CN1277102C - Dicyclic resonant fiber gyro - Google Patents
Dicyclic resonant fiber gyro Download PDFInfo
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- CN1277102C CN1277102C CN 02153967 CN02153967A CN1277102C CN 1277102 C CN1277102 C CN 1277102C CN 02153967 CN02153967 CN 02153967 CN 02153967 A CN02153967 A CN 02153967A CN 1277102 C CN1277102 C CN 1277102C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a double-ring resonant optical fiber gyro which has the advantages of high detection sensitivity and high resolution. The gyro can remove or inhibit several kinds of noises interfering signal light in a traditional single-ring resonant gyro from an original source. The present invention has the technical scheme that the double-ring resonant optical fiber gyro comprises a light source, a signal beam splitter, a resonance signal detector and an optical fiber gyro body with a signal resonant ring. The present invention is characterized in that the double-ring resonant optical fiber gyro also comprises two 2*2 optical waveguide couplers, and the signal resonant ring comprises two optical fiber resonant rings made from the same material; the two optical fiber resonant rings are respectively connected with the two optical waveguide couplers. The appearance and the popularization of the present invention can perform positive propelling functions for flight vehicle navigation, weapon guidance control and the development of robots and traffic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical gyroscope, particularly relate to a kind of optical fibre gyro, belong to the gyro technical field.
Background technology
Optical gyroscope (OG) is owing to given up traditional mechanical gyro (MG) necessary " high speed rotating rotor ", thereby possess highly sensitive, low in energy consumption such as simple in structure, reliable operation, wide dynamic range, single shaft, be convenient to digitizing output and can and series of advantages such as computing machine links to each other, in the occasion of various accuracy requirements at home and abroad at present, all obtain successful application, and promoted advancing of inertial technology greatly.
Optical fibre gyro is to grow up on the basis of optical gyroscope.According to extracting two differences of light beam effect information in opposite directions, can roughly be divided into interference optical fiber top (I-FOG), resonator fiber optic gyroscope (R-FOG) and Brillouin's type optical fibre gyro three major types such as (B-FOG) to optical fibre gyro.Wherein, B-FOG still is in the principle conceptual phase.The same with optical gyroscope (being laser gyro), the ultimate principle of optical fibre gyro (FOG) also is based on Sagnac (Sagnac) effect, different just replaced the ring-like chamber in the laser gyro, and light source (laser instrument) is placed outside the fiber optic loop of looping light path more with fiber optic loop.Because optical fibre gyro (especially I-FOG and R-FOG) has overcome " latch up effect " this difficult problem of laser gyro, the advantage that had both kept laser gyro, has wideer dynamic range again, Duan start-up time extremely, be easy to integrated and then realize advantage such as miniaturization, but especially from 20th century the mid-80 develop (0.1-10 °/h) interference optical fiber top of the middle precision of practicability abroad, and begun to be used for since the inertial navigation and inertial guidance system of aircraft and tactical missile, external research in this respect is very active, develop drift rate in succession and reach 0.005 °/h, even be lower than the inertial navigation level high-performance interference optical fiber top of 0.001 °/h, up to date, it is the accurate gyro (this is the high precision interference optical fiber top of drift rate minimum up to now) of 0.00038 °/h that U.S. Honeywell company has succeeded in developing drift rate again, and the detection sensitivity of gyro and resolution have been improved several magnitude.Simultaneously, optical fibre gyro can be satisfied the needs to the higher occasion of accuracy requirement, also can satisfy user's request, thereby it has become a research and development field that broad prospect of application is arranged that more and more is subjected to the countries in the world military and scientific and technological circle's attention to the not too high civil area of accuracy requirement.
Although up to the present, the performance breakthrough and the practicability progress that obtain about optical fibre gyro research institute all concentrate on I-FOG, on principle of work, R-FOG has more following advantage than I-FOG, mainly show: (1) size is little, and cost is low, is convenient to very much integrated; (2) be subjected to temperature, polarization and other The noise more much smaller than I-FOG; (3) light source spectrum width, thereby light source stability is good.Certainly, light source spectrum width can produce new contradiction again, because light source spectrum width just means that its coherence is strong, the coherence of light source is very disadvantageous for the various noises or the ghost effect that reduce in the gyro by force, and this also influences the key point that resonator fiber optic gyroscope enters practicability just at present.
Studies show that: influence the R-FOG accuracy factors and include Rayleigh (Rayleigh) back scattering, Fresnel (Fresnel) reflection, Ke Er (Kerr) effect, faraday's (Faraday) rotation and several big noises such as temperature drift, polarization fluctuation and because other ghost effects that single ring architecture causes.In order to reduce the influence of each correlation noise under the monocycle situation, people are respectively by taking to reduce clockwise light or size, the reaction type numerical frequency of the carrier wave of light and light intensity are followed the tracks of, carried out 90 ° polarization principal axis rotation and reduce bend in the polarization-maintaining fiber coil technical measures of grading suppressing or removing at the polarization maintaining optical fibre weld counterclockwise, though obtained certain effect with these ways, these methods are that cost brings to sacrifice other performance all mostly; Such as, the light intensity of light can suppress Rayleigh back scattering and Kerr effect noise though reduce in the resonator cavity in opposite directions, and the result who does so just means the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that has reduced system, is disadvantageous to detection sensitivity and the resolution that improves FOG.
The content of invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can remove from the source or suppress of the interference of several noise likes, have the double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro of higher detection sensitivity and resolution flashlight.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro, it comprise have light source, the optical fibre gyro body of signal beam splitter, resonance signal detecting device and signal resonant ring, it is characterized in that: it also comprises two 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers, described signal resonant ring is two fiber loops with material, and described two fiber loops link to each other with described optical waveguide coupler coupling respectively.
In order to make Gyro Precision higher, chamber progress row reciprocity modulation to described pair of fiber loop is an optimized technical scheme, the modulation signal generator and the signaling switch that also should comprise the long reciprocity modulator of resonance ring cavity, the long reciprocity in assurance chamber in the described optical fibre gyro for this reason.
For the linearity and the stability that improves the gyro constant multiplier, also comprise signal bias modulator, bias modulation signal generator, offset signal detuner and flashlight frequency modulator in the described optical fibre gyro.
Satisfying under the prerequisite of accuracy requirement,, also can the double resonance ring length error of being brought because of the technology manufacturing not carried out reciprocity compensation modulation as long as error in allowed limits.
In use, optimized technical scheme is described two fiber loop equal and opposite in directions, and parallel up and down being stacked together.
In described two fiber loops, one is the resonant ring that transmits clockwise light signal, another is the resonant ring that transmits counterclockwise light signal, make and only in a fiber loop, encircle two flashlights propagating in opposite directions originally altogether, change in two individual fibers resonant rings independently and propagating respectively, thereby can suppress effectively or remove in single fiber ring mode of resonance gyro by correlation noise such as Rayleigh back scattering, Fresnel reflection and Kerr effect and other ghost effects interference to flashlight.
In described two fiber loops, the flashlight input of the input of the flashlight of each ring, output and respective detection device thereof, the transmission or the reflection that all are 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers by each self loop realize, thereby avoided two bundle flashlights when in monocycle mode of resonance gyro, propagating in opposite directions, because of the influence of cross interference that shared same resonant ring and same coupling mechanism produced and other noise to Gyro Precision.
Substitute traditional single resonance ring with the double resonance fiber optic loop, can or suppress the influence of Rayleigh back scattering noise, Fresnel reflection noise, Kerr effect and other correlation noise from the structural principle removal to Gyro Precision.Concrete reason is: under the single resonance ring situation, in the gyro two restrainted flashlight in opposite directions, can only encircle propagation altogether, two-beam encircles propagation altogether and the chance that influences flashlight is provided both for Rayleigh back scattering noise and Fresnel reflection noise, has also strengthened other noises such as Kerr effect greatly; And under the double resonance ring situation, two in opposite directions light beam in resonant ring separately, propagate respectively, this has just destroyed the condition that produces above-mentioned noise from structure, thus provide for the above-mentioned noise that exists in " eliminate or weaken " monocycle may.
So-called Rayleigh (Rayleigh) rear orientation light is meant by the foreign particle that exists in the fiber core, non-homogeneous stress and lattice imperfection to misplace in the caused non-directional reflected light along that part of optical fiber backpropagation.Therefore, clockwise (CW, the Rayleigh rear orientation light that is produced when Clockwise) light transmit in resonant ring for counterclockwise (CCW, Couter-Clockwise) light is a kind of interference noise, vice versa.Again because existing resonator fiber optic gyroscope all uses the strong coherent source in arrowband, so this noise is much bigger to the influence of the influence comparison interference optical fiber top precision of resonator fiber optic gyroscope precision.Experimental results show that, it is also not really desirable to have the method that overcomes Rayleigh back scattering noise now, so we have proposed a kind of " optical fibre gyro of double resonance ring structure ", allow the technical scheme of its replacement existing " optical fibre gyro of single resonance ring structure ", make two to restraint in opposite directions that light transmits respectively in two resonant rings, remove this noise at all.
So-called Fresnel (Fresnel) reflected light, be meant by the discontinuous caused of waveguide and that opposite a part of light of transmission light direction, its mechanism that influences flashlight is similar to the Rayleigh rear orientation light, thereby the dicyclo solution also is well suited for thoroughly eliminating this noise.
Ke Er (Kerr) noise is caused by the nonlinear optics Kerr effect.On the one hand, when adopting monocycle and since two in opposite directions the power stack of light beam cause the interior optical power density of the tiny core diameter of optical fiber very big, this will cause the nonlinear propagation of light beam, make the power of two reverse light waves imbalance occur, thereby produce a nonreciprocal frequency error; On the other hand, owing to the coupling mechanism splitting ratio can not strict guarantee be to cause between the two reverse light waves emergent power poor at 1: 1, also can be owing to Kerr effect produces a corresponding nonreciprocal frequency error.Though can reduce this frequency error by the luminous power that reduces in the optical fiber, this has also reduced the precision of gyro simultaneously.At present also there is not simple method can fundamentally reduce the error that Kerr effect is brought.If adopt the double resonance loop technique, eliminated fully first by two bundles and encircled the nonreciprocal noise that difference power brought between the light altogether, second reduced optical power density separately in each ring greatly, so that can ignore the influence of Kerr effect to single beam.This also means has fundamentally eliminated the influence of Ke Er noise to the resonator fiber optic gyroscope precision, and can reduce the performance requirement to light-splitting device.
As shown in Figure 1, two resonant rings 7 among the present invention are parallel being stacked together with 8, and wherein, light and counterclockwise light operate in clockwise optical resonance ring 7 and counterclockwise optical resonance ring 8 the insides respectively clockwise.Compare with existing single resonance ring optical fibre gyro shown in Figure 2, although in the optical fibre gyro of double resonance ring structure, used a resonant ring more, but used one 2 * 2 coupling mechanism less, so not only can remove above mentioned various noise effectively, but also can avoid other many noises in the monocycle resonator fiber optic gyroscope, cross coupling noise etc. for example.From the single ring architecture shown in the accompanying drawing 2 as can be seen: its suitable, contrary two-beam imports resonant ring 12 by same coupling mechanism 11, and two harmonic lights in the ring also transmit a part by this coupling mechanism and come; At two other coupling mechanism 5 and 6 places, similar problem is arranged also.By waveguide theory as can be known: between suitable, backlight, between the transmitted light, between suitable, backlight and the transmitted light, all exist the interference that intercouples; Also all can be subjected to the interference of return light between beam splitter 2 and the light source 1.These a series of factors will influence the precision and the combination property of gyro undoubtedly.And in double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro structure, owing to do not exist by the two common device situations that light encircles altogether or common road is caused in opposite directions, thereby just do not have above-mentioned problem yet.
Make the reciprocity of upward possible error in order to overcome technology, thereby satisfy, the present invention proposes dicyclo is carried out the long necessity of modulating in chamber the more high-precision requirement of gyro to guarantee that the dicyclo chamber is long.As shown in Figure 3, in the double resonance ring, increased a long modulator 9 in chamber and 10 respectively, at first determined in the dicyclo than behind that short ring, with switch 15 or 16 connections that are attached thereto with conventional method, carry out corresponding modulation by signal generator 13, just can guarantee the reciprocity that the chamber is long.
From above explanation, can obviously find out: with the resonator fiber optic gyroscope of described twin nuclei, substitute known single ring architecture resonator fiber optic gyroscope, make and only in a fiber loop, encircle two flashlights propagating in opposite directions originally altogether, change in two individual fibers resonant rings and propagating respectively independently, and the input of the flashlight of each ring, output, the transmission or the reflection that all are 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers by only belonging to this loop self realize, thereby both can avoid effectively in described monocycle gyro because of encircling altogether, be total to Rayleigh (Rayleigh) back scattering that coupling mechanism causes, The noise such as Fresnel (Fresnel) reflection, of the influence of Ke Er (Kerr) noise can be overcome again from the source, and performance requirement can be reduced light-splitting device to Gyro Precision.
The present invention is owing to broken through the traditional design thinking of existing single fiber resonant ring structure, with two fiber loops with material, substitute in the known single ring architecture gyro suitable, counterclockwise shared resonant ring, make and only in a fiber loop, encircle two signals propagating in opposite directions originally altogether, change in two individual fibers resonant rings and propagating respectively independently, and the signal of each ring input, output, the transmission or the reflection that all are 2 * 2 coupling mechanisms by only belonging to this loop oneself realize, thereby avoided in the single fiber ring mode of resonance gyro because of encircling altogether, the cross interference that common coupling mechanism is produced and other noises are to the influence of Gyro Precision, have higher detection sensitivity and resolution, have important use at sensory field and be worth.Appearance of the present invention will be played positive impetus to the development of aircraft navigation, weapon guidance control and robot and traffic delivery means with universal.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is a double resonance ring structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a single resonance ring structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is for adopting the optical fibre gyro open loop structure synoptic diagram of double resonance ring.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, the present invention includes the signal optical source 1 of mode of resonance gyro; Light signal beam splitter 2; Clockwise harmonic light signal detector 3; Counterclockwise harmonic light signal detector 4; 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers 5; 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers 6; Clockwise light signal resonant ring 7; Counterclockwise light signal resonant ring 8; Long modulator of optical resonance ring cavity and light signal bias modulator 9 clockwise clockwise; Long modulator of optical resonance ring cavity and light signal bias modulator 10 counterclockwise counterclockwise; 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers 11; The resonant ring 12 that suitable, counterclockwise light signal is shared; Guarantee the modulation signal generator 13 of the long reciprocity in chamber; Bias modulation signal generator 14; First switch 15; Second switch 16; First demodulator of PM signal PM 17; Secondary signal detuner 18; Dextrorotation rotaring signal 19 after the demodulation; Be rotated counterclockwise signal 20 after the demodulation; Frequency modulator 21.
The flashlight beam splitting that beam splitter 2 sends signal optical source 1, a branch ofly enter clockwise optical resonance ring 7 via 2 * 2 coupling mechanisms 5, another Shu Ze enters counterclockwise optical resonance ring 8 by 2 * 2 coupling mechanisms 6, flashlight in suitable, the inverse time needle ring all is subjected to the identical bias modulation of signal generator 14, to improve the linearity and the stability of constant multiplier.Wherein, resonance signal light in the clockwise optical resonance ring, transmission port by 2 * 2 coupling mechanisms 5 enters corresponding flashlight detecting device 3, its output signal is finished the biasing demodulation by detuner 17 again, just obtain corresponding rotating signal light 19, utilize this signal control signal light frequency modulator 21 again, the flashlight that sends from signal optical source is modulated, consistent to guarantee the signal optical source frequency with the resonance frequency of up time needle ring; Resonance signal light in the optical resonance ring is by the transmission port of 2 * 2 coupling mechanisms 6 counterclockwise, enter corresponding flashlight detecting device 4, its output signal is finished the biasing demodulation by detuner 18 again, just obtains corresponding rotating signal 20, just can obtain required speed of rotation by this signal.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro, it comprises having light source, the signal beam splitter, two 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers, the optical fibre gyro body of resonance signal detecting device and two signal resonant rings that link to each other with optical waveguide coupler respectively, it is characterized in that: it also comprises two modulators of realizing the long reciprocity of resonance ring cavity, modulation signal generator and two signaling switches that are used to realize the long reciprocity of resonance ring cavity, described two modulators of realizing the long reciprocity of resonance ring cavity respectively are used to realize that with described the modulation signal generator of the long reciprocity of resonance ring cavity links to each other by a signaling switch respectively; Described signal resonant ring is two fiber loops with material, and one is the resonant ring that transmits clockwise light signal, and another is the resonant ring that transmits counterclockwise light signal; Described two modulators of realizing the long reciprocity of resonance ring cavity link to each other with described two signal resonant rings respectively; The flashlight beam splitting that described signal beam splitter sends light source, a branch of resonant ring that transmits clockwise light signal that enters via one 2 * 2 optical waveguide coupler, another Shu Ze enters the resonant ring that transmits counterclockwise light signal by another 2 * 2 optical waveguide coupler, transmits the interior flashlight of resonant ring suitable, counterclockwise light signal and all is subjected to the identical bias modulation of modulation signal generator of the long reciprocity of described resonance ring cavity.
2, double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise signal bias modulator, bias modulation signal generator, offset signal detuner and flashlight frequency modulator in the described optical fibre gyro; Wherein, resonance signal light in the resonant ring of the clockwise light signal of described transmission, transmission port by 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers enters the resonance signal detecting device, the output signal of this resonance signal detecting device is finished the biasing demodulation by the offset signal detuner again, just obtain corresponding rotating signal light, this rotating signal light is controlled described flashlight frequency modulator again; Transmit the interior resonance signal light of resonant ring of counterclockwise light signal, transmission port by 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers enters another resonance signal detecting device, the output signal of this resonance signal detecting device is finished the biasing demodulation by another offset signal detuner again, just obtain corresponding rotating signal, just can obtain required speed of rotation signal by this signal.
3, double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: two fiber loop equal and opposite in directions in the described optical fibre gyro, and parallel up and down being stacked together.
4, double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described signal is a laser signal.
5, double-ring resonance type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in described two fiber loops, the input of the flashlight of the input of the flashlight of each ring, output and corresponding resonance signal detecting device thereof all is that the transmission or the reflection of 2 * 2 optical waveguide couplers by each self loop realizes.
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| CN 02153967 CN1277102C (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2002-12-06 | Dicyclic resonant fiber gyro |
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| CN 02153967 CN1277102C (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2002-12-06 | Dicyclic resonant fiber gyro |
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| CN101726801B (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2011-11-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical switching device and control method thereof |
| CN101813805B (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Double-ring resonance four-path reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer structure |
| CN101900556A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bicyclo-Brillouin fiber optic gyro |
| CN102692314B (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2014-12-03 | 浙江大学 | Apparatus and method for testing power spectral density of frequency noise of laser based on fiber resonator |
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| CN103389084B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-09-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Based on the resonance type optical fiber gyro of two coupled fiber ring resonator coherence effect |
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| CN109579822B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-09-07 | 株洲菲斯罗克光电科技股份有限公司 | Optical fiber gyroscope adopting double-ring structure |
| CN109459011A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The parallel optical fibre gyro of dicyclo resonant cavity |
| CN109974683B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-01-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Impact-resistant interference type optical fiber gyroscope based on double-ring structure and detection method thereof |
| CN110319828B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Resonant fiber-optic gyroscope system with double-ring cavity structure and signal detection method thereof |
| CN111536960B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-01-18 | 浙江大学 | Double-ring parallel resonant gyro system and double-closed-loop digital demodulation method thereof |
| CN112066975B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-05-14 | 中北大学 | Gyroscope and accelerometer integrated system based on double resonant cavities and preparation method thereof |
| CN112710294B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-08-19 | 浙江大学 | Low-optical-noise double-ring parallel resonant gyro system and method |
| CN114509059A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-17 | 北京思卓博瑞科技有限公司 | Fiber-optic gyroscope with measurement range and measurement precision |
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