CN1284692A

CN1284692A - Forset and glassland fire early warning system

Info

Publication number: CN1284692A
Application number: CN 99111451
Authority: CN
Inventors: 强祖基; 强军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-08-13
Filing date: 1999-08-13
Publication date: 2001-02-21

Abstract

The satellite alarm system for forest and grassland fire includes infrared scanning instrument on satellite as well as satellite receiving equipment and image processing equipment. It operates through processing infrared satellite cloud picture and is suitable for use in different season and different latitude. It can extract fire information and provide the time and site of forest and grassland fire by eliminating various interference signals, such as temperature change caused by earth's air mass, topography factors and weather factors.

Description

Forset and glassland fire early warning system

The present invention relates to a kind of satellite thermal infrared technology Forset and glassland fire early warning system, just do the Forset and glassland fire prediction with satellite thermal infrared temperature anomaly, exactly is the method for early warning of doing Forset and glassland fire.The invention belongs to remote sensing or geophysics field.

The Forset and glassland fire early warning is world today's a great problem, all is in the exploratory stage both at home and abroad, and many decades is made slow progress.This mainly is because people also lack due to the correct understanding for the cause of Forset and glassland fire, for example think that having set up the structure structure of protecting a forest, being equipped with the forester is exactly unique feasible countermeasure, therefore can only accomplish regularly the forest zone to be maked an inspection tour or monitoring on duty, wait warning, the function of mechanism of protecting a forest in a word generally all focuses on the emergency disposal measure after the breaking out of fire, in addition, also have only on the general up to now textbook and introduce or mention the general knowledge of protecting a forest, for example forest fire protection is its main contents, that is to say the problem that at all is unaware of the Forset and glassland fire early warning.The original earth is to be made of liquid and rock.Earth interior has 4 air rings, adds an extraterrestrial air sphere, and these 5 air rings are moving mutually, and is stressed in fire wide geographic area rock stratum before Forset and glassland fire takes place, and microfissure occurs, and causes a large amount of exhausts of the earth, from the CH of deep Earth ₄, CO ₂, CO, H ₂, H ⁺, He, H ₂Gases such as O overflow, and can cause the intensification of earth interface.The inventor engages in earthquake prediction work for a long time, particularly creatively propose to do earthquake prediction and obtained unprecedented success with the satellite thermal infrared technology, many parts of Chinese patent application have successively been proposed simultaneously, for example 90101272.6 (this patent is in the 92.07.01 mandates), 97100774.8 and 99102754.X (this patent has been applied for United States Patent (USP) 09/305,664 and the special 11-168070 of Yuanping City of Jap.P.), on this basis, begin to test in October, 1998, regional scavenging action before the Forset and glassland fire is obtained new evidence, confirm that Forset and glassland fire is a kind of disaster, particularly extensive forest is simultaneously on fire must not be considered as simply because one or two people forget the result that puts out a fire kind or deliberately set on fire and form accidentally from the forest zone time, from then on this difficult problem of Forset and glassland fire early warning a brand-brand-new way and method have been started, promptly mainly be to utilize the U.S. promise Ah polar-orbiting satellite that is loaded with the infrared band scanner, Japan's sunflower stationary satellite and Chinese wind and cloud 1, No. 2 satellite is observed, wherein polar-orbiting satellite scan area is that a track is wide 2800 kilometers, length can reach thousands of kilometers, and but stationary satellite one width of cloth weather chart area coverage reaches 6000 * 10000 square kilometres, and this satellite scanning image just can obtain in 1 hour.Wherein NOAA can be surveyed bright temperature temperature, and the sunflower satellite is same, the former temperature (bright temperature) resolution is up to 0.5K, and the latter's temporal resolution height, the bright temperature temperature anomaly that therefore will record changes and the contrast quantitative Analysis of carrying out temperature anomaly with time absolute temperature, just can promptly and accurately grasp the Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of ground, water surface temperature.Owing to provide thermal infrared data to have accurately and reliably via satellite, broad covered area, contain much information and advantage such as transmission speed is fast, make the success ratio of this technology early warning Forset and glassland fire that breakthrough raising be arranged, in other words, this patent drops into current satellite remote sensing thermal infrared technology to earth observation, by Geographic Information System and computer run, bulk information is gathered for people analyzes use, capture the sudden abnormal temperature raising on the earth and the formed earth of the atmosphere coupling interface, this phenomenon is different from general weather abnormal temperature raising, but treats as the omen of Forset and glassland fire.

The technical measures of implementing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and adopting are as described below: to the color density slicing class of satellite thermal infrared cloud atlas, its color class can all be suitable for Various Seasonal, different latitude area, is easy to capture satellite thermal infrared abnormal temperature raising omen.Wherein the color class is that bright temperature class can be between 0.5 ° of K to 5 ° of K, for example separate on bright temperature stepping with N10 ° to 35 ° to the north of in the of N40 °, every class temperature value is 2 ° to 3 ° K, then use 1 ° of K stepping to the north of in the of N40 °, and under the line area (Indonesia and other places) and in the arctic regions (ground such as New Zealand, Iceland) every class temperature value is respectively 0.5 ° of K to 5 ° of K.And summer with can adopt different bright temperature stepping class winter.Scanner gained gray-scale value can be proofreaied and correct through Atmospheric models and obtain actual temperature value, and according to the various places actual conditions, takes to add and subtract the conversion of 1 ° of K.It is stressed to distinguish lithosphere according to gentle form of landform, that causes that the exhaust in earth phenomenon causes heats and lowers the temperature still that meteorological process heats and lowers the temperature, exclude the interfere information that landform, weather conditions cause, for example whether cross over the different terrain geomorphic unit in 12 to 18 o'clock every days (universal time) according to the thermal anomaly form, if be the Forset and glassland fire omen then, otherwise be exactly due to the weather.

Verified by the forest fire that a large amount of actual observation and observation take place thereafter, the pre-warning time that we sum up Forset and glassland fire was generally about 10 days, be that breaking out of fire began to occur tangible satellite thermal ir temperature increase anomaly before in 10 days, this unusually progressively develops into the isolated zone that heats thereupon, general temperature anomaly area can reach 100,000 to 600,000 square kilometres, sometimes even bigger, when this regional satellite thermal infrared abnormal temperature raising image region and forest cover overlay area, ground near in addition when overlapping, the isolated abnormal temperature raising that this district occurs, promptly represent the fire omen, following instantiation proves absolutely that the Forset and glassland fire early warning system that the inventor proposes is reliable and effective.

On May 13rd, 1998 is in Heilungkiang THE MIDDLE SECTION OF DAXINGANLIN Aer Mountain generation forest fire.12 days is 9 districts that heat that can clearly see 25 ℃ on satellite cloud picture in morning May 2 before fire takes place, at N45 °-51 °, within E115 °-126 °, secrete flag by black pearl Mu in east, Heilungkiang and be in heating zone to Sun Guandou, East and West direction reaches 1100 kilometers, north and south is wide about 600 kilometers, and wherein the Aer Mountain of THE MIDDLE SECTION OF DAXINGANLIN is positioned at wherein, before intensification lasts till that always big fire on May 13 takes place like this.Therefore inflammable gas CH is promptly discharged in the cause of Heilungkiang Aer Mountain forest fire on the-22nd in 13, in obvious 1998 on May and this district's exhaust in earth effect ₄, CO etc. is relevant, promptly large-area forest is simultaneously on fire can not to be that one or two people do, but the geologic function of deep Earth exhaust causes.

Fenyang, Shanxi Province forest fire on the-7th on April 3 in 1999, in forest fire preceding 3 days, be in the satellite thermal infrared cloud atlas on March 31, can be clear that in Fenyang N35 °-38 ° on every side, obviously heat in E111 ° of-114 ° of scopes (21 °-25 ℃), though there was cloud to cover on April 1, but the surrounding area is also heating, April 3 is when cloud is retreated, the obviously isolated image that heats appears again near Fenyang, Fenyang forest fire of Shanxi in this year has promptly taken place soon, causes several ten thousand mu of forests to be ruined, the heavy losses of 23 people's death.This time a basic reason of fire is that this area has the exhaust in earth effect in advance, and inflammable gas overflows.If done early warning in advance, still can reach the effect that takes preventive measures, really play prevention effect,

On July 20th, 1999, forest fire took place in domestic zone, borderland, Khabarovsk, the Sino-Russian intersection Russia Far East in the downstream, Heilungkiang, and more than 20,000 hectare of virgin forest swallowed up by big fire.(N47-50, E130-134) territory satellite thermal infrared occurred and heated phenomenon in this district in early July, 1999.From July 10, the significantly isolated phenomenon that heats of this zone appearance, the forest cover areal coverage that heats district and this area that satellite cloud picture shows is progressively overlapping, and extra big forest fires took place July 20 subsequently.

Forest fire takes place in Su Mendala island and some areas, island, Kalimantan of Indonesia on August 7th, 1999.(S6-N5 E95-111) began to occur the large tracts of land satellite thermal infrared and heated phenomenon near this zone in late July, 1999.August 1, satellite cloud picture demonstrates the isolated phenomenon that heats near this regional forest cover district, and forest fire took place August 7 subsequently.Particularly point out in the message according to Xinhua News Agency's report, the image of being taken by satellite shows that the fire point that occurs simultaneously during the big fire is a lot, but also continuing to occur new fiery point, distance between these fire points is a good distance off again, has 1000 kilometers approximately as the distance of economizing between the fire point that takes place at the Aceh province and the Lampung on Su Mendala island.This example illustrates that once more forest fire is not that one or two people do.

In sum as seen, the forest fire early warning is one of important technical of forest protection.China's Forest Resources is very deficient.1.34 hundred million hectares of the area of woods in the whole nation, Lin Lin puts aside 117.8 billion cubic meters, and 8.6 cubic metres per capita, afforestation rate only 13%, area of woods is 0.11 hectare per capita, the per capita level well below the world.And annual average 1.43 ten thousand forest fires that take place, 82.2 ten thousand hectares of the area of woods of on average being injured.Average annual hazard of forest rate is 6.3%.Therefore, effectively prevent forest fire to protecting China's ecologic equilibrium significant.Carry out the forest fire protection early warning effectively and prepare, promptly, the forest fire omen is carried out tracking observation and early warning from the basic reason staff of fire.Reach 40% when above at fire probability, forest should be in state of siege, stops artificial kindling material and the natural kindling material of defence, can enable aircraft in case of necessity and spread water or cooperate rainmaking that the forest cooling is carried out in the hope of thorough strick precaution in the key area.

Claims

1. satellite thermal infrared technology Forset and glassland fire early warning system, mainly utilize polar-orbiting satellite, stationary satellite and weather satellite to observe, and be loaded with the satellite of infrared band scanner in conjunction with other, also comprise satellite receiving equipment and image processing facility, the color density slicing class of satellite thermal infrared cloud atlas, can all be suitable for Various Seasonal, different latitude area, be easy to catch satellite thermal infrared temperature anomaly omen, wherein the color class is that bright temperature class is between 0.5 ° of K to 5 ° of K; Scanner gained gray-scale value can be proofreaied and correct through Atmospheric models and obtain actual temperature value, and according to the various places actual conditions, takes to add and subtract 1 ° of K and calculate; It is stressed to distinguish lithosphere according to gentle form of landform, that causes that the exhaust in earth phenomenon causes heats and lowers the temperature still that meteorological process heats and lowers the temperature, exclude the interfere information that landform, weather conditions cause, it is characterized in that the fire that takes place thereafter by a large amount of actual observation and observation is verified to sum up Forset and glassland fire omen thermal infrared temperature anomaly characteristic and development law thereof:

(1) time: beginning to occur tangible satellite thermal ir temperature increase anomaly before the sylvosteppe breaking out of fire about 10 days, this unusually progressively develops into the isolated zone that heats thereupon, and general temperature anomaly area can reach 100,000 to 600,000 square kilometres, sometimes even bigger;

(2) place: when this regional satellite thermal infrared abnormal temperature raising image region and forest cover overlay area, ground near in addition when overlapping, meet arid season again, the isolated abnormal temperature raising that this district occurs is promptly represented the fire omen.

2. by the described Forecasting Methodology of claim 1, it is characterized in that, is what to separate with N10 ° to 35 ° to the north of N40 ° of the described bright temperature stepping, and every class temperature value is 2 ° to 3 ° K, then uses 1 ° of K stepping to the north of in the of N40 °.And under the line area (Indonesia and other places) and in the arctic regions (ground such as New Zealand, Iceland) every class temperature value is respectively 0.5 ° of K to 5 ° of K.