CN1273200C - 具有一个或多个基体的替代身体关节的钛植入物 - Google Patents

具有一个或多个基体的替代身体关节的钛植入物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1273200C
CN1273200C CNB038040026A CN03804002A CN1273200C CN 1273200 C CN1273200 C CN 1273200C CN B038040026 A CNB038040026 A CN B038040026A CN 03804002 A CN03804002 A CN 03804002A CN 1273200 C CN1273200 C CN 1273200C
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China
Prior art keywords
implant
titanium
titanium implant
bone
type
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB038040026A
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CN1633312A (zh
Inventor
H-G·诺伊曼
P·泽格尔
G·梅尔索姆
E·赫尔姆森
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DOT GmbH
Diocom BV
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DOT GmbH
Diocom BV
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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Abstract

一种替代身体关节的具有一个或多个基体的钛植入物。在已知的钛植入物中存在这样的危险，即由于植入物固定在骨中不希望具有最佳的骨再生的位置，会导致植入物的松动。此外由于与结缔组织的合并会影响植入物的铰链的功能。利用所述新的钛植入物可以避免这些缺点。这是这样来实现的，即植入物的部分(3、4、8、9)具有一个包含氧和硅的阳极(II型)氧化层。

Description

具有一个或多个基体的替代身体关节的钛植入物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有一个或多个固定在骨中的基体的钛植入物。
背景技术
在整形外科中使用钛或者钛合金作为用于制造植入物的材料，因为钛或者钛合金一方面比钢合金轻，另一方面是生物相容的。这允许植入物例如与骨细胞合并/聚结(verwachsen)。
但是对于一些植入物，只是部分地希望这种合并。例如为了固定不含接合剂的髋部植入物，要求在其近端的部分刺激骨细胞的生长，从而达到骨头和植入物之间良好的连接。因为如Wolff定律教导的那样，骨的再生在存在最佳生理载荷的位置最强，因此存在骨再生区域向植入物的远端的部分迁移的危险。在这个区域骨生长受到最强烈的刺激，且植入物在这里与骨最牢固地连接。因此存在这样的危险，即在近端的区域发生骨分解，而植入物在该区域内发生松动。在最不利的情况下，这会导致植入物的断裂。为了防止植入物的松动，髋部植入物在一些情况下具有专门设计的近端的区域，该区域设有一粗糙化的表面和/或磷酸钙层，在所述表面和/或层上骨生长得到促进，且会实现骨的良好固定。但是这种措施不能阻止远端区域的骨再生和由此植入物的固定。为了防止在近端的区域内植入物的松动，另外的植入物在远端的区域具有抛光面。尽管抛光的表面会延迟在金属表面上形成骨细胞，但它却不能阻止在骨中牢固的固定。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，这样设计一钛植入物的不希望与身体组织或骨细胞合并生长的区域的表面，以阻碍身体细胞在金属表面的再生。
根据本发明这样来实现所述目的，即所述钛植入物具有一个由阳极氧化-II型制成的包含氧和硅的覆层。
根据本发明的一个实施形式，所述层还包含碳和/或氮。
在SAE International，Warrendale，美国，1994年出版的AMS 2488中说明了II型阳极氧化的方法。在II型阳极氧化中，覆层不是由TiO2形成，而是将氧和硅引入靠近表面的被称为转化层的层，并形成材料整体必需的组成部分。该覆层一方面阻碍身体细胞的生长，另一方面通过该覆层实现钛材料耐久性的提高。对于髋部植入物这意味着，在阳极氧化-II型的区域不会形成植入物和骨的牢固固定。形成骨所要求的载荷区域因此保持被限制在植入物的近端区域。由此可以避免植入物松动。如果长期情况下仍会发生合并，由于提高的耐久性可以降低植入物断裂的危险。上述实施形式也适用于膝部植入物。
对于具有可移动插接连接的钛植入物，通过插接连接的涂层防止与结缔组织的合并。另一个优点在于，改善了插接连接的可滑动性，因为所述涂层可防止插接连接的两个部分之间的冷焊合。
附图说明
下面参考附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。
其中：
图1示出一个髋部植入物的示意图，和
图2示出一个手指植入物的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1的髋部植入物由一个在其近端的部分具有一个区域2的基体1组成，所述区域与骨牢固地固定。所述区域优选地具有粗糙的表面，所述表面通过利用粗粒的材料的喷砂处理或通过钛涂层形成。为了刺激骨生长，用一个或多个可吸收的磷酸钙层涂敷所述粗糙的表面是有利的。在植入物的远端的区域内，一不应该与骨合并且由此被阳极(II型)氧化的区域3与上述区域相连。在进行所述表面改性时，将氧和硅引入所述钛表面，并使其在这里形成转化层整体必需的组成成分。所述区域不具有TiO2层。如果需要，也可以向转化层引入碳和氮。
所述转化层一方面阻止骨细胞的生长。但转化层还会使该部分具有较大的硬度并由此使其具有较高的耐久性，并减小摩擦腐蚀。
髋部植入物还具有一用于插接头的锥体4。因为在修复手术中有时希望髋部植入物的基体保留在骨中，对锥体4也进行II型阳极氧化是有利的。从而从基体上拆除插接头较为简单。此外较大的硬度还保护锥体不受损坏。
图2中示出一个手指关节植入物，该植入物有应与相应的指骨合并的基体5和6。所述基体具有一粗糙的表面，并有利地设有一个或多个磷酸钙层。所述两个基体5和6通过一个铰接件7与锥体8和9相连接，所述锥体插接在位于基体5和6中的固定套管10、11中。为了使锥体8和9可以在套管10、11中运动，一种可运动的布置形式是有必要的。还必须在植入手指植入物之后保证这种可运动性，并不允许由于与结缔组织的合并而妨碍这种可运动性。因此锥体8和9以及固定套管10设有II型阳极氧化涂层。除了抑制结缔组织的生长以外，所述涂层还具有这样的优点，即可防止锥体与固定套管的冷焊合，并形成良好的滑动面。

Claims (10)

1.一种替代身体关节的钛植入物，具有一个或多个固定在骨中的基体(1、5、6)，其特征在于，所述植入物(3、8、9)的一部分具有一包含氧和硅的阳极-II型-氧化层。
2.根据权利要求1的钛植入物，其特征在于，所述层还包含碳和/或氮。
3.根据权利要求1或2的钛植入物，其特征在于，未进行涂层的与骨相连接的部分(2、5、6)具有一粗糙的表面。
4.根据权利要求3的钛植入物，其特征在于，所述粗糙的表面涂敷有可吸收的磷酸钙。
5.根据权利要求4的钛植入物，其特征在于，所述磷酸钙层由多个层组成。
6.根据权利要求1或2的钛植入物，其特征在于，它是一种髋部植入物。
7.根据权利要求6的钛植入物，其特征在于，用于一插接头的锥体(4)同样具有一阳极-II型-氧化层。
8.根据权利要求1或2的钛植入物，其特征在于，所述植入物为一膝部植入物。
9.根据权利要求1或2的钛植入物，其特征在于，所述植入物为一手指关节，该关节包括两个通过一铰接结构相互连接的基体，其中所述铰接结构具有一阳极-II型-氧化层。
10.根据权利要求9的钛植入物，其特征在于，所述手指植入物包括所述基体(5、6)和一个与所述基体相分离的铰接件(7)，该植入物的所述铰接件(7)的锥体(8、9)和基体(5、6)中的固定套管具有阳极-II型-氧化层。
CNB038040026A 2002-02-15 2003-02-10 具有一个或多个基体的替代身体关节的钛植入物 Expired - Fee Related CN1273200C (zh)

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DE10206627A1 (de) 2003-08-28
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EP1474185A1 (de) 2004-11-10
ATE324916T1 (de) 2006-06-15
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AU2003212236A1 (en) 2003-09-04
US20050119760A1 (en) 2005-06-02

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