CN1287867C - Sterilizing method and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Sterilizing method and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1287867C CN1287867C CNB2003101233975A CN200310123397A CN1287867C CN 1287867 C CN1287867 C CN 1287867C CN B2003101233975 A CNB2003101233975 A CN B2003101233975A CN 200310123397 A CN200310123397 A CN 200310123397A CN 1287867 C CN1287867 C CN 1287867C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- high voltage
- electrode
- discharge
- electricity
- streamer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/14—Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/26—Accessories or devices or components used for biocidal treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2202/11—Apparatus for generating biocidal substances, e.g. vaporisers, UV lamps
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a sterilizing method for certainly sterilizing or inactivating a microorganism included in the gas or liquid flowing at high speed, by generating a pulse streamer electricity discharge in the gas nearby both electrodes by applying high voltage in pulse waveform between the electricity discharging electrode and the corresponding electrode. The sterilizing method sterilizes or inactivates an microorganism existing in an electricity discharging area by generating a streamer discharge of electricity nearby both electrodes by applying a high voltage in a pulse waveform between the electricity discharge electrode and a corresponding electrode. The sterilizer comprises an electricity discharging electrode(3), a corresponding electrode(4), and a high voltage application unit for applying the high voltage in a pulse waveform to generate a streamer discharge of electricity. The high voltage application unit is controlled more than once by a frequency to generate the streamer discharge of electricity within the time when the gas or liquid passes an electricity discharging area(5) at a predetermined speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to kill or inactivation is handled method for disinfection and the sterilizing unit that microorganism is used.
Background technology
Knew a kind of method that prevents microbial reproduction in the past, it is to utilize ion or ozone isoreactivity particle, prevents that the microorganism that exists in the object surfaces that the has problems space that exist or that deposit these objects is bred in microorganism aspect object relevant with diet such as food and ovenware and public health.
For example, in Japanese patent laid-open 9-108313 communique, microbial reproduction preventing method and device have been disclosed, it is that gases such as air are introduced ionization chamber, discharge current when control produces ion and ozone, make its generation contain the low limit ozone of regulation and the ionized gas of high concentration ion, aforementioned ionization chamber or with space that it is communicated with in, perhaps the ionized gas that produces is blown object suddenly, by utilizing ozone and ionic coefficient effect like this, prevent microbial reproduction.
But, microbial reproduction preventing method up to now and device, owing to be as mentioned above as process object with the microorganism that exists in body surface or the parking space, therefore promptly be used in the equipment that gas passes through with very high speed, effect is also very poor, and microorganism does not in most cases come to harm and passes through.Therefore, the problem that need to solve is will kill reliably or inactivation is handled with the gas of high speed circulation even the microorganism in the liquid.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, method for disinfection of the present invention adds the high voltage of impulse waveform between sparking electrode and comparative electrode, makes near generation streamer-discahrge two electrodes, kills or inactivation is handled the microorganism that exists in the region of discharge.
In addition, sterilizing unit of the present invention has sparking electrode and comparative electrode and add the high-tension high voltage bringing device of impulse waveform that its generation streamer-discahrge is used between described electrode.
According to such method for disinfection and sterilizing unit, utilize electronics, ion or the atomic group etc. that disperse in streamer-discahrge zone high speed disperse particle and potential difference etc., can kill or inactivation is handled microorganism.
Preferably, high voltage bringing device controlled frequency, make with fixing speed by near the region of discharge of formation sparking electrode and comparative electrode gas or liquid pass through to produce at least in the time one time streamer-discahrge.By like this, contained whole microorganisms will run into streamer-discahrge one time at least by in during near sparking electrode and the comparative electrode in gas or the liquid, can reliable killing or inactivation handle microorganism.
In addition preferably, make the high voltage bringing device of formation apply the high voltage of minimum pulsewidth.Wherein better is makes the high voltage bringing device of formation apply the high voltage of the following minimum pulsewidth of 1 μ sec and 1 μ sec.By like this, can make the instantaneous rising of voltage, more substantial electronics is dispersed at a high speed, can shorten the voltage application time in addition, reduce the generation of harmful ozone.
In addition preferably, make the high voltage of formation apply the high voltage that means apply the negative pulse waveform.By like this, can generate anion, can supply with the fresh air that contains anion.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the concise and to the point formation cutaway view of the sterilizing unit of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2 shows that from the cutaway view of the sterilizing unit of other direction Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the added first routine high-tension oscillogram in the sterilizing unit of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the added second routine high-tension oscillogram in the sterilizing unit of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the added the 3rd a routine high-tension oscillogram in the sterilizing unit of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the added the 4th a routine high-tension oscillogram in the sterilizing unit of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the added the 5th a routine high-tension oscillogram in the sterilizing unit of Fig. 1.
Used high voltage oscillogram when Fig. 8 is the bactericidal effect of advance copy invention sterilizing unit.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment
Specify embodiments of the invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings.Here, though describe, can handle too for liquid such as water at gases such as air.
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, sterili-sation unit 1 is configured in the circulation path of gases such as air, sparking electrode 3 in the internal configurations multistage wire of housing 2, between each section sparking electrode 3, dispose flat comparative electrode 4 parallel to each other, the region of discharge 5 that forms between each sparking electrode 3 and comparative electrode 4 is continuous mutually, and zone 6 is crossed greater than inflow entrance that utilizes housing 2 openings and the formed air communication of flow export (not shown) in the zone of occupying.7 expressions flow into the last stream that air communication is crossed zone 6, and 8 expressions are crossed zone 6 effusive streams down from air communication.In addition, if sparking electrode 3 electrode that causes discharge such as metal needle-like for example then without any qualification, can both use.
High voltage bringing device 9 constitutes like this, the negative electrode 11 (or ground connection 11) that it has the anelectrode 10 that is connected with sparking electrode 3 and is connected with comparative electrode 4 adds to make it produce the impulse waveform high voltage of streamer-discahrge between sparking electrode 3 and comparative electrode 4.Can adopt following circuit as this high voltage bringing device 9, for example in voltage-multiplying circuit, dispose IGBT (Insulated Gate BipolarTransistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) switch means such as, generate the voltage of desirable impulse waveform and high frequency, the reuse high-tension transformer boosts.But, if can apply the high voltage of desired institute's impulse waveform and frequency, then being not limited to this, can both use.
The following describes the effect of above-mentioned formation.
Utilize high voltage bringing device 9, between sparking electrode 3 and comparative electrode 4, add the high voltage of the impulse waveform of regulation, by producing streamer-discahrges (below be called the stream of pulses light discharge) at region of discharge 5 like this
The genesis mechanism of stream of pulses light discharge is, the place ahead at the electronics of emitting from sparking electrode 3, produce the ionization of neutral molecule, the charge pattern snowslide is emitted like that, this electron avalanche causes that again ensuing new electron avalanche is such, cause electron avalanche in rapid succession, merging is got up and is carried out at a high speed, and the major part of discharge current is formed by electronics.
At this moment,, therefore, then produce electron avalanche, produce a large amount of ions and photon if added high voltage is enough big because near the nearest sparking electrode 3 between sparking electrode 3 and the comparative electrode 4, electric field is significantly concentrated.
In addition, at this moment since with the sparking electrode 3 of wire as anelectrode, therefore near sparking electrode 3, a large amount of photons is emitted to all directions, the photon of emitting is absorbed by near the neutral molecule it, constantly produce ionization, produce electron avalanche in a large number, meanwhile in the cation that produces, form plasma column towards the direction of sparking electrode 3.
Front end in this plasma column, cation high density towards comparative electrode 3 (i.e. the electrode that is connected with negative electrode or ground connection) is concentrated, except the electric field that causes is therefrom concentrated, owing between the space charge of these cations and electron avalanche group's space charge, form strong especially electric field, so promoted that more the front end of plasma column is luminous.
Owing to cause such stream of pulses light discharge at region of discharge 5, therefore if contain microorganism in the last stream 7 of inflow region of discharge 5, then utilize electronics that the particles that disperse such as a large amount of electronics that disperse in region of discharge 5 high speeds promptly emit from sparking electrode 3, gas molecule (neutral molecule), the electronics that produces by it, cation, atomic group etc. and potential difference etc., the protein of destroy microorganisms outer wall etc. etc., or make DNA or RNA damage, and kill or inactivation processing microorganism.
The high voltage that should add is the high voltage that can produce the stream of pulses light discharge, because of sparking electrode 3 different with the gap length of comparative electrode 4, when for example the gap of sparking electrode 3 and comparative electrode 4 is about 10mm, need the above impulse waveform high voltage of about 7kV, and the gap then needs the above impulse waveform high voltage of about 6kV when being about 8mm.It is purpose and general added pulse-shaped voltage that this magnitude of voltage is higher than in air-conditioner etc. with the control of dust.
In order to kill reliably or inactivation processing microorganism, be very important by the air velocity of region of discharge 5 and the relation of high voltage pulse frequency.Needed frequency is, the microorganism in the air-flow (in other words be in the air-flow more arbitrarily) during by region of discharge 5 in, can produce the pulsatile once streamer-discahrge at least.
For example under the situation of air-conditioner, owing to be about 1m/s by the air velocity of indoor set, when therefore the width of crossing the region of discharge 5 of direction in air communication was about 10mm, the microorganism in the air-flow was passed through region of discharge 5 with about 10msec.Thereby, by adding high voltage, then can make microorganism run into the pulsatile once streamer-discahrge at least by region of discharge 5 with about 100Hz.
In order to kill reliably or inactivation is handled microorganism by region of discharge 5, as long as add about several times～tens times of about 100Hz of said frequencies, be the high-frequency high-voltage of hundreds of～several thousand Hz.Conversely speaking, by adding such high-frequency high-voltage, at air-flow with very high speed during by region of discharge 5, also can kill reliably or the inactivation flow of process air in microorganism.Not microorganism in the air-flow, and, do not needing such high frequency on the body surface or the microorganism that exists in the parking space during as process object.
Have again, adopt minimum pulsewidth, can make the instantaneous rising of voltage, thereby more substantial electronics disperses at a high speed in region of discharge 8, can shorten the voltage application time in addition, reduce the generation of the deleterious ozone of body is arranged by making pulsewidth.Wish that pulsewidth is more as far as possible little,, particularly below the 1 μ sec, can access the good sterilization effect by adopting below a few μ sec.
In addition,, can generate anion, can supply with the fresh air that contains anion, provide to make easily comfortable atmosphere of people as following stream 8 at region of discharge 5 by adding the high voltage of negative pulse waveform.
Fig. 3～Figure 4 shows that high voltage waveform that can use.
Figure 3 shows that impulse waveform first example of sine wave or waveform.In this first example, be repetition first pulse, crest voltage second pulse and crest voltage again than second pulse low three pulse lower than first pulse.
Figure 4 shows that second example of impulse waveform.This second example only is the positive pulse waveform, and does not have minus component.About pulsewidth and magnitude of voltage, then identical with first example.
Figure 5 shows that the 3rd example of impulse waveform.The 3rd example only is the negative pulse waveform, and does not have positive component.About pulsewidth and magnitude of voltage, then identical with first example.
Figure 6 shows that the 4th example of impulse waveform.The 4th example is only to repeat the single positive pulse waveform of minimum pulsewidth, does not have minus component.
Figure 7 shows that the 5th example of impulse waveform.The 5th example is only to repeat the single negative pulse waveform of minimum pulsewidth, does not have positive component.
In these first examples～the 5th example, the rising edge of voltage waveform is the earthing potential that leaves benchmark gradually, peak value near plus or minus, and trailing edge is the earthing potential that moves closer to benchmark from the peak value of plus or minus, form the impulse waveform of such shape, but compare with first example～the 5th example, at the rising edge of voltage waveform is that more promptly trailing edge is more promptly under the situation near this rectangular pulse waveform of the earthing potential of benchmark, also can expect to obtain same effect from the peak value of plus or minus near the peak value of plus or minus from the earthing potential of benchmark.
(evaluation)
Pass through fixedly exposure test and once pass through test with following high voltage pulse condition, the bactericidal effect that utilizes sterilizing unit of the present invention is estimated.Each test confirms that all blank assay does not change basically before processing and after handling, survival rate is about 100%.
(high voltage pulse condition)
A) voltage is 5kV, and frequency is 2kHz (pps), and pulsewidth is 1 μ sec.
B) voltage is 8kV, and frequency is 2kHz (pps), and pulsewidth is 1 μ sec.
C) voltage is 8kV, and frequency is 2kHz (pps), and pulsewidth is 20 μ sec.
The waveform of condition A, B, C is respectively the waveform shown in Fig. 8 (a) and (b), (c), is the impulse waveform identical with Fig. 3.
(fixedly exposure test)
To be arranged on container (in 180 * 80 * 40mm) with the identical sterili-sation unit (thick 40mm) of Figure 1 and Figure 2, in the gap (10mm) of the sparking electrode and the comparative electrode of this sterili-sation unit, place microorganism sample successively, be exposed to 30 seconds under the high voltage of above-mentioned each high voltage pulse condition.Each microorganism sample is that commercially available bacillus suspension is respectively taked the equivalent suspension after natural drying forms at third rare print (8 * 8) of producing.The bacillus of each microorganism sample after the high voltage pulse processing is recovered among the Tween80, and each cultivates (37 ℃ 24h), are counted clump count with the agar culture medium of equivalent.The count value that obtains divided by the microbiological test after the processing of high voltage pulse condition A～C with the count value that obtains from blank assay is as survival rate (%).The result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Condition | Output voltage | Frequency | Pulsewidth | Survival rate |
| A | 5kV | 2kHz(pps) | 1μsec | 103(％) |
| B | 8kV | 2kHz(pps) | 1μsec | 38(％) |
| C | 8kV | 2kHz(pps) | 20μsec | 66(％) |
(once by test)
To be arranged on container (in the circulation path in 180 * 80 * 600mm) with the identical sterili-sation unit (thick 40mm) of Figure 1 and Figure 2 with fan, one side makes the speed circulation of the interior air of container with about 1m/s, one side is near its suction inlet, make as mould the dispersing of casting skin of testing microorganism with brush, be included in the air flow, add the high voltage of above-mentioned each high voltage pulse condition, the upstream side (before handling) of sterili-sation unit and the air of downstream side (handling the back) are taken into air sampler respectively, take casting skin mould the agar culture medium that is provided with in the air sampler.Cultivate (25 ℃ 168h), are counted clump count with agar culture medium same as before with the casting skin of taking is mould.The value that the value that obtains with the test after handle obtains divided by the test before handle is as survival rate (%).The result is as shown in table 2.A for there not being effect in the fixing exposure test does not experimentize.
Table 2
| Condition | Output voltage | Frequency | Pulsewidth | Survival rate |
| A | 5kV | 2kHz(pps) | 1μsec | |
| B | 8kV | 2kHz(pps) | 1μsec | 41(％) |
| C | 8kV | 2kHz(pps) | 20μsec | 94(％) |
According to table 1 and table 2 as can be known, use output voltage 5kV, can not get bactericidal effect, and mutually anticaustic output voltage 8kV can obtain big bactericidal effect, under the situation of output voltage certain (8kV), pulsewidth is more little in addition, and then bactericidal effect is big more.
As mentioned above,,, make to produce the stream of pulses light discharge near two electrodes the gas, can kill or inactivation is handled the microorganism that is contained in the aforementioned gas by between sparking electrode and comparative electrode, adding the impulse waveform high voltage according to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for disinfection is characterized in that,
Between sparking electrode and comparative electrode, add the impulse waveform high voltage, make near generation streamer-discahrge two electrodes, kill or inactivation is handled the microorganism that exists in the region of discharge.
2. a sterilizing unit is characterized in that,
Having sparking electrode (3) and comparative electrode (4) and adding between described electrode (3) (4) makes it produce the high-tension high voltage bringing device of impulse waveform (9) that streamer-discahrge is used.
3. sterilizing unit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
High voltage bringing device (9) controlled frequency, make with fixing speed by near the region of discharge (5) of formation sparking electrode (3) and comparative electrode (4) gas or liquid pass through to produce at least in the time one time streamer-discahrge.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described sterilizing units, it is characterized in that,
Make the high voltage bringing device (9) of formation apply the high voltage of pulsewidth smaller or equal to the minimum pulsewidth of 20 μ sec.
5. sterilizing unit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Make the high voltage bringing device (9) of formation apply the high voltage of the following minimum pulsewidth of 1 μ sec and 1 μ sec.
6. sterilizing unit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Make the high voltage bringing device (9) of formation apply the high voltage of negative pulse waveform.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002367417 | 2002-12-19 | ||
| JP2002367417A JP2004194930A (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | Sterilization method and sterilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1507921A CN1507921A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| CN1287867C true CN1287867C (en) | 2006-12-06 |
Family
ID=32764308
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101233975A Expired - Fee Related CN1287867C (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Sterilizing method and apparatus thereof |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2004194930A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20040054561A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1287867C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006101912A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-20 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Active species releasing device and air treatment device |
| JP2007229319A (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-09-13 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | Sterilizing device |
| KR100695800B1 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2007-03-16 | 허관용 | sterilizing method by appling a shifting voltage and apparatus thereof |
| CN101147613B (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2011-05-18 | 东北农业大学 | High-pressure pulse electric sterilization process device for liquid food |
| JP2009283420A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-03 | Kumamoto Univ | Liquid streamer-like discharge generator |
| JP5706655B2 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2015-04-22 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Medical equipment cleaning equipment |
| CA3034631A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | Somnio Global Holdings, Llc | Free radical generation device and methods thereof |
| KR101954690B1 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-05-17 | 탁효성 | Sterilizer for medical appliances or processed food |
| CN112426554A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-02 | 重庆城市管理职业学院 | Air sterilizing device and air sterilizing method |
-
2002
- 2002-12-19 JP JP2002367417A patent/JP2004194930A/en active Pending
-
2003
- 2003-12-18 KR KR1020030092964A patent/KR20040054561A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-19 CN CNB2003101233975A patent/CN1287867C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1507921A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| KR20040054561A (en) | 2004-06-25 |
| JP2004194930A (en) | 2004-07-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101433955B1 (en) | Apparatus for air purification and disinfection | |
| CN1212864C (en) | Electric apparatus with reinforced antimicrobial capability | |
| KR101925847B1 (en) | Adhesive filter for removing fine dust | |
| US5053912A (en) | Air transporting arrangement | |
| KR101925848B1 (en) | Fine dust remover using negative and positive ionized charge | |
| CN1287867C (en) | Sterilizing method and apparatus thereof | |
| CN1364100A (en) | Dust collecting apparatus and air-conditioning apparatus | |
| KR100518387B1 (en) | Negative ion operating device for ac | |
| KR20200067380A (en) | Air purifier using automatically irradiatable x-rays | |
| KR101925846B1 (en) | Fine dust remover using string electric field | |
| KR101355187B1 (en) | Plasma module using air cleaning apparatus and plasma module manufacturing method | |
| CN1273198C (en) | Purifying method and device | |
| JP5707094B2 (en) | Sterilization / inactivation apparatus and air purification apparatus using the same | |
| KR100710494B1 (en) | Electric dust collector using X-ray irradiation | |
| JP4075869B2 (en) | Purification device | |
| KR100518469B1 (en) | Negative ion operating device for dc | |
| KR20200067388A (en) | Air purifier using x-rays | |
| JP3142204U (en) | Flow path arrangement of indoor air treatment machine | |
| JP2005168533A (en) | Purification method and purifier | |
| JP2005168534A (en) | Purification method and purifier | |
| JP2005164176A (en) | Purification method and purification device | |
| Botvinnik et al. | High-efficiency portable electrostatic air cleaner with insulated electrodes (January 2007) | |
| WO2014092668A1 (en) | Electric air sterilizer | |
| RU2803470C1 (en) | Method of disinfecting objects | |
| JP2009216379A (en) | Separate-type air conditioner |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |