CN1275431A - Petroleum sulfonate surfactant for oil field, its preparation process and use in tertiary oil recovery - Google Patents
Petroleum sulfonate surfactant for oil field, its preparation process and use in tertiary oil recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN1275431A CN1275431A CN99107580.3A CN99107580A CN1275431A CN 1275431 A CN1275431 A CN 1275431A CN 99107580 A CN99107580 A CN 99107580A CN 1275431 A CN1275431 A CN 1275431A
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Abstract
A preparation method of petroleum sulfonate surfactant includes the following steps: using vacuum distillate whose molecular weight is 320-380 as raw material, sulfonation temp. is 60-90 deg.C, the mole ratio of SO3 and aromatic hydrocarbon is 1.0-2.0 : 1, and SO3 gas concentration is 2.0%-10.0%; using 15-40% of alkali lye to neutralize petroleum sulfonic acid until the pH is 7-8; adopting 40%-70% ethyl alcohol to make extraction, its solvent raito is 1 : 1, then using petroleum ether with 60-90 deg.c, solvent ratio is 0.5-0.6 : 1 to make back extraction of the obtained surfactant aqueous solution, then using distillation method to distill off ethyl alcohol queous solution at 40-100 deg.C, and using petroleum ether with 60-90 deg. c to extract and separate out reacted oil. Said petroleum sulfonate can be used as oil displacing agent in tertiary oil recovery.
Description
The invention relates to a surfactant for oil field (oil displacement) and preparation and application thereof, in particular to a petroleum sulfonate surfactant for oil field, a preparation method thereof and application thereof as an oil displacement agent in tertiary oil recovery.
The petroleum sulfonate used for oil displacement is a surfactant preferentially selected for improving the oil recovery rate of an oil field due to the advantages of wide raw material source, low price, stable performance and the like. The petroleum sulfonate used at present is expensive, has poor compatibility with oil fields, and has a plurality of limitations when in use.
The invention aims to provide a petroleum sulfonate surfactant which has low interfacial tension, good compatibility and low cost and can be applied to oil fields;
another object of the present invention is to provide a simple and practical method for preparing the petroleum sulfonate surfactant;
the invention also aims to provide the application of the petroleum sulfonate surfactant as an oil displacement agent in tertiary oil recovery;
the invention also aims to provide the application of the petroleum sulfonate surfactant as a compound agent in the ternary combination flooding in tertiary oil recovery.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises a petroleum sulfonate surfactant with the molecular weight of 380-450 prepared by the following method, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a) selecting vacuum distillate oil with the molecular weight of 320-380 as a raw material;
b) the temperature of membrane type sulfonation is 60-90 ℃,
SO3the mol ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon is 1.0-2.0: 1,
SO3the gas concentration is 2.0-10.0%;
c) neutralization-petroleum sulfonic acid is neutralized to pH7-8 with 15-40% NaOH lye;
d) extracting and separating, namely extracting with 50% ethanol at a solvent ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a surfactant aqueous solution, and performing back extraction with petroleum ether at a temperature of between 60 and 90 ℃ at a solvent ratio of 0.5 to 0.6: 1;
e) concentration-the ethanol aqueous solution is distilled and removed under the condition of 40-100 ℃;
f) refining, namely extracting the unreacted oil by using petroleum ether at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain the product.
The technical scheme of the invention also comprises a method for preparing the petroleum sulfonate surfactant, which comprises the following steps:
a) selecting vacuum distillate oil with the molecular weight of 320-380 as a raw material;
b) the temperature of membrane type sulfonation is 60-90 ℃,
SO3the mol ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon is 1.0-2.0: 1,
SO3the gas concentration is 2.0-10.0%;
c) neutralization-petroleum sulfonic acid is neutralized to pH7-8 with 15-40% NaOH lye;
d) extracting and separating, namely extracting with 50% ethanol at a solvent ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a surfactant aqueous solution, and performing back extraction with petroleum ether at a temperature of between 60 and 90 ℃ at a solvent ratio of 0.5 to 0.6: 1;
e) concentration-the ethanol aqueous solution is distilled and removed under the condition of 40-100 ℃;
f) refining, namely extracting the unreacted oil by using petroleum ether at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain the product.
The technical scheme of the invention also comprises:
in the preparation method, the distillate oil molecular weight in the step a) is between 320 and 380.
In the preparation method, the sulfonation temperature in the step b) is 75-80 ℃.
In the above preparation method, step b) SO3The mol ratio of the hydrocarbon to the hydrocarbon is 1.3-1.8: 1.
In the above preparation method, SO in step b)3% is 4.0-8.0%.
In the above preparation method, the alkali solution used in step c) is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
The technical scheme of the invention further comprises the following steps: the petroleum sulfonate surfactant is used as an oil displacement agent in tertiary oil recovery, and the petroleum sulfonate surfactant is used as a compound in tertiary oil recovery.
The invention comprises the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a petroleum sulfonate surfactant of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a liquid chromatogram of a petroleum sulfonate surfactant of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the interfacial tension measurement of petroleum sulfonate surfactant after addition of alkali solution;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of an oil displacement experiment on a natural core using a ternary complex system composed of a petroleum sulfonate surfactant of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of an effluent analysis of petroleum sulfonate adjuvant (resulting ternary complex system displacement crude oil) of the present invention.
The technical contents of the present invention and the significant technical effects brought by the technical contents are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Preparation of petroleum sulfonate
1. In this example, the distillate oil produced in the pressure reduction section of the general petrochemical plant of Longfeng, Daqing is shown in Table 1
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of base oils
| Molecular weight | Viscosity 45 deg.C | Freezing point | Flash point |
| 340 | 31mPa·s | -18℃ | 242℃ |
| Saturated hydrocarbons | Aromatic hydrocarbons | Non-hydrocarbons | Asphaltenes |
| 80.0 | 12.4 | 6.5 | 1.1 |
2. The sulfonation reaction is carried out in a falling film reactor. The basic reaction of sulfonation is to react aromatic hydrocarbon in distillate oil with SO3In the meantime.
Basic principle of sulfonation
Main reaction:
side reaction:
and (3) an aging stage:
in the above formula,R and Ar represent alkyl and aryl respectively.
Referring to FIG. 1, the process can be carried out according to the prior art, wherein 1000 kg of reaction material in a material hopper is metered by a distillate oil quantitative pump and is fed into a reactor, fuming sulfuric acid is fed into a stripping tower by a sulfuric acid quantitative pump to generate SO3Gas, SO3After passing through an air drying tower, the gas is controlled by a rotor flow meter according to 5 percent of SO31000 kg of oleum (molar ratio 1.5: 1) is put into a reactor with gas concentration, the temperature of the reactor is controlled at 60 ℃ by a constant-temperature water tank, and the reaction time is 30-50 seconds. The resulting product was petroleum sulfonic acid, the composition of which was determined by the following method:
(1) determination of aromatic content
The method is carried out by referring to the petroleum partial analysis standard compilation 'adsorption chromatography for determining the content of aromatic hydrocarbon in distillate oil'.
(2) Determination of active content
The active substance content is determined by solvent extraction separation and then standard anionic two-phase titration method.
(3) Measurement of Mono-and disulfonic acids
Analysis was performed using a Waters model 510 high performance liquid chromatograph.
(4) Calculation of conversion
(5) Calculation of by-product acid sludge content
(6) Calculation of effective active content
The test results are shown in Table 2.
3. And (4) hydrolysis neutralization. The product was mixed with a 20% NaOH product solution and adjusted to pH 8 with NaOH, the hydrolysis neutralization mechanism was:
4. and (4) extracting. Sodium petroleum sulfonate was extracted with 0.8 kg of 50% ethanol solution, followed by back extraction with 0.3 kg of petroleum ether at 60 ℃.
5. Concentration-under the condition of 40-60 deg.C, removing ethyl alcohol aqueous solution by using distillation method;
6. refining, namely extracting the non-branched oil by using petroleum ether at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain the product.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was repeated to give a petroleum sulfonate salt in the same manner as in example 1 except that the sulfonation temperature was controlled to 90 ℃.
Example 3
The preparation process is as in example 1, except that SO is removed during sulfonation3Petroleum sulfonate was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the concentration was controlled to 4.25%.
Example 4
The preparation process is as in example 1, except that SO is removed during sulfonation3Petroleum sulfonate was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the concentration was controlled to 6.24%.
Example 5
The preparation process is the same as in example 1, except that 5% SO is used3Petroleum sulfonate was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that 0.3 kg was used.
Example 6
The preparation process is the same as in example 1, except that 5% SO is used3Petroleum sulfonate was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that 0.6 kg was used.
Example 7
The procedure of preparation was the same as in example 1 except that distillate oil having a molecular weight of A1000g was used as a raw material, to obtain petroleum sulfonate.
Example 8
The procedure of preparation was the same as in example 1 except that distillate oil having a molecular weight of B1000g was used as a raw material, to obtain petroleum sulfonate.
Example 9
The procedure of preparation was the same as in example 1, except that 40% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was used to neutralize petroleum sulfonic acid, and petroleum sulfonate was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 10
The procedure of preparation was the same as in example 1, except that petroleum ether was used as an extractant, and petroleum sulfonate was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 11
The preparation process was the same as in example 1 except that the sulfonation temperature was 75%, to obtain petroleum sulfonate in the same manner as in example 1.
Same as example 12
The process scheme of example 1 wherein vaporized SO is used in the sulfonation process3Drying with air compressor and silicic acidto remove water, and introducing into SO via gas flowmeter3The gas stripping tower enters the top of the sulfonator. Distillation ofPreheating the oil at 60 deg.C, pumping to the top of membrane sulfonator by metering pump, and mixing with SO3The air flows downwards in parallel and reacts along the inner wall of the tube to form a film, the sulphonator is kept warm with hot water at a reaction temperature of 80 ℃, the input volume around the sulphonator is 3.05kg/hrcm, and the reaction residence time is about 26 seconds. The treatment amount was 25 kg/hr. The structure of the sulfonator is a phi 38 multiplied by 3 stainless steel pipe, and the effective length is 4.95 m. Settling the acid oil from the sulfonator for 4 hours, separating acid residue from the acid oil, neutralizing the acid oil with 20% NaOH under stirring at normal temperature, keeping the pH value at 7-8, and extracting petroleum sulfonic acid with 50% ethanol water solution. Then concentrating the ethanol and petroleum sulfonate, and removing the ethanol and the water to obtain the product. The composition of the product is obtained by analysis.
TABLE 3 composition of products
| Name (R) | Active substance% | Mineral oil% | Volatile content% | Inorganic salts% | Average equivalent weight |
| Example 12 | 57.6 | 9.3 | 29 | 4.1 | 427 |
The composition of the monosulfonate and disulfonate in the product is obtained by analyzing the product by high-speed liquid chromatography (see figure 2). As shown in FIG. 2, the selectivity of the monosulfonate in the petroleum sulfonate product synthesized by the above sulfonation process is greater than 90%.
TABLE 2 Petroleum sulfonic acid Components
| Conversion rate | Acid sludge content in sulfonated product | Water-soluble sulfonate(s) are/is Oil-soluble sulfonate | |
| Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 11 | 76.0％ 92.0％ 39.9％ 49.2％ 35.2％ 81.3％ 79.4％ 80.5％ 79.7％ 41.1％ | 4.3 5.76 6.9 8.4 0.64 9.0 6.4 5.5 6.1 6.7 | 7.46 2.43 12.3 23.1 21.1 19.7 16.4 2.22 |
Example 13 petroleum sulfonate of the invention was used-as an oil displacement agent for tertiary oil recovery.
By adding the product of example 12 to 1.0 wt.% of a base, 10 was obtained when the petroleum sulfonate concentration was between 0.1 and 1.6 wt.% according to the experiment-3The ultra-low interfacial tension value of mN/m (see FIG. 3) is better than that of imported products, namely American B100 surfactant.
Example 14 use of the petroleum sulfonate of the present invention-as a compounded agent for enhanced oil recovery.
And forming a compound system by the twelve products in the embodiment according to the formula, and carrying out a test on the oil displacement efficiency of the compound system.
A. The petroleum sulfonate of the invention is 1.0wt percent
NaOH 1.0wt％
V228Or 333OS 100-21.0wt％
Na2CO31.2wt％
V228Or 333OS 1000-
The flooding test was performed on Daqing natural cores. The design of the oil displacement test considers the oil displacement mode of the salt content gradient, namely, the rock core firstly saturates the original water (the salt content is 7000mg/L) of the stratum, and after the oil is saturated, the injected water (1200mg/L) is used. Thus, if the salt content of the production fluid increases (i.e., chloride ion content increases), this indicates an increase in swept volume, and the results are shown in Table 4. Therefore, the oil displacement effect of the petroleum sulfonate composite system is as follows:
1. greatly reduces the water content, concentrates the oil production and forms an oil-rich zone. The core oil displacement test shows that the water content is generally reduced from 98% to below 50%, and the oil yield is increased from nearly zero to above 50% and is as high as 80%. See fig. 4.
2. The core flooding test shows that when the 0.3PV slug is injected, the average recovery ratio is improved by more than 28 percent compared with the water flooding.
3. Fluidity control is detected by the pressure difference between the two ends of the core when injecting PS-D2After the composite system, the discontinuous oil phase starts to flow, the oil film and the oil drops gradually form an oil-rich zone, and when the oil zone breaks through, the pressure difference is reduced.
4. Determination of the effluent interfacial tension. The interfacial tension of the effluent and crude oil was determined using the rotodrop method. The result is that the minimum interfacial tension of the effluent to crude oil is 10-2The magnitude of mN/m (figure 5) shows that after the compound flooding is infiltrated through the pores of the rock core, a large amount of surface activity and alkali follow-up flow still existAnd (6) extracting the effluent.
Meanwhile, analysis of core test effluent shows that the dynamic retention loss of petroleum sulfonate is smaller and less than 1mg/g sand and the alkali consumption is less than 1mg/g sand under the condition of adding alkali.
Table 4 summary of the results of the flooding experiments
| Fruit of Chinese wolfberry Test (experiment) Sequence of steps Number (C) | Rock (A. B. E Core Weaving machine Number (C) | Pores of Volume of cm3 | Saturated oil | Water drive | Compound drive | Loss of retention (chemical agent) | Rock (A. B. E Core Device for placing Put Square block Formula (II) | Chemical slug composition Weight percent of | |||||||||||
| Oil-containing Saturation of Degree% | Body building Tie and water degree ％ | Oil and water Full drive And disability Surplus of degree ％ | Water drive Harvesting Rate of change ％ | Slug Dosage of Vp | Highest point of the design Oil-containing Rate of change ％ | Chemical flooding Enhanced mining Yield of ％ (OOIP) | Water drive and chemical flooding Final mining Yield of ％ (OOIP) | Residue formation Oil science Full drive After and degree of disability | Surface active agent | ||||||||||
| Total stagnation total injection total production stagnation Injection and production retention amount The input and output amount is mg mg mg/g Amount of mg/g mg g | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 39 | 14.05 | 62.9 | 37.4 | 30.8 | 51.2 | 0.31 | 49.8 | 32.8 | 83.8 | 16.2 | 23.96 | 9.49 | 0.170 | 43.56 | 10.73 | 0.384 | Is perpendicular to | Injected water PSD-2＝1.0％ [NaOH]＝1.0％ [V228]＝2000ppm |
| 2 | 42 | 14.6 | 76.5 | 23.5 | 37.8 | 50.5 | 0.516 | 54.4 | 26.5 | 76.9 | 23.1 | 41.8 | 75.9 | 24.0 | 0.632 | Level of | Injected water PSD-2＝1.0％ [NaOH]＝1.0％ [V228]＝2000mg/L | ||
| 3 | E9 0- 32 | 14.76 | 75.9 | 24.1 | 47.3 | 52.7 | 0.772 | 46.7 | 29.7 | 82.4 | 17.6 | 62.5 | 24.4 | 0.48 | 113.7 | 48.36 | 0.829 | Level of | Injected water PSD-2＝1.0％ [NaOH]＝1.0％ [V228]＝2000mg/L |
| 4 | 37 | 14.37 | 67.9 | 32.1 | 27.6 | 59.6 | 4.74 | 52.3 | 26.7 | 86.3 | 13.7 | Level of | Injected water PSD-2＝1.0％ [NaOH]＝1.0％ [V228]＝2000mg/L | ||||||
Claims (9)
1. A petroleum sulfonate surfactant having a molecular weight between 380-450 prepared by the following method comprising the steps of:
a) selecting vacuum distillate oil with the molecular weight of 320-380 as a raw material;
b) the temperature of membrane type sulfonation is 60-90 ℃,
SO3the mol ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon is 1.0-2.0: 1,
SO3the gas concentration is 2.0-10.0%;
c) neutralization-petroleum sulfonic acid is neutralized to pH7-8 with 15-40% alkali solution;
d) extracting and separating, namely extracting with 40-70% ethanol at a solvent ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a surfactant aqueous solution, and performing back extraction with petroleum ether at a temperature of 60-90 ℃ at a solvent ratio of 0.5-0.6: 1;
e) concentration-distilling the ethanol water solution at 40-100 deg.C by distillation;
f) refining, namely extracting and separating unreacted oil by using petroleum ether at the temperature of 60-90 ℃;
2. the petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 wherein the fractional oil molecular weight in step a) of the preparation process is between 320-380.
3. The petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 wherein the sulfonation temperature in step b) of the preparation process is from 75 ℃ to 80 ℃.
4. The petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 wherein the process step b) SO3The mol ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon is 1.3-1.8: 1.
5. The petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 wherein SO is in step b) of the preparation process3The% is 4-8%.
6. The petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1, wherein the alkali solution used in step c) of the preparation method is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
7. A method of making the petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 comprising the steps of:
a) selecting vacuum distillate oil with the molecular weight of 320-380 as a raw material;
b) the temperature of membrane type sulfonation is 60-90 ℃,
SO3the mol ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon is 1.0-2.0: 1,
SO3the gas concentration is 2.0-10.0%;
c) neutralization-neutralization of petroleum sulfonic acid with lye (15-40% strength) to a pH of 7-8;
d) extracting and separating, namely extracting with 40-70% ethanol at a solvent ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a surfactant aqueous solution, and performing back extraction with petroleum ether at a temperature of 60-90 ℃ at a solvent ratio of 0.5-0.6: 1;
e) concentration-the ethanol aqueous solution is distilled and removed under the condition of 40-100 ℃;
f) refining, namely extracting unreacted oil by using petroleum ether at the temperature of 60-90 ℃ to obtain a product;
8. the use of the petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 as an oil displacing agent in tertiary oil recovery.
9. Use of the petroleum sulfonate surfactant of claim 1 as a compounded formulation in enhanced oil recovery.
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| CN99107580.3A CN1128006C (en) | 1999-05-27 | 1999-05-27 | Petroleum sulfonate surfactant for oil field, its preparation process and use in tertiary oil recovery |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101402592A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-08 | 北京天颐格润新能源技术开发有限公司 | Stone oil sulphonic acid, its salt, preparation method and uses thereof |
| CN101955451A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing petroleum sulfonate surfactant by falling film sulfonation |
| CN101455950B (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2011-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of sulfonate surfactant |
-
1999
- 1999-05-27 CN CN99107580.3A patent/CN1128006C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101455950B (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2011-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of sulfonate surfactant |
| CN101402592A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-08 | 北京天颐格润新能源技术开发有限公司 | Stone oil sulphonic acid, its salt, preparation method and uses thereof |
| CN101402592B (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2013-10-09 | 北京天颐格润新能源技术开发有限公司 | Stone oil sulphonic acid, its salt, preparation method and uses thereof |
| CN101955451A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing petroleum sulfonate surfactant by falling film sulfonation |
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