts, hydrocarbon adsorber and heatable honeycomb ceramics.Some different systems of wherein also touching upon, and which parts of an emission control system should be established the catalytically active coatings of which kind of type.
For example in WO96/10127, introduced to this vent systems particularly suitable can electrically heated parts, they guarantee to reach rapidly the minimum temperature of catalytic reaction necessity at cold-start phase.For have can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics device, people originally thought must reach about 250 ℃ temperature before catalytically active coatings can be facilitated desired oxidizing process.
But according to understanding afterwards, the temperature that catalytic active substance can trigger carbon monoxide and oxidizing hydrocarbon allows to reduce greatly, as long as the carrier of catalytic active substance can keep dry basically.Once some coatings had been developed, they can be coated in as common on the honeycomb ceramics of ceramic wash coat, as long as honeycomb ceramics and ceramic coating are dry, they have just played oxidation catalyst during for example at 70-80 ℃ being lower than 100 ℃ significantly so.Can use so-called water separator in order to keep dry here, they have comprised some can absorb material with storage of water in a large number when being lower than the temperature of regulation.In WO96/39576 for example, introduce some and had the different design and the required for this reason materials of vent systems of this type of water separator.
Based on this prior art, the objective of the invention is, will be made up by the known different parts that are used for exhaust gas purification of prior art, so that realize especially effectively exhaust gas purification in order to reach low especially harmful substance contents in the outlet port.Here a special purpose is will improve the exhaust gas purification in cold-start phase and can cancel near the high load part motor in the exhaust duct.Also make every effort to obtain structure very effective emission control system especially simply again, wherein, what comprised in this system can compare in requisition for energy still less with known devices by electrically heated honeycomb ceramics.The present invention should also provide the appropriate methods that is used to move this device.
Be used to reach this purpose by the device of claim 1 with by the method for claim 13.Favourable and particularly preferred form of implementation have been described in each dependent claims.
The device that is used for cleaning internal combustion engines exhaust gases stream by the present invention successively comprises following parts along the flow direction of exhaust:
First water separator, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics and the honeycomb ceramics of the catalytically active coatings of accelerating oxidation is at least arranged.Wherein, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics and have the honeycomb ceramics of catalytically active coatings also can completely or partially constitute an element of construction.
Also want sets forth in detail as the back, this device can be used for two kinds of different functions according to its size.In the honeycomb ceramics size of can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics and catalytically active coatings being arranged hour, this device can be connected for example No. three catalyst downstreams of a common emission control system.This device is mainly used in cold-start phase oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon in this case, and the exhaust gas purification task when the emission control system of upstream is born at load operation and this device in the downstream are changed a spot of remaining harmful matter at the most again.
Water separator keeps two components downstream dryings, so just can implement catalytic reaction when temperature is 70-80 ℃.Because in the cold-start phase vent systems, only flow through small amount of exhaust gas stream, so compare with the traditional system that does not contain water separator, this can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics can be rapid many and/or reach such temperature with still less electric energy, in traditional system, then honeycomb ceramics must be placed minimum 250 ℃ temperature.Usually can add the oxidation coating at least by electrically heated honeycomb ceramics, so honeycomb ceramics begins the oxidation reaction of catalytic exothermic immediately when reaching the required temperature of catalytic reaction, they then further improve delivery temperature sharp, and will also place under the reaction temperature at the honeycomb ceramics that the catalytically active coatings that plays oxidation is at least arranged equally in downstream.Therefore after several seconds, begun almost completely to purify the exhaust of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon.The size of water separator should be designed to, and it can store the water vapour from internal-combustion engine muchly, until can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics and/or the honeycomb ceramics that catalytically active coatings is arranged in the downstream begin catalytic reaction.Afterwards, water separator can and be discharged the water of storing again by the blast air heating, can not influence the exhaust gas purification effect.Then original catalytic conversion system also reaches its operating temperature and thereby bears main exhaust gas purification task in the continuation running of internal-combustion engine.Therefore can be not overheated in this system in downstream, but in temperature even decline to some extent in some cases again.
Water separator and can being arranged in automobile from the distant place of motor by electrically heated honeycomb ceramics advantageously is with the temperature load that reduces this system when the load operation and aging.
Should be pointed out that can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics and have the honeycomb ceramics of catalytically active coatings can constitute single element of construction, need only have a heatable honeycomb ceramics with enough big surface that is added with catalytically active coatings under extreme case.Certainly, in particularly preferred form of implementation, one very short can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics be directly arranged in before the honeycomb ceramics and be bearing in above it, for example illustrated in WO96/10127.
In order the honeycomb ceramics of catalytically active coatings to be arranged when the parking of automobile and/or can also to keep dry by electrically heated honeycomb ceramics, under the simplest situation, in vent systems, establish an one-way valve, it is closed basically hermetically by EXO and when the no exhaust air flow.
Additionally or as an alternative also can establish second water separator at the vent systems end, it can receive the atmospheric water in the possibility invasive system when stopping for prolonged period of time, and the honeycomb ceramics in its front is made moist.
If use by device of the present invention, then no longer need No. three catalysts are arranged near the motor, but can leave internal-combustion engine outlet 30cm or farther in conjunction with common No. three catalysts.Because internal-combustion engine is used rich mixed gas work usually at cold-start phase, that is to be higher than stoichiometric oil-gas ratio work, so must be at the somewhere of internal-combustion engine back input secondary air, to guarantee the fuel of catalytic conversion surplus.Because the exhaust that this secondary air cooling is flowed out from internal-combustion engine, so the input of secondary air is often carrying out between catalyst and the main catalytic converter in advance, so that can more promptly heat pre-catalyst.Yet this point but is inessential in the present invention, so the import of secondary air can be located between internal-combustion engine and first parts of emission control system Anywhere.If exhaust gas purification is had extra high requirement at cold-start phase, then can be before can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics establish a hydrocarbon adsorber somewhere again, at first it absorb the hydrocarbon in the exhaust, until the sufficiently high temperature that can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics be useful on catalytic reaction.By in the emission control system of the present invention, the hydrocarbon adsorber preferably be arranged in first water separator and can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics between.This hydrocarbon adsorber normally has the honeycomb ceramics of special zeolite coating, as illustrated in the prior art of quoting.
Water separator, hydrocarbon but also have general catalytically active coatings under very high temperature, also to be referred to as aging process to damage by people.Because do not depend on the temperature of the exhaust that stream comes,, thereby reduced the danger of part aging so that whole device can be arranged in automobile is interior from the distant place of internal-combustion engine by the ability to work of device of the present invention.If do not allow to do such layout, also can be before first water separator or be located at the hydrocarbon adsorber of its front in case of necessity before establish the device that is used to dispel the heat.It can be the outlet pipe that is designed to heat exchanger under the simplest situation.But also can implement adjustable or can not force cooling by mode.This adopts when especially being provided with No. three common catalysts before by device of the present invention, and the latter further improves delivery temperature by exothermic reaction when load operation.In this case advantageously, before the miscellaneous part of the system of arrival, reduce delivery temperature again.
Also can will be designed and sized to by device of the present invention, make it can under the situation of No. three catalysts that do not have the upstream, bear the whole exhaust gas purification tasks that begin from cold-start phase separately.Certainly enough big volume must be arranged at the honeycomb ceramics that catalytically active coatings is arranged that can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics back in this case, to guarantee the conversion fully when the load operation.The catalytically active coatings that a kind of accelerating oxidation can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics should be arranged at least.Therefore, at this use a kind of preferred device streamwise in field successively comprise water separator, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics, honeycomb ceramics and second water separator and/or the one-way valve in case of necessity of three tunnel coatings of catalytic activity arranged.In addition, this system also can comprise a hydrocarbon adsorber when needed.
Should be pointed out that can adopt multi-form can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics and the honeycomb ceramics parts of catalytically active coatings are arranged.For example, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics can be bearing on the honeycomb ceramics that is positioned at its back or even be combined into a this bigger honeycomb ceramics.There is the honeycomb ceramics of catalytically active coatings also can comprise a plurality of single splits.
By method of the present invention, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics begin heating during the latest from cranking internal combustion engine.In the system that does not have the hydrocarbon adsorber, can before cranking internal combustion engine, just begin heating 1 to 5 second, so that guaranteed complete purifying exhaust gas from the beginning.For example when opening car door, the circuit of starting heating in time when inserting when the driver sits on the operating seat or with ignition key is known.Because the required temperature of beginning catalytic reaction is very low in the honeycomb ceramics of drying, for example 70-80 ℃, so only need the heating time and/or the less thermoelectric (al) power that adds of a weak point.Therefore can aspect the electrically heated honeycomb ceramics size design big degrees of freedom arranged.
Allow to be embodied as when the cold starting by device of the present invention and obtain the needed operating mode of internal-combustion engine advantageous feature by mode especially smoothly.Internal-combustion engine at first can be rich gas mixture work, meanwhile at air intlet input secondary air, until the internal combustion function with stoichiometric oil-gas ratio or even with rare gas mixture operation.Should be pointed out that by device of the present invention and also be suitable in the venting gas appliance of lean-burn engine at the optional feature of cold-start phase as exhaust gas purification.Change stoichiometry into or be lower than the stoichiometry operation from the rich oil operation, preferably according to carrying out, that is when being reached for the required temperature of catalytic conversion, implements by catalyst this transformation for temperature that record or that calculate in designed No. three catalysts of load operation.
When using water separator in vent systems, if do not take addition thereto, saturated situation that the water separator water absorbing capacity reaches capacity and the working method that loses its usefulness may appear.Water separator can set Electric heating appliance in this case, and they are connected when internal combustion engine operation and/or after stopping, with the drying and dehydrating device.
Should be pointed out that for present in use the fuel of sulfur-bearing still, that is the honeycomb ceramics of the coating that absorbs sulphur is arranged for the parts of avoiding damaging or be infected with emission control system also can be established devulcanizer.Before preferably it being contained in the harm parts the most very that are subjected to sulphur, but should be enough far away from motor, in order to avoid the devulcanizer heat damage.Favourable mounting point for example is directly before first water separator of system.
Further specify other advantages of the present invention and details by means of accompanying drawing below, accompanying drawing has been represented two kinds of embodiments, but the invention is not restricted to this embodiment.Wherein:
What a kind of Exhaust gas purifying device of Fig. 1 comprised No. three catalysts and was located at the downstream is used for the cleaning system of cold-start phase by the present invention; And
Fig. 2 is by the device that is used for cold-start phase and load operation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 represents to be used for by the present invention first kind of embodiment's the structure of the device of purifying exhaust gas stream in the mode of signal.The exhaust streamwise S that is discharged by internal-combustion engine 1 flows through exhaust duct 2a, 2b, 2c, 2e, 2f.Air intlet 3 is used for preferably at cold-start phase input secondary air.Be No. three catalysts 4 that impel exhaust gas purification when load operation subsequently, it makes carbon monoxide and oxidizing hydrocarbon and minimizing nitrogen oxide.Then be an exhaust duct segmentation 2b who preferably contains the device 11 of discharging heat Q, be subjected to high temperature ageing with the parts of avoiding the downstream.Be first water separator 5 after this, it is stored in contained whole moisture in exhaust and the secondary air muchly, begins catalytic reaction in the parts in the downstream.Along with the continuation of exhaust duct is extended,, then also can establish a hydrocarbon adsorber 6 if the discharge amount of hydrocarbon should be reduced to a utmost point low value.Be can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics 7 and the honeycomb ceramics 8 that catalytically active coatings is arranged then.Can catalytically active coatings preferably also be arranged electrically heated honeycomb ceramics 7, it impels especially oxidizing carbon monoxide of oxidation at least.There is the honeycomb ceramics 8 of catalytically active coatings to be preferably used for accelerating oxidation.
In the downstream of honeycomb ceramics 8, in vent systems, also can there be second water separator, it prevents that when internal-combustion engine stops moisture is by vent systems outlet intrusion.Additionally or as an alternative, also can be used for reaching this purpose by one-way valve 10.
If exist the possibility that one or two water separator can not bone dry when the internal combustion engine operation based on total situation of emission control system, one or two water separator also can be electrically heated.Under the situation in the load operation stage of implementing the cold-start phase of lacking continually and not having therebetween to grow just above-mentioned possibility can appear sometimes.By this embodiment of the present invention, by the present invention can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics 7 by at least one first water separator 5, one and device of forming by the honeycomb ceramics 8 of catalytically active coatings as the spare system of No. three common catalysts, even with assurance at cold-start phase also purifying exhaust gas effectively.Wherein, can be electrically heated honeycomb ceramics 7 and have the honeycomb ceramics 8 of catalytically active coatings also can constitute an element of construction, and also can to form jointly in case of necessity only be a single honeycomb ceramics that Electric heating appliance is arranged and catalytically active coatings is arranged.Make that by device of the present invention might cancel pre-catalyst also allows No. three catalysts are arranged in from motor place enough far away, makes it no longer to be subjected to high heat load.In addition, the input of secondary air can be implemented at the anywhere of exhaust gas purification parts upstream.
Fig. 2 represents the another kind of embodiment of the present invention,, bears whole exhaust gas purification tasks by device of the present invention here, will it not be arranged near the motor.Even more advantageously this is installed away from motor, thereby make it loaded by high delivery temperature.Press Fig. 2, the exhaust streamwise S of internal-combustion engine 1 flows through exhaust duct 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e.The import 3 of secondary air is positioned at the exhaust duct first segmentation 12a Anywhere.First water separator 5 is stored contained whole moisture in the exhausts, until the downstream can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics 17 and follow the honeycomb ceramics that catalytically active coatings is arranged 18 beginning catalytic conversion in its back.Still can establish second water separator 9 and/or one-way valve 10 at the exhaust duct end, so that when stopping, keep the drying of system.In by the embodiment of Fig. 2, also can contain unillustrated hydrocarbon adsorber among the figure.For for the embodiment of Fig. 2 importantly, the honeycomb ceramics 18 that catalytically active coatings arranged is enough big, so as when load operation the also exhaust gas composition that is harmful to of catalytic conversion fully.That is to say that related is a kind of being arranged in from motor main catalytic converter relatively at a distance, in its provided upstream one honeycomb ceramics of the catalytically active coatings of accelerating oxidation at least can electrically heatedly be arranged preferably here.Certainly also must be provided with the common measuring system that is used to control exhaust gas purification and maneuvering engine.
In these two kinds of embodiments, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics demand working or even connection in advance before several seconds of engine start when engine starting.Especially do not establish under the situation of hydrocarbon adsorber in the upstream, connect and can guarantee just to implement from the beginning exhaust gas purification 1 to 5 second before engine starting.
Purifying exhaust gas satisfies the strictest laws and regulations requirement even if the present invention is specially adapted in the automobile exhaust system at low cost.
Claims (16)
1. the device of cleaning internal combustion engines (1) blast air comprises before and after the flow direction (S) of exhaust with arranging at least:
First water separator (5), can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics (7; 17) and the honeycomb ceramics (8 of the catalytically active coatings of accelerating oxidation at least arranged; 18), wherein, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics (7; 17) and the honeycomb ceramics (8 of catalytically active coatings arranged; 18) also can completely or partially constitute an element of construction.
2. according to the described device of claim 1, wherein, the honeycomb ceramics (8 that catalytically active coatings is being arranged; 18) establish an one-way valve (10) after, be used to prevent invade when internal-combustion engine (1) from stopping moisture.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described devices, wherein, the honeycomb ceramics (8 that catalytically active coatings is being arranged; 18) second water separator (9) is established in the back.
4. according to the described device of one of all claims in prostatitis, wherein, at first water separator (5) provided upstream No. three catalysts (4), it be designed and sized to, the exhaust gas purification when it guarantees internal-combustion engine (1) load operation with remaining part (7,8) binding energy separately or at least.
5. according to the described device of claim 4, wherein, the distance between internal-combustion engine (1) outlet and No. three catalysts (4) is at least 30cm, 80cm at least preferably, and especially No. three catalysts (4) are a kind of catalysts under car.
6. according to the described device of one of all claims in prostatitis, wherein, at internal-combustion engine (1) and first exhaust gas purification parts (4; An air intlet (3) is arranged 5).
7. according to the described device of one of all claims in prostatitis, wherein,, especially establish hydrocarbon adsorber (6) afterwards at first water separator (5) can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics (7) preceding.
8. according to the described device of one of all claims in prostatitis, wherein, at least one is can be electrically heated in the water separator (5,9).
9. according to the described device of claim 1, wherein, it is No. three catalysts that the honeycomb ceramics (18) of catalytically active coatings is arranged, and being designed and sized to of it is enough to guarantee exhaust gas purification when full load.
10. according to the described device of claim 9, wherein, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics (7; 17) be the honeycomb ceramics (8 that catalytically active coatings is arranged; 18) a subregion.
11. according to the described device of claim 9, wherein, can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics (7; 17) be directly arranged in the honeycomb ceramics (8 that catalytically active coatings is arranged; 18) preceding, preferably be bearing in above it.
12., wherein, a device (11) that is used for discharging from blast air heat (Q) arranged in that first water separator (5) is preceding according to the described device of one of all claims in prostatitis.
13. operation is according to the method for one of all claims in prostatitis described device, wherein, and can electrically heated honeycomb ceramics (7; Begin heating during 17) the latest from cranking internal combustion engine (1).
14. in accordance with the method for claim 13, wherein, internal-combustion engine (1) as long as locate also to import secondary air at first with dense rich oil operation at air intlet (3), can move with stoichiometric oil-gas ratio or rare stoichiometric oil-gas ratio that is lower than until internal-combustion engine (1) when cold starting.
15. in accordance with the method for claim 14, wherein, change stoichiometry into or be lower than the stoichiometry operation according to No. three catalysts (4 that designing for load operation from the operation of internal-combustion engine (1) rich oil; 18) Nei temperature is carried out, and has only and just implement this transformation when the temperature that records there or calculate is enough to carry out the catalytic exhaust gas purification.
16. according to claim 13,14 or 15 described methods, wherein, at least the first water separator (5) is can be electrically heated, and at internal-combustion engine (1) run duration and/or at internal-combustion engine parking back heat drying.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19800654.3 | 1998-01-09 | ||
| DE19800654A DE19800654A1 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1998-01-09 | Heated catalyst arrangement with an upstream water trap |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1288395A true CN1288395A (en) | 2001-03-21 |
Family
ID=7854276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99802082A Pending CN1288395A (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1999-01-07 | Heatable catalytic converter arrangement having a water trap located upstream |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1044059A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002510004A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010033964A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1288395A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19800654A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2212929C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999034902A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103079702A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-05-01 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Electrically heated catalyst |
| CN108757119A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-06 | 南京博酝化工科技有限公司 | The device and method of adsorption vehicle tail gas molecular sieve |
| CN109931127A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | The emission-control equipment of internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10000568C2 (en) * | 2000-01-10 | 2003-08-14 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Thermally insulated exhaust gas cleaning system |
| JP3716738B2 (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2005-11-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| DE10205968A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 | 2003-08-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Monitoring operation of engine exhaust water adsorber followed by temperature sensor, assesses functionality from temperature variation following starting |
| DE10247952A1 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-04-29 | Ina-Schaeffler Kg | sliding sleeve |
| US20040094035A1 (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-05-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus to improve catalyzed hydrocarbon trap efficiency |
| EP1961933B1 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2010-04-14 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Catalytically activated diesel particulate filter with ammoniac blocking action |
| DE102009014371A1 (en) | 2009-03-21 | 2010-09-30 | Emico Gmbh | Motor exhaust gas filter, especially for diesel motors, has a leading oxidation filter with an integrated heater in front of the particle filter |
| US9255513B2 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2016-02-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Exhaust air injection |
| CN104279038A (en) * | 2013-07-07 | 2015-01-14 | 烟台南山学院 | Air check valve device for exhaust pipe of automobile |
| DE102013018920A1 (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-13 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | An exhaust aftertreatment device for an internal combustion engine and method for heating an exhaust aftertreatment device |
| US10233817B2 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-03-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for exhaust gas heat recovery |
| US10501337B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2019-12-10 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | System for neutralizing the pH of exhaust condensate |
| JP7047677B2 (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2022-04-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle and vehicle control method |
| DE102019101394A1 (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-23 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the same |
| DE102021203097A1 (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-29 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust aftertreatment method and exhaust aftertreatment system |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5296198A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1994-03-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Heater and catalytic converter |
| GB9511421D0 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1995-08-02 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improvements in emissions control |
-
1998
- 1998-01-09 DE DE19800654A patent/DE19800654A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-01-07 RU RU2000120923/12A patent/RU2212929C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-01-07 EP EP99906104A patent/EP1044059A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-01-07 WO PCT/EP1999/000046 patent/WO1999034902A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-07 JP JP2000527340A patent/JP2002510004A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-01-07 KR KR1020007007549A patent/KR20010033964A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-01-07 CN CN99802082A patent/CN1288395A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103079702A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-05-01 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Electrically heated catalyst |
| CN103079702B (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2015-09-16 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Electric heating type catalyzer |
| CN109931127A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | The emission-control equipment of internal combustion engine |
| CN109931127B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-01-15 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| CN108757119A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-06 | 南京博酝化工科技有限公司 | The device and method of adsorption vehicle tail gas molecular sieve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2212929C2 (en) | 2003-09-27 |
| KR20010033964A (en) | 2001-04-25 |
| JP2002510004A (en) | 2002-04-02 |
| WO1999034902A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
| EP1044059A1 (en) | 2000-10-18 |
| DE19800654A1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
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