CN1283811C - Softening annealing heat treating method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel - Google Patents
Softening annealing heat treating method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1283811C CN1283811C CN 200410066465 CN200410066465A CN1283811C CN 1283811 C CN1283811 C CN 1283811C CN 200410066465 CN200410066465 CN 200410066465 CN 200410066465 A CN200410066465 A CN 200410066465A CN 1283811 C CN1283811 C CN 1283811C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a softening annealing heat-treatment method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel. The method is characterized in that a secondary softening annealing technology of less than AC1 high-temperature annealing treatment and high-temperature tempering treatment is used. The method comprises the following steps: (1) in primary softening, cold drawing steel is put into a heating furnace within 5 hours, and temperature in the furnace is 730 DEG C and is raised to 770 DEG C for heat preservation for 12 hours; the steel is slowly cooled below 650 DEG C in a 20 to 30 DEG C /h of speed for air cooling; (2) in secondary softening, the steel primarily softened is put into an annealing furnace and is heated up to 670 DEG C for heat preservation for 10 hours, and then the steel is taken out of the annealing furnace for air cooling. The adoption of the secondary softening annealing treatment reduces the cold drawing annealing hardness of the 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel by 15%, and therefore, the method basically solves the technical problems of light surfaces and angle strobilation during cold drawing and annealing of cold drawing materials. AT the same time, the method has the advantages for improving the quantity of pass deformation by 5%, decreasing production processes, improving production efficiency, reducing production and manufacture cost and stably enhancing product quality (surface precision is enhanced to a h11 stage from h12). Thus, the method meets production requirements and market requirements for the 1Cr17Ni2 cold drawing material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat-treatment technology method of metallurgy industry Martensite Stainless Steel, refer in particular to the softening annealing heat-treatment technology method of the cold drawn material of Martensite Stainless Steel.
Background technology
Stainless steel can be divided into Martensite Stainless Steel, ferritic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, PH Stainless Steel five big steel classes; Martensite Stainless Steel is the stainless steel that a class can be adjusted its performance by thermal treatment, is 13%Cr and 17%Cr two types substantially, generally can be divided into martensitic chromium stainless steel, chromium-nickel Martensite Stainless Steel.
1Cr17Ni2 is a kind of chromium-nickel Martensite Stainless Steel of classics, is that strength and toughness mates one of steel clock preferably in the Martensite Stainless Steel.It has good anti-corrosion to oxidizing acid and most of organic acid, generally is used for nitric acid, acetic acid production and light industry production and has not only required obdurability but also corrosion resistant part.Steelmaker is produced, the 1Cr17Ni2 Martensite Stainless Steel finished product of delivery, and a large amount of is cold drawn material pole and hexagonal rod.
The production technique of cold drawn material hexagonal rod and pole (is example with the cold-drawn hexagonal rod) is: blank softening annealing → draw circle → softening annealing → figuring of surface, check → go up lubricant → pull head road hexagonal → softening annealing → pickling, go up lubricant → draw second road hexagonal → softening annealing (circulation drawing hexagonal is until finished product) → check, put in storage.Obviously, in the cold working production process of 1Cr17Ni2 Martensite Stainless Steel, (cold-forming property of 1Cr17Ni2 steel is relatively poor in softening annealing thermal treatment, easy to crack, so must carry out softening annealing immediately after each drawing, purpose is to eliminate cold working stress, reduces hardness, so that proceed cold deformation.) be absolutely necessary.
In the prior art, the softening annealing system of the 1Cr17Ni2 cold-drawn material of recommending in relevant national standard (the military standard GJB2294-95 of the People's Republic of China (PRC), aviation with stainless steel and the high temperature steel bar gauge model) handbook is a high-temperature tempering process: 680 ℃, be incubated 5 hours.In the actual production, general softening annealing process is: the 1Cr17Ni2 cold-drawn material is placed in the bell furnace is heated to 650-700 ℃ with stove, be incubated 8-11 hour, the air cooling of coming out of the stove again; Heat-up rate does not stipulate that the general heating-up time is 4-5 hour in the production.Its shortcoming is: (1) annealing hardness is higher, pass deformation less (diameter can only be controlled at about 3～7% at the big specification hexagonal bar more than the 20mm), and Production Flow Chart is longer, and manufacturing cost is higher; (2) this steel grade contains nickel about 2～3% (because the effect of nickel, it is very long that austenite resolves into the required time of perlite fully, is difficult to reach the remollescent purpose by the mode of high tempering.), so being subjected to the higher serious restriction of annealing hardness in the production process, the cold-drawn difficulty is big, easily causes surface galling and cracking; (3) the cold working unrelieved stress of steel is big, as untimely elimination, the cracking that easily causes steel is (because the drawing relative deformation of each passage is less, therefore surface deformation is much larger than heart portion, cause residual stress distribution extremely inhomogeneous, in subsequently slowly with the stove temperature-rise period, certain thermal stresses is born on the surface again, 400-500 ℃ of temperature range a stress relief process is arranged, cause the hexagonal rod surface cracking to occur easily.)。Production practice show: take after the above-mentioned traditional soft annealing art breading, 1Cr17Ni2 cold-drawn bar, the shallow surface of big specification hexagonal bar (diameter is more than 20mm) and bight cracking are comparatively general, cause bar to scrap by the gross or change a social system when serious, seriously restrict the production demand of 1Cr17Ni2 Martensite Stainless Steel cold-drawn material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of softening annealing thermal treatment process of 1Cr17Ni2 Martensite Stainless Steel, it is the improvement to traditional soft annealing thermal treatment process, be used for the production of the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2, have the advantages that annealing hardness is low, pass deformation is big, alleviated the tearing tendency of cold drawing hexagonal rod (or pole), reduce drawing passes, improved production efficiency, satisfied the production requirement and the market demand of big specification 1Cr17Ni2 Martensite Stainless Steel cold-drawn material.
The stainless softening annealing heat treating method for 1 of 1Cr17Ni2 provided by the invention is characterized in that adopting the compound softening annealing thermal treatment process of " the comparatively high temps anneal of＜AC1 increases temperature temper "; At first in process furnace, the cold drawn material of the 1Cr17Ni2 after the cold-drawn is carried out once softening the processing; Secondly in annealing furnace, the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 for the treatment of drawing carries out the softening processing of secondary:
Fs, before the high tempering thermal treatment of routine, increase the annealing heat treatment process of a comparatively high temps, the cold drawn material of the 1Cr17Ni2 after the cold-drawn is carried out once softening the processing: (1) cold drawn material of nickeliferous Martensite Stainless Steel 1Cr17Ni2 after cold-drawn, advanced process furnace in 12 hours; (2) temperature (is avoided 400-500 ℃ of stress relief interval for 550 ℃～800 ℃ in the heating-furnace.Cold drawn material can be heated rapidly, the top layer drawing stress can be discharged rapidly, has avoided the surface cracking danger that the stress stack causes in the temperature-rise period at a slow speed.); (3) cold drawn material heats up (heat-up rate is unrestricted) to 700～800 ℃ (the phase point temperature AC1=810 of 1Cr17Ni2 steel ℃ with process furnace, furnace temp should be less than the AC1 temperature), (soaking time very little, the steel bating effect is poor, the cold-drawn difficulty to be incubated 1.5～15 hours; Soaking time is long more, and the steel bating effect is good more); (4) with the speed of cooling of 20～30 ℃/h, slowly be cooled to below 650 ℃, carry out air cooling again.
Subordinate phase adopts conventional high-temperature tempering process, and the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 for the treatment of drawing carries out the softening processing of secondary: (1) through once softening the cold drawn material of handling of 1Cr17Ni2, the advance and retreat stove replenishes annealing; (2) cold drawn material, is incubated 7～12 hours and (can promotes the further decomposition of residual austenite, make annealing hardness obtain further reduction 650～700 ℃ of temperature with the temperature of annealing furnace intensification (heat-up rate is unrestricted) to 650～700 ℃.); (3) cold drawn material is come out of the stove, air cooling.
Compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1,, alleviated the tearing tendency on the cold drawn hexagonal material of big specification surface greatly by being rapidly heated;
2, less than the insulation and the slow cooling of AC1 temperature, help the improvement of tissue morphology, alleviate the cold working tearing tendency;
3, Chang Gui high-temperature tempering process replenishes annealing, can promote the decomposition fully of residual austenite, effectively lowers hardness.
Concrete case study on implementation
Certain Iron And Steel Company implements patent of the present invention, the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 (is example with the cold drawn material of hexagonal rod) is carried out the secondary softening annealing handle.It is characterized in that adopting the compound softening annealing thermal treatment process (secondary is softening to be handled) of " the comparatively high temps anneal of＜AC1 increases temperature temper ": (A) fs, before the high tempering thermal treatment of routine, increase the annealing heat treatment process of a comparatively high temps, at first in process furnace (annealing furnace at the bottom of the Continuous Roller), the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 after the cold-drawn is carried out once softening the processing: (1) cold drawn material of nickeliferous Martensite Stainless Steel 1Cr17Ni2 after cold-drawn, the pendulum material form of taking to tile is advanced continuous furnace, be accomplished to into process furnace from bar drawing and heat up, the time is controlled in 5 hours (satisfying the processing requirement that must advance stove after this steel grade drawing in 12 hours); (2) 710～730 ℃ of (cold drawn material tiling pendulum material of temperature in the stove of first section of continuous furnace, the time compole that makes cold drawn material be warmed up to 730 ℃ is lacked, cold drawn material can be heated rapidly, the top layer drawing stress can discharge rapidly, has avoided the surface cracking danger that the stress stack causes in the temperature-rise period at a slow speed.); (3) process furnace heats up (heat-up rate is unrestricted) to 710～800 ℃ (in the annealing furnace, the furnace temperature of each section can be inequality at the bottom of the Continuous Roller), is incubated 8～13 hours; (4) with the speed of cooling of 20～30 ℃/h, slowly be cooled to below 650 ℃, carry out air cooling again.(B) subordinate phase adopts conventional high-temperature tempering process, and in the rectangle bell type annealing furnace, the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 for the treatment of drawing carries out the softening processing of secondary: (1) through once softening the cold drawn material of handling of 1Cr17Ni2, the advance and retreat stove replenishes annealing; (2) cold drawn material slowly heats up (heat-up rate is unrestricted) to 650～700 ℃ temperature with annealing furnace, 650～700 ℃ of temperature, is incubated 8～9 hours; (3) cold drawn material is come out of the stove, air cooling.
Take secondary softening annealing processing mode of the present invention, make the stainless cold drawn annealing hardness of 1Cr17Ni2 on average reduce by 15% (seeing Table 1), on the one hand, substantially the shallow surface that the cold drawn material of big specification occurs and the technical problem of transverse corner crack have been solved in cold-drawn and annealing process, on the other hand, lower softening annealing hardness, help the raising of deflection, pass deformation has improved 5%, reduce Production Flow Chart and (reduced the cold-drawn passage of cold drawn material, the annealing number of times, passage is reduced to 2～4 roads from improving 4～6 preceding roads), improved production efficiency, reduced manufacturing cost, simultaneously, constant product quality improves (surface accuracy is brought up to the h11 level from h12), has satisfied the production requirement and the market demand of big specification 1Cr17Ni2 Martensite Stainless Steel cold-drawn material.
The softening annealing scale of hardness 1 of the cold drawn hexagonal rod of 1Cr17Ni2
| Trimmed size mm | Finished product hardness HB | ||||
| Sample number | Maximum value | Minimum value | Mean value | ||
| Before the enforcement | 14～30 | 40 | 285 | 249 | 266 |
| After the enforcement | 8～36 | 60 | 241 | 211 | 229 |
Claims (1)
1, the stainless softening annealing heat treating method for 1 of 1Cr17Ni2 is characterized in that adopting "＜A
C1The anneal of temperature adds tempering and handles " compound softening annealing thermal treatment process; At first in process furnace, the cold drawn material of the 1Cr17Ni2 after the cold-drawn is carried out once softening the processing; Secondly in annealing furnace, the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 for the treatment of drawing carries out the softening processing of secondary:
Fs, the cold drawn material of the 1Cr17Ni2 after the cold-drawn is carried out once softening the processing: (1) cold drawn material of nickeliferous Martensite Stainless Steel 1Cr17Ni2 after cold-drawn, advanced process furnace in 12 hours; (2) the interior temperature of heating-furnace is 550 ℃～800 ℃; (3) cold drawn material is warmed up to 700～800 ℃ with process furnace, soaking time 1.5～15 hours, and heat-up rate is unrestricted; (4) with the speed of cooling of 20～30 ℃/h, slowly be cooled to below 650 ℃, carry out air cooling again;
Subordinate phase, the cold drawn material of 1Cr17Ni2 for the treatment of drawing carries out the softening processing of secondary: (1) through once softening the cold drawn material of handling of 1Cr17Ni2, the advance and retreat stove replenishes annealing; (2) cold drawn material is warmed up to 650～700 ℃ temperature with annealing furnace, 650～700 ℃ of temperature, is incubated 7～12 hours, and heat-up rate is unrestricted; (3) cold drawn material is come out of the stove, air cooling.
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| CN 200410066465 CN1283811C (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Softening annealing heat treating method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel |
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| CN 200410066465 CN1283811C (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Softening annealing heat treating method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel |
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| CN1283811C true CN1283811C (en) | 2006-11-08 |
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| CN102876872A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-01-16 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Softening method for spherical tissue of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb supporting plate self-locking nut |
| CN102876855A (en) * | 2012-09-15 | 2013-01-16 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Softening process for ultra-high strength bainitic steels |
| CN103436672A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-12-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Thermal treatment method for 14Cr17Ni2 stainless steel |
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| CN104451072A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡阳工机械制造有限公司 | Heat treatment method of 14Cr17Ni2 stainless steel |
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| CN106119479A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-16 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method for annealing improving 13Cr9Mo2Co1NiVNbNB grain size |
| CN106755852A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of steel alloy soft softening method |
| CN106544494B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-12-15 | 中钢集团郑州金属制品研究院有限公司 | A kind of online soft annealing method suitable for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel cold pull wires |
| CN111304416A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-19 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Softening annealing heat treatment method for 2Cr13 stainless steel |
| CN112458256B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-10-14 | 抚顺特殊钢股份有限公司 | 1.2746 (45 NiCrMoV or 4CrNi4 MoV) die steel annealing process |
| CN115161443A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏联峰实业有限公司 | Annealing process of heat-resistant steel |
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