CN1275919C - Method for preparing substituted dibenzyl ether - Google Patents

Method for preparing substituted dibenzyl ether Download PDF

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CN1275919C
CN1275919C CN200510040614.3A CN200510040614A CN1275919C CN 1275919 C CN1275919 C CN 1275919C CN 200510040614 A CN200510040614 A CN 200510040614A CN 1275919 C CN1275919 C CN 1275919C
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reaction
substituted
dibenzyl ether
substituted benzyl
benzyl halogen
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CN1709848A (en
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李振江
韦萍
万红贵
任星华
石玉瑚
欧阳平凯
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing substituted dibenzyl ether, which adopts the reaction of substituted benzyl halide and water and uses metal halides as catalysts, and the reaction is directly carried out to generate the substituted dibenzyl ether which is separated and purified. The method makes no use of alkaline substances and reduces resource consumption and waste exhaust, and generated halogen acid can be regenerated for use after being separated and concentrated. The present invention has the characteristics of low cost, low resource consumption, environmental protection, simplicity and easy realization.

Description

A kind of method for preparing substituted dibenzyl ether
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of substituted dibenzyl ether, wherein adopt substituted benzyl halogen and water reaction, particularly metallic halid catalyst, generate the method for substituted dibenzyl ether.
Background technology
Dibenzyl ether and derivative thereof are used for nitrocellulose and functional paint as softening agent, are used as additive at rubber and textile industry, are used as the solvent and the bottom note of spices in fine chemicals.The dibenzyl ether derivative that has functional group can be used for organic synthesis, prepares the multiple bioactive compound that has.These are well known to a person skilled in the art.For example dibenzyl ether itself has special aroma such as light earth fragrant or have the mushroom fragrance of rose sample bottom note, can make an addition to makeup, food and drink etc., and is safe and reliable.
The preparation method of multiple dibenzyl ether extensively is seen in disclosed document.Usually produce dibenzyl ether with Williamson system ether method by benzyloxy sodium and benzyl chloride reaction.Other discloses phase transfer catalysis condition as JP7535123 and SU1035020, the prepared in reaction dibenzyl ether of alkaline aqueous solution and benzyl chloride; Two moles of benzyl alcohol dehydration system ethers; The reaction of benzyl halide and benzyl alcohol generates dibenzyl ether etc. under the special conditions.Produce the pure by-product dibenzyl ether except Williamson legal system dibenzyl ether and benzyl chloride basic hydrolysis, above-mentioned other method all is not put to industrial application.Analyze reason, though phase transfer catalysis process conveniently reclaims and recycle alkali aqueous solution, the phase-transfer catalyst cost is higher and recycle still unresolved; Methods such as strong acid catalyzed benzyl halide of Lewis and benzyl alcohol reaction, benzyl alcohol dehydration and microwave reactor application are in conceptual phase.Benzyl chloride basic hydrolysis by-product dibenzyl ether method particularly, the reaction that benzyl halide and water are only arranged is a reversible, those skilled in the art is known to this.Prepare benzyl alcohol technology as US5670029, US5728897 and the disclosed benzyl chloride hydrolysis of US5750801, its remarkable advantage is a single step reaction, and is solvent-free, alkali-free, and yield height, benzyl chloride recycle and reclaim hydrogenchloride.The a small amount of dibenzyl ether of this technology by-product, and a kind of feature of above-mentioned patent disclosure is than the low-conversion condition by product dibenzyl ether seldom to be generated, and other technology is lacked competitiveness economically.And above-mentioned processing method does not all relate to the preparation method of relevant substituted dibenzyl ether, and their common limitation is to consume a large amount of alkali, or needs special reagent and facility.Wish to develop direct, the easy and eco-friendly processing method of producing substituted dibenzyl ether by substituted benzyl halogen.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts substituted benzyl halogen direct hydrolysis to produce substituted dibenzyl ether.
Technical scheme of the present invention is can impel reaction to generate ether according to add metal halide in the reaction system of substituted benzyl halogen and water, therefore, select conditions such as proper metal halogenide catalysis and temperature, pressure, time, the main substituted dibenzyl ether that generates of reaction.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following measures:
A kind of method of producing substituted dibenzyl ether, this method are to adopt substituted benzyl halogen and water reaction, make catalyzer with metal halide, and direct reaction promptly generates substituted dibenzyl ether, and separation, purifying get final product;
Wherein, substituted dibenzyl ether is suc as formula shown in (I), and substituted benzyl halogen is suc as formula shown in (II):
Here, Ar 1And Ar 2The expression substituted aryl, Ar 1And Ar 2Can be identical or different, Ar 1And Ar 2By formula (II) definition, k represents an integer of 0~5, and l represents an integer of 0~5, and k+l is an integer of 0~5, X 1Expression chlorine, bromine or iodine, X 2Expression fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, when k 〉=2, X 2Can be identical or different, the substituting group that R represents is trifluoromethyl, itrile group, nitro, amide group, alkoxyl group or aryloxy, when l 〉=2, R can be identical or different.
Described method, wherein the general formula of metal halide is MX 3 m, wherein, M is a metal, X 3Be chlorine, bromine or iodine, m is 1,2 or 3.
Described method, wherein metal halide MX 3 mM be Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs, m is 1 or 2, X 3Be bromine or iodine, X further 3Be iodine.
Described method, the wherein Ar in the substituted dibenzyl ether formula (I) 1And Ar 2Identical.
Described method, the wherein X of substituted benzyl halogen (II) 1Be chlorine or bromine, k is 1,2 or 3, and l is 1 or 2.
Described method, the wherein X of substituted benzyl halogen (H) 1Be chlorine, X 2Be chlorine or bromine.
Substituted benzyl halogen of the present invention (II) can adopt Industrial products.Substituted benzyl halogen (II) direct hydrolysis under catalyst action is carried out, and adopts substituted benzyl halogen to mix the water yield of preferred 10~150 times (moles), the water yield of preferred especially 20~100 times (moles) with the water of 5~200 times (moles).
Above-mentioned reaction mixture adds metal halide MX 3 m, MX 3 mAmount is 0.1~20% (mole) of substituted benzyl halogen amount, preferred 0.5~10% (mole), preferred especially 1~5% (mole).
Said mixture is reacting by heating in reactor, 40~320 ℃ of temperature ranges, preferred 70~240 ℃, preferred especially 90~200 ℃.
The pressure of reaction system is in liquid phase for keeping reaction system at least, and reaction pressure is 0~22.5 MPa, is preferably 0~10 MPa, is preferably 0~3 MPa especially.
Adopting control of whipping appts and other supplementary unit and adjustment two-phase admixture and liquid flowing state is well known to a person skilled in the art.
According to the different technology conditions and the parameter of above-mentioned selection, the reaction times was from dozens of minutes to tens hour, common 0.5~48 hour, preferred 1~24 hour, preferred especially 2~12 hours.
The gained reaction product can be separated and purifying with several different methods, comprises extraction, chromatography or vacuum distilling etc., and these are known in those skilled in the art.
The structure of different substituted benzyl halogen (II) and character have difference in various degree, therefore response feature can change, usually the electron-withdrawing substituent on the phenyl ring can make the replacement of monochloromethyl carry out easily, and the water solubility of product (I) is very little, help the reaction comparatively fast carry out higher with productive rate, by product ether is less.These are known in those skilled in the art.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The distinguishing feature of method of the present invention is not use alkaline matter, has reduced resource consumption and waste discharge, and the haloid acid of generation is through separating and concentrating, and renewable use has embodied Atom economy and eco-friendly process characteristic.
The substituted dibenzyl ether of multiple structure and derivative thereof are used for nitrocellulose and functional paint as softening agent, are used as additive at rubber and textile industry, are used as the solvent and the bottom note of spices in fine chemicals.The dibenzyl ether derivative that has functional group can be used for organic synthesis, prepares the multiple bioactive compound that has.
According to processing method of the present invention, the yield of products therefrom can surpass 90%, and unconverted (I) reclaims, and haloid acid can reclaim and concentrate.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.Yet, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the described concrete material proportion of embodiment, processing condition and result only are used to illustrate the present invention, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1: the benzyl chloride hydrolysis prepares dibenzyl ether
Get chlorobenzyl chloride 2.53g, KI 0.10g, water 18mL adds triangular flask, is warmed up to 115 ℃ rapidly, begin to reflux, vigorous stirring, back flow reaction 48 hours, reaction pressure are 5 MPas, TLC detects (ethanol-normal hexane, 1: 5), forms no longer to change.Cool to about 60 ℃, add toluene 20mL extraction, temperature is near near room temperature, separatory.Water reclaims hydrogen halide with ethyl acetate (10mL * 2) extraction; Merge organic phase, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, fully evaporate to dryness (if the little residue water gaging can add 10~20mL toluene, evaporate to dryness again).Cross silicagel column (method and the parameter of crossing silicagel column are contents known to a person of ordinary skill in the art), get colorless oil product 1.25g, reclaim raw material 0.6g.
Embodiment 2: the bromotoluene hydrolysis prepares dibenzyl ether
The method of embodiment 1.But raw material bromotoluene (3.42g) reacted 24 hours.Get colorless oil product 1.33g, reclaim raw material 0.78g.
Embodiment 3:4-chlorobenzyl chloride hydrolysis preparation 4,4 '-dichloro benzyl ether
The method of embodiment 1.But raw material 4-chlorobenzyl chloride (3.22g), KI (0.17g) reacted 24 hours.Get colourless acicular crystal product 1.70g, reclaim raw material 0.91g.
Embodiment 4:2-chlorobenzyl chloride hydrolysis preparation 2,2 '-dichloro benzyl ether
The method of embodiment 3.But raw material 2-chlorobenzyl chloride (3.22g), KI (0.08g).Get colourless thickness oily product 2.43g.
Embodiment 5:2,4-dichlorobenzyl chloride hydrolysis preparation 2,2 ', 4,4 '-the tetrachloro benzylic ether
The method of embodiment 3.But raw material 2-chlorobenzyl chloride (3.91g), KI (0.08g), reaction pressure is 20 MPas, reacts 12 hours.Get colourless acicular crystal product 2.71g.
Embodiment 6:3,4-dichlorobenzyl chloride hydrolysis preparation 3,3 ', 4,4 '-the tetrachloro benzylic ether
The method of embodiment 3.But raw material 2-chlorobenzyl chloride (3.91g), KI (0.17g).Get colourless thickness oily product 2.85g.

Claims (18)

1. a method of producing substituted dibenzyl ether is characterized in that this method is to adopt substituted benzyl halogen and water reaction, makees catalyzer with metal halide, and direct reaction promptly generates substituted dibenzyl ether, and separation, purifying get final product;
Wherein, substituted dibenzyl ether is suc as formula shown in (I), and substituted benzyl halogen is suc as formula shown in (II):
Figure C2005100406140002C1
Here, Ar 1And Ar 2The expression substituted aryl, Ar 1And Ar 2According to formula (II) definition, k represents an integer of 0~5, and l represents an integer of 0~5, and k+l is an integer of 0~5, X 1Expression chlorine, bromine or iodine, X 2Expression fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, when k 〉=2, X 2Can be identical or different, the substituting group that R represents is trifluoromethyl, cyano group, nitro, amide group, alkoxyl group or aryloxy, when l 〉=2, R can be identical or different.
2. method according to claim 1, the general formula that it is characterized in that metal halide is MX 3 m, wherein, M is a metal, X 3Be chlorine, bromine or iodine, m is 1,2 or 3.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that metal halide MX 3 mM be Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs, X 3Be bromine or iodine, m is 1 or 2.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the Ar in the substituted dibenzyl ether formula (I) 1And Ar 2Identical.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the X of substituted benzyl halogen (II) 1Be chlorine or bromine, X 2Be chlorine or bromine, k is 1,2 or 3, and l is 1 or 2.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that temperature of reaction is 40~320 ℃, and reaction pressure is 0~22.5 MPa.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that temperature of reaction is 70~240 ℃, and reaction pressure is 0~10 MPa.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that temperature of reaction is 90~200 ℃, and reaction pressure is 0~3 MPa.
9, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water yield is 5~200 times of substituted benzyl halogen amount in molar ratio.
10, method according to claim 9 is characterized in that the water yield is 10~150 times of substituted benzyl halogen amount in molar ratio.
11, method according to claim 10 is characterized in that the water yield is 20~100 times of substituted benzyl halogen amount in molar ratio.
12. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the metal halide amount is 0.1~20% of substituted benzyl halogen amount in molar ratio.
13. method according to claim 12 is characterized in that the metal halide amount is 0.5~10% of substituted benzyl halogen amount in molar ratio.
14. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that the metal halide amount is 1~5% of substituted benzyl halogen amount in molar ratio.
15. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the reaction times is 0.5~48 hour.
16. method according to claim 15 is characterized in that the reaction times is 1~24 hour.
17. method according to claim 16 is characterized in that the reaction times is 2~12 hours.
18. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that reclaiming the haloid acid in the mixed reaction product.
CN200510040614.3A 2005-06-20 2005-06-20 Method for preparing substituted dibenzyl ether Expired - Fee Related CN1275919C (en)

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