CN1285492A - Cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology - Google Patents
Cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1285492A CN1285492A CN 99112378 CN99112378A CN1285492A CN 1285492 A CN1285492 A CN 1285492A CN 99112378 CN99112378 CN 99112378 CN 99112378 A CN99112378 A CN 99112378A CN 1285492 A CN1285492 A CN 1285492A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a cold-power lithium bromide absorption type refringeration heat pump process implemented in vacuum closecd circulation system, and is characterized by that the concentration of its refrigeration working medium lithium bromide solution is not greater than 55%, it utilizes cold power driving chemical compressor to implement the following processes: after the water vapour is absorbed by tithium bromide solution, its weak solution is cooled and evaporated, and the water vapour obtained by evaporation is directly fed into absorption stage, and the absorption liquor obtained by evaporation is heat-exchanged, the fed into absorption stage to form circulation. The above-mentioned process is implemented under the condition of vacuum stale, its absorption mode is gas-liquid two-phase flow form, and its evaporation is flash one. Said invention can simplify structure and reduce cost, if the concentration of lithium bromide is 10-45%, said invented process netonly can implement heating and refrigeration, but also can make ice production.
Description
The present invention is a kind of to be the cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology of realizing in the vacuum sealing circulatory system.
The circulation of normal at present use lithium bromide absorption type heat pump refrigeration process, it uses the lithium-bromide solution of 54-60%, and its technical process is shown in Figure of description 1.By this figure as can be seen, existing lithium bromide suction type refrigerating technology need be through evaporation, absorption, generation and the condensation four-stage in the vacuum environment, and by the heat power support, be that above-mentioned stage of development need be finished by fuel oil or other heat energy, so its operation meeting pollute environment.Above-mentioned condensation process can only be finished by water-cooled, and this also is the problem that needs solve under the situation of current shortage of water resources; A kind of approach that addresses this problem is to use air-cooled, but absorbs wretched insufficiency because the temperature of wet monsoon up to 45 ℃, makes in the existing lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration circulation, and refrigeration can not normally be carried out.And on said process, lithium-bromide solution and cold-producing medium will circulate respectively, thereby its equipment is comparatively complicated, cost is higher, and operating cost is also higher.In addition, utilize existing lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration can't carry out ice making.In the prior art, often use fluorine Lyons etc. to make cold-producing medium for realizing the ice making people, but well-known, there is great infringement in fluorine Lyons to ozone layer, and its can have great threat to human existence, thereby bans all over the world.For addressing this problem, adopt the mixed liquor of methyl alcohol and lithium-bromide solution to make absorbent sometimes, its kind of refrigeration cycle can realize refrigeration, can also realize ice making by ice crystal liquid, but its refrigeration and ice making are two autonomous system cyclic processes, need two complete equipments to finish.And the viscosity of methyl alcohol is bigger, makes the poor stability of equipment operation.
The objective of the invention is to: disclose the cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology that a kind of, energy savings good with cold powered, environment protecting and technological process are simple, can reduce equipment cost and equipment operating cost.
The concentration of refrigeration working medium lithium-bromide solution used in the present invention is not higher than 55%, it finishes following process by cold powered chemical formula compressor: after lithium-bromide solution absorbs water vapour, its weak solution is evaporated after cooling, the water vapour of evaporation gained directly enters the absorption stage, and the absorption liquid of evaporation gained enters absorption stage formation circulation after heat exchange; Said process carries out under vacuum state, and absorption pattern wherein is the gas-liquid two-phase flow form, and it is evaporated to flash evaporation.
Bromize lithium dilute solution before the evaporation stage possesses the thermal characteristics that attitude can take place in the present invention, and it participates in refrigeration with the water system refrigeration working medium, and this point and traditional lithium bromide suction type refrigerating technology are distinct.In process cycles, lithium-bromide solution is by the throttling on the evaporation equipment---and the nozzle system enters evaporation equipment.Under the effect of nozzle, the vaporific drop of lithium-bromide solution atomizing becoming dispersion, because solution has significant pressure to fall before and after nozzle, flash evaporation takes place in atomizing, the part cold-producing medium is absorbed heat by gasification, solution then temperature reduces, and its concentration also changes, and becomes concentrated solution from weak solution.Not have the cold-producing medium that evaporates and the lithium-bromide solution heat exchanger tube of under the effect of pump, flowing through through nozzle, enter the absorption stage.Through evaporation process, the part cold-producing medium exists with gaseous state, and they can be by being pumped into the absorption stage, but because water vapor pressure greater than the air pressure in the absorber, needn't use pump, water vapour can enter absorption equipment under pressure promotes.
The water vapour that comes from evaporation equipment enters the space that absorption equipment is full of absorption equipment continuously with high-speed motion.Promote to enter the dense lithium-bromide solution of absorption equipment by pump, also through the atomizing of the nozzle in the absorption equipment, the diameter of its droplet is adhered to specification, pour in the continuous water vapour with higher speed, lithium bromide drop and water vapour are finished the mass transport process that two-phase flow absorbs efficiently in the two-phase flow motion, dense absorption liquid becomes rare absorption liquid, and temperature also increases, and weak solution is transferred to by pump and enters cooling outside the absorption equipment.Enter evaporation equipment once more through the lithium-bromide solution of supercooling and enter circulation.
Absorption of the present invention and evaporation process can be finished by existing lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration equipment.
From technical process of the present invention as can be seen, changed the endless form of cold-producing medium and absorbent in the past in the present invention, made the lithium-bromide solution of water system refrigeration working medium participate in the whole process of circulation.In addition, compare with the lithium bromide absorption technique of existing closed circulation, two processes of generation and condensation have been removed among the present invention, it utilizes the operation of cold powered whole process, thereby it can make the structure of refrigeration air-conditioner simplify greatly, reduce equipment cost and its operating cost, it has also removed generating process simultaneously to the factor that environment pollutes, and makes the present invention have environmental protection characteristic.
Operation of the present invention mainly utilizes cold powered pump to make realization, and cold power wherein can adopt electric energy, also can adopt the water conservancy energy etc., refrigeration air-conditioner is waited under the condition in the open air also can use.
Carry out when utilizing technical process of the present invention that heat pump heats and when freezing, the concentration of refrigeration working medium lithium-bromide solution wherein can be selected numerical value commonly used in the present equipment, i.e. 54-60% for use.But, if working concentration is the lithium-bromide solution of 10-45%, utilize technical process of the present invention not only can realize heating and freezing, can also realize ice making.This point can draw according to the temperature curve analysis of lithium-bromide solution.Fig. 2 of accompanying drawing has provided the solubility curve of lithium bromide in the present invention's explanation, by this curve as can be known, when the concentration of lithium-bromide solution greatly about 55% when following, its temperature can still can worked below 0 ℃, that is to say to utilize the lower lithium-bromide solution of concentration can carry out ice making.
Can also control the evaporation back by the control flow velocity in the present invention and generate the mixed liquor that absorption liquid becomes lithium-bromide solution and binary ice, i.e. lithium bromide ice crystal liquid.Because the heat that ice absorbed of equivalent is much higher than general salting liquid, thereby can improve the volume energy of ice making capacity of the present invention and binary ice cold-producing medium greatly by ice crystal liquid.
For improving the performance of absorption liquid, can also in lithium-bromide solution, add and not be higher than other water system absorption working medium of 6%, as lithium chloride, lithium iodide, zinc bromide etc.
In addition, the type of cooling of Shi Yonging both can be water-cooled in the present invention, also can be air-cooled.If use air-cooled then can make refrigeration or air-conditioning reduces greatly to the influence of surrounding environment.
Utilize said refrigeration of the present invention and ice making technology to release its heat pump easily and heat technical process, that is: under air-cooled condition, absorption liquid forms rare lithium-bromide solution after absorbing water vapour, after heat exchange, enter evaporation stage again, they generate water vapour and dense absorption liquid through evaporation, lithium bromide ice crystal liquid is wherein got back to the absorption stage with water vapour after air-cooled, said process carries out under vacuum state.
In addition, make in the operating process, between each link of technology, all can use pump, but consider from angle effectively and cheaply can be only above-mentioned technical process, between evaporation and heat exchange stage and be separately installed with pump between absorption and the cooling stage concrete.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the process chart of existing vacuum freezing circulation;
Fig. 2 is the lithium bromide solubility curve;
Fig. 3 is the process chart of refrigeration of the present invention and ice making;
Fig. 4 heats process chart for heat pump of the present invention;
Fig. 5 has the apparatus sketch of built-in heat exchange coil for the present invention;
Fig. 6 has the apparatus sketch of extraposition list cooler for the present invention;
Wherein, 1-cooling device, 2-pump, 3-evaporation equipment, 4-absorption equipment, 5-lithium-bromide solution, 6-heat exchange coil, 7-pump, 8-vavuum pump, 9-surface cooler.
Embodiment one:
Present embodiment is that the concentration of refrigeration working medium lithium-bromide solution is the refrigeration under 55% situation, the technical process that heat pump heats.Each process all is because the running and then the promotion of electric energy drive pump are finished.
The process of refrigerastion of present embodiment and equipment flowsheet are respectively as Fig. 3, Fig. 5 or shown in Figure 6.Technical process of the present invention comprises the circulation that throttling, evaporation, heat exchange, absorption and cooling several stages constitute, and this circulation is finished under vacuum state, and its detailed process is as follows: rare low temperature lithium-bromide solution is at pump P
2Effect under enter evaporation equipment 3 through throttling, the time formed vaporific water vapour and denseer low temperature lithium-bromide solution entering evaporation.Because the pressure of water vapour is bigger, they directly enter absorption equipment 4 and are full of its space.The dense lithium-bromide solution that evaporation forms is at pump P
1Effect down through entering absorption equipment 4 after heat exchange coil 6 or surface cooler 9 heat absorptions, after heat exchange, lithium-bromide solution is the lithium-bromide solution of dense higher temperature.The lithium-bromide solution dense in the absorption stage absorbs formation rare, hot lithium-bromide solution 5 because pump P to water vapour
2Effect enters cooling device 1 and carries out water-cooled or wind cooling temperature lowering, and then gets back to evaporation equipment 3 by choke valve and evaporate and finish a circulation.
Basic adjusted several valves in present embodiment refrigeration process process promptly constitutes its heat pump and heats circulation.The technical process that the present embodiment heat pump heats as shown in Figure 4.In heating circulation, rare low temperature lithium-bromide solution is at pump P
2Effect under enter evaporation equipment 3 through throttling, evaporation therein forms water vapour and dense low temperature lithium-bromide solution.Water vapour directly enters absorption equipment 4, and dense low temperature lithium-bromide solution enters cooling device 1 absorption heat under the effect of pump P1, becomes the lithium-bromide solution of dense higher temperature, enters the absorption stage then, and the high temperature bromize lithium dilute solution that absorbs back formation is at pump P
2Effect under through heat exchange coil 6 or surface cooler 9 heat exchange, release heat, and then enter evaporation stage through throttling process.Valve F in Fig. 4
1, F
4, F
5Close, and valve F
2, F
3, F
6, F
7, F
8Open.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiment is that the concentration of refrigeration working medium lithium-bromide solution is the technical process under 30% the situation.
The refrigeration of present embodiment, heat pump heat technical process and embodiment one is basic identical, and different is, and what to form at evaporation stage is the ice crystal liquid of water vapour and lithium bromide.
Present embodiment is finished under vacuum state, and it returns evaporation again and constitutes circulation after pervaporation, absorption, cooling.The cold-producing medium that at first enters evaporation stage is rare lithium-bromide solution of water system refrigeration working medium, they be under the promotion of the pump that is worked by electricity by evaporation equipment 3 throttling---the nozzle system enters, after the nozzle atomizing, form the vaporific drop of lithium bromide, because solution has significant pressure drop before and after nozzle, flash evaporation takes place in atomizing, the part cold-producing medium is absorbed heat by gasification, and the rest solution temperature reduces, and concentration increases.Because flash evaporation has produced a large amount of water vapours, it directly enters absorption equipment 4 under the effect of air pressure, and take away the latent heat of a large amount of gasifications, the part cold-producing medium becomes the solid phase ice crystal from liquid phase in the solution, ice crystal liquid and lithium-bromide solution constitute lithium bromide ice crystal liquid, generally between 0.1-1mm, its shared percentage in solution is called ice crystal pack completeness (IPF value) to the size of its crystal ice granule.Because the existence of flash evaporation and ice crystal liquid, make evaporation equipment 3 can be refrigeration or air-conditioning system low-temperature receiver below 0 ℃ is provided.The process nozzle does not have cold-producing medium and the lithium-bromide solution and the ice crystal liquid formation lithium bromide ice crystal liquid of evaporation, makes ice crystal liquid have stability and flowability, can guarantee the normal operation of equipment.The heat exchange coil 6 in lithium bromide ice crystal liquid and the evaporation equipment 3 or the surface cooler 9 of evaporation equipment 3 external equipment carry out heat exchange, the heat that absorption system is outer, and solution heats up, and ice crystal melts, and enters absorption equipment 4 by nozzle under the promotion of pump P1.In absorption equipment 4, dense lithium-bromide solution atomizes behind nozzle becomes the higher lithium bromide drop of concentration, they pour in the water vapour that enters continuously with higher speed, drop and water vapour are finished the absorption mass transport process efficiently in the two-phase flow motion, dense absorption liquid becomes rare absorption liquid 5, its temperature also increases, weak solution enters cooling device 1 release heat under the effect of pump P2, the bromize lithium dilute solution through cooling off enters evaporation equipment 3 through throttling once more and enters evaporation and form circulation.Present embodiment is mainly to be owing to the effect of the pump that is driven by electric energy is carried out, simultaneously, the mass transfer force the when air pressure that is produced during evaporation is absorption, the auxiliary power that provides of technical process is provided for it.
In addition, lithium-bromide solution concentration technical process of the present invention when 10-45% is identical, but its used parameter difference, its technical process and equipment situation are repeated no more here, but the lithium-bromide solution that has provided variable concentrations in the tabulation is done the operational factor that absorption liquid or it and other water system absorbent are made absorption liquid.They both can use air-cooled, also can use water-cooled, had also listed the parameter value of the air-cooled and water-cooled that minimum temperature needed respectively of the refrigerating capacity that reaches certain and ice making in the table.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology, it is characterized in that: the concentration of refrigeration working medium lithium bromide is not higher than 55%, it finishes following process by cold powered formula compressor: lithium-bromide solution becomes weak solution after absorbing water vapour, after cooling, evaporate again, the water vapour of evaporation gained directly enters the absorption stage, and the absorption liquid of evaporation gained enters absorption stage formation circulation after heat exchange; Said process carries out under vacuum state, and absorption pattern wherein is the gas-liquid two-phase flow form, and it is evaporated to flash evaporation.
2, cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said cold power is electric energy.
3, cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the concentration of refrigeration working medium lithium-bromide solution wherein is 10-45%.
4, cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the absorption liquid that generates after evaporating is the mixed liquor of lithium-bromide solution and binary ice.
5, cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: have not to be higher than other water system absorption working medium of 6% in absorption liquid.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technologies, it is characterized in that: the said type of cooling is a water-cooled.
7, according to the cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology of claim described 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the said type of cooling is air-cooled.
8, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technologies, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned technical process, the evaporation and the heat exchange stage between and promote by pump respectively between absorption and the cooling stage.
9, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5 described cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technologies, it is characterized in that: in that it heats technical process and is under the air-cooled situation: form rare lithium-bromide solution after lithium-bromide solution absorbs water vapour, enter evaporation stage through heat exchange again, generate water vapour and absorption liquid through evaporation, absorption liquid is wherein got back to the absorption stage with water vapour after air-cooled heat exchange, said process carries out under vacuum state.
10, cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in above-mentioned technical process, the evaporation and the heat exchange stage between and promote by pump respectively between absorption and the cooling stage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99112378 CN1285492A (en) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99112378 CN1285492A (en) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology |
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| CN1285492A true CN1285492A (en) | 2001-02-28 |
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| CN 99112378 Pending CN1285492A (en) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Cold power lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump technology |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212343A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-12 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of lithium bromide absorption cycle working fluid |
| CN103512269A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-15 | 昆山市周市溴化锂溶液厂 | Lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine with flash vessel |
| CN111690380A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-22 | 昊姆（上海）节能科技有限公司 | Circulating working medium for phase-change heat exchanger and application thereof |
-
1999
- 1999-08-18 CN CN 99112378 patent/CN1285492A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212343A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-12 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of lithium bromide absorption cycle working fluid |
| CN103512269A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-15 | 昆山市周市溴化锂溶液厂 | Lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine with flash vessel |
| CN111690380A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-22 | 昊姆（上海）节能科技有限公司 | Circulating working medium for phase-change heat exchanger and application thereof |
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