CN1279801A - Eletro-optical display apparatus - Google Patents
Eletro-optical display apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1279801A CN1279801A CN 98811250 CN98811250A CN1279801A CN 1279801 A CN1279801 A CN 1279801A CN 98811250 CN98811250 CN 98811250 CN 98811250 A CN98811250 A CN 98811250A CN 1279801 A CN1279801 A CN 1279801A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N17/00—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
- H04N17/04—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
- G06F3/147—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units using display panels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/3147—Multi-projection systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3191—Testing thereof
- H04N9/3194—Testing thereof including sensor feedback
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/02—Composition of display devices
- G09G2300/026—Video wall, i.e. juxtaposition of a plurality of screens to create a display screen of bigger dimensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/001—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
- Projection Apparatus (AREA)
- Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
- Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
Abstract
Electro-optical display apparatus includes a plurality of modular units each having a projector for receiving electrical signals, converting them to optical images, and projecting the optical images via an optical projection system onto a screen. The modular units are arranged in a side-by-side array such as to produce a combined display on the screen. A calibration system detects distortions in the combined display caused by the projection system of each modular unit and modifies the electrical signals applied to the projector of each modular unit to correct the combined display with respect to the detected distortions.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of Eletro-optical display apparatus.This display device is particularly useful for making one or more people to utilize display by adding, delete or changing display message and the large-scale interactive display that exchanges with display; Below will be described about this application the present invention.
Known have various types of interactive displays, as U.S. Pat 5,495,269 and WO95/34881 described in.This known display generally is made of the screen according to the concrete suitable size of using.Therefore, must design each display particularly to each big or small screen.And the thickness of display generally increases with the size of screen.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of its structure can make it can be according to different application and with the display of different size assemblings.Another object of the present invention be to provide a kind of can be to possess bigger display size but have the display device of less thickness assembling.A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and can be used with interaction mode but the user does not hinder the electro-optical device of screen again by the user.Of the present invention also have a purpose to be to provide a kind of method of making interactive electro-optic displays.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of Eletro-optical display apparatus, device comprises: a display screen; A plurality of modular units, each modular unit comprise that one receives electric signal, electrical signal conversion is become optical image and optical image projected to the projector of display screen through optical projection system; Thereby a plurality of the arrangement with parallel connected array produces the synthetic modular unit that shows on display screen; Device comprises that also electric signal on the projector that distortion that an optical projection system that is used to detect each modular unit causes and correction be applied to each modular unit is to be directed to the synthetic calibration system that shows of detected distortion correction.
According to another characteristics of above preferred embodiment, each modular unit also comprises an image sensor that is used for the optical image on the sensing display screen and image conversion is become electric signal; With one the optical imaging system of image sensor imaging to the display screen.Calibration system also detects by the distortion of optical imaging system generation in synthetic demonstration the and the electric signal of the projector that correction is applied to each modular unit, thereby also at the synthetic demonstration of these detected distortion corrections.
According to another characteristics of above preferred embodiment, display screen is the printing opacity display screen that a kind of size and structure have covered all modular units.In addition, calibration system also comprises the reference point two-dimensional array of given position on the screen surface.
In an above-mentioned preferred embodiment, the two-dimensional array of reference point is determined by the point of crossing of a plurality of horizontal datums and a plurality of vertical reference lines on the display screen.In above-mentioned second embodiment, the two-dimensional array of reference point is the optical fiber end points on the display screen.Datum line also can be the border line of each module display screen.Under any circumstance, the collimation technique of selection can be used for online calibration or only be used for the off line calibration.
Thereby can know that These characteristics of the present invention makes display device to be made of one or more modular units of same design, size and structure and the concrete application of basis assembly.For example, device can be assembled into arranging straight two modular units, be arranged to four modular units of 2 * 2 arrays or be arranged to nine modular units of 3 * 3 etc. according to the size of the required display screen of concrete application.Can also know, the thickness of entire display screen for the display screen of any size all with identical.
This device can be caught any image that is presented on the display screen, comprises by light projector projecting the image on the display screen or utilizing dried any handwritten paper of erasing concentrator marker (dry-erase marker), electronic pen etc.Device also can be caught any target image, as the file of placing facing to display screen.Therefore, this device not only can be used for display file, and can be used for storing or transmitting file.Because synthetic display screen is not subjected to stopping of user, so the user can show natural and trippingly.Because system is modular, so the structure of synthetic display screen and big I are suitable for any purposes; And because the thickness of system is less relatively, so can in the environment that environment or other spaces of office are limited to, use as meeting room, airport pavement (corridor) etc. are local.
Calibration system is preferably built on device as an integral part of device, often makes it possible to as required easily calibration system again, as light-mechanical system is done compensation with the trend that temperature moves in time.And calibration system is particularly useful for the big visual field device that is made of a plurality of aforesaid modular units, and calibrating installation can also be used in only first device.
Another characteristics according to the present invention in above-mentioned multiple-unit and only first two preferred embodiments, calibration system produces a visual route correction table, proofreaies and correct the known location and the deviation of imaging between the correspondence position of the reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen of reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen for each unit.Also produce a projector route correction table, for each unit proofreading and correct in the known location of the reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen and project to deviation between the correspondence position of the reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of method of making electro-optic displays is provided, comprise: a plurality of modular units are provided, and each modular unit comprises that one receives electric signal, converts the electrical signal to optical image and by optical projection system optical image projected the projector on the display screen; With side by side array a plurality of modular units are set, thereby so that synthetic each demonstration produces a synthetic demonstration; Electric signal on the projector that distortion that produces in synthetic demonstration by detection optical system and correction are applied to each modular unit, to be directed to the synthetic demonstration of detected distortion calibration, come the calibration module unit.
The Eletro-optical display apparatus that constitutes according to aforementioned features can be used for comprising meeting room, control center and electronic bill-board in the middle of a large amount of purposes, and big front/rear optical projection system.
Other advantage of the present invention and characteristics will become clearer by following description.
Below by with reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention being done to describe.
Fig. 1 represents according to display device of the present invention, comprises four modular units and a synthetic display screen that has covered the display screen of all modular units;
Fig. 2 represents to be used for the structure of a modular unit of the described device of Fig. 1;
The optical system of a modular unit in Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2 shown devices;
Fig. 4 has specifically represented the interior folding mirror of optical system in the modular unit;
Fig. 5 represents can be used for the optical system of the another kind of type in each modular unit;
Fig. 6 a-6e is illustrated in the various types of distortion that produce in the optical system of modular unit, and these distortion are proofreaied and correct by the calibration system of modular unit;
Fig. 7 represents to be used for the calibration grid on the synthetic display screen of calibration module unit.
Fig. 8 a and 8b represent the horizontal and vertical sectional view along 8a-8a among Fig. 7 and 8b-8b respectively;
Fig. 9 has represented heteropical technology of light distribution in a kind of correction module unit;
Figure 10 represents to be used for the another kind of structure of the uneven synthetic display screen of light distribution in distortion that the correction module optical system causes and the module;
Figure 11 a and 11b represent the technology of space distortion in the imaging system of a kind of correction module unit;
Figure 12 a and 12b represent the technology of space distortion in the imaging light path system of a kind of respectively correction module unit and the projection optical system;
Figure 13 represents the technology in overlapping and gap between the demonstration in a kind of display screen of eliminating a plurality of modular units;
Figure 14 is the process flow diagram of a piece calibration technical examples, by four operation A, and B, C and D constitute;
Figure 15 is the process flow diagram of operation A among Figure 14;
Figure 16 is the process flow diagram of operation B among Figure 14;
Figure 16 a, 16b and 16c are a certain child-operations of operation B;
Figure 17 a and 17b are totally synthetic, constitute the flow process of the C of operation shown in Figure 14;
Figure 18 is the process flow diagram of operation D among Figure 14, and this operation is used to calibrate the heterogeneity of light intensity between each modular unit;
Figure 19 represents a kind of Eletro-optical display apparatus, comprises a plurality ofly disposing Fresnel lens and having shared diffuser screen to produce for the uniform projector of any visual angle;
Figure 20 is a Fresnel lens sketch in the device shown in Figure 19;
Figure 21 a, it is forward sight, side-looking and the top view that has the projector of mechanical hook-up in addition that 21b and 21c divide, the mechanical checkout that mechanical hook-up is used to carry out is the alternatives of figure adjustment;
Figure 22 a, 22b and 22c are forward sight, side-looking and the top views about a kind of mode more specifically of mechanical checkout shown in Figure 21 a-21c;
Figure 23 a, 23b, 23c are the figure that explanation can be carried out the different cameras location setting of better distortion correction;
Figure 24 is the process flow diagram that utilizes the operation of the setting of Camera Positioning shown in Figure 23 c; This operation is used for proofreading and correct the color registration distortion of single projector; Figure 25 and 26 is of value to the synoptic diagram that the process flow diagram of Figure 24 is explained;
Figure 27 is the operational flowchart that is used in similar correction geometric distortion;
Figure 28 is of value to the synoptic diagram that the process flow diagram to Figure 27 makes an explanation;
Modular structure
Fig. 1 is the display unit of a kind of form of formation according to the present invention, and display unit is by layout Become four modular unit M1-M4 of 2 * 2 arrays with the relation formation of adjacency, merge each and show Show to produce a compound display. This device comprises that also size and shape covers whole modular unit Composite Display, by label 2 expression. Four modular units are identical design, size and shape Shape is so that can be assembled into the compound display screen of the required size of any concrete application and structure.
The structure of each modular unit M1-M4 is shown in Fig. 2. Each modular unit comprises a shell Body 3 and one receive the signal of telecommunication and convert the electrical signal to optical signalling, pass through optical projection again System projects to rear projector 5 on the display screen 2 to optical image. Rear projector 5 is by one Drawing computer 6 drives, and this computer receives electricity through input port 7 from component computer SC Signal. Drawing computer 6 preferably is configured to the unit of a separation and is not formed on module On.
Each modular unit also comprises an image sensor 8, is used for receiving the demonstration of unit Become the signal of telecommunication through the optical image of optical imaging system and with picture inversion on the screen. These telecommunications Number offer drawing computer 6, be used for driving rear projector 5 and be presented at display screen 2 to comprise again On image.
Optical system
Fig. 3 and 4 is illustrated in the rear projector 5 that throws on the display screen 2 by the modules unit and produces The optical projection system of the image of giving birth to, and right on the image sensor 8 of modules unit The optical imaging system of display screen 2 imaging.
Therefore, shown in Fig. 3 and 4, optical projection system comprises a bulb and a reflection Device 10. This bulb can be any one known type (such as halogen tungsten lamp, silver halide lamp, arc Lamps etc.), light is through convergent lens 11, IR/UV filter 11a with by a pair of Fresnel lens 13 cross over the LCD optical mode plate on it, amplified by projecting lens 14, and by folded lens 15a, 15b, 15c project on the display screen 2. Optical imaging system display screen 2 through speculum 15a-15c and lens combination 17 imaging are to image sensor 16.
Therefore, from composite image of light representations of display screen 2 reflections, namely rear projector 5 produces The image of giving birth to and anyly write and project display screen front and imaging to image sensor 8 The stack of image. Projected image and the composite image of catching copied after drawing computer 6 stored Part. From these two images, system can determine user's input, namely from the front of display screen Write or project the image on the display screen.
The another kind of technology of catching the image that writes or project on the display screen front surface is to close moment The image that upper rear projector produces, and read subsequently the image that writes or project on the front. This The technology of kind has been simplified the deterministic process of User input, because the image of catching does not comprise rear projection Image.
The intrinsic meeting of optical projection system and optical imaging system produces distortion, and this distorts by drawing Computer 6 detects and proofreaies and correct, thereby is merging the image that each modular unit M1-M4 produces Display screen 2 on produce more gratifying demonstration, such as following concrete description.
Fig. 5 represents can be used for the another kind of optical layout of each modular unit M1-M4. Therefore, Replace and to utilize that common optical system is synthetic to be projected image on the display screen 2 by rear projector 5 With the image of the display screen 2 that is received by image sensor 8, in figure of modular unit configuration The optical imaging that separates among the optical projection system of the separation shown in 18 and the figure shown in 19 System.
The distortion that the optical-mechanical system produces
Producing distortion during enlarged image is the inherent characteristic of optical system.Fig. 6 a represents a kind of undistorted or desirable visual UI with longitudinal axis LA and transverse axis T A.Fig. 6 a also represents a kind of pincushion distortion image, can know that wherein amount of distortion changes with the distance from longitudinal axis LA and transverse axis T A.Fig. 6 b represents that a kind of is the visual BDI of barrel distortion with respect to orthoscopic image UI.Fig. 6 c represents that a kind of display of demonstration of having synthesized four module M1-M4 is not as how there being the demonstration of correction to the distortion of each generation in four modules.
Fig. 6 d represents a undistorted horizontal linear UL who projects on the display screen that is synthesized by four modular unit M1-M4; And Fig. 6 a represents if distort and be not corrected, then influenced by pincushion distortion and distort at DLpc place straight line, and in the final display screen ganmma controller level of DSI place expression.
When observing when only comprising a single display screen that shows from the single module unit, the distortion that optical system produces can be continually by and imperceptible; But when producing a composite image, wherein a plurality of (being four in this case) shows form " stitchings " with " seamless " to a time-out, the distortion highly significant of each module generation in synthetic the demonstration.Main distortion is:
1. flatness distortion results from pincushion (PC) or tubular effect;
2. along synthetic imbrication and the slit that shows the adjacent side, result from pincushion (PC) or tubular distortion effect;
3. inhomogeneous in the illumination (monochromatic and colored), the light intensity levels that results from each modular unit is poor;
4. aberration;
5. trapezoidal (KS) distortion effect;
6. the magnification between the adjacent projections device (M) is poor;
7. rotation (R) distortion;
8. translation (X, Y) distortion; With
Each projector intrinsic convergence distortion.
Corrective system
As can be seen, in order to merge the demonstration of a plurality of modules, the image that needs corrective system to detect these distortion and synthesize at these distortion corrections.The corrective system that will describe is used to proofread and correct the major part of above-mentioned distortion below.Simultaneously, corrective system can provide as a piece-rate system, use at first installation phase of display system, or wishing the use whenever of calibration system, and the calibration system in the equipment that will describe below being included in is produced in the system and becomes one.Therefore, there is an important advantage in this system, promptly can with easy mode be used to more continually to proofread and correct light-mechanical system in time with the trend of temperature drift.
Built-in calibration system shown in Fig. 7 comprises and is formed on synthetic display screen 2 lip-deep a plurality of horizontal datums 20 and a plurality of vertical reference lines 21, makes the point of crossing of two groups of datum lines determine a two-dimensional array or the grid of pinpoint reference point on synthetic display screen 2 surfaces.Shown in Fig. 8 a and 8b, datum line 20 and 21 is also filled with fluorescent material 24 by V-shaped groove of formation 23 on the surface of synthetic display screen 2 and is produced, and wherein luminescent material 24 is excited by the perpendicular light source 26 of one side (left side) extension of the synthetic display screen 2 of horizontal light source 25 and edge of one side (top) extension of the synthetic display screen 2 in edge.Each of two light sources 25,26 is sealed by reverberator 25a and 25b, forms opening 25a and 26b, faces synthetic display screen 2, thereby photoconduction is shielded the luminescent material 24 that carries to synthetic showing.Preferably a kind of ultraviolet ray of luminescent material 24 (UV) fluorescent material, light source the 25, the 26th causes the luminous UV light source of material 24.
As an example, synthetic display screen 2 can be made of a kind of rigidity printing opacity (transparent) plate 27, be formed with the V-shaped groove 23 of filling luminescent material 24 on the inside surface 27a of plate, define the grid of datum line 20,21, the reverse side 27b of transparent panel serves as user's the face that writes.Synthetic display screen 2 also comprises a flexiplast sheet 28, as has " Mylar " sheet of rough surface, covers the cutting face 27a of transparent panel 27 and the luminescent material 24 in the V-shaped groove 23.
The distortion that two-dimensional array is used for detecting and correcting optical system causes at each modular unit of the reference point 22 that limits by the intersection point of horizontal and vertical lines 20,21, specific as follows described.
Fig. 9 represents a kind of heteropical technology of light intensity that is used for calibration module unit M1-M4.For this purpose, synthetic display screen 2 disposes a plurality of optical fiber 30, and an end 31 of optical fiber is positioned at the inside surface of synthetic display screen 2, with the light intensity of each position of sensing.The other end of each optical fiber 30 is connected to photo-detector 32, produces the output corresponding to each place 31 place's light intensity.The output of photo-detector 32 is connected to the control circuit 33 of the intensity of light source in the control rear projector (5 among Fig. 2), the optical projection system of label 34 expressions in the pie graph 9, thereby the unevenness of light source intensity in the minimizing modular unit.The imaging system 35 that comprises the optical sensor 8 of modular unit separates with optical projection system 34, be similar to the layout of Fig. 5, and imaging system is also controlled control circuit 33.
Figure 10 represents the distortion in the another kind of optical system that not only can be used for detecting and proofread and correct each modular unit M1-M4, but also the heteropical technology of light intensity that can detect and proofread and correct projector device in these modular units.As shown in figure 10, synthetic display screen 2 comprises a plurality of optical fiber 41, and an end 42 of optical fiber embeds synthetic display screen in known accurate position, limits the two-dimensional array of the reference point of known location on synthetic display screen surface.The other end of each optical fiber 41 is connected to optical transmitting set 43 (as LED), and also is connected to optical sensor 44 (as photo-detector) through beam splitting cube 45.The optical transmitting set 43 and the optical sensor 44 of each optical fiber 41 are connected in parallel, thereby can optionally enable.
Therefore, when optical fiber 41 was used for producing the two-dimensional array of reference point 42 (corresponding to the ground 2 of avoiding certain food of Fig. 7), the optical transmitting set 43 of optical fiber 41 was energized; And when optical fiber 41 is used for surveying and during the unevenness of correction module rear projector light intensity, enables optical sensor 44.
Overall operation
Below with reference to Figure 11 a-13 and process flow diagram 14-18 a kind of mode that above-mentioned calibration system is used for detecting and proofread and correct the unevenness of light intensity levels in the distortion of optical system of several modules and the module is described.
Figure 14 is the general flow figure of overall collimation technique.Calibration is made up of four main operations, and mark gives operation A, B, C and D respectively, appears among the piece 51-54.
Operation A, piece 51 relate to the calibration in imaging path in each module.In this operation, survey and calibrate the distortion 8 the optical imaging system from display screen 2 to image sensor in each module by the drawing computing machine 6 of each module.This operation more specifically is set forth in the flow process of Figure 15.
Operation B, piece 52 relate to the calibration in projector path in each module.In this operation, also survey and calibrate the distortion 2 the optical imaging system from rear projector 5 to display screen in each module by the drawing computing machine 6 of each module.This operation more specifically is set forth in the flow process of Figure 16,16a, 16b and 16c.
The calibration that operation C, piece 53 relate to the projector array in a plurality of module M1-M4 is incident upon composite image on the synthetic display screen 2 with fine setting, comprises imbrication and gap between showing in each module that elimination causes by the distortion in the optical system.This operation and aforementioned other distortion-correct operation carry out the flow process shown in Figure 17 and 17a by drawing computing machine among each module M1-M4 6 and the system computer SC that controls all modules.
Operation D, piece 54 relate to the calibration to light intensity levels unevenness in all modules.In this operation, detection and control are transmitted to the light intensity levels of the image on the synthetic display screen to reduce heterogeneity from all modular units.This operation is also controlled all modular unit execution by the drawing computing machine 6 of modular unit and by system computer SC, shown in the process flow diagram among Figure 18.
Operation A (Figure 15)
As (the piece 51 of the operation A among Figure 15, shown in process flow diagram Figure 14), first step is two pipe 25,26 (Fig. 7) of the excitation first modular unit M1, so that in modular unit, produce vision datum line 20,21 (Fig. 7), at intersection point 22 places of datum line, the two-dimensional array of reference point on the known location on the face of definite synthetic display screen 2.This step is by 61 expressions of the piece among Figure 15.Represent by horizontal line HL0-HL6 among Figure 11 a and perpendicular line VL0-VL6 ' respectively by the desirable grid that these datum lines produce.
The intersection point that limits the horizontal and vertical lines of reference point two-dimensional array is defined in the distortion grid of Figure 11 b (piece 63), and be associated with the known location of reference point in the desirable grid shown in Figure 11 a (piece 64).Then, the painting processor 6 of each module calculates two-dimentional best-fit cubic function, the intersection point of distortion grid is converted to the intersection point of desirable grid.These calculating are known method, for example see the 23rd, " carrying out image reconstruction (Image Reconstruction by Parametric CubicConvolution) " that the Stephen K.Park and Robert A.Schowengerdt that delivers in 258-272 phase " (Computer vision, graphics and image processing) handled in computer vision, drawing and imaging " is shown by the parameter cube convolution.Every pair of horizontal line (frame 65) and every pair of perpendicular line (frame 66) are carried out this program.
Afterwards, produce two-dimensional image path table of corrections for each module of each reference point in the two-dimensional array reference point, and this table is stored in (piece 67) in the drawing computing machine 6.All remaining module M2-M4 are repeated above-mentioned steps (piece 68).
The technology of above-mentioned executable operations A has many good qualities, and comprising: the calculating filtering of best-fit function (smooth) any by the local noise of imaging path generation or the local error in the benchmark grid.In addition, can judge not other point of all on the benchmark grid by interpolation method to the calculating of the cubic function of each datum line.In addition, represent that by cubic function distortion data (being different from table) can handle and storage data in compacter mode.
Operation B (Figure 16,16a, 16b, 16c)
Figure 16 represents to relate to the step of the operation B (piece 52 among Figure 14) of projector path calibration in each module.The distortion that this operation surveys projector light path, produce promptly from the rear projector 5 of each module to synthetic display screen 2, and produce and be used to proofread and correct the projector path table of corrections of these distortion.
Therefore, as described in Figure 16, (Figure 11 a) projects on the synthetic display screen 2 (piece 71) the desirable grid of storage, distorts because the light path of the projector makes to resemble.The image of projection partly reflexes on the image sensor (8 Fig. 2) of each module from display screen, and the image that sensor is caught is owing to the distortion in the imaging light path distorts.This distortion image of grid is shown in Figure 11 b.
According to the flow process among Figure 16 a, the intersection point (reference point) in the correcting distorted grid of the painting processor of each module (6 among Fig. 2) (piece 73).Therefore, as described in Figure 16 a, for each pixel in the image of catching, calculate from the visual path table of corrections (flow process according to Figure 15 produces operation A) four around the grid reference point; And by utilizing bilinear interpolation method that each pixel is repositioned onto correct position.
See the step of piece 73 among Figure 16 (and among Figure 16 a piece 73a, 73b) expression again, the drawing computing machine of each module has the image of the projection display screen of a no imaging optical path distortion, and includes only the distortion of projecting light path.
Be that the projection path table of corrections calculates in each projecting light path (piece 74) then.The projection path table of corrections provides the correction position of projection reference point in the distortion grid for the reference position of each desirable grid.The mode of calculating projection path table of corrections (piece 74) more specifically shows by the step 74a-74f among Figure 16 b.
As described in Figure 16, whether verify distortion less than threshold value (piece 75).If be not less than threshold value (promptly distorting), then judge and store the tram of reference point according to the flow process shown in Figure 16 c and sketch shown in Figure 12 greater than threshold value.
Then, to each pixel in the projection image (Figure 12 b) from the table of corrections of projector path, judge four around grid reference point PP1-PP4 (the piece 76a among Figure 16 c).By utilizing bilinear interpolation method (piece 76b), determine the corresponding point CP1-CP4 on the desirable correct grid, pixel is repositioned onto correct position CP (piece 76b).
After the distortion calibration of the projector path of each module being carried out above-mentioned is finished, other three module M2-M4 (piece 77) are repeated this program.In case finish all modular unit is implemented the B operation, then the projector of each modular unit is proofreaied and correct about the distortion in the optical system separately.
Operation C (Figure 17,17a)
Executable operations C (piece 53 among Figure 14) forms a synthetic projection image with calibration projector array.In this operation, the Projection Display of four modular units shown as four on synthetic display screen 2 planes tilings with parallel coordinate system treats that electromigration horizontally and vertically is moving, up to no imbrication and the surface of synthesizing display screen 2 of covering seamlessly.More specifically represented this operation among Figure 17 and the 17a, Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram of this operation.
Therefore, as shown in figure 17, from first module, project horizontal line (piece 81), and from the horizontal image in the first module imaging path be hunted down (piece 82).Then, from second module projection horizontal line (piece 83), and from the horizontal image in the first module imaging path be hunted down (piece 84).Afterwards, the position transverse horizontal skew and the vertical shift of the image that stores in the second module projector are aimed at (piece 85) up to line.By to these module calculated level skews and vertical shift and third and fourth module is repeated aforesaid step (piece 86).
Perpendicular line is repeated same program (piece 87), and particularly as the flow process among Figure 17 a, corresponding step is by shown in the piece 87a-87f.
Operation D (Fig. 8)
Operation C one finishes (piece 53 among Figure 14), with regard to executable operations D, detects and proofread and correct the heterogeneity of light intensity in all modules.This operation and is used light intensity detector (41 among the optical fiber 30 among Fig. 9 or Figure 10) specifically shown in the process flow diagram among Figure 18 for this purpose.
On to synthetic display screen 2, in the heteropical calibration of illumination, do following hypothesis:
1. the illumination difference between the module totally is state of nature, and the heterogeneity distribution profile shape that means module is similar, but dissimilar on amplitude.The difference of amplitude is the result of the difference of optical attenuator in the difference of bulb brightness in each module and each module.
2. the brightness in each module changes with extremely low spatial frequency gradual change.
3. the heterogeneity of brightness performance is according to known physical characteristics on the display screen of each module, as according to following formula:
I=k
*Cos (0)
*4 equations 1
Wherein
Brightness of illumination on the display screen that the I=observer sees;
Point on the 0=display screen is with respect to the angle of optical axis;
The k=random coefficient.
For the module of focal length=100cm, projected area=60cm * 80cm, the display screen bight drop to-31.4%.This decline is very mild and has circular symmetry with respect to the module optical axis.
As shown in figure 18, heteropical calibration of throwing light on comprises two key steps:
1. the heteropical calibration (for example, as mentioned above) in each module scope.
Come each modular calibration heterogeneity by the grey level who regulates each storage module image.The capacity of photomodulator is adopted in grey level's adjusting, regulates its transmissivity in subcontinuous mode.For example, suppose uniform white portion is projected on the display screen of whole module, and the hypothesis photomodulator has 256 gray levels.Painting processor will produce one, and to have gray level in the middle pixel of display screen be 255
*(1-0.314) or 175, be 255 image in the bight of display screen gray level.The gray level of other pixel will be calculated according to equation 1.These values will cause photomodulator with the illumination on the display screen of module on the whole surface of display screen equally distributed ratio decay transmitted light.
Aforementioned operation is carried out by the piece 90 and 91 of Figure 18, and all modules are suitable for.The result of this operation is that the brightness of display screen within each module is even, but the average brightness level between module and the module is with different.Difference between the module is calibrated by piece 92 and 93 next procedures of implementing.
2. the calibration of difference between the module:
As mentioned above, suppose after the calibration of step (1) (piece 90,91) that the field of each module is uniformly, but module is different with average (DC) intensity of module.Therefore, for the difference between the calibration module, system adopts sensor detector in each module, can read the average brightness level that projects the light on the display screen.As mentioned above, optical sensor comprises several optical fiber, and the top of optical fiber is connected to the surface of display screen, shown in 42 among 31 among Fig. 9 and Figure 10.The top of each optical fiber is compiled a part and is projected the light of display screen and this light beam is delivered to photo-detector.Because optical fiber is (about 100 μ m) and have only fiber tip to contact this fact with display screen as thin as a wafer, the minimally of optical fiber own disturbs the image that throws, and the major part of fiber lengths is away from display screen and focus.The reading (projecting the light intensity on the display screen) and will be input to painting processor of optical sensor.Painting processor will utilize the difference between this input computing module and control the decay of photomodulator, as the described calibration of step (1).
Under classify a design example as: projecting lens, E1-Nikkor, f=135, f/5.6; Imaging lens, Panasonic WV-Lf6; The LCD plate, Sharp model LQ64p312; Light source, 400W Tungsten-Halogen lamp, Osram HLX 64665; The drawing computing machine, Texas Instruments TMS320C80.
Display screen structure
Figure 19 and Figure 20 are four projectors 100 (having only two can see in the vertical view of Figure 19), and each projector provides moving of six degree.Each projector comprises a Fresnel lens 104 that the light of each projector projection is collimated.All Fresnel lenses are covered by public display screen 106, cover as the display screen that constitutes with a biconvex or scattering surface, are used for scattered light and provide homogeneity to any viewing angle thus.By element 110 blocking element 108 is placed in below the joint between the adjacent Fresnel Lenses,, and produces a seamless synthetic demonstration thus so that reduce the overlapping of light beam that the projector sends.
The mechanical checkout distortion
Following distortion can mechanically or optically be proofreaied and correct:
1. pincushion (PC) distorts and barrel distortion causes straightness distortion and overlapping gap.；
2. keystone effect;
3. the magnification between the adjacent projections device is poor;
4. rotational distortion; With
5. translation distortion.
The driver 102 that Figure 21 a-21c also represents how to control the projector 100 is proofreaied and correct the translations distortion, and (x, y), distortion (M) is amplified in rotational distortion (R), and because keystone effect (Ks
x, KS
y) due to distortion.Pincushion (PC) and barrel distortion can the one or more of refrative mirror 15a-15c proofread and correct among curved mirror such as Fig. 4 by utilizing.But the color registration distortion can digitally be proofreaied and correct by each pixel element being moved required subpixel distance.
Figure 22 a-22c represents to provide forward sight, side-looking and the top view of the mobile a kind of mode of six degree to each projection driver 102 respectively.Therefore the layout shown in Figure 22 a-22c comprises seven plate 111-117 that are supported on another top, and uppermost plate 117 supports the projector 100.Plate 112 distorts to translation to proofread and correct Y with respect to plate 111 vertical moving; But plate 113 on plate 112 horizontal slip to proofread and correct poor (M) of magnification; Plate 114 moves with corrected X translation distortion (X) at plate 113 upper edge x axles; Plate 115 can be placed on the plate 114 to proofread and correct keystone distortion distortion KSy rotationally around axle 115a; Plate 116 can be settled to proofread and correct keystone distortion distortion KSy rotationally around central shaft 116a; The pivot 117a of plate 117 winding boards 116 rotates to proofread and correct rotational distortion (R).
Figure 23 a-23c represents the different camera positions (preferably with symmetrical manner perpendicular to display screen) for the display screen of four projectors.Figure 23 a represents image is placed four video camera 121-124 at each display screen 131-134 center of the projector; Figure 23 b four video camera 141-144 that represent to be positioned with four display screen 151-154 of imaging edge; Figure 23 c five video camera 161-165 that represent to be positioned with four display screen 171-174 of imaging bight.Bight positioning layout shown in edge positioning layout shown in Figure 23 b and Figure 23 c makes it possible to correcting distorted better, because same video camera photographed more than module image and can become the center that problem area is more arranged.
Correction of color and intensity distortion
The correction of color distortion is implemented by the R/G/B composition of each projection pixel of change.The intensity homogeneity correction is implemented by identical mechanism, and the especially spinoff of color correction mechanism.For example, if G and B (promptly being respectively green and blue composition) do not change and R (red composition) amplifies 0.5 times, then pixel becomes " little red ".If but G, B and R all amplify 0.5 times, and then color does not change but strength degradation.
Two main causes that have that cause the distortion of color and intensity.First is that each projector utilizes its oneself bulb projection image, and each bulb have one by accurate manufacturing conditions decision and also time dependent unique emission spectrum feature (launching light usually reddens and light intensity decreasing in time; This sets up for normally used metal halide lamp in the projector).Therefore, each projector is with respect to the Light Difference on its contiguous projector generation color.Second reason (mainly being applicable to intensity correction) is because inner optical system causes the projector to send light intensity heterogeneous (the more outer part in center of image is subjected to more irradiation usually).
In system, two different operations are arranged about color (and thereby about intensity).
(1) estimation color distortion (part as calibration phase is carried out).
(2) color correction of all pixels (hardware by the control projector is carried out) in each projected frame.
Color distortion budget is carried out as the part in system calibration stage.It is based on the instrument of video camera (CCD) as colour measurement.Each video camera aims at the border of a plurality of adjacent areas, shown in Figure 23 b or Figure 23 c.Therefore, video camera at first is used to measure the color distortion between the adjacent projections device.This is undertaken by repeating the following basic step (comprising following operation) of several:
(1) by two (or four) the adjacent identical color and intensity (as identical R/G/B digital value) of projector projection.
(2) catch the snap (snapshot) in the zone that covers by the projector.This step can repeat for several times to improve SNR by average snap.
(3) analyze the image catch R with two (or a plurality of) projectors of budget
i/ G
i/ B
i, being seen as the layout among Figure 23 b and the 23c as video camera.This if the pixel that throws respectively by average each projector simply can realize.
Various R/G/B structures are repeated repeatedly this basic step, but a restriction is arranged: have only a kind of color composition to get nonzero value.Do not need to measure complicated R/G/B structure, because they all are basic R/0/0, the linearity of 0/G/0 and 0/0/R is synthetic.
Next procedure is R
i/ G
i/ B
iBe transformed into the CIE-XYZ chromaticity coordinate system.This is a problem that has been solved in the literature, for example see February nineteen ninety-five the Connoly C. that " dyestuff and color consortium journal " (Journal of society of dyers and colorists) delivers, " using video camera to carry out long-range color measuring " that Leung T.W.W.and Nobbs J. is shown (' The use of video cameras for remote colour measurement ').
The problem that solves is known as " panchromatic map " (or as " color notation conversion space ") in the literature.Its objective is the color image of (space that promptly reduces) color performance that utilizes a group to limit, make that common spectators can be near as far as possible near raw image." illumination in the computer graphics and color (Illumination and color in computergenerated imagery) " (the Spring Verlag 1989) of Roy Hall and A.S.Glassner et al are at ACM, Transaction on Graphics, Vol 14 No.1 Jan-95; " at the powdering (Device Directed Rendering) of device " among the pages58-76 all is good reference.
Utilize hardware that each pixel is carried out color calibration.Calibration comprises three calibrations:
(1) linearization: utilize question blank, replace each R/G/B value with X=X-X0, wherein X represents R/G/B respectively, and (Gamma) is a known constant, represents the electro-optical characteristic of the projector.It is because the linear ratio of practical measurement illumination that the new value and the projector produce that this step is called " linearization ".
(2) conversion: a kind of simple linear transformation (using 3 * 3 matrixes) that causes new R/G/B tlv triple.
The flow process of Figure 24 represents to proofread and correct the abovementioned steps that the color registration distortion is adopted in single projector, and Figure 25 and 26 is synoptic diagram of this operation.Four steps finishing in the flow process shown in Figure 24 produce a table of corrections, and each color pixel is moved to required subpixel value and assembles distortion with correcting color in the table.
Proofread and correct the distortion of geometric configuration
Another embodiment to operation B and C is represented in following description, and operation B and C are expressed among Figure 14 the part as main embodiment.
Present embodiment is based on the existence and the possibility that detect fixed datum, and wherein datum line is accurately between adjacent Fresnel lens.Go accurately to fill the rectangle that forms by datum line by the shape of adjusting each projection image, avoid the needs of across-the-board regulation (being aforesaid operations).The detection of datum line can be by this true realization of video camera receiving element 108 dorsal parts (in Figure 19) emitted light beams.
Carry out digitized image sensor adjustment (as above-mentioned operation B) by carrying out the known algorithm of sampling again.Individually each projection image is sampled again in identical mode.Utilizing no change, nonuniformity, nonlinear pixel to distribute samples again.In case mean thus to utilize and considered the ideal position of pixel on display screen and the complicated formulas of the various distortion parameters of definite projector characteristic, just can pre-determine the position of each pixel of sampling again.For example, if the projector and 0.5 pixel of right side deviation when finding the projection raw image, then 0.5 pixel in left side of the original pixel of the pixel correspondence of each projection is sampled again in the image of shaping again.The formula of the reality in the present embodiment has been considered vertical moving (stating Y as) similarly, amplification factor (M), and axially rotation (R), level and vertical trapezium distortion (KSx, KSy) and pincushion distortion effect (PC) or tubular effect.
Find these distortion parameters in utilizing the system calibration step of algorithm shown in Figure 27, parameter is as follows:
Each module is calibrated separately by this scheme.This algorithm serves as zero beginning (step 201 among Figure 27) with all distortion parameters that are provided with when front module (known during beginning).This causes the original image of projection, and image is not formalized again.This algorithm only uses one type image, and it is a rectangle (among Figure 28 as can be seen) of datum line inside.The point of rectangle is to the constant distance between the outer rectangle (being formed by datum line) in forming.Iteration is used this algorithm, the value of distortion parameter in each iteration that strives for improvement.
In step 202 (Figure 27), throwed the image of the formation interior rectangle that a currency that utilizes distortion parameter proofreaies and correct.In step 203, catch this image and measure the distance shown in Figure 28.In step 204, utilize of the correction of the distance calculation of mensuration in step 203 to distortion parameter (being dX, dY, dM etc.).The following step is the key of this algorithm: if distortion parameter is correct, and rectangle in the projection rightly then; Therefore all distances that record in step 203 all equate, and the amount of calculating in step 204 all equals zero.
In step 205, utilize the correction equation in the step 204 to upgrade distortion parameter, equation is expressed as X=X+dY, Y=Y+dY etc.To the iterative algorithm that adopts with specific accurate statement to control the convergence of distortion parameter.A kind of possible algorithm is that " direction setting " (or " conjugate gradient " technology) is (as W.H.Press, B.P.Flannery, S.A.Teukalsky and W.T.Betterling are at " Mumerical Recipies in C ", Cambrigde University Press, ISBN-0-521-35465-X, first volume of Chapt 10 (maximization of function or minimize) is described in 1988).
In step 206, calculate the relative variation of distortion parameter.If the value of being somebody's turn to do is very near zero, then algorithm finishes.Otherwise, get back to the new iteration of step 202 beginning.But rectangle is sampled again in the mode that is different from a preceding iteration in this moment.Therefore, projection is to carry out near the form of its due perfect rectangle as far as possible.
Although the present invention is described about several preferred embodiments, should understand these and describe just for example purposes, can also do multiple variation.For example, each modular unit can comprise the display screen of oneself, with the entire display screen of the synthetic display screen overlay module unit of a separation.In addition, calibration operation can be undertaken by outer computer.A lot of other remodeling of the present invention, adjustment and application are conspicuous.
Claims (57)
1. Eletro-optical display apparatus comprises:
A display screen;
A plurality of modular units, each modular unit comprise that one receives electric signal, electrical signal conversion is become optical image and optical image projected to the projector of display screen through optical projection system;
Thereby a plurality of the arrangement with parallel connected array produces the synthetic modular unit that shows on display screen;
This device also comprises a calibration system, and detected distortion correction is synthetic to be shown to be directed to be used to detect electric signal on the projector that distortion that the optical projection system of each modular unit causes and correction be applied to each modular unit.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that each modular unit also comprise one on the sensing display screen optical image and image conversion is become the image sensor of electric signal; With one the optical imaging system of display screen imaging to the image sensor;
And wherein said calibration system also detects by the distortion of optical imaging system generation in synthetic demonstration the and the electric signal of the projector that correction is applied to each modular unit, thereby at the synthetic demonstration of these detected distortion corrections.
3. device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described display screen is that a kind of size and structure cover the printing opacity display screen on all modular units.
4. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that described calibration system comprises the two-dimensional array of the reference point of given position on the display screen surface.
5. device according to claim 4 is characterized in that the two-dimensional array of reference point is determined by the point of crossing of a plurality of horizontal datums and a plurality of vertical reference lines on the display screen.
6. device according to claim 5 is characterized in that horizontal datum and vertical reference line are produced by the luminescent material that is carried on the display screen surface, and a light source is used for excitation light-emitting material to impel it luminous.
7. device according to claim 6 is characterized in that the datum line of luminescent material is on the rear surface of display screen, and the front surface of display screen serves as and writes the surface.
8. device according to claim 4, the two-dimensional array that it is characterized in that reference point are end points of optical fiber on the display screen.
9. device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that calibration system produces a projector path table of corrections to each modular unit, be used to proofread and correct the known location of reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen and project deviation between the correspondence position of the reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that calibration system also produces a visual path table of corrections to each modular unit, be used to proofread and correct the known location of reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen and project deviation between the correspondence position of the reference point two-dimensional array on the display screen.
11. device according to claim 4 is characterized in that calibration system also utilizes the two-dimensional array of reference point on the display screen merge to show, to eliminate imbrication and the gap in synthetic the demonstration.
12. device according to claim 4 is characterized in that display screen also comprises a plurality of optical fiber, their end is in the light intensity that a plurality of interval locations on the display screen inside surface are used to detect above-mentioned position.
13. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Each projector comprises a driver with a plurality of one-movement-freedom-degrees;
Calibration system is calibrated the distortion that some detect at least by the driver of the control projector.
14. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that calibration system detects through the following steps and correcting color is assembled distortion:
To a plurality of adjacent view field's imaging, on image sensor, to produce the optical image of these adjacent areas;
Analyze above-mentioned optical image, with the distortion of the color registration in the color pixel of calculating image;
Each color pixel in above-mentioned synthetic demonstration numeral is again navigated to a sub-pixel value, assemble distortion with correcting color.
15. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Each projector comprises the Fresnel lens that a light beam that each projector is sent collimates;
Public display screen with the light scattering face that covers all described Fresnel lenses;
And the blocking element below the contact between the adjacent Fresnel lens, so that reduce the overlapping of light beam that the projector sends, and produce a seamless synthetic demonstration thus.
16. an Eletro-optical display apparatus comprises:
One at one end by the cavity of display screen closure;
A projector that comprises optical projection system in above-mentioned cavity is used to receive electric signal, and electric signal is changed into optical image, and optical image is projected on the display screen as a demonstration;
A computing machine that electric signal is offered rear projector;
Optical image on sensing display screen also changes into image the image sensor of electric signal;
One the optical imaging system of display screen imaging to the image sensor;
With a calibration system, be used for detecting the distortion that is presented at the image on the display screen and correction and be applied to the image of electric signal on the rear projector to show at detected distortion correction.
17. device according to claim 16 is characterized in that display screen is a kind of screen that writes of light transmissive material.
18. device according to claim 17 is characterized in that calibration system build in the said apparatus.
19. device according to claim 18 is characterized in that calibration system comprises that is writing the reference point two-dimensional array of known location on the screen surfaces.
20. device according to claim 19 is characterized in that the two-dimensional array of reference point is determined by the point of crossing that writes the last a plurality of horizontal datums of screen and a plurality of vertical reference lines.
21. device according to claim 20 is characterized in that horizontal datum and vertical reference line are used for excitation light-emitting material and produce to impel its luminous light source by being deposited on the luminescent material that writes on the screen surfaces and one.
Write the screen rear surface 22. device according to claim 21, the datum line that it is characterized in that luminescent material are positioned at, the front surface that writes screen is as writing the surface.
23. device according to claim 19, the two-dimensional array that it is characterized in that reference point are to write the end points that screen is gone up optical fiber.
24. device according to claim 19, it is characterized in that calibration system produces a projector path table of corrections, be used to proofread and correct the deviation that writes between the correspondence position that shields the known location that goes up the reference point two-dimensional array and project the reference point two-dimensional array that writes on the screen.
25. device according to claim 24, it is characterized in that calibration system also produces a visual path table of corrections, be used to proofread and correct and write screen and go up the known location of reference point two-dimensional array and imaging to the deviation between the correspondence position that writes the reference point two-dimensional array on the screen.
26. comprise the Eletro-optical display apparatus of a plurality of devices according to claim 16,
Described multiple arrangement is made of the identical size that is arranged to side by side relationship and the modular unit of shape, merges each and shows to produce synthetic a demonstration;
The size and the shape of described synthetic light-transmission type display screen cover all modular units;
Described calibration system detects the distortion in synthetic the demonstration and revises the electric signal that the computing machine by each modular unit provides, to show at detected distortion correction is synthetic.
27. device according to claim 26 is characterized in that:
Each projector comprises a driver with a plurality of one-movement-freedom-degrees;
Calibration system is calibrated some detected distortion at least by the driver of the control projector.
28. device according to claim 26 is characterized in that calibration system detects through the following steps and correcting color is assembled distortion:
To a plurality of adjacent view field's imaging, on image sensor, to produce the optical image of these adjacent areas;
Analyze above-mentioned optical image, with the distortion of the color registration in the color pixel of calculating image;
Each color pixel in above-mentioned synthetic demonstration numeral is again navigated to a sub-pixel value, assemble distortion with correcting color.
29. device according to claim 26 is characterized in that
Each projector comprises the Fresnel lens of a beam collimation that each projector is sent;
Public display screen with the light scattering face that covers all described Fresnel lenses;
And the blocking element below the contact between the adjacent Fresnel lens, so that reduce the overlapping of light beam that the projector sends, and produce a seamless synthetic demonstration thus.
30. an Eletro-optical display apparatus comprises:
A display screen;
A rear projector comprises that one receives first electric signal, electric signal is transformed into optical image and optical image is projected the optical system that becomes a demonstration on the display screen;
An image sensor, comprise one the display screen imaging to image sensor, and optical image is converted to the optical imaging system of second electric signal;
With a computing machine that is used to receive and handle above-mentioned first and second electric signal.
31. device as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that this device also comprises a cavity, described display screen is a kind of light transmissive material screen, and described rear projector and image sensor are included in the cavity.
32. device as claimed in claim 31, it is characterized in that this device also comprises a calibration system, be used for detecting distortion that on described display screen, shows that causes by optical projection system and optical imaging system and the output that is used for the corrected Calculation machine to show at detected distortion correction.
33. device as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that described calibration system comprises the two-dimensional array that writes the reference point of known location on the panel.
34. device as claimed in claim 33 is characterized in that the two-dimensional array of described reference point is determined by the point of crossing that writes the last a plurality of horizontal datums of screen and a plurality of vertical reference lines.
35. device according to claim 34 is characterized in that horizontal datum and vertical reference line are used for excitation light-emitting material and produce to impel its luminous light source by being deposited on the luminescent material that writes on the screen surfaces and one.
36. device according to claim 35 is characterized in that the datum line of luminescent material is on the rear surface that writes screen, the front surface that writes screen serves as and writes the surface.
37. device according to claim 33, the two-dimensional array that it is characterized in that reference point are to write the end points that screen is gone up optical fiber.
38. device according to claim 32, it is characterized in that calibration system produces a projector path table of corrections, be used to proofread and correct the deviation that writes between the correspondence position that shields the known location that goes up the reference point two-dimensional array and project the reference point two-dimensional array that writes on the screen.
39. according to the described device of claim 38, it is characterized in that calibration system also produces a visual path table of corrections, be used to proofread and correct and write screen and go up the known location of reference point two-dimensional array and imaging to the deviation between the correspondence position that writes the reference point two-dimensional array on the screen.
40. device according to claim 32 is characterized in that calibration system is produced in the projector.
41. device according to claim 32 is characterized in that calibration system is configured to the unit that separates with the described projector.
42. comprise a plurality of Eletro-optical display apparatus according to the described device of claim 32,
Described multiple arrangement is made of the identical size that is arranged to side by side relationship and the modular unit of shape, and each demonstration that merges them is to produce synthetic a demonstration;
Described display screen is the light-transmission type display screen that a kind of size and shape cover all modular units;
Described calibration system detects the distortion in synthetic the demonstration and revises the electric signal that the computing machine by each modular unit provides, to show at detected distortion correction is synthetic.
43. one kind produces the method that electric light shows, comprising:
A plurality of modular units are provided, and each modular unit comprises a projector, and the projector is used to receive electric signal, electrical signal conversion is become optical image and through optical projection system optical image projected to display screen;
Thereby arrange described a plurality of modular unit with parallel connected array and on display screen, produce synthetic the demonstration;
Detect the distortion in synthetic the demonstration;
And the electric signal of revising on the projector that is applied to each modular unit synthesizes demonstration to be directed to detected distortion correction.
44., it is characterized in that modular unit also comprises optical image on the sensing display screen and image changed into the image sensor of electric signal according to the described method of claim 43; With one the optical imaging system of display screen imaging to the image sensor;
And, wherein be applied to distortion in the synthetic demonstration that electric signal detects and the calibrating optical imaging system causes on the projector of each modular unit by correction.
45. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that detecting distortion by the two-dimensional array that produces reference point in the display screen surface known position.
46., it is characterized in that the two-dimensional array of reference point is determined by the point of crossing of a plurality of horizontal datums and a plurality of vertical reference lines on the display screen according to the described method of claim 45.
47., it is characterized in that horizontal datum and vertical reference line are used to excite described luminescent material to produce to impel its luminous light source by being deposited on luminescent material on the display screen surface and one according to the described method of claim 46.
48. according to the described method of claim 47, it is characterized in that the datum line of luminescent material is applied on the rear surface of display screen, the front surface of display screen serves as and writes the surface.
49., it is characterized in that of the end points generation of the two-dimensional array of reference point by the optical fiber of display screen carrying according to the described method of claim 45.
50. according to the described method of claim 43, it is characterized in that each module is produced a projector path table of corrections, be used to proofread and correct the deviation that writes between the correspondence position that shields the known location that goes up the reference point two-dimensional array and project the reference point two-dimensional array that writes on the screen.
51. according to the described method of claim 50, it is characterized in that each module is produced a visual path table of corrections, be used to proofread and correct and write screen and go up the known location of reference point two-dimensional array and imaging to the deviation between the correspondence position that writes the reference point two-dimensional array on the screen.
52. according to the described method of claim 45, it is characterized in that the two-dimensional array of reference point is used to merge the demonstration of modular unit on the display screen, thereby eliminate imbrication and gap in synthetic the demonstration.
53., it is characterized in that light intensity is detected in the everywhere of a plurality of positions that are separated by on the display screen inside surface according to the described method of claim 43; And the optical projection device of control module unit is so that light intensity is even.
54., it is characterized in that according to the described method of claim 43
Each projector comprises a driver with multiple one-movement-freedom-degree;
The driver of the control projector is so that just some detected distortion of major.
55. according to the described method of claim 43, it is characterized in that coming the correcting color distortion by the intensity that detects each color composition in synthetic the demonstration, and revise the electric signal of the projector be applied to each modular unit, thereby show at colored distortion correction is synthetic.
56., it is characterized in that color registration distortion correction through the following steps according to the described method of claim 43:
To a plurality of adjacent view field's imaging, on image sensor, to produce the optical image of these adjacent areas;
Analyze above-mentioned optical image, with the distortion of the color registration in the color pixel of calculating image;
Each color pixel in above-mentioned synthetic demonstration numeral is again navigated to a sub-pixel value, assemble distortion with correcting color.
57., it is characterized in that according to the described method of claim 43
Each projector comprises the Fresnel lens of a beam collimation that each projector is sent;
Public display screen with the light scattering face that covers all described Fresnel lenses;
And the blocking element below the contact between the adjacent Fresnel lens, so that reduce the overlapping of light beam that the projector sends, and produce a seamless synthetic demonstration thus.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/931,942 | 1997-09-17 | ||
| US08/931,942 US6219011B1 (en) | 1996-09-17 | 1997-09-17 | Electro-optical display apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1279801A true CN1279801A (en) | 2001-01-10 |
Family
ID=25461555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98811250 Pending CN1279801A (en) | 1997-09-17 | 1998-08-24 | Eletro-optical display apparatus |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1023706A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002503892A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1279801A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU743173B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2303128A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999014716A1 (en) |
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| JP3879858B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2007-02-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Image processing system, projector, and image processing method |
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| KR101614415B1 (en) | 2005-12-06 | 2016-04-21 | 돌비 레버러토리즈 라이쎈싱 코오포레이션 | Modular electronic displays |
| WO2010116836A1 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-14 | 日本電気株式会社 | Multiprojection display system and screen forming method |
| US20120169684A1 (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-05 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Seamless mosaic projection system and method of aligning the same |
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| US4866530A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1989-09-12 | Kalua Kevin A | Multiple screen, modular video display projection system |
| US5495269A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1996-02-27 | Xerox Corporation | Large area electronic writing system |
| JPH06138849A (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1994-05-20 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal video display device |
| JP3534785B2 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 2004-06-07 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | High reality image display method and device |
| JPH06178244A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-06-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method and device for processing picture projection display device |
| US5434595A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1995-07-18 | Hughes Aircraft Company | System and method for automatically correcting x-y image distortion in a display |
| JPH07239504A (en) * | 1994-03-01 | 1995-09-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Large display device |
| JP3735158B2 (en) * | 1996-06-06 | 2006-01-18 | オリンパス株式会社 | Image projection system and image processing apparatus |
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1998
- 1998-08-24 AU AU88830/98A patent/AU743173B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-08-24 JP JP2000512177A patent/JP2002503892A/en active Pending
- 1998-08-24 EP EP98940527A patent/EP1023706A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-24 CA CA002303128A patent/CA2303128A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-24 CN CN 98811250 patent/CN1279801A/en active Pending
- 1998-08-24 WO PCT/IL1998/000402 patent/WO1999014716A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1875621B (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2010-09-29 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Rear projection-type multi-projection display |
| CN103324017A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-25 | 杭州曼加科技有限公司 | Multimedia information display system based on LED projection module structure |
| CN103324017B (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-07-22 | 杭州曼加科技有限公司 | Multimedia information display system based on LED projection module structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1999014716A1 (en) | 1999-03-25 |
| CA2303128A1 (en) | 1999-03-25 |
| EP1023706A4 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
| AU743173B2 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| AU8883098A (en) | 1999-04-05 |
| EP1023706A1 (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| JP2002503892A (en) | 2002-02-05 |
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