CN1283780A - Method for measuring flow of fluid in pipeline and its sonic flowmeter - Google Patents
Method for measuring flow of fluid in pipeline and its sonic flowmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1283780A CN1283780A CN 00125923 CN00125923A CN1283780A CN 1283780 A CN1283780 A CN 1283780A CN 00125923 CN00125923 CN 00125923 CN 00125923 A CN00125923 A CN 00125923A CN 1283780 A CN1283780 A CN 1283780A
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Abstract
A method for measuring the flow of fluid in pipeline by directly picking up the acoustic frequency of said fluid and a sonic flowmeter are disclosed. Said sonic flowmeter is composed of acoustic measuring pipeline, piezolelectric sensor, charge amplifier, phase-inverting amplifier, and amplitude discriminating and shaping circuit. Its advantages include simple structure, less pressure loss, and high reliability.
Description
The invention belongs to pipeline flow measuring method and flow instrument technical field thereof, particularly relate to a kind of pipeline inner fluid acoustic velocity measuring method and acoustic wave flow meter thereof.
The instrument of utilizing the sonic detection mode to measure fluid flow at present mainly contains ultrasonic flow meter, also has precession vortex and toll bar vortex uniform velocity formula flowmeter.Ultrasonic flow meter is to adopt a pair of sonac, and one of them is an emission sensor, and another is a receiving sensor.Measure ultrasonic signal from ultrasound emission sensor emission ultrasonic signal, arrive the travel-time of another sonac by fluid, and definite in view of the above flow velocity and flow, from emission vibration, excitation, transducing output circuit to be arranged, from receiving treatment circuits such as transducer, amplifier, demodulation to be arranged, therefore the structure of measuring method and ultrasonic flow meter is installed all more complicated, and price is higher; Vortex precession flowmeter is a kind of vortex generation body that the generation of forced vortex is installed in the instrument measurement pipe that adopts, when fluid is flowed into, under the effect of vortex generation body, be forced to around the center rotation, produce eddy current, vortex arrives the contraction section throttling in Venturi tube after, vortex is quickened, form the precession pulse at vortex generation body to certain point between the straightening vanes, this frequency is converted into volumetric flow rate through flow integrator, is feasible though adopt vortex precession flowmeter detection method structure, and its maximum shortcoming is to adopt to force fluid, the vibration of generation vortex, therefore the pressure loss is big, and when particularly detecting big flow, the pressure loss is bigger.Bore D for example
2=50 vortex precession flowmeter crushing when 25 sides per hour will reach 30kpa.Though the toll bar swirl flowmeter is having very much progress than vortex precession flowmeter aspect the pressure loss, it is to adopt to insert the cylinder that produces the toll bar vortex in fluid.But its flux lower limit often sensitivity is lower, and is difficult to reach the measuring accuracy of instrument.
The objective of the invention is at the shortcoming that exists in the prior art, provide a kind of and do not needed the signalization emitter, do not needed in pipeline, to be provided with the vortex generation body that produces vortex, also do not needed in fluid, to insert the cylinder that produces the toll bar vortex, and simple in structure, be easy to processing, produce and the measuring method of the pipeline internal medium flow of a kind of vibration detection type convenient for installation and maintenance, and design the new flowmeter that this method of sening as an envoy to is implemented.
The realization of technical solution of the present invention is finished by following requirement, the measuring method of pipeline inner fluid flow is to rely on piezoelectric sensor (B) in the Baltimore groove be arranged on the sampling pipeline section (A) on the pipeline directly to pick up the frequency of sound wave (mainly being that fluid particle in flow process collides and the sound wave that produces mutually) of pipeline inner fluid, and change it into electric signal, handle through computing circuit, obtain the respective value of flow velocity V and frequency f, frequency of sound wave f and rate of flow of fluid V are non-linear proportional relation, it is the f=VI, I is the coefficient under the different in flow rate in the formula, with flow velocity, the relevant sound of medium kind and density, this shows, flow velocity V can obtain after processing of circuit by frequency of sound wave f, and frequency of sound wave is directly gathered by piezoelectric sensor.
Feature of the present invention also is; the acoustic wave flow meter of realizing above-mentioned detection method is mainly by sampling pipeline section (A); piezoelectric sensor (B); charge amplifier (C); polarity-inverting amplifier (D); amplitude discriminates and formations such as shaping circuit (E) and pulsed frequency integrating instrument; it is characterized in that piezoelectric sensor (B) is directly installed on the piezoelectric sensor (B) that maybe will have protecting sheathing on the tube wall of sound wave sampling pipeline section (A) and is installed in the pipeline of stopple coupon; and this piezoelectric sensor (B) output terminal is connected with charge amplifier (C) input end; this charge amplifier (C) output terminal is connected with polarity-inverting amplifier (D) input end; this polarity-inverting amplifier (D) output terminal discriminates with shaping circuit (E) input end with amplitude and is connected, and this amplitude discriminates and the output terminal of shaping circuit (E) connects with the pulsed frequency integrating instrument.
We know that fluid produces multiple acoustic signals when flowing, we are referred to as noise usually, the wherein stronger friction sound wave that has fluid and pipe friction to produce, fluid particles is collided and the sound wave and other noise sound wave that produce mutually, and the present invention directly picks up mainly is that fluid particles is collided and the sound wave that produces mutually, in order to reduce the intensity of other sound wave, the smoothness that the present invention takes to improve the measuring tube inwall reduces the friction sound wave of fluid to tube wall, overcome the interference that pipe vibration reduces additional sound wave, collide mutually and the acoustic signals relative amplitude that produces is higher through particle in the acoustic signals that is picked up after the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, we are excised by amplitude circuit discriminator other noise signal that amplitude is lower more at last, thereby guarantee the accurate of measuring-signal.
Principle of the present invention is the acoustic vibration frequency of directly picking up the mobile intrinsic representative flow rate information of pipeline inner fluid by sensor, after amplifying shaping through frequency-selecting then, by the pulse integrating instrument, it is carried out computing and processing, just can obtain flow velocity and flow measurements, the emitter that resembles ultrasonic flow meter need be set, do not need in pipeline to be provided with cylinder as the generation toll bar vortex of the vortex generation body of vortex precession flowmeter and toll bar swirl flowmeter yet, be directly to pick up the intrinsic sound wave that the pipeline inner fluid flows fully, thereby there is not a pressure loss yet, simplified the structure of primary instrument, be easy to processing, produce, and convenient for installation and maintenance, there are not movable member etc., long service life equally in addition.Owing to flowmeter detection method uniqueness of the present invention, so can be fit to the measurement of the dust and the pasty media of liquid, gas, steam, particle, this is that present various flowmeter is difficult to accomplish in addition, and this makes application space of the present invention increase undoubtedly.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention
Fig. 2 is first kind of example structure synoptic diagram of acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention
Fig. 3 is second kind of example structure synoptic diagram of acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the charge amplifier of acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of the polarity-inverting amplifier of acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention
Fig. 6 discriminates for the amplitude of acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention and the circuit theory diagrams of shaping
Acoustic wave flow meter of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 mainly by sampling pipeline section (A), piezoelectric sensor (B), charge amplifier (C), polarity-inverting amplifier (D), amplitude discriminates and basic part such as six of shaping circuit (E) and pulsed frequency integrating instruments (F) etc. is formed, be respectively described below
Sampling pipeline section (A) is provided with one and is used for placing piezoelectric sensor (B) groove, this groove can be arranged to communicate or do not communicate (as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3) with the pipeline endoporus, when groove does not communicate with the pipeline endoporus, piezoeletric quartz sensor together with charge amplifier be placed directly in the sampling pipeline section (A) the groove tube wall on (as Fig. 2), cover the sealing guard shield.When groove communicates with pipe hole, at first piezoelectric sensor or piezoelectric sensor and charge amplifier are formed the integral sensors assembly that has preposition amplification together and put into the housing that has made, the sensor module that will have shell is then put into the recess hole of stopple coupon, directly contact (as Fig. 3) with medium, the stopple coupon groove is screwed through hole in the present embodiment, the shell of corresponding piezoelectric sensor is provided with external thread equally, so just piezoelectric sensor can be screwed in the sampling pipeline section recess hole, but also available additive method is fixed or is connected, and its screw-in depth preferred plan is to make sensor housing front end face and pipeline cambered surface tangent.
Piezoelectric sensor (B) directly picks up fluid in the pipeline sound wave that flows, and is converted to electric signal and is connected with charge amplifier (C) by (21) end.
A kind of circuit theory diagrams (as shown in Figure 4) of charge amplifier (C), it is mainly by Mos field effect transistor and Resistor-Capacitor Unit R
1-R
3, C
1-C
4Form, pick up conversion by piezoelectric sensor after, electric signal is by the input of (21) end and through capacitor C
2Be connected on the grid of Mos field effect transistor and carry out low noise,, high resistant hole electric charge amplifies, the operating bias of charge amplifier (C) is by resistance R
1, R
2The self-bias circuit of forming provides resistance R
3Be the pull-up resistor of this amplifier, capacitor C
1Be a frequency-selecting electric capacity, so that filter high frequency noise jamming, capacitor C
3Be the source electrode shunt capacitance of Mos pipe, export through capacitor C through the drain electrode that charge amplifier amplifies
4Be coupled to (22) input end of polarity-inverting amplifier.
A kind of circuit theory diagrams (as shown in Figure 5) of polarity-inverting amplifier (D), it is mainly by transistor T R
1And Resistor-Capacitor Unit R
4-R
7, C
5Form, hold through (22) from the signal of charge amplifier (B) to be connected to transistor T R
1Base stage, TR
1Be PNP transistor, by the Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance resistance R
7Stablize TR
1The working point, by TR
1The operating bias resistance R
4, R
5Dividing potential drop obtains, R
6Be TR
1Pull-up resistor, the signal after polarity-inverting amplifier amplifies is by capacitor C
5The amplitude of being coupled to discriminates and the input end (23) of shaping circuit.
Amplitude discriminates and a kind of circuit theory diagrams of shaping circuit (E) (as shown in Figure 6), and it is mainly by transistor T R
2, TR
3And Resistor-Capacitor Unit R
8-R
14, C
6Form.The bistable state Schmidt circuit that the amplitude circuit discriminator is made up of resistance-feedback network, static state is arranged to TR
2So cut-off state is resistance R
8＞＞R
9, adjust R
8, R
9Ratio can change the threshold level of amplitude circuit discriminator, also promptly excised other sound wave and disturbed R
14Be efferent duct TP
3Collector load resistor, through TR
3Sound wave pulse after the shaping is through capacitor C
6Be coupled to output terminal (24), output terminal (24) can connect with the pulsed frequency integrating instrument, carries out flow accumulation.
Claims (5)
1. the measuring method of a pipeline inner fluid flow is to rely on piezoelectric sensor (B) on the tube wall be arranged on sampling pipeline section (A) directly to pick up the frequency of sound wave (mainly being that fluid particle in flow process collides and the sound wave that produces mutually) of pipeline inner fluid, and change it into electric signal, handle through computing circuit, obtain the respective value of flow velocity V and frequency f, frequency of sound wave f and rate of flow of fluid V are non-linear proportional relation, it is the f=VI, I is the coefficient under the different in flow rate in the formula, and is relevant with flow velocity, medium kind and fluid density.
2. realize the acoustic wave flow meter of the measuring method of the described pipeline inner fluid of claim 1 flow; it is mainly by sound wave sampling pipeline section (A); piezoelectric sensor (B); charge amplifier (C); polarity-inverting amplifier (D); amplitude discriminates and formations such as shaping circuit (E) and pulsed frequency integrating instrument; it is characterized in that piezoelectric sensor (B) is directly installed on the piezoelectric sensor (B) that maybe will have protecting sheathing on the tube wall of sound wave sampling pipeline section (A) and is installed in the stopple coupon pipeline; and this piezoelectric sensor (B) output terminal is connected with the charge amplifier input end; this charge amplifier (C) output terminal is connected with polarity-inverting amplifier (D) input end; this polarity-inverting amplifier (D) output terminal discriminates with shaping circuit (E) input end with amplitude and is connected, and this amplitude discriminates and the output terminal of shaping circuit (E) connects with the pulsed frequency integrating instrument.
3. acoustic wave flow meter according to claim 2 is characterized in that charge amplifier is mainly by Mos field effect transistor R
1-R
3, C
1-C
4Form, the fluid sound wave that is directly picked up by piezoelectric sensor (B) also is changed to electric signal, through capacitor C
2Coupling and the grid low noise, high impedance electric charge that are input to the Mos field effect transistor amplify, through Mos drain electrode output, again through capacitor C
4Be coupled to the input end (22) of polarity-inverting amplifier, be connected to biasing resistor R on transistorized grid of Mos and the source electrode
1, R
2Form the self-bias circuit, be connected on the resistance R in the drain electrode of Mos pipe
3Be pull-up resistor, receive on (22) input end and and capacitor C
2Capacitor C in parallel
1Be a frequency-selecting electric capacity, be connected on the source electrode of Mos pipe and and R
3Capacitor C in parallel
3It is Mos pipe source electrode shunt capacitance.
4. mainly manage TR according to claim 2 or 3 described polarity-inverting amplifiers (D) by positive-negative-positive crystal (three utmost points)
1And Resistor-Capacitor Unit R
4-R
7, C
5Form, hold through (22) from the signal of charge amplifier (C) to be input to transistor T R
1Base stage, through TR
1Signal after the amplification is by capacitor C
5The amplitude of being coupled to discriminates and the input end of shaping circuit (E), resistance R
4, R
5With TR
1Base stage form biasing resistor, be connected on TR
1Resistance R on the emitter
7For Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance resistance, be connected on TR
1Resistance R between collector and the ground connection
6Be pull-up resistor.
5. discriminate and shaping amplification circuit according to claim 2 or 3 described amplitudes, it is characterized in that the amplitude circuit discriminator is by triode TR
1With the bistable state Schmidt circuit that resistance-feedback network is formed, static state is arranged to TR
2So cut-off state is resistance R
8＞＞R
9, adjust R
8, R
9Ratio can change the threshold level of amplitude circuit discriminator, the interference of also promptly having excised other sound wave, R
14Be efferent duct TR
3Collector load resistor, the sound wave pulse after the shaping is through capacitor C
6Be coupled to output terminal (24) output, connect with the pulsed frequency integrating instrument.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00125923 CN1283780A (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2000-08-28 | Method for measuring flow of fluid in pipeline and its sonic flowmeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00125923 CN1283780A (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2000-08-28 | Method for measuring flow of fluid in pipeline and its sonic flowmeter |
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|---|---|
| CN1283780A true CN1283780A (en) | 2001-02-14 |
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| CN 00125923 Pending CN1283780A (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2000-08-28 | Method for measuring flow of fluid in pipeline and its sonic flowmeter |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331280A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2012-01-25 | 丹尼尔度量和控制公司 | Ultrasonic flow meter and method for arranging cable cover to an ultrasonic flow meter |
| CN102563281A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Apparatus for mounting pipe sensors |
| CN103930777A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2014-07-16 | 洛斯阿拉莫斯国家安全有限公司 | Apparatus and method for acoustic monitoring of steam quality and flow |
| CN107709938A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-02-16 | 卡姆鲁普股份有限公司 | Fluid consumption meter with noise transducer |
| CN113758530A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electronic flowmeter |
-
2000
- 2000-08-28 CN CN 00125923 patent/CN1283780A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331280A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2012-01-25 | 丹尼尔度量和控制公司 | Ultrasonic flow meter and method for arranging cable cover to an ultrasonic flow meter |
| CN102563281A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Apparatus for mounting pipe sensors |
| CN102563281B (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 通用电气公司 | For the device of mounting pipe sensor |
| CN103930777A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2014-07-16 | 洛斯阿拉莫斯国家安全有限公司 | Apparatus and method for acoustic monitoring of steam quality and flow |
| CN107709938A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-02-16 | 卡姆鲁普股份有限公司 | Fluid consumption meter with noise transducer |
| CN113758530A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electronic flowmeter |
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