CN1273058C - 烟丝膨胀剂 - Google Patents
烟丝膨胀剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1273058C CN1273058C CN 200410091542 CN200410091542A CN1273058C CN 1273058 C CN1273058 C CN 1273058C CN 200410091542 CN200410091542 CN 200410091542 CN 200410091542 A CN200410091542 A CN 200410091542A CN 1273058 C CN1273058 C CN 1273058C
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种烟丝膨胀剂，由五氟丙烷、五氟丁烷和十氟戊烷或全氟丁基甲醚按一定比例组成，其具有臭氧消耗潜能值为零或很低、沸点适中、安全、低毒、不可燃、易挥发等特点，可以替代CFC-11在烟草行业中作烟丝膨胀剂用。
Description
本发明是公开号CN1428108A的分案申请，其申请日为2001.12.27，申请号为01136999.X发明创造名称为“新型烟丝膨胀剂”。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种膨胀剂，更确切地说涉及一种烟草加工行业中使用的一种环保烟丝膨胀剂。
背景技术
目前烟草行业主要使用的烟丝膨胀剂为CFC-11，其膨胀工艺步骤是：将冷凝态挥发性物质CFC-11同烟丝充分浸泡，然后将被浸泡的烟丝加热，引发所述膨胀介质的快速挥发，从而通过其经烟丝的细胞壁向外推出，使烟草细胞恢复到原收割前所具有的体积和形状，再经回潮等工艺处理，将膨胀后的烟丝制成符合生产和可存放状态的产品。经过膨胀后的烟丝可以降低烟草中的焦油含量提高卷烟的品味，另外由于膨胀的烟丝体积变大，将其按比例添加到卷烟中可降低烟草的成本，所以还具有显著的经济效益。
然而所述膨胀剂CFC-11的臭氧消耗潜能值ODP指标为1.0，因而它对臭氧层的破坏作用很大，目前在国际上已被禁止使用，我国也逐年减少供应用量，到2006年全部淘汰。
目前国外广泛使用的膨胀剂为二氧化碳，但使用二氧化碳设备价格昂贵，每台设备达4-5千万人民币，我国烟草企业从制造成本考虑很难接受。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供了一种ODP指标为零或很低，各项技术数据均接近于CFC-11的环保型烟丝膨胀剂。
本发明是通过以下的组合物实现的，该组合物的质量百分比组成为：
二氯一氟乙烷 90-99％
全氟戊烷或全氟己烷 1-10％。
本发明也可以由下列组合物来实现，该组合物的质量百分比组成为：
五氟丙烷 70-98％，
五氟丁烷 1-28％，
十氟戊烷或全氟丁基甲醚 0.5-2％。
以上所述的原料均采用一级品，所述的组合物可通过上述比例均匀混合，称重后置于配制罐中搅拌，使之混合均匀，然后用600目的过滤器进行加压过滤，得到一种本发明的烟丝膨胀剂。
本发明经改性后的组合物技术数据如下：
| 测试项目 | 单位 | CFC-11 | 新膨胀剂 |
| 外观 | 无色透明液休 | 无色透明液体 | |
| 沸点 | ℃ | 24 | 20-40℃ |
| 冰点 | ℃ | -111 | -100-120 |
| 密度 | g/cm3(25℃) | 1.476 | 1.25-1.42 |
| 饱和蒸气压 | Mpa | 0.106 | 0.068-0.100 |
| ODP | 1.0 | 0.00-0.086 | |
| 汽化潜热 | KJ/Kg | 180.3 | 200-221 |
| 粘度 | mpas(20℃) | 0.43 | 0.40-0.45 |
| 残留量 | PPm | 7天后，5-7 | 送风12小时，4.5-6.0 |
| 毒性/LD50 | mg/kg | 1436.4 | 1436-1654 |
通过上表，可以看出：本发明的经改性后的膨胀剂其臭氧消耗潜能值ODP指标则大大低于CFC-11。该膨胀剂的沸点适中，若沸点太低，则不易回收、运输及储存：若沸点太高则需增加设备的容量，能量消耗变大，运行成本增加。所以其沸点为20-40℃是适宜的。所述的膨胀剂与CFC-11相比，当用小鼠灌胃急性毒性实验时，该膨胀剂对小鼠的急性毒性略小于CFC-11。所述的膨胀剂的残留量也低于CFC11。
所述烟丝膨胀剂所用的膨胀设备与用于CFC-11膨胀设备相同，工艺流程也基本相同，只须更换加工罐和提高冷冻机功率，提高蒸发器温度至90-100℃，通介质时工作罐的压力达到0.6-0.7Mpa，通蒸气时使工作罐温度达到100-110℃即可。
所述的膨胀剂在其膨胀工艺过程中被加热时，其化学组成未改变，可看出其具有很高的分解温度和良好的化学稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
按二氯一氟乙烷 95.5％
全氟戊烷或全氟己烷4.5％的质量比例称取原料，然后置于配制罐中，搅拌均匀，然后用600目的过滤器加压过滤，即得所述烟丝膨胀剂，其指标如下：
| 测试项目 | 单位 | CFC-11 | 新膨胀剂 |
| 外观 | 无色透明液休 | 无色透明液体 | |
| 沸点 | ℃ | 24 | 31 |
| 冰点 | ℃ | -111 | -100 |
| 密度 | g/cm3(25℃) | 1.476 | 1.25 |
| 饱和蒸气压 | Mpa | 0.106 | 0.068 |
| ODP | 1.0 | 0.086 | |
| 汽化潜热 | KJ/Kg | 180.3 | 200.3 |
| 粘度 | mpas(20℃) | 0.43 | 0.4 |
| 残留量 | PPm | 7天后5-7 | 送风12小时，5 |
| 毒性/LD50 | mg/kg | 1436.4 | 1651 |
实施例2
按五氟丙烷 71.5％
五氟丁烷 28％
全氟丁基甲醚或十氟戊烷0.5％的质量比例称取原料，然后置于配制罐中，搅拌均匀，然后用600目的过滤器加压过滤，即得所述烟丝膨胀剂，其指标如下：
| 测试项目 | 单位 | CFC-11 | 新膨胀剂 |
| 外观 | 无色透明液体 | 无色透明液体 |
| 沸点 | ℃ | 24 | 21 |
| 冰点 | ℃ | -111 | -100 |
| 密度 | g/cm3(25℃) | 1.476 | 1.41 |
| 饱和蒸气压 | Mpa | 0.106 | 0.098 |
| ODP | 1.0 | 0 | |
| 汽化潜热 | KJ/Kg | 180.3 | 201.5 |
| 粘度 | mpas(20℃) | 0.43 | 0.45 |
| 残留量 | PPm | 7天后5-7 | 送风后12小时，5.6 |
| 毒性/LD50 | mg/kg | 1436.4 | 1653 |
本发明的烟丝膨胀剂具有臭氧消耗潜能值为零或很低、沸点适中、毒性小、安全及化学稳定性好等特点，完全可以替代CFC-11在烟草制造行业中的作烟丝膨胀剂用。
Claims (1)
1、一种烟丝膨胀剂，其质量百分比组成为：
五氟丙烷 70-98％
五氟丁烷 1-28％
十氟戊烷或全氟丁基甲醚 0.5-2％。
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| CN 200410091542 CN1273058C (zh) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | 烟丝膨胀剂 |
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| CN 01136999 Division CN1199592C (zh) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | 烟丝膨胀剂 |
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| CN1656948A CN1656948A (zh) | 2005-08-24 |
| CN1273058C true CN1273058C (zh) | 2006-09-06 |
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| CN 200410091542 Expired - Fee Related CN1273058C (zh) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | 烟丝膨胀剂 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105639719A (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-08 | 王金明 | 一种1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷组合物及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010063238A1 (zh) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-10 | 贵州中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种连续微波膨胀烟丝的方法 |
| CN101766328B (zh) * | 2009-10-23 | 2012-11-21 | 北京航天科创技术开发有限公司 | 环保烟丝膨胀剂组合物 |
| CN106942784A (zh) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-14 | 张玲 | 一种七氟代‑3‑甲氧基丙烷组合物 |
| CN110973684A (zh) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-10 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | 一种烟丝膨胀剂和烟丝膨胀方法 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105639719A (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-08 | 王金明 | 一种1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN105639719B (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-03-29 | 赵小杰 | 一种1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5‑十氟戊烷组合物及其制备方法 |
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| CN1656948A (zh) | 2005-08-24 |
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