CN1278988C - Nano silver shell/monodisperse silicon dioxide composite particle material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Nano silver shell/monodisperse silicon dioxide composite particle material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1278988C
CN1278988C CN 200410009273 CN200410009273A CN1278988C CN 1278988 C CN1278988 C CN 1278988C CN 200410009273 CN200410009273 CN 200410009273 CN 200410009273 A CN200410009273 A CN 200410009273A CN 1278988 C CN1278988 C CN 1278988C
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silver
silicon dioxide
nano
shell
nanometer
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CN1715240A (en
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唐芳琼
陈渊
曹静
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of functional composite materials and preparation methods thereof, and particularly relates to a composite particle material of a nano metal shell/a silicon dioxide core, a preparation method and application thereof, and a method for solving the problem of nano powder agglomeration formed by composite particles of the nano metal shell/the silicon dioxide core. The generated silver nano shell is combined and assembled on the surface of the spherical nano silica particle in the reaction process by adopting a thermal decomposition method to form the composite particle material with a spherical/shell shape. The nanometer silver is coated on the silicon dioxide, the characteristics of the silicon dioxide and the silver are compounded together, so that the material has the functionalized characteristics of light weight, nonlinear optics and low radiance, and can be applied to active components of automobile catalysts, variable-wavelength particles of nonlinear optical materials, wavelength adjusting particles of surface plasmon materials, light emitters of photochromic materials, storage media of optical storage materials, sensitized nanoparticles of sensors, toning pigments of automobile metal pigments, silicate pigments for ceramics and the like.

Description

Nanometer silver shell/monodisperse silica composite particulate material and method for making and purposes
Technical field
The invention belongs to functional composite material and preparation method field, be particularly related to composite particulate material of a kind of nano metal shell/silica core and its production and use, relate to that the composite particles that solves nano metal shell/silica core is formed receives the method that powder body reunites.
Background technology
Nano silicon density is low, specific surface area is big, thermal conductivity is little, is a kind of good lightweight, heat insulation, soundproof material.The nano metal clad composite material is adjustable owing to having structure variation, composition and performance, characteristics such as easily processing is compound can be used as the novel surface plasman material catalyst, nonlinear optical material, photochromic material, optical memory material, solid state sensor material, automobile metal pigment, water-glass paint of excellent property etc.Nano metal coating thickness and monodisperse silica particulate size have remarkable influence to the surface plasmon material property, coat metals such as gold or silver at silica sphere, come design surface plasman matrix material, as the apparatus monodisperse spherical ferriferrous oxide particles etc. that is magnetic, can provide for the development research of novel material a novelty, wide compound modulation space.
In solution, carry out preparing the existing many reports of composite particles at silica sphere coating gold and silver, zinc oxide, zirconium white, titanium dioxide and zinc sulphide, Cadmium Sulfide, but yet there are no the solid state reaction approach that adopts in the physico-chemical process preparation of industrialization composite particles so far, and solve the microstage powder reuniting problem of receiving that composite particles caused of nano metal shell/monodisperse silica nuclear at monodisperse silica surface clad nano silver.
Utilize the interface seed law, chemical precipitation method, the chemistry redox method, the layer assembly method, ultrasonic synthesis method, reverse micelle methods etc. are at the silica sphere clad metal, its defective is that colloidal grain surface has electric charge and uncontrollable coating thickness, referring to Langmuir 2000,16,2731, or be the use of reductive agent and interface activation seed etc. and bring impurity, referring to Apply.Phys.letter.1999.75,2897, or be that thereby repetitive operation preparation process too much in the layer assembly method can't industrialization, referring to Chemistry Letters Vol.32, No.8 (2003) and J.Phys.Chem.B Vol.107.No.45, (2003), the equipment in ultrasonic synthesis method that is is difficult to industrialization, referring to Langmuir 2002,18,3352-3357 (2002).
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is a modulation surface plasmon composite property, utilizes nanometer silver to coat the monodisperse nano silicon dioxide particle, and coating thickness can once be controlled and finish, and a kind of nanometer silver shell/monodisperse silica composite particulate material is provided; Have electric charge and uncontrollable coating thickness with the colloidal grain surface that overcomes the composite particulate material that existing method prepares, the use of reductive agent and interface activation seed etc. and bring defective such as impurity.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of employing chemical thermal decomposition in reaction process the nanocrystalline complex group of silver to be contained on the spheric nanometer silicon dioxide particle surface, hot cutting forms the composite particulate material of a kind of nanometer silver shell/monodisperse silica sphere particle shape through inert solvent, thereby can realize suitability for industrialized production.
A further object of the present invention provides the physical chemistry cutting of a kind of nano metal/silica composite granules material and modifies method, this method is applicable to the formation of nano metal shell on monodispersed ball shaped nano particle, this method is utilized the capillary condensation trend of solvent, and drive and induction stirring makes the solvent infiltration nano metal crystalline substance/formed powder of monodisperse silica composite particles hole with heat, make metallic nano crystal be fused into shell, eliminate and reunite.
The present invention goes back the purposes that a purpose provides nanometer silver shell/monodisperse silica composite particulate material.
Nanometer silver shell of the present invention/monodisperse silica composite particulate material is the composite particulate material of spherical shell/nuclear structure, and described is spherical monodisperse nano silicon dioxide by coating sill, and it is that silver is nanocrystalline that described shell coats material; Described even coating layer is approximately 5~90 nanometer thickness.
The particle diameter of described nanometer silicon dioxide particle is 60 to 800 nanometers.
Described nanometer silver shell/monodisperse silica composite particulate material is that silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group is contained on the spheric nanometer silicon dioxide particle surface, form the composite particulate material of a kind of ball/hull shape shape, wherein the nanocrystalline part by weight with nano silicon of silver can preferably want root a tree name silica dioxide granule size to adjust in 1~5 scope in the composite particulate material.
The preparation method of nanometer silver shell of the present invention/monodisperse silica composite particulate material may further comprise the steps:
(1) the mono-dispersed nano silica dioxide granule is mixed with silver suboxide or Silver Nitrate place mill to grind, wherein, mono-dispersed nano silica dioxide granule and silver suboxide or Silver Nitrate weight ratio are 1~5;
(2) mixture after step (1) is ground is positioned in the stove and heats, and temperature ranges is at 340 ℃ to 460 ℃;
(3) resultant with step (2) is positioned in the autoclave, adds inert solvent, stirs, and wherein the weight percent concentration of suspension is 0.01%~10%, sealing; Ageing in 60~290 ℃ of scopes;
(4) resultant of step with centrifugal separation (3) with alcohol solvent washing, separate, obtains silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group and is contained in composite particulate material on the spheric monodisperse nano silicon dioxide particle surface after the drying.
Preferred version:
(1) the mono-dispersed nano silica dioxide granule is mixed with silver suboxide or Silver Nitrate places the lapping using star lapping machine device to grind a few hours; Nanometer silicon dioxide particle and silver suboxide or Silver Nitrate part by weight can preferably want root a tree name silica dioxide granule size to adjust in 1~5 scope;
(2) mixture after step (1) is ground is positioned in the electric furnace and heats, and treatment temp is between 340 ℃ to 460 ℃, and insulation a few hours preferably at 24 hours, are cooled to room temperature to a couple of days;
(3) resultant with step (2) is positioned in the autoclave, adds full-bodied, high boiling inert liq solvent, stirs, and wherein the weight percent concentration of suspension is 0.01%~10%; Preferably, seal 0.01%~0.5%; Ageing in 60~290 ℃ of scopes preferably will be according to silver-colored nanoshell thickness difference, and heating and average rate stir under specific temperature, keep a few hours or a couple of days;
(4) resultant of step with centrifugal separation (3) repeatedly washs, separates with alcohol solvent, obtains silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group after the drying and is contained in the lip-deep composite particulate material of spheric nanometer silicon dioxide particle.
Described full-bodied, high boiling inert liq solvent is alkanes such as paraffin oil, or polyalcohols such as glycerine, ethylene glycol.
After described step (3) drips inert solvent, make no air filled cavity existence in the autoclave.
Described sealing material is a polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material.
Physical chemistry solvent thermal method of cutting out of the present invention, also can be applicable to the preparation of the particulate material of other shell/nuclear structure, as being the nano metal shell, be nuclear with aluminium sesquioxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, Z 250 monodisperse spherical particle with metallic nickel, iron.
The present invention adopts chemical thermal decomposition the silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group that generates can be contained on the monodisperse silica particle surface in reaction process, forms the even coating layer of silver of about 5~80 nanometer thickness.Nanometer silver shell of the present invention/list disperses the composite particulate material preparation method easy, and cost is low, the product purity height; Because the present invention adopts the solid state reaction approach in the physico-chemical process to make suitability for industrialized production be easy to carry out.
Characteristics of the present invention are to pass through silicon dioxide coated by Nano silver, the characteristic of silicon-dioxide and silver is combined with each other, make material have the functionalization feature of light weight, nonlinear optics, low-E, the toner pigment, pottery that can be applicable to sensitizing nano particle, the automobile metal pigment of storage media, the transmitter of twinkler, the optical memory material of wavelength adjustment particulate, the photochromic material of change wavelength particulate, the surface plasmon material of automobile catalyst activeconstituents, nonlinear optical material is with water-glass paint etc.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A. thick 14 to the 19 Nano composite granules Electronic Speculum figure that are about of the embodiment of the invention 1 silver medal shell.
Figure 1B. thick 60 to the 85 Nano composite granules Electronic Speculum figure that are about of the embodiment of the invention 2 silver medal shells.
Fig. 2. the XRD figure of the silver-colored shell/silica composite granules of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) silver suboxides that the monodispersed silica dioxide granules of 250 nanometers and 4.0 of 3.5 grams are restrained mix and place the lapping using star lapping machine device, grind a few hours;
(2) mixture after the grinding is positioned in the electric furnace and heats, and treatment temp is incubated after one day at 340 ℃, is cooled to room temperature;
(3) resultant is positioned in the autoclave, adds full-bodied, high boiling inert liq solvent paraffin oil and induction stirring, the weight percent concentration of suspension is 0.1%, sealing; 130 ℃ of heating and stirrings down, keep a few hours or a couple of days;
(4) centrifugation is repeatedly washed, is separated with alcohol solvent, obtains the wavelength adjustment particulate that silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group is contained in the lip-deep yellow surfaces plasman of spheric nanometer silicon dioxide particle material after the drying, and bed thickness is about 14 to 19 nanometers.
Embodiment 2
(1) silver suboxides that the monodispersed silica dioxide granules of 250 nanometers and 4.0 of 5.25 grams are restrained mix and place the lapping using star lapping machine device, grind a few hours;
(2) mixture after the grinding is positioned in the electric furnace and heats, and treatment temp is incubated after one day at 360 ℃, is cooled to room temperature;
(3) resultant is positioned in the autoclave, adds full-bodied, high boiling inert liq solvent paraffin oil and induction stirring, the weight percent concentration of suspension is 0.01%, sealing; 120 ℃ of heating and stirrings down, keep a few hours or a couple of days;
(4) centrifugation is repeatedly washed, is separated with alcohol solvent, obtains the wavelength adjustment particulate that silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group is contained in the lip-deep light yellow surface plasmon material of spheric nanometer silicon dioxide particle after the drying, and bed thickness is about 60 to 85 nanometers.
Embodiment 3
(1) silver suboxides that 400 nanometer silicon dioxide particles and 4.0 of 3.5 grams are restrained mix and place the lapping using star lapping machine device, grind a few hours;
(2) mixture after the grinding is positioned in the electric furnace and heats, and treatment temp is incubated a few hours to a couple of days at 380 ℃, is cooled to room temperature;
(3) resultant is positioned in the autoclave, adds full-bodied, high boiling inert liq solvent glycerin and induction stirring, the weight percent concentration of suspension is 3%, sealing; 120 ℃ of heating and stirrings down, keep a few hours or a couple of days;
(4) centrifugation is repeatedly washed, is separated with alcohol solvent, obtains the wavelength adjustment particulate that silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group is contained in the lip-deep light yellow surface plasma vibrator material of spheric nanometer silicon dioxide particle after the drying, and bed thickness is about 12 to 16 nanometers.

Claims (9)

1. nanometer silver shell/monodisperse silica composite particulate material, it is characterized in that: described material is the composite particulate material of spherical shell/nuclear structure, described is spherical mono-dispersed nano silicon-dioxide by coating the base material ball, and it is that silver is nanocrystalline that described shell coats material; Described even coating layer is 5~90 nanometer thickness; The particle diameter of described nanometer silicon dioxide particle is 60 to 800 nanometers.
2. material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: nanocrystalline and part by weight nano silicon of silver is 1~5 in the described composite particulate material.
3. the preparation method of nanometer silver shell according to claim 1/monodisperse silica composite particulate material, it is characterized in that: described method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the mono-dispersed nano silica dioxide granule is mixed with silver suboxide or Silver Nitrate place mill to grind, wherein, mono-dispersed nano silica dioxide granule and silver suboxide or Silver Nitrate weight ratio are 1~5;
(2) mixture after step (1) is ground is positioned in the stove and heats, and temperature ranges is at 340 ℃ to 460 ℃;
(3) resultant with step (2) is positioned in the autoclave, adds inert solvent, stirs, and wherein the weight percent concentration of suspension is 0.01%~10%, sealing; Ageing in 60~290 ℃ of scopes;
(4) resultant of step with centrifugal separation (3) with alcohol solvent washing, separate, obtains silver-colored nanocrystalline complex group and is contained in composite particulate material on the spheric monodisperse nano silicon dioxide particle surface after the drying.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: after described step (3) drips inert solvent, make no air filled cavity existence in the autoclave.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: described solvent is paraffin oil, glycerine or ethylene glycol.
6. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the bed thickness that described nanocrystalline complex group is contained on the spheric monodisperse nano silicon dioxide particle surface is 5~90 nanometers.
7. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described nanometer silicon dioxide particle is 60 to 800 nanometers.
8. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: sealing material is a polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material.
9. purposes according to the described nanometer silver shell of claim 1~2/monodisperse silica composite particulate material, it is characterized in that: described material is applied to change wavelength particulate, the wavelength adjustment particulate of surface plasmon material, the twinkler of photochromic material, the storage media of optical memory material, the sensitizing nano particle of transmitter, the toner pigment of automobile metal pigment, the pottery water-glass paint of automobile catalyst activeconstituents, nonlinear optical material.
CN 200410009273 2004-06-28 2004-06-28 Nano silver shell/monodisperse silicon dioxide composite particle material and preparation method and application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN1278988C (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101003907B (en) * 2006-12-14 2010-08-11 南京大学 Method for preparing metal and dielectric composite grains of silicon dioxide coated by Nano silver
CN101245148B (en) * 2007-02-13 2012-05-23 镇江爱邦电子科技有限公司 Monodisperse high-performance conductive silver particle
CN100515614C (en) * 2007-06-05 2009-07-22 暨南大学 Core-shell structure composite nanometer material and preparation method thereof
CN101775279B (en) * 2010-01-28 2014-01-01 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Fluorescent powder with core-shell structure and preparation method thereof
CN101857239B (en) * 2010-06-08 2012-05-23 厦门大学 Preparation method of composite hollow silicate
CN101890349B (en) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-04 大连理工大学 Preparation method of mesoporous silicon oxide-based silver catalyst and application thereof in carbon monoxide oxidation
CN106886090B (en) * 2017-01-25 2020-04-21 东南大学 Miniature dynamic color matching device
CN111485976A (en) * 2019-01-28 2020-08-04 华中师范大学 Diesel particulate trap loaded with macroporous perovskite oxide and application thereof
CN114716235A (en) * 2022-06-07 2022-07-08 佛山市陶莹新型材料有限公司 Super-heat-conduction rare earth nano ceramic material and preparation method thereof

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