CN1273755A - Wavelength-selective optial switching apparatus optical communication apparatus using it and using method in optical communication apparatus - Google Patents

Wavelength-selective optial switching apparatus optical communication apparatus using it and using method in optical communication apparatus Download PDF

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CN1273755A
CN1273755A CN98809283A CN98809283A CN1273755A CN 1273755 A CN1273755 A CN 1273755A CN 98809283 A CN98809283 A CN 98809283A CN 98809283 A CN98809283 A CN 98809283A CN 1273755 A CN1273755 A CN 1273755A
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port
wavelength
light
switch
equipment
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CN98809283A
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Chinese (zh)
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小M·J·达利
J·M·哈利斯
M·F·克罗尔
D·A·诺兰
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Corning Inc
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Corning Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
    • G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
    • G02B6/29319—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations
    • G02B6/2932—With a cascade of diffractive elements or of diffraction operations comprising a directional router, e.g. directional coupler, circulator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
    • G02B6/29362—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
    • G02B6/29362—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels
    • G02B6/29365—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels in a multireflection configuration, i.e. beam following a zigzag path between filters or filtering operations
    • G02B6/29367—Zigzag path within a transparent optical block, e.g. filter deposited on an etalon, glass plate, wedge acting as a stable spacer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H04J14/0206—Express channels arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H04J14/021—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM]
    • H04J14/0212—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM] using optical switches or wavelength selective switches [WSS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H04J14/0213—Groups of channels or wave bands arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0215—Architecture aspects
    • H04J14/0219—Modular or upgradable architectures

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

An optical switching apparatus is designed to implement a serial switching architecture for wavelength division multiplexed optical communication systems. The design allows for add/drop switching of a selected wavelength channel without switching a non-selected wavelength channel, thereby avoiding potential data loss on the non-selected channel during the add/drop switching interval. Exemplary implementations utilize fiber-optics and free-optics based approaches. The serial architecture readily accommodates new wavelength plans and/or the addition of new wavelength channels.

Description

The wavelength selectivity optical switching device, use its optical communication equipment and the using method in optical communication equipment
Cross-reference with relevant application
The application requires the interests of the 60/059th, No. 214 U.S. Patent application of submission on September 18th, 1997, and this application is incorporated in this by reference.Background of invention
The present invention relates to wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication system.The invention particularly relates to wavelength selectivity handover scheme (it is based on simple series configuration), and design realizes the optical switching device of this structure for the novelty of these systems.In a kind of preferable mode, equipment is configured to wavelength selectivity adds/tell switch.The invention still further relates to optical communication equipment and the method for utilizing its structure.
In wdm optical communication system, for communication is divided into a plurality of wavelength bands or channel to the optical transmission spectrum.A plurality of light signals can (normally optical fiber) sends through common path simultaneously, and each signal is on different wavelength channels.This allows not on the same group terminal use or device to communicate by letter on different channels simultaneously.
Typical wdm optical communication system is configured to network by the interconnected node of optical fiber link.Terminal use and device are connected to network at the node corresponding place.In order to optimize the use of network, design of node generally includes signal and adds/tell function, and the signal in any combination of a wavelength channel or some wavelength channels can be punished out and/or adds at node thus.For this purpose, joint structure can be become (or comprising) wavelength to add/tell multiplexer (WADM).The parts that form node are the smaller the better for the loss that system increases, they should be very reliable, and should provide effective changeable property, thereby the signal on respective channel can be as communicating requirement be ordered for WADM, at the node place by, tell or add.
The design of node that great majority have the WADM ability depends on structure in parallel, is used to provide signal to add/tell function.For example, a kind of construction of switch in parallel between multiplexer and multichannel demultiplexer is used in a kind of design of suggestion, thereby can switch each other channel.A pair of star (star) coupler by the switching construction interconnection in parallel of ripple selectivity is used in the design of another kind of suggestion.
Fig. 1 a illustrates the WADM10 of the design of at first mentioning.WADM10 comprises the multichannel demultiplexer (DEMUX) 12 that is connected to incoming line 14 (for example, optical fiber or optical planar circuit), to receive wavelength X 1-λ nMultiplexed light signal.DEMUX12 goes multiplexed to light signal, and it exports these signals to corresponding 2 * 2 optical switch S that are connected to its outlet side severally 1-S nAs shown in Figure 1a, switch S 1-S nBe connected to the input side of multiplexer (MUX) 16, this multiplexer 16 is made up the signal from switch, with transmission on output line 20.
Under electronic circuit control, can be with switch S 1-S nEach be assumed to be " leading directly to " (bar) (cross) state of state or " bypass ".Under pass-through state, the signal that enters switch from DEMUX12 passes through this switch and the MUX16 that arrives, thereby it remains on transmission on the output line 20.The channel that is loaded with sort signal is referred to as to be in " leading directly to " state.For wavelength channel 1And λ nSwitch illustrate with pass-through state.Under bypass state (by channel lambda iSwitch shown in), the signal that enters switch is directed to outlet 18 in corresponding minute (such as in order to transfer to a terminal use), and by it to output line 20.Alternatively, identical wavelength X iAnother signal can input to system by means of adding lambda line 19 accordingly, with on output line 20 transmission.So for wavelength X iChannel be referred to as to be in " adding/tell " (add/drop) state.
The WADM that is shown in Fig. 1 a is complicated and expensive, and based on a kind of inflexible design.Say property more specifically, this design can not be expanded, to increase new wavelength channel to communication network.This means that initial design of node must comprise excessive capacity,, perhaps must increase particular component and a kind of extra WADM structure, to hold in the future new channel to allow to increase wavelength channel in the future.Before a kind of to be chosen in the cost aspect uneconomical because be necessary for the devices allocation fund, to handle compared with the first required more channel of channel.A kind of selection in back may need to come down to cost in the future and owing to extra system loss has problem.
Parallel connection structure based on star-type coupler also has problem.For example, the star coupling process itself has consumption, and loss increases with the number of channel, and (n is pressed in loss 2Increase, n is the adding/drop channel number that needs in node one place here).In addition, as the design among Fig. 1 a, be complicated and expensive, and be not easy to expand to exceed initial design capacity and hold extra wavelength channel based on the design of star-type coupler.
Fig. 1 b illustrates a kind of known signal based on series configuration and adds/tell parts 30.As shown in the figure, this parts can be made like this, that is, be provided with one and be tuned to required wavelength X between two optical circulators 32,36 iBragg grating device 33.The Bragg grating device can be realized with the various forms that comprises optical fiber and planar device.Each circulator 32,36 comprises port one, 2 and 3 separately.
Parts 30 are gone up at incoming line 14 (for example, an optical fiber or optical planar circuit) and are received different wave length λ at the port one place of optical circulator 32 1-λ nThe combined group of signal.Signal is transmitted to Bragg grating 33 through the port 2 of circulator 32.Except wavelength X iSignal outside, the Bragg grating make all signals by and arrive output line 20 through the port 2 and 3 of circulator 36.Wavelength X iSignal (it is the signal that will be told) by the Bragg optical grating reflection, and through the port 2 of circulator 32 and 3 and be transmitted to branch outlet 38.The wavelength X that is added into iSignal can be through adding lambda line 39 to the input of the port one place of circulator 36, and combined on output line 20 with remaining transmission signals.
Parts 30 have the fairly simple advantage of design, but it is not changeable.So, must be being told by the signal on the channel of Bragg grating 33 reflections.By comprising that between circulator other grating can be designed to these parts to tell/add the signal of a plurality of wavelength.But still must tell signal by all wavelengths of optical grating reflection.Therefore, parts 30 can not use the adding of freely selecting that provide required/tell function for the WDM network of available energy.
Fig. 1 c illustrate a kind of WADM design 30 of suggestion ', it is based on a kind of switchable series configuration.This design comprises 2 * 2 optical switch S that are arranged on a plurality of series connection between a pair of optical circulator 32,36 1-S N+1(n is the number of channel), as described in conjunction with Fig. 1 b, each circulator has three ports. Optical circulator 32,36 is connected to incoming line 14 and output line 20 respectively.The wavelength selectivity Bragg grating 33 of the respective wavelength of the adjacent switch in this series by being tuned to system i(i=1 to n) and additional by-pass line 35 and intercouple.Divide outlet 38 and add lambda line 39 and be connected to optical circulator 32,36 respectively.
In the work of WADM30 ', so construct switch S 1-S n(using straight-through and bypass state) makes and transmits input WDM signal to grating corresponding to the signal that will be told.Grating is back to the optical circulator 32 that will be told through minute outlet 38 to corresponding signal reflex.Remaining signal (direct channel) by grating to circulator 36 and to output line 20.Can be replaced through adding the new signal that lambda line 39 inputs to circulator 36 by the signal told.
When needs hold extra wavelength, can expand WADM30 '.This is by new switch is increased in the existing cascaded structure, and suitable tuning Bragg grating is accomplished.So can make WADM30 ', it both can satisfy the channel of network starts from amount, and excessive capacity needn't be provided, and can optionally and in addition expand afterwards again.
Though the switchable series configuration of WADM30 ' provides good flexibility for expansion, WADN30 ' has the remarkable risk of loss of data.This is because the signal of all wavelengths channel (comprising direct channel) is all switched.For example, when telling wavelength X iSignal the time, corresponding switch S 1Switch to bypass state, thereby all channels all are sent to grating 33 1As a result, at the signal data that can be lost between transfer period on the direct channel.
Brief summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of improved switchable series configuration of the WDM of being used for network application.As below seeing, the invention provides the simplicity that is associated with series configuration and easy extendibility, avoided switching the possibility (regarding to the discussion of Fig. 1 c on seeing) of the obliterated data that the design of direct channel is associated simultaneously again with needs.
According to a main aspect of the present invention, the invention provides the switchgear that is used for wdm optical communication, this equipment comprises the Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, and it comprises input port, output port, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter that is used to receive a plurality of light wavelength channel.Configured and disposed wavelength selectivity filter, with the signal guidance on a plurality of propagating wave long channels that receive to output port, and the signal guidance on another wavelength channel that receives to light shifter.Light shifter is set, it can make other wavelength channels at the diameter state with tell or add/switch between minute doing well, and do not switch a plurality of wavelength channels.
In a preferred mode, the light changeover module comprises first and second optical circulators, and each optical circulator has first, second and the 3rd port at least.First port of first circulator is formed input port, and the 3rd port of second circulator is formed output port.The wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between two second ends that are connected first and second circulators.Light shifter is connected between first port of the 3rd port of first circulator and second circulator.
In another kind of preferred mode, the light changeover module comprises first and second optical couplers, and each optical coupler has first, second and the 3rd port at least.First port of first coupler is formed input port, and second port of second coupler is formed output port.The wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between first port of second port that is connected in first coupler and second coupler.Light shifter is connected between two the 3rd ports of first and second couplers.
In another preferred mode, the wavelength selectivity filter comprises one four port filter device, and this device has a film notch filter, and this notch filter is coupled to first to fourth port.First port and the 4th port are formed input port and output port respectively.The signal on a plurality of channels that receives in first port reflexes to the 4th port from thin film filter, and the signal on another channel that receives is by filter to the second port.Light shifter is connected between the second and the 3rd port.
Another preferred mode is used wavelength selectivity Mach-Zehnder filter device.The Mach-Zehnder device can comprise first and second 2 * 2 optical couplers, and each 2 * 2 optical coupler has the first, second, third and the 4th port.First port of first coupler is formed input port.Third and fourth port of first coupler is connected to first and second ports of second coupler respectively by the first and second phase shift light paths.In the first and second phase shift light paths, the reflecting grating part is set.Light shifter is connected between the 3rd port of second port of first coupler and second coupler, and the 4th port of second coupler is formed output port.
Another preferred mode is used the wavelength selectivity thin film filter, this thin film filter reflects for a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, and be transmission, and it is arranged on from the signal path that input port is propagated for the wavelength channel that another receives.Switching device shifter has a part that can switch between the primary importance and the second place.In primary importance, changeable stops the signal that transmits by thin film filter, makes this signal be transmitted to output port.In the second place, changeable signal that allows to transmit told through filter.
In also having a kind of preferred mode, all optical elements of wavelength selectivity filter and light shifter all are the element of movable optical element (free-optics) (non-waveguide components).Is favourable based on the structure of movable optical element from the viewpoint that reduces component number thereby reduce the total cost of equipment.
According to another main aspect of the present invention, the switching device that is used for wdm optical communication can comprise input port, and (it is constructed and receives a plurality of multiplexed light signals, each light signal is on different wavelength channels), output port, first light path and second light path from input port to output port from input port to output port.Second light path comprises light shifter, and first light path comprises the wavelength selectivity filter, and it is constructed the signal that makes at least one select and is transmitted to switching device shifter, and makes the light path of remaining signal through comprising first light path be transmitted to output port.Switching device shifter has first state and second state, first state makes at least one propagate the signal of selecting that comes from the wavelength selectivity filter and is transmitted to output through second light path, and at second state, tell from the wavelength selectivity filter and propagate at least one signal of selecting of coming, thereby be not transmitted to output port.
Preferred mode also comprises the realization based on the element that uses optical circulator, optical coupler, notch filter device or movable optical element.
According to main aspect in addition of the present invention, the invention provides the signal that is used for wdm optical communication system and add/tell equipment, this equipment comprises that the wavelength selectivity of a plurality of series coupled adds/tell switch, wherein each switch structure comes in pass-through state and adding/switch corresponding wavelength channel between minute doing well, and does not switch another wavelength channel that is present in this switch.
As will seeing in the back, of the present invention also have an aspect to relate to have redundancy the wavelength selectivity that adds/tell switching capability to add/tell the design of switching device shifter, and relate to equipment and the method that has benefited from this design.
By detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will more fully understand above-mentioned and other aspects of the present invention, and its feature and advantage.
Summary of drawings
Fig. 1 a is based on the schematic diagram of the WADM design of structure in parallel.
The signal that Fig. 1 b is based on series configuration adds/tells the schematic diagram of parts.
Fig. 1 c is based on the schematic diagram of the WADM design of changeable series configuration.
Fig. 2 being connected in series of schematically having drawn according to a plurality of switch modules of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that adds/tell switch according to wavelength selectivity of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a and 4b show " leading directly to " state and " adding/tell " state of 4 port optical switches respectively.
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates being connected in series of two Bragg gratings.
Fig. 6 and 7 is 4 fiber port switches, and it can be used for wavelength selectivity of the present invention and adds/tell switch.
Fig. 8 is to use the wavelength selectivity of fiber coupler to add/tell the schematic diagram of another embodiment of switch.
Fig. 9 is to use the wavelength selectivity of Mach-Zehnder filter to add/tell the schematic diagram of another embodiment of switch.
Figure 10 is to use the wavelength selectivity of 4 port film notch filters to add/tell the schematic diagram of another embodiment of switch.
Figure 11 illustrates wavelength selectivity and adds/tell switch and adding/minute do well and pass-through state under output spectrum.
Figure 12 illustrates wavelength selectivity and adds/tell switch and adding/minute do well and pass-through state under the transmission spectrum of branch outbound port.
Figure 13 schematically draws based on the another embodiment of the present invention of movable optical element design.
Figure 14 illustrates a kind of change of the embodiment of Figure 13.
Figure 15 schematically draws based on another embodiment of movable optical element design.
Figure 16 illustrates a kind of change of the embodiment of Figure 15.
Figure 17 application of the present invention of schematically drawing for two-way communication.
Schematically the draw wavelength selectivity of the embodiment that is used for Figure 17 of Figure 18 adds/tells device.
Figure 19 and 20 illustrates the change of the device of Figure 18.
The description of preferred embodiment
Fig. 2 illustrates according to the WADM system based on changeable series configuration of the present invention.The basic standarized component of system (building block) is that wavelength selectivity adds/tell switch (WSA/D switch).Shown in form in, system comprises being connected in series of WSA/D switch module, for each wavelength channel that exists in the system 1-λ nA switch module is provided.According to the requirement of system, can use and construct the switch module that switches more than a wavelength channel.The assembly character of system allows easily to re-construct and expand, to be fit to new channel plan and to increase new channel.Re-construct by in system, reinstalling each assembly simply, can finishing.As long as expand and increase new switch module, they construct the new channel that switches the system that will add to.
For the system that is shown in Fig. 2, a kind of preferable WSA/D switch designs will be transparent in fact to all channels except to of being considered or some channels.It also will allow effectively to switch the channel of being considered between pass-through state and adding/minute do well (or divide do well, if the words that do not have signal to add), and not be switched other channels.Therefore, consider that the switching of channel can not destroy the transmission of other channels.
Fig. 3 is a kind of like this schematic diagram of WSA/D switch designs.The WSA/D switch 40 that is shown in Fig. 3 comprises that optical switch device (is 2 * 2 switch S here iWith the wavelength selectivity filter assembly 45 that is attached thereto), this assembly 45 comprises two optical circulators 42 and 46 and be tuned to the wavelength X of selecting iSingle optical fiber Bragg raster 43.The port 3 of the port one of circulator 42 and circulator 46 is formed the input port and the output port of WSA/D switch respectively.Switch S iWavelength insensitive (no wavelength optionally) preferably, its is connected to assembly 45 through line 44 at the port 3 of circulator 42 and the port one place of circulator 46.The WSA/D switch can be with respect to wavelength X iChannel and take one of two states (pass-through state or adding/minute do well), this depends on 4 port switch S iState.Switch S iCorresponding state roughly be shown among Fig. 4 a and the 4b.
Channel wavelength λ 1-λ nInput signal provide to WSA/D switch input terminal mouth by incoming line 14.All input signals are transmitted to grating 43 by circulator 42, and this grating is tuned to the wavelength X of selecting iThe direct channel signal is (except λ iOutside the signal of all wavelengths) be transmitted to output line 20 by grating 43 and circulator 46.
The channel lambda of being selected by grating 43 iSignal be reflected by circulator 42, and transfer to switch S from the port 3 of this circulator iWork as switch S iWhen being in pass-through state (Fig. 3 and 4a), the signal of selecting is transmitted to the port one of circulator 46 through the port 4 of switch, and is transmitted to output line 20 from the port 3 of this circulator.Work as switch S iBe in that adding/when minute doing well (Fig. 4 b), the signal of selecting is transmitted to branch outlet 48 through the port 3 of switch.In this state, wavelength X iSignal can be through adding lambda line 49 in switch S iPort 2 places add.So switch S iPort 2 and 3 form the adding of WSA/D switch 40 respectively and divide outbound port.
As what will understand from the description of front, the structure of Fig. 3 provides two paths from the input port of WSA/D switch 40 to output port.Say more in detail, first path of the signal on the direct channel through comprising circulator 42, grating 43 and circulator 46 is transmitted to output port.Wavelength X iSelect signal on the channel through comprising circulator 42, line 44 and switch S iAssembly and second propagated of circulator 46 to output port.Because the direct channel signal is only propagated by circulator 42,46 and grating 43, therefore in switch S iTransfer period between, can not destroy their propagation.
In second path, arrange switch S iSo allow direct channel to be switched in pass-through state and adding/switch the channel of selecting between minute doing well.This has been avoided and the risk of switching the obliterated data that direct channel accompanies.The attribute of other of WSA/D switch 40 comprises its low-loss, assembly and less complexity, that is, this switch needs only with two discrete parts ( filter assembly 45 and 4 port switch S i) can construct.
Can change WSA/D switch 40 to add or to tell a plurality of signals, its way is to provide a grating for each signal wavelength.For example, can tell and add wavelength X from the WSA/D switch 1And λ 2Signal, its way is to replace grating 43 with being connected in series of grating shown in Figure 5 66 and 67.
Various types of optical switches can be used as 4 port switch S iFig. 6 illustrates surrounding layer fiber switch 50, and its operation principle is at United States Patent (USP) 4,763, discloses in 977 and 5,353,363 (they all by with reference to being incorporated in this).Switch 50 comprises the WDM fiber coupler 51 with two optical fiber.The end 52a of an optical fiber and 52b are outstanding from the opposite end of coupler 51, and the end 53a of another optical fiber and 53b are outstanding from the opposite end of coupler 51.Make coupler 51 at one end fixing with suitable fixture, and the other end of coupler can switchably bend it with bending device 56.The device of electromagnetism, piezoelectricity, bimetallic and other types can provide the bending coupler required little in check moving.The function of switch 50 is coupled to another root optical fiber for the light signal that is applied to optical fiber end 52a when coupler does not bend, and appears at optical fiber end 53b.Similarly, when coupler did not bend, the signal that is applied to optical fiber end 53a was coupled to another root optical fiber, and appears at optical fiber end 52b.When optical fiber bent, the light signal that is applied to optical fiber kept not being coupled, and appears at optical fiber end 52b.Be used in United States Patent (USP) Re.31,579; 4,204,744; 4,303,302; The method that discloses in 4,318,587 and 4,337,995 (they all are incorporated in this by reference), coupler 51 can be by deviation to bending state.At United States Patent (USP) 5,146, the spinning movement of the switch that discloses in 519 (it is incorporated in this by reference) also is suitable for diverter switch 50 very much; The rectilinear motion of actuation of the switch device can be converted to twist motion simply.
4 port switch S iAlso can construct according to Fig. 7.In the structure of Fig. 7, changeable optical fiber (it is connected to input port 1) can switch between minute outbound port 3 and output port 4 shown in double-head arrow a, similarly, changeable optical fiber 58 (it is connected to and adds inbound port 2) can switch to or from port 4, shown in double-head arrow b.
Under switching state not, changeable optical fiber 58 and 59 positions that are in by the solid line representative, thereby signaling channel is connected to port 4 from port one.Under switching state, changeable optical fiber 58 and 59 is in by dotted line 58 ' and the position of 59 ' representative.Therefore, signaling channel is connected to port 3 from port one, and port 2 is connected to port 4.Can use such as in United States Patent (USP) Re31,579; 4,204,744; 4,303,302; Those devices that disclose in 4,318,587 and 4,337,995 switch between the state shown in two.
Fig. 8 illustrates WSA/D switch 70, and wherein, the circulator of Fig. 3 replaces with optical coupler 72,76.As shown in Figure 8, filter assembly 75 comprises two three-dB couplers 72 and 76 (each has port one-3 separately) and an optical fiber Bragg raster 43.Wavelength X 1-λ nChannel signal on the incoming line 14 of switch 70, receive, and be coupled to grating 43 by the straight-through port 1 and 2 of coupler 72.Except wavelength X 1Signal outside, the signal that receives be transmitted to the port one of coupler 76 and from its port 2 to output line 20.Wavelength X iSignal be reflected back toward the port 2 of coupler 72 and from its port 3 to 4 port switch S i, according to switch S iState, this signal may be told or do not told there.Work as switch S iWhen being in pass-through state, wavelength X iSignal be transmitted to the port 3 of coupler 76, this signal is coupled to port 2 and is placed on the output line 20 there.Work as switch S iBe in that adding/when minute doing well, signal is transmitted to branch outlet 48.Depend on the system that uses WSA/D switch 70, it may be desirable that isolator is put into line 14.
Obviously, be similar to the arrangement of Fig. 3, WSA/D switch 70 provides two light paths from its input port to its output port, has aforesaid attendant advantages.
Fig. 9 illustrates according to another kind of WSA/D switch 80 of the present invention.Wherein, two optical circulators and an optical fiber Bragg raster of Fig. 3 replace with Mach-Zehnder (MZ) wavelength selectivity filter assembly 85, at United States Patent (USP) 4,900, have described various MZ filter assemblies 85 in 119 (it is incorporated in this by reference).
Briefly, the operation principle of MZ filter assembly is as follows.Provide input channel signal by incoming line 14, and the port one of this signal by first coupler 82 enters filter assembly 85 with a plurality of wavelength.By after the coupler 82, wavelength is separated, and the signal phase shift in every arm pi/2.The wavelength with Bragg grating 83 resonance in the phase shift path is not sent to coupler 86.There, because additional pi/2 phase shift, all light is coupled to the port 4 of coupler 86 with interfering once more, and exports output line 20 to from the MZ-WSA/D switch.Wavelength X iBy the Bragg optical grating reflection, and at second pi/2 phase shift that suffer that is propagated back to coupler 82, so it exports and be transmitted to 4 port switch S at port 2 places of coupler from filter assembly iAny λ that is transmitted to coupler 86 from 4 port switch iSignal will be by the Bragg optical grating reflection, and be sent to its port 4, this and λ from the port 3 of coupler 86 iInput signal identical from the mode that the port one of coupler 82 sends to port 2.
4 port switch are worked in the mode of describing in conjunction with Fig. 3.So when 4 port switch were in pass-through state, the signal of being selected by MZ filter assembly 85 was around comprising switch S iThe path be reflected, and send out MZ-WSA/D switch 80 by the port 3 and 4 of coupler 86.Work as switch S iBe in adding/when minute doing well, the signal of being selected by MZ filter assembly 85 is in switch S iPort 3 punish out, and the new signal of identical wavelength can add (seeing Fig. 4 b) at port 4 places of switch.
Fig. 4 illustrates according to another WSA/D switch 90 of the present invention.This switch uses 4 port film notch filter assemblies 95 and does not use the Bragg grating.Can be according to for example constructing notch filter assembly 95 from the instruction of outstanding " thin film filter " book of the H.A.Macleod of American Elsevier publishing house publication in 1969, this book is incorporated in this by reference.
The operation principle of switch 90 is as follows.Provide different wave length λ by means of incoming line 14 1-λ nInput channel signal, and the input port 1 of this signal by filter assembly 95 enters WSA/D switch 90.Except λ iAll input channel signal outside the channel signal reflect from the surperficial 92a of film notch filter 92, and export output line 20 at output port 4 places of filter assembly.λ iChannel signal is propagated through notch filter 92, and the port 2 from its surperficial 92b to filter assembly, and this signal is coupled to 4 port switch S by means of one of two lines 44 there iWhen 4 port switch are in pass-through state, λ iChannel signal is around comprising line 44 and switch S iPropagated, and be sent to the port 3 of filter assembly, this signal is propagated from filter assembly, by notch filter 92, will be from port 4 outputs.Port one-4 also optically is coupled to thin film filter 92, because grin lens separately (gradient-index lens-not shown) is connected to those ports.Work as switch S iBe in adding/when minute doing well, send λ from port 2 iChannel signal is to dividing outlet 48, and can add new signal by means of additional wire 49 on same channel.The signal that adds is from switch S iBe transmitted to port 3, this signal is transmitted to port 4 and output line 20 from port 3 by notch filter 92.
Illustrated that the double-channel wavelength selectivity in conjunction with Fig. 3 and the 5 the sort of types that disclose adds/tell the operation principle of switch.Switch is to make with two commercially available optical circulators and the many covering bending couplers that are shown in the sort of type of Fig. 6.Make two optical fiber Bragg rasters that are connected in series, under the wavelength of 1554.8 nanometers and 1555.8 nanometers, to work.In addition, the single channel switch of working has been described under the wavelength of 1557 nanometers.Single channel switch performances and two channel switch are similar.
Figure 11 illustrates, when 4 port switch are in adding/minute do well and pass-through state, and the output port transmitted spectrum of double-channel device.Under pass-through state, for channel of selecting and adjacent channel, inserting loss is respectively 3.7dB and 1.9dB (curve 98 and 99).Directivity is 36dB (curve 100 and 101), and it is subjected to bending the restriction of coupler switch.
In the reflectance spectrum of telling the port as shown in figure 12.The insertion loss that switch is in adding/under minute doing well is 1.8dB (curve 102 and 103), and directivity is 34dB ( curve 104 and 105).The adjacent channel inhibition is subjected to the restriction of the sideband of used optical fiber Bragg raster.The insertion loss of switch is subjected to the loss of circulator and at the high Δ optical fiber that is used for the Bragg grating be used for the restriction (the insertion loss of bending switch only has 0.15dB) of the loss of the welded joint between the standard single-mode fiber of circulator.
By reducing splicing loss,, can reduce to 1.75dB and 0.8dB with inserting loss respectively for that select and adjacent channel to negligible size.Suppose to have these low-losses, can estimate, before the total insertion loss of accumulation 30dB, can be connected in series 32 single channel switches.In fact, by using the Mach-Zehnder filter type switch of describing in conjunction with Fig. 9, can be low to moderate 18dB for total insertion loss of 32 switches.
Experimental result is pointed out, can produce according to WSA/D switch of the present invention with low insertion loss and high directivity.
Figure 13-16 illustrates other according to WSA/D switch of the present invention.Use the wavelength selectivity thin film filter in Figure 13,16 design, but not as the embodiment of Figure 10, they are based on that use activity optical element (non-waveguide component) obtains that wavelength is selected and the channel handoff functionality.This permission is combined into individual devices to thin film filter and channel switching part.So can reduce the number of part of whole switch designs and the number of optical fiber splice, thereby reduce production cost.
Figure 13 illustrates WSA/D switch 100.Switch has four optical ports, comprises input port 1, the output port 4 that is connected to output line 20 of linking incoming line 14, is connected to and adds adding inbound port 2 and being connected to the branch outbound port 3 of branch outlet 108 of lambda line 109.By means of grin lens 102 separately 1-102 4And wavelength selectivity switch module 105 (it comprise membrane wave filter 103 and at this with movable mirror parts M iForm changeable), input port is coupled to other ports.Certainly, if undesired signal adds ability, then can omit the grin lens that adds inbound port and be associated.
Thin film filter 103 is for the channel wavelength λ that selects iTransmission only, and for the only reflection of remaining channel wavelength.Be set up the light that filter reflects all the other channel wavelengths suitably, with by means of grin lens 102 4Be transmitted to output port.The light of selecting wavelength by filter towards a minute outbound port grin lens 102 3Transmission, these lens stride across thin film filter substantially with input port grin lens 102 1Optically aim at.
Changeable M iHave first and second minute surfaces 104,106 that are installed on the shared supporting member 107, and can move between the two positions, one of them position is corresponding to wavelength X iThe pass-through state (among Figure 13 with the position shown in the solid line) of channel, another position is corresponding to the adding of channel/(position that is shown in broken lines) minute does well.In feed-through locations, first minute surface 104 be provided with wavelength X by thin film filter 103 transmissions iRay intersection.This light is reflected onto second minute surface 106 then, and this minute surface 106 reflects light again, by thin film filter to output port grin lens 102 4, so that light is placed on the output line 20.At changeable M iAdding/tell position, first and second minute surfaces 104,106 from separately in input and tell grin lens 102 1, 102 3Between light path and output with add grin lens 102 4, 102 2Between light path remove.So, by the wavelength X of thin film filter transmission iLight by means of grin lens 102 3Be transmitted to branch outbound port 3.Alternatively, extraction of signal can be replaced by the signal of an identical wavelength, and this signal is adding the introducing of inbound port 2 places by means of line 109.New signal is from adding inbound port through grin lens 102 2, thin film filter 103 and output port grin lens 102 4Be transmitted to output port 4.
Can enough various mechanisms come easily to movable piece M iPower is provided.For example, can be attached to the mirror supporting member to a permanent magnet, and two electromagnet are arranged on separately stop position place, these two positions are corresponding to the pass-through state of movable piece and adding/tell state position.
Should be appreciated that embodiment is such as described previously, the light of direct channel (the not channel that is switched by light shifter) and select channel wavelength λ iLight along different paths from the input port of WSA/D switch 100 to output port, and the light path of only selecting channel wavelength is switched.Say more in detail, direct channel comprises input port grin lens 102 along one 1, thin film filter 103 the plane of incidence and output port grin lens 102 4The path.Select wavelength X iLight comprise input port grin lens 102 along one 1, for the first time by thin film filter 103, movable piece M iFirst and second reflectings surface 104 and 106, for the second time by thin film filter 103 and output port grin lens 102 4So, as among the embodiment formerly, wavelength X iSelect channel can straight-through and add/switch between minute doing well, and do not switch direct channel.
Though in fact needn't be like this, the way that first and second minute surfaces 104,106 are arranged on the shared movable support is favourable, this is because it is convenient to accurately and stably aim at minute surface.As a kind of change, can make with prism for changeable, and minute surface is made of the reflection end face on the prism.When structure, grin lens 102 1-102 4Aligning can finish by the way of " along light path " simply, it is from input port, and proceeds to output port, adds inbound port and divide outbound port (in two kinds of situations, mirror shifts out route in the back).Output port and add inbound port grin lens 102 4, 102 2Stride across thin film filter 103 substantially and optically aim at mutually, as input port and branch outbound port grin lens 102 1, 102 3Like that.
Another advantage of movable optical element design is the optical fiber permanent attachment that it allows all to be associated with WSA/D switch 100, thereby they are fixed.In contrast, light-mechanical switch (such as those switches of discussing in conjunction with the example of front) allows optical fiber to move in switch.
The optical property of WSA/D switch for direct channel, wishes that inserting loss only is about 0.5dB for direct channel optimization.Maximum losses will appear in changeable channel under pass-through state, even but in this case, also wish to insert loss less than 1.5dB.Take place because switch in the dorsal part of filter 103, so direct channel is unaffected between transfer period.Cross-talk also is only limited to can be by the outer cross-talk of the band that component of the light filter obtains.In addition, because therefore the light that thin film filter will only allow to select wavelength X i prevented in the light signal bunch (bundle) unauthorized wavelength is arranged by it.Any outer wavelength of band that enters the device that adds inbound port will be reflected into the branch outbound port and leave output port by thin film filter.For purpose of safety, this is favourable.In addition, because second reflecting surface 106 is arranged on from adding the feed-through locations of the switch piece of inbound port to the path of output port, unless therefore in the adding/separated position of switch, even the light of selecting wavelength can not be introduced into by means of adding inbound port.
Figure 14 shows an embodiment, and it provides additional channel adding/minute output capacity in the change of Figure 13 design.In Figure 14, WSA/D switch 100 ' comprises the wavelength selectivity changeover module 105,105 ' of two series coupled, each assembly has a thin film filter that is tuned to different wave length, (on the optics) is arranged between input port 1 and the output port 4, extra adding is provided and divides outbound port 2 ', 3 ' and the grin lens 102 ' that is associated 2With 102 ' 3, to be fit to adding/tell function for additional wavelength.
In the embodiment of Figure 14, the direct channel signal is along comprising input port grin lens 102 1, the first film filter 103, second thin film filter 103 ' and the output port grin lens 102 4First light path.Along (under the pass-through state) paths from input port to output port, this path comprises the direct channel of just having described, and adds to comprise changeable M by the channel signal of long selectivity changeover module 105 switchings of first filter i' part.Say more in detail, this light institute comprises input port grin lens 102 along the path 1, first path, changeable M by thin film filter 103 iFirst and second minute surfaces, by the alternate path of thin film filter 103 and the plane of incidence of second thin film filter 103 ', this light reflexes to output port grin lens 102 from the incidence surface of second thin film filter 103 ' 4Along a similar path, just its light is by 103 reflections of the first film filter and by the 103 ' transmission of second thin film filter along (under pass-through state) for the channel signal that is switched by the second smooth changeover module 105 ', and by second changeable M I' re-boot to output port grin lens 102 4
As will understanding from Fig. 4, the basic movable optical element design of Figure 13 can advantageously be expanded, and only needs to insert extra wavelength selectivity switching device shifter and adds accordingly and tell grin lens, and needn't be back to optical fiber.
The structure that is shown in Figure 13 and 14 may be used some occasionally suitable optical property is not provided, and this is owing to be incident on the cause of the loss relevant with polarization that the big incidence angle on the filter causes.Yet movable optical element method can easily realize with less angle of reflection.Figure 15 shows such an embodiment.
In the embodiment of Figure 15, WSA/D switch 300 comprises that a plurality of being tuned to select wavelength X iAnd be installed in a plurality of waveguide optional membrane filter 303a-303c on one group of parallel attachment rail 350, in order to complications (zig-zag) part of the light path of determining coupling output port 1 and output port 4.The direct channel signal that receives through incoming line 14 at the port one place is from grin lens 302 1Be transmitted to the first filter 303a.To filter 303b, signal reflexes to filter 303c from filter 303b to filter 303a (it reflects for the direct channel filter is long), then to grin lens 302 signal reflex 4, in order on output line 20, to propagate.
Changeable M i' comprise a pair of mirror 304,306 that is installed on the public movable support platform 307.As pointed by double-headed arrow, platform 307 can be corresponding to for wavelength X iFeed-through locations primary importance (solid line) and corresponding to moving between the 2nd position (filter line) that adds/minute do well.Simplify the replacement position of not shown mirror 304,306 in Figure 15 for making accompanying drawing.
In the primary importance of platform 307, mirror 304 is arranged on branch outbound port grin lens 302 3And between the first film filter 303a, and mirror 306 is arranged on and adds inbound port grin lens 302 2And the 3rd between the thin film filter 303c.What enter switch selects channel wavelength λ iLight originally transmit by the first filter 303a, with to a minute outbound port grin lens 302 3Propagate.Yet the light of transmission is stopped that by mirror 304 it reflexes to mirror 306 with light.Mirror 306 reflects light, enters the direct channel path by means of filter 303c.Then, light ray propagation is to grin lens 302 4With output port 4.In this state, the location of mirror 306 also will prevent to introduce external signal by adding inbound port.
Adding/telling the position, movable support element 307 so is set, thereby mirror 304,306 is not blocked in branch outbound port grin lens 302 3And between the first film 303a and adding inbound port grin lens 302 2And the 3rd light path separately between the thin film filter.What therefore, enter switch is selecting channel wavelength λ iOn light transmission the first film filter then through grin lens 302 3Be transmitted to branch outbound port 3.At channel wavelength λ iOn the adding signal can add through adding inbound port 3, adding signal will propagate by 302 from port 2 2, the 3rd thin film filter 303c and grin lens 302 4And the output port 4 that arrives.
In a kind of change of the structure that is shown in Figure 15, the second thin film filter 303b can substitute by enough mirrors.Yet, the filter shown in preferably using.Especially, filter will send (therefore removing) wavelength X iThe remaining light of not removing at filter 303a place, so allow to use for wavelength X iLess radioparent filter is arranged.
As the embodiment of front, WSA/D switch shown in Figure 15 provides two light paths from input port to output port.For direct channel, light path comprises input port grin lens 302 1, first to the 3rd filter elements 303a-303c and output port grin lens 302 4On the other hand, changeable channel is along comprising input port grin lens 302 1, by filter 303a, mirror 304, mirror 306 and the path by filter 303c to output port grin lens 302 4In this design, the switching of adding/drop channel occurs in equally to outside this channel rather than the thin film filter to the direct channel transmission, and handover operation does not destroy the propagation of direct channel thus.
The structure of Figure 15 is to expand easily, its way is that the tuning suitably thin film filter that increases is provided on attachment rail 350, with the extension zigzag path, and the adding that increases is provided and divides outbound port, movable mirror and grin lens, its arrangement is similar with the corresponding construction among Figure 15.Certainly, to settle output port again corresponding to the end of the zigzag path that extends.
Figure 16 illustrates an embodiment, wherein, has expanded the arrangement of Figure 15, with for being in wavelength X iSecond channel provide optionally and add/tell function.Corresponding to the control wavelength X iThe parts that increase of parts of first channel in Figure 16, represent with the label that corresponding band is cast aside.In this example, from mirror 306 (pass-through state) or from grin lens 302 2(add/minute do well) is by the wavelength X of filter 303c iFlashlight be transmitted to output port grin lens 302 along the light path part of complications from filter 303c 4, this is because thin film filter 303a '-303c ' is tuned to λ jWavelength X iChannel can be in pass-through state and adding/switch between minute doing well, as described in connection with Fig. 15.With the parts that increase accordingly and identical method, wavelength X jChannel be switchable.
How Figure 17 can use the provide support joint structure (for example, in two-way ring (ring) network like that) of redundancy communication of basic series configuration of the present invention if illustrating.Briefly, two-way loop network uses a plurality of nodes with one or more pairs of optical fiber transmission line interconnection, to form ring.Article two, optical fiber cable can be installed along different routes, and transmits information mutually in opposite direction with respect to ring.This has improved the survival capability of network in the incident that a plurality of faults (cutting off and/or the node component inefficacy such as optical fiber) occur." optical-fiber network, a kind of viewpoints of reality " that the people showed such as R.Ramaswami that Morgan Kaufmann publishing house published in 1998 asked for an interview in more detailed description for bilateral network, and it is incorporated in this by reference.
In the structure of Figure 17, a network node N comprises that a plurality of bi-directional wavelength selectivity add/tell device AD 1-AD nThese devices comprise signal processing apparatus SPD separately 1-SPD n, each signal processing apparatus is constructed and is received and send wavelength X 1-λ nIn a corresponding wavelength.For example, signal processing apparatus can be that Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) adds/tell multiplexed terminal, SONET line terminal equipment or Internet protocol (IP) router.Certainly, according to the designing requirement of node, dissimilar signal processing apparatus can be used for different wavelength channels.Signal processing apparatus is to the data that receive and will be used as light signal and handle with the mode of electronics through the data that the wdm optical communication network transmits.
For the corresponding optical wavelength channel, each signal processing apparatus is connected to a pair of wavelength selectivity and adds/tell the adding separately of (WSA/D) switch and divide outbound port.Each WSA/D switch belongs to one of two cascaded structures (they are respectively applied for and switch eastbound and two row signals).
The structure of each WSA/D switch is all according to foregoing principle of the present invention.For example, can use any structure in Fig. 3,8-10 and 13, perhaps use the combination of a plurality of formations among them.Can certainly use such as the structure that is shown in Figure 14 and 16, add/tell switching to provide for a plurality of signal processing apparatus, unless for each other wavelength, discrete switch module is better.
Be appreciated that the structure that is shown in Figure 17 can easily change and/or expand, to adapt to the requirement of change system.In order to change structure, can add/tell device AD by different series sequence arrangements 1-AD nPerhaps, can replace (or several) in these devices with the same device that is operated in new wavelength (or new wavelength separately).Another kind of change can comprise and replacing or to expand the WSA/D switch of one or more devices right, and be provided with the signal processing apparatus that is associated be operated in their new WSA/D switches on the tuning wavelength separately.By increasing one or more addings/tell device to finish expansion, each device is operated on separately the new wavelength, and these devices can be increased in the end or the centre of cascaded structure.
Figure 18 is that the bi-directional wavelength selectivity that Figure 17 is shown adds/tell device AD iThe more detailed figure of illustration structure.This device comprises signal processing apparatus SPD i, eastbound (shown in figure top) WSA/D switch and (shown in the figure bottom) the WSA/D switch that heads west.Shown in structure in, each WSA/D switch comprises and is tuned to wavelength X iThe wavelength selectivity filter assembly and the light shifter S that forms by 2 * 2 fiber switchs iSo, for example can this concrete structure be described in conjunction with any figure of Fig. 3 and 8-10.Signal processing apparatus SPD iBy adding lambda line 49 and dividing outlet 48 to be connected to 2 * 2 switch S separately eastbound and the WSA/D switch that heads west i
Under the pass-through state of eastbound WSA/D switch, the wavelength X that on eastbound input optical fibre 14, receives iSignal will be transmitted to eastbound output optical fibre 20, to transmit with eastbound direct channel signal.In the adding of eastbound 2 * 2 switches/minute do well down the channel wavelength λ that receives iSignal divide outlet to tell to signal processing apparatus SPD through the west iSignal processing apparatus also can add lambda line through east and introduce new signal on same channel, to propagate on eastbound output optical fibre 20 with direct channel.The switching of 2 * 2 switches of heading west is propagated the adding provide identical/tell function for heading west of channel wavelength λ i.
Signal processing apparatus SPD iControl by shared network management and control system (not shown) with optical switch.The specific control operation of network management and control system will depend on that the type of the network that is comprised and its fault prevent process.For example, switch in ring (UPSR) network in so-called unidirectional path, the signal communication amount transmits along eastbound and the direction that heads west simultaneously.In this case, signal processing apparatus will be handled the signal that receives from one of minute outlet 48 and export any new signal through adding lambda line 49 along both direction on the wavelength channel of selecting.When showing fault (such as the branch outlet one side inefficacy that optical fiber cuts off or 2 * 2 switches are being selected) together; signal processing apparatus will switch to " protection " pattern according to failure mode, receive data and will add lambda line through one or two with the branch outlet through other and continue to send new signal.For the more detailed discussion of UPSR and other loop network, referring to people's such as above-mentioned Ramaswami book.
Figure 19 and 20 illustrates the embodiment of change, and it uses light shifter S i', this device comprises the switch (these switches are preferably insensitive to wavelength) of a plurality of interconnection, with adding that above-mentioned 2 * 2 switches jointly are provided/tell function.
Referring to Figure 19, each switching device shifter comprises 1 * 2 optical switch S1 of two interconnection i, S2 iPreferably these four 1 * 2 switches are independently-powered, thereby will any other switch do not worked for the power failure of a switch.
Each switch S 1 iHas the input (optical fiber 44 attracts from corresponding wavelength selectivity filter assembly) that is connected to optical fiber 44, to receive wavelength X iThe signal of selecting; Be connected to first output port of outlet 48 in corresponding minute; And be connected to corresponding switch S 2 iSecond output port of input port.Each switch S 1 iInput port can between two output port, switch, thereby the signal on output port can be transmitted to corresponding switch S 2 iOr signal processing apparatus SPD i
Each switch S 2 iHave and be connected to second input port that adds lambda line 49 accordingly and the output port that is connected to optical fiber 44 (optical fiber 44 draw be back to corresponding filter assembly).Each switch S 2 iOutput port can between two input ports, switch, thereby the signal on an input port can be transmitted to corresponding filter assembly, on corresponding output optical fibre, to transmit.
In Figure 19, each light shifter S i' adding/minute do well with relevant switch to S1 i, S2 iThe solid line state represent.Pass-through state with dashed lines state is represented.
Compare with the structure among Figure 18, the structure that is shown in Figure 19 has improved the ability that node bears second failure.For example, if eastbound 2 * 2 switch failures among Figure 18 (mechanically or because the power of switch is supplied with in forfeiture) then add/tell device AD iStill can send and receive by means of 2 * 2 switches that head west.But, if at the side generation second failure that heads west, cut off or 2 * 2 switches that head west are out of order such as the optical fiber that heads west, then add/tell device AD iWith Network Isolation (can not send and/or receive).
At the adding of Figure 19/tell device AD i' in, will only stop eastbound (or heading west) to receive or send in the single switch fault of eastbound (or heading west) side, rather than both.Remaining switch in this side still can use.For example, if two told switch failure, then east adds switch and still can be used for eastbound transmission.So, can be to stop the fault that heads west and receive with the unique additional faults that adds/tell device and Network Isolation, such as cutting off or the eastern inefficacy of telling switch on input optical fibre 14 ' in the side that heads west.Destruction head west transmission extra fault (such as on output optical fibre 20 ' cut off or the west adds the fault of switch) will not isolate and add/tell device, this is still can do eastbound transmission on output optical fibre 20 because device adds switch by means of east.
Figure 20 illustrates adding with switching construction identical with Figure 19/tell device AD i".This device is with the difference of the device of Figure 19, and the west adds and tells switch and share that power supply is supplied with and east adds and tell switch and share another power supply and supply with.Figure 20 device is similar to the ability to bear of Figure 19 device for the fault ability to bear of mechanical switch fault.Yet, decrease for the device of Figure 19 for the ability to bear of the power failure of switch, this be since share power supply supply with so.The total reliability still reliability than the device of Figure 18 is high.
The people of skilled will understand, and the embodiment that illustrates here and describe only is illustrative, and can do various changes and change under the situation that keeps basic principle of the present invention and scope.

Claims (66)

1. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module comprises that structure receives input port, output port, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Configured and disposed described wavelength selectivity filter is transmitted to described output port with the signal of guiding on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is set and makes it operation, with in pass-through state with tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described light shifter comprises that 4 ports do not have optionally optical switch of wavelength.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described wavelength selectivity filter comprises at least one wavelength selectivity grating.
4. equipment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, all optical elements of described wavelength selectivity filter and described light shifter all are movable optical elements.
5. equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wavelength selectivity filter comprises described another wavelength channel transmission and to the thin film filter of described a plurality of wavelength channels reflections, this thin film filter is arranged on from the path of the signal of described input port propagation, described switching part has changeable between the primary importance and the second place, described changeable the described signal on described one other channel that stops at described primary importance place by described thin film filter transmission, propagate by described thin film filter described output port extremely so that this signal returns, described changeable allows to tell this signal at described second place place.
6. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module comprises that structure receives input port, output port, first optical circulator, second optical circulator, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Each described first and second circulator has first, second and the 3rd port, and first port of described first circulator is formed described input port, and the 3rd port of described second circulator is formed described output port;
Described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between second port that is connected described first and second circulators, this grating is constructed the signal that guides on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive and is transmitted to described output port through described second circulator, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is connected between first port of the 3rd port of described first circulator and described second circulator, and in pass-through state with tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described light shifter comprises that 4 ports do not have optionally optical switch of wavelength.
8. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module comprises that structure receives input port, output port, first optical coupler, second optical coupler, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Each described first and second coupler has first, second and the 3rd port, and first port of described first coupler is formed described input port, and second port of described second coupler is formed described output port;
Described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between first port of second port that is connected described first coupler and described second coupler, this grating is constructed the signal that guides on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive and is transmitted to described output port through described second coupler, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is connected between the 3rd port of described first and second couplers, and in pass-through state with tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
9. equipment as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described first and second couplers are fiber couplers.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described light shifter comprises that 4 ports do not have optionally optical switch of wavelength.
11. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module comprises that structure receives input port, output port, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the notch filter device of 4 ports, it has the film notch filter that is coupled to first port, second port, the 3rd port and the 4th port, and described first port and the 4th port are formed described input port and described output port respectively;
Described notch filter is constructed the signal that is reflected on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, in order to be transmitted to described the 4th output port, and be sent in the signal on another wavelength channel that receives, in order to be transmitted to described light shifter through described second port;
Described light shifter is connected between described second port and described the 3rd port, and in pass-through state with tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
12. equipment as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described light shifter comprises that 4 ports do not have optionally optical switch of wavelength.
13. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module comprises that structure receives input port, output port, wavelength selectivity Mach-Zehnder filter device and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Configured and disposed described Mach-Zehnder filter device is transmitted to described output port with the signal of guiding on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is set, and in pass-through state with tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
14. equipment as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described light shifter comprises that 4 ports do not have optionally optical switch of wavelength.
15. equipment as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, described Mach-Zehnder filter device comprises first and second 2 * 2 optical couplers, each described optical coupler has first port, second port, the 3rd port and the 4th port, first port of described first coupler is formed described input port, third and fourth port of described first coupler is connected to the port of described second coupler respectively by the first and second phase shift light paths, in the described first and second phase shift light paths, the reflecting grating part is set, and described light shifter is connected between the 3rd port of second port of described first coupler and described second coupler, and the 4th port of described second coupler is formed described output port.
16. equipment as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, described reflecting grating partly comprises first and second reflecting gratings that are separately positioned in the described first and second phase shift light paths, and described first and second reflecting gratings are tuned to described one other channel.
17. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
Structure receives the input port of a plurality of multiplexed light signals, and each described light signal is on different wavelength channels;
Output port;
First light path from described input port to described output port; And
Second light path from described input port to described output port;
Described second light path comprises light shifter and described first light path comprises the wavelength selectivity filter, so construct described wavelength selectivity filter, thereby make at least one signal of selecting of described signal be transmitted to described switching device shifter by the path that comprises described first light path, and make remaining described signal be transmitted to described output port;
Described switching device shifter has first state and second state, in described first state, described switching device shifter makes described at least one signal of selecting of propagating from described wavelength selectivity filter be transmitted to described output port by described second light path, and in described second state, tell described at least one signal of selecting of propagating from described wavelength selectivity filter, thereby be not transmitted to described output port.
18. equipment as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, described switching device shifter comprises that 4 ports do not have optionally optical switch of wavelength.
19. equipment as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, described 4 port switch have the first and the 4th port that is coupled respectively to described input port and described output port under described first state, and under described second state, be coupled to second port of described output port and be coupled to the 3rd port of described input port through described first port through described the 4th port, the described second and the 4th port is formed respectively and is added and divide outbound port.
20. equipment as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises first optical circulator and second optical circulator, each described optical circulator has first, the second and the 3rd port, first port of described first circulator is formed described input port, the 3rd port of described second circulator is formed described output port, described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between second port that is connected described first and second circulators, and described switching device shifter is connected between first port of the 3rd port of described first circulator and described second circulator.
21. equipment as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises first optical coupler and second optical coupler, each described optical coupler has first, the second and the 3rd port, first port of described first coupler is formed described input port, second port of described second coupler is formed described output port, described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between first port of second port that is connected described first coupler and second coupler, and described switching device shifter is connected between the 3rd port of described first and second couplers.
22. equipment as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises four port filter devices with the film notch filter that constitutes described wavelength selectivity filter, described film notch filter is coupled to first port, second port, the 3rd port and the 4th port, described first port and the 4th port are formed described input port and described output port respectively, described switching device shifter is connected between described second port and described the 3rd port, and construct described film notch filter, be used to reflect the described remaining part of described signal, to be transmitted to described at least one signal selected of described the 4th port and transmission, to be transmitted to described light shifter through described second port.
23. equipment as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, described equipment comprises the Mach-Zehnder filter assembly that is associated with described wavelength selectivity filter, and described Mach-Zehnder filter assembly comprises:
First and second 2 * 2 optical couplers, each described optical coupler has the first, second, third and the 4th port;
First port of described first coupler is formed described input port, third and fourth port of described first coupler is connected to first and second ports of described second coupler respectively by the first and second phase shift light paths, and the 4th port of described second coupler is formed described output port; And
Be arranged on the reflecting grating part in the described first and second phase shift light paths;
Described switching device shifter is connected between the 3rd port of second port of described first coupler and described second coupler.
24. equipment as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, described reflecting grating partly comprises first and second reflecting gratings in the described first and second phase shift light paths respectively, and described first and second reflecting gratings are tuned to the channel of described select-out signal.
25. equipment as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described wavelength selectivity filter is a thin film filter, the described signal of its transmission and reflect described remaining signal, and described switching device shifter is included between the primary importance and the second place changeable, described changeable stops a described signal at described primary importance place, propagate by described thin film filter described output port extremely so that this signal returns, described changeable allows to tell this signal at described second place place.
26. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
Input port;
The first Wavelength-selective optial changeover module; And
Output port and branch outbound port, they optically are coupled to described input port through described smooth changeover module;
Described smooth changeover module comprises thin film filter and switching device shifter;
The light of described thin film filter transmission first communication wavelengths and reflect the light of second communication wavelength, this thin film filter is arranged on from the light path that described input port is propagated, be used to reflect the light of described second wavelength, being transmitted to described output port, and the light of described first wavelength of transmission;
Described switching device shifter has between the primary importance and the second place changeable, described changeable light that stops at described primary importance place by described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission, so that this light is transmitted to described output port, described changeable allows at described second place place to be transmitted to described minute outbound port by the light of described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission.
27. equipment as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described changeable has first reflecting surface, and it stops light by described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission in described primary importance.
28. equipment as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, described switching device shifter has second reflecting surface, and the light that the reflection of described first reflecting surface is blocked is to described second reflecting surface, to be transmitted to described output port.
29. equipment as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, the light that described second reflecting surface reflection is blocked returns by described thin film filter.
30. equipment as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, described first and second reflectings surface are fixedly installed on the shared movable support element.
31. equipment as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, described supporting member is a prism.
32. equipment as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described equipment also comprises driving mechanism, is used for moving described changeable between described first and second positions.
33. equipment as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described equipment also comprises:
Second fen outbound port;
The second Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, it comprises second thin film filter and second switching device shifter;
The light of described second wavelength of the described second thin film filter transmission and reflect the light of described first wavelength, this thin film filter is arranged on from the light path that the described thin film filter of the described first smooth changeover module is propagated, be used to reflect the light of described first wavelength, being transmitted to described output port, and the light of described second wavelength of transmission;
Described second switching device shifter is included in changeable between the primary importance and the second place, described changeable light that stops at described primary importance place by described second wavelength of the described second thin film filter transmission, so that this light is transmitted to described output port, described changeable allows at described second place place to be transmitted to described second minute outbound port by the light of described second wavelength of the described second thin film filter transmission.
34. equipment as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described equipment also comprises:
Be coupled to the inbound port that adds of described output port through the described first smooth changeover module;
Wherein, described thin film filter is arranged on from described and adds the light path that inbound port propagates, and when described changeable during in described primary importance, described thin film filter stops described light path, and when described changeable during in the described second place, described thin film filter does not stop described light path.
35. equipment as claimed in claim 26, it is characterized in that, described input port through first Lens Coupling to the described first smooth changeover module, and described minute outbound port through second Lens Coupling to the described first smooth changeover module, described second lens stride across described thin film filter and optically aim at described first lens substantially.
36. equipment as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described equipment also comprises:
Be coupled to the inbound port that adds of described output port through the described first smooth changeover module, described add inbound port through first Lens Coupling to the described first smooth changeover module, and described output port through second Lens Coupling to the described first smooth changeover module, described second lens stride across described thin film filter and optically aim at described first lens substantially.
37. equipment as claimed in claim 26, it is characterized in that, the described first smooth changeover module also comprises a plurality of reflecting elements, determine the light path of the complications of a described input port of coupling and described output port by the described reflecting element that is provided with together with described thin film filter, described thin film filter is arranged on the place, summit of described tortuous light path.
38. equipment as claimed in claim 37, it is characterized in that, at least one reflecting element of described reflecting element is the thin film filter that adds, the light of described first wavelength of its transmission and reflect the light of described second wavelength, and be in described changeable of described primary importance and make the light of described first wavelength that is blocked propagate by the described thin film filter that adds to enter described tortuous light path.
39. equipment as claimed in claim 38 is characterized in that, described second thin film filter is coupled to and adds inbound port, is used for adding the signal that will transfer to described output port through the part of described tortuous light path.
40. the structure of the switching device that is connected in series as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, first wavelength that is associated with separately thin film filter is different.
41. a switching device that is used for optical WDM communication is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
Structure receives the input port of a plurality of wavelength channels;
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module; And
Be coupled to the output port of described input port through described changeover module;
Construct described changeover module, be used in pass-through state and tell or add/switch the wavelength channel of selecting between minute doing well, and do not switch in another wavelength channel that exists in the described changeover module, wherein, all optical elements of described changeover module are movable optical elements.
42. equipment as claimed in claim 41, it is characterized in that, the optical element of described activity comprises thin film filter and changeable, the light of described thin film filter transmission first communication wavelengths, and the light of reflection second communication wavelength, this thin film filter is arranged on from the light path that described input port is propagated, be used to reflect the light of described second wavelength, to propagate at described output port, and the light of described first wavelength of transmission, described changeable changeable between the primary importance and the second place, when described changeable during in described primary importance, described thin film filter stops the light by described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission, thereby make this light be transmitted to described output port, and when described changeable during in the described second place, allow to be transmitted to the branch outbound port by the light of described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission.
43. equipment as claimed in claim 42 is characterized in that, the optical element of described activity comprises lens separately, and they are coupled described input, output and branch outbound port and described thin film filter.
44. equipment as claimed in claim 43 is characterized in that, the lens that are used for described input port stride across described thin film filter and optically aim at substantially with the lens that are used for described minute outbound port.
45. equipment as claimed in claim 43 is characterized in that, described lens are grin lenses.
Add/tell equipment 46. be used for the signal of optical WDM communication system, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises:
The wavelength selectivity of a plurality of series coupled adds/tells switch, constructs each described switch, with in pass-through state and adding/switch corresponding wavelength channel between minute doing well, and does not switch in another wavelength channel that exists in this switch.
47. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, constructs each described switch, only to switch corresponding wavelength channel.
48. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, it comprises that structure receives input port, output port, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Described wavelength selectivity filter is set, the signal of its guiding on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, being transmitted to described output port, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is set, it is in pass-through state and tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
49. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
Structure receives the input port of a plurality of multiplexed light signals, and each described signal is on different wavelength channels;
Output port;
First light path from described input port to described output port;
Second light path from described input port to described output port;
Described second light path comprises light shifter, and described first light path comprises the wavelength selectivity filter, construct this filter, make at least one signal of selecting of described signal be transmitted to described switching device shifter by the path that comprises described first light path, and make remaining described signal be transmitted to described output port;
Described switching device shifter has first state and second state, under described first state, make described at least one signal of selecting of propagating from described wavelength selectivity filter be transmitted to described output port by described second light path, and under described second state, tell described at least one signal of selecting of propagating from described wavelength selectivity filter, thereby make it not to be transmitted to described output port.
50. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
Input port;
The first Wavelength-selective optial changeover module; And
Output port and be coupled to the branch outbound port of described input port through described smooth changeover module;
Described smooth changeover module comprises thin film filter and switching device shifter; The light of described thin film filter transmission first communication wavelengths and reflect the light of second communication wavelength, this filter is arranged on from the light path that described input port is propagated, be used to reflect the light of described second wavelength, being transmitted to described output port, and the light of described first wavelength of transmission;
Described switching device shifter has changeable between the primary importance and the second place, described changeable stops light by described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission in described primary importance, and make this light be transmitted to described output port, and allow to be transmitted to described minute outbound port by the light of described first wavelength of described thin film filter transmission in the described second place.
51. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
Structure receives the input port of a plurality of wavelength channels;
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module; And
Be coupled to the output port of described input port through described changeover module;
Construct described changeover module, be used in pass-through state and tell or add/switch the wavelength channel of selecting between minute doing well, and do not switch in another wavelength channel that exists in the described changeover module, wherein, all optical elements of described changeover module are movable optical elements.
52. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, each switch is the assembly that has input port, output port, branch outbound port and add inbound port, and so connects the input and output port of each switch, thus these assemblies of series coupled.
53. the equipment as claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, it comprises that structure receives input port, output port, first optical circulator, second optical circulator, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Each described first and second optical circulator has first, second and the 3rd port, and first port of described first circulator is formed described input port, and the 3rd port of described second circulator is formed described output port;
Described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between second port that is connected described first and second circulators, it constructs the signal that guides on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, being transmitted to described output port through described second circulator, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is connected between first port of the 3rd port of described first circulator and described second circulator, it is in pass-through state and tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
54. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, it comprises that structure receives input port, output port, first optical coupler, second optical coupler, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Each described first and second coupler has first, second and the 3rd port, and first port of described first coupler is formed described input port, and second port of described second coupler is formed described output port;
Described wavelength selectivity filter comprises the reflecting grating between first port of second port that is connected described first coupler and second coupler, it constructs the signal that guides on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, being transmitted to described output port through described second coupler, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is connected between the 3rd port of described first and second couplers, and it is in pass-through state and tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
55. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, it comprises that structure receives input port, output port, wavelength selectivity filter and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Described wavelength selectivity filter comprises 4 port notch filter devices with film notch filter, described film notch filter is coupled to first port, second port, the 3rd port and the 4th port, and described first port and the 4th port are formed described input port and described output port respectively;
Construct described notch filter, be used to reflect the signal of a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, being transmitted to described the 4th output port, and the signal of transmission on another wavelength channel that receives, to be transmitted to described light shifter through described second port;
Described light shifter is connected between described second port and described the 3rd port, and it is in pass-through state and tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and do not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
56. equipment as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
The Wavelength-selective optial changeover module, it comprises that structure receives input port, output port, wavelength selectivity Mach-Zehnder filter device and the light shifter of a plurality of light wavelength channel;
Configured and disposed described Mach-Zehnder filter device is transmitted to described output port with the signal of guiding on a plurality of wavelength channels that receive, and the signal of guiding on another wavelength channel that receives is to described light shifter;
Described light shifter is set, is used in pass-through state and tell or add/switch described another wavelength channel between minute doing well, and does not switch described a plurality of wavelength channel.
57. equipment as claimed in claim 56 is characterized in that, at least one switch of described switch comprises:
Described Mach-Zehnder filter device, it comprises first and second 2 * 2 optical couplers, each described optical coupler has first port, second port, the 3rd port and the 4th port, first port of described first coupler is formed described input port, third and fourth port of described first coupler is connected to the port of described second coupler respectively by the first and second phase shift light paths, in the described first and second phase shift light paths, the reflecting grating part is set, and described light shifter is connected between the 3rd port of second port of described first coupler and described second coupler, and the 4th port of described second coupler is formed described output port.
58. as claim 1,6,8,11,13 and 17 each described equipment, it is characterized in that described light shifter comprises the optical switch of a plurality of interconnection, their collaborative works are with in pass-through state and adding/switch between minute doing well.
59. equipment as claimed in claim 58 is characterized in that, described a plurality of optical switches comprise two 1 * 2 optical switches.
60. a wavelength selectivity that has redundancy and add/tell switching capability adds/tells switching device shifter, it is characterized in that described device comprises:
Signal processing apparatus, it is constructed and receives and send light signal; And
A pair of wavelength selectivity adds/tells switch, arrange each described switch, with input and output signal on a plurality of light wavelength channel on the different optical transmission lines, and has the continuous inbound port that adds, be used for being received in light signal on the channel of selecting of described wavelength channel from described signal processing apparatus, and the branch outbound port that links to each other, be used for the light signal on the wavelength channel of selecting is told to described signal processing apparatus, also construct each adding/tell switch, with in pass-through state and adding/switch the wavelength channel of selecting between minute doing well, and do not switch exist with this switch in another wavelength channel.
61. device as claimed in claim 60 is characterized in that, at least one switch that described wavelength selectivity adds/tell switch constitutes according to claim 1,6,8,11,13,17,26 and 41 any one equipment.
62. optical communication equipment, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises that a plurality of wavelength selectivities according to claim 60 insert/tell switching device, wherein, add/tell switch relevant right first and in first series, be connected to each other, and relevant right second adds/tell switch and be connected to each other in second series.
63. the method that at least one new wavelength channel and/or new wave length scheme are provided in wavelength division multiplex optical communications network is characterized in that described method comprises:
Network node is provided, and it comprises optical communication equipment as claimed in claim 62; And
Change described optical communication equipment by the one or more ways in the following way:
A) replace at least one access/tell switching device shifter with being operated in each identical device on the relevant new wavelength channel;
B) rearrange the sequence order that adds/tell switching device shifter;
C) right with the switch that is tuned to different wavelength channels to the switch of replacing at least one and add/tell switching device shifter, on different wavelength channels, to make this adding/tell switching device shifter work;
D) provide another described adding that is operated in new wavelength channel/tell switching device shifter, and first of described another switching device shifter is added/tell switch and second/tell switch to be connected to described first sequence and described second sequence respectively.
64. a signal that is used for optical WDM communication system adds/tells equipment, it is characterized in that described equipment comprises:
The wavelength selectivity of a plurality of series coupled adds/tells changeover module, constructs each described assembly, with in pass-through state and adding/switch corresponding wavelength channel between minute doing well, and does not switch another wavelength channel that is present in this assembly.
65., it is characterized in that described changeover module has been determined a light path by the complications of described sequence as the described equipment of claim 64.
66. equipment as claimed in claim 42 is characterized in that, described changeable that is in described primary importance returns by described thin film filter the light propagation that is blocked.
CN98809283A 1997-09-18 1998-09-18 Wavelength-selective optial switching apparatus optical communication apparatus using it and using method in optical communication apparatus Pending CN1273755A (en)

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CN104272618A (en) * 2012-06-28 2015-01-07 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 Optical shuffling
CN104272618B (en) * 2012-06-28 2017-08-25 慧与发展有限责任合伙企业 Optics is shuffled
WO2017005033A1 (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-01-12 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for tuning and switching between optical components
US9703048B2 (en) 2015-07-07 2017-07-11 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for tuning optical components
US9766403B2 (en) 2015-07-07 2017-09-19 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for tuning and switching between optical components
CN107508696A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-12-22 中国南方电网有限责任公司 A kind of device and method of raising HSR looped network O＆M reliabilities

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CA2300886A1 (en) 1999-03-25

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