Wire and bar mill and tandem rolling unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Y type three roller metal wire rod hot rolling milling trains, relating to three rollers of milling train working stand is drive, independent radial and axial adjustment, relate to milling train C type transmission case, relate to the same specification of this milling train and have interchangeability, the scalable profile of tooth system of connections that relates to milling train C type transmission case and milling train working stand correspondence, relating to roller is roller sheet clamping system and roll bearing sealing means, relate to the frame system that all C type transmission cases and milling train working stand are joined together, relate to the various tandem rolling units combinations of this milling train.
Background technology
Y type three roller wire and bar mills claim the KOCKS milling train abroad, and German KOCKS company at first develops, and existing so far 60 years history is obtaining a lot of patents around this milling train the said firm aspect continuous this milling train of development, and the said firm has almost monopolized this field.Have only Japan to apply for patent in this respect.Italy has developed another kind of three-roller Y shaped milling train and mainly has been used in the cold rolling and non-ferrous metal hot rolling of steel wire.The KOCKS milling train reports that mainly publication is the U.S. " steelwork teacher " Germany " metallurgical equipment and technology ".
Once had as the hot continuous rolling KOCKS company of steel and to roll in tens or the finish rolling continuous rolling production line in various countries, seldom build such rolling line in recent years, the said firm develops into 3,4,5 sinking sizing mill groups (RSB) with the KOCKS milling train and promotes in various countries in recent years.
The KOCKS milling train has many advantages:
1, rolled piece is in compressive stress state in the operation of rolling, thereby helps the processing of this class inductile material of steel alloy, and obtains high lumber recovery;
2, deformable metal full section in pass flows, thereby makes stocking densification, carbide fragmentation evenly;
3, rolling middle not splitting of workpiece front end, thus accident is few in rolling;
4, deformable metal restricted spread in pass, thus energy-conservation and suitable many steel grades are rolling;
5, good temperature-controlled rolling condition, thus the strong mechanical performance product can be obtained;
6, can shut out precision, thereby pull out to roll generation can produce bright bar the time far above steel that duo mill shuts out;
7, can realize unordered rolling, thereby can produce the bar of any specification, thereby the KOCKS milling train is particularly suitable for the production of high-quality steel, less-deformable alloy, steel alloy.
Existing KOCKS wire and bar mill has two kinds of types, the KOCKS milling train of the outer separate transmission roll of the KOCKS milling train of promptly traditional machine inner conical gear drive roll and machine.
Traditional KOCKS milling train characteristics are compact, part a little rolling.Problem is:
1, generally radially, axially breaker roll is not established adjusting device;
2, the roller sheet can not load and unload easily, must process in rolling-mill housing with special purpose machine tool behind the roller pad wear;
3, machine inner conical gear will be used thin oil lubricant, complicated sealing problem is arranged, and limit this kind rolling mill line speed below 30 meter per seconds;
4, general many each frame speed of tandem rolling unit are all non-adjustable, and it is rolling in fact impossible that different steel grades are carried out a kind of power of parting a little, even restricted spread, it is still very big that different steel grades spread difference.
The KOCKS wire and bar mill of the outer transmission of support has two kinds of purposes, and a kind of is to make sinking sizing mill group usefulness after being placed on conventional two roller bar rolling milling trains (common 18), is called KOCKS RSB and combines by three, four, five.It is one group that another kind is 8~10, makes the line bar materials on continuous rolling mill and uses.
The KOCKS three roller wire and bar mills of the outer transmission of machine change traditional machine internal gear transmission into machine outer drive roll, and mill rolls sheet machine is processed outward, and the roller sheet is changed easily.This type effect is very big:
1, broken through the limited boundary of KOCKS milling train finish to gauge speed.Bring up to 80 meter per seconds by 30 meter per seconds, this can satisfy the high-alloy steel production requirement fully;
2, use new architecture to do the sinking sizing mill group time spent, existing line bar two roller tandem rolling unit production efficiencys are increased substantially, promptly increase output, reduce cost, improve line bar recovery rate;
3, realize temperature-controlled rolling effectively, improve the stocking mechanical property;
4, poker line bar size tolerance can be controlled in ± 0.1mm, thereby for creating conditions to roll for pulling out the production bohler;
5, bar any surface finish;
6, decarburized layer is thin;
7, " free rolling " that can realize line bar size specification is poker line bar size specification 1mm~2mm one at interval, brings up to 0.1~0.2mm and be specification at interval.
The KOCKS three roller wire and bar mills existing problems of the outer transmission of machine are:
1, price is too high, and the user is difficult to bear;
2, C type transmission case is vertical partly adopts the solid matter roller gear, causes that complex structure is huge, and difficulty of processing is big, and manufacturing procedure is many;
3, for being convenient for changing milling train, mechanisms such as the long stroke advance and retreat of complicated unidirectional swing type hydraulic pressure are adopted in the outer transmission clutch of machine;
4, still kept the concentrated adjustment of bevel gear collective between eccentric bushing, promptly flexibly roll drive separately and radially adjust still lack free, cause the phase mutual interference, and give and make, install, adjust and bring very big inconvenience, limited three roll pass and adjusted possibility significantly.
In addition, 92 years European patent publication the application of a y-type three-roll mill patent of Japan, publication No. is 047974A1, belongs to the sizing unit, volume has kept the transmission of roller mill internal bevel gear collective far below KOCKS RSB, adjusts and radially adjust to adopt separately.The type of carrying (Fig. 6,7,8 among the 047974A1) problem is:
1, working stand complex structure, it uses rolling bearing is 24 at least, is two times in traditional KOCKS milling train, the inner spline connections in addition of travelling gear etc. have weakened frame strength, increase the thin oil lubricant sealing difficulty;
2, roll method of clamping shown in Figure 8, either complexity but also wasted the roller sheet material, or incompatibility high abrasion fragility such as tungsten carbide class roller sheet, roll Φ 46~Φ 50 round steel 20% compression ratio, its roll torque is very high;
3, radially to adjust scheme very difficult in the use for roll shown in Figure 5, is difficult to realize, damages and the frame two halves must be taken apart as worm screw, hydraulic motor, encoder, gear, and when small-sized three-high mill such as roller diameter 210mm, these devices are can not load in the space in the support.For eliminating recoil, transfer the dress spur gear to be difficult to carry out in the machine.Radially adjust the function that does not design manual setting.
4, do not design the roll axial adjusting device.
The KOCKS milling train that so many advantage is arranged, particularly very help the KOCKS milling train that the cogging of cast alloy steel also can increase substantially lumber recovery, though through making great efforts for many years, all the time in steel rolling industry, play the part of the supporting role, some units are made accurate sizing unit on behind the two roller tandem rolling mills, can not promote Y type tandem mill from cogging to the wire rod whole process in steel alloy is produced, its reason is:
1, KOCKS milling train price is far above duo mill;
2, KOCKS mill parts amount is big;
3, KOCKS milling train processing accident is convenient not as duo mill;
4, radially, axially adjusting range is greater than the KOCKS milling train for duo mill unit transmission, roll;
5, the KOCKS milling train puts undue emphasis on collective's transmission, compactness, has limited the scope of application.
Also obtain many patents about transmission of line bar materials on continuous rolling mill and layout KOCKS company, on relevant publication, made many reports.10 tandem rolling units of general KOCKS are preceding 8 and are driven through a gear-box collective by a motor, and back two are driven separately by two direct current generators, have proposed new scheme in U.S. Patent number 5566564 (1996) 5758371 (1999) the said firms recently.The former proposes the 1st driving separately in the 10 stringing bar continuous rolling units, and middle seven collectives drive, and back two motors drive through governing system, and the latter proposes each rolling mill and drives separately through speed regulator.These patents all indicate and can be used for producing wire rod, and KOCKS rod-rolling mill linear velocity has developed into more than 80 meter per seconds, and obviously these two patents are suggested plans, and linear velocity can not surpass 30 meter per seconds when producing wire rod.Because industrial dc motor speed is below 1500 rev/mins.Motor suspension, variable-speed motor hang and only are applicable to the miniaturization milling train in 5857371 patents, only be applicable to non-ferrous metal, for the maximization rolling mill, this scheme obviously is not suitable for, and it is very big that heavy motor of several tons heavy even tens tons and gear shift device vibrate when running up.In addition, produce wide in variety, intensity is high, plasticity is low, when spreading the big high-alloy steel of difference, the transmission of KOCKS milling train collective is depended merely on and is parted a little rollingly, problem is many, each rolling mill can not speed governing only to be fit to more single steel grade rolling.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above several type existing problems, we propose a whole set of about y-type three-roll mill brand-new design scheme, are called novel y-type three-roll mill.Make this three roller technology equipment needed therebies be convenient to make, be convenient to Installation and Debugging, easy to use, can make huge C type transmission case at mini-plant, can this milling train be widely used, can from cogging, roughing, roll, the finish rolling whole process uses y-type rolling mill.
According to our design, designed a kind of C type transmission case, this case is seven and is combined into that interior three spindle noses of this case and three roll rollers of milling train are that the shaft spindle nose links by the third dental coupling.This profile of tooth shaft coupling system respectively from C type transmission case and milling train working stand both direction with the in opposite directions or oppositely engagement or separate of special hydraulic means.Total each has only a shaft C type transmission case, C type transmission case and contained milling train seat working stand design like this, same specification milling train, be exactly wherein any Rotate 180 degree another, promptly each frame can exchange.
The milling train working stand is made of frame and roller system, and frame is made up of two halves, separately loads onto roller system, gets up with bolt combination then.Frame is essentially hexahedron, and each face is parallel, in the suitable local perforate of frame so that outside frame, load and unload radially adjusting device.Planar dimension equates up and down from rolling center to frame, to guarantee frame interchangeability.
Three roller systems of frame use the fluid motor-driven worm and wormwheel to do radially to adjust respectively, axially adjust with the screw thread interplanting independently, unrelated, and can not take apart under the frame condition, the whole adjusting device of the outer loading and unloading of slave, wherein the hydraulic motor shaft end gear is combined by two halves, with super bolt therein half to second half stagger with eliminate the recoil back with pretightning force fastening it.In addition, the design gives and has stayed manual adjustment.
The rolling mill roll bearing adopts special sealing system, also adopts air seal the labyrinth type mechanical seal except that axially and radially adopting simultaneously.Designed relevant oil-feed gas handling system for this reason.When bearing adopted grease lubrication, fuel feed hole was regularly to compress into grease, and air admission hole provides compressed air, guaranteed that cooling water and oxide skin do not enter bearing when rolling.When with the oil-air lubrication bearing, by fuel feed hole supply oil gas.
The roller sheet clamp to produce frictional force by the two-semiaxle flange and overcomes roll torque, produces pretightning force tension two halves flange with super bolt, rather than with the hydraulic means of normally used hydraulic nut or complexity.
Because designed milling train has interchangeable, same specification milling train can be made up according to different purposes.For example 3,4,5 combinations can form sinking sizing mill group (RSB).6,8,10 combinations and each frame links to each other with motor with planet cage separately and can be used as cogging unit, roughing unit, middle milling train group and finishing wire, 10 stringing material units combinations drives with a main motor collective, remove one outer other nine and have differential speed regulation, promptly the interlock case of differential system all milling trains of contacting are arranged again, as high speed Y type three roller wire rod milling train with an existing speedup.Like this, at steel alloy a continuous rolling production line is proposed, roll in i.e. 6 coggings, 6 roughing, 10, follow with 4 RSB and produce bars, after RSB, depart from the rolling bar line, follow again with 10 stringing material tandem rolling units, continue to roll the RSB supplied materials producing wire rod, cogging, roughing, the middle mill stand spacing compactness that do not covet, suitably space out, motor, planet cage are all installed on the concrete foundation.Cogging, roughing, in roll and only play progradation, cancel the transmission dragging system of two complexity after every group, replace it with a RSB unit.
The C type transmission case of all combination back tandem rolling units and milling train working stand are linked to be a stable system by frame system is strong.Wherein working stand can be changed at any time as required.
By above narration, can see new design advantage:
1, guaranteeing that the design simplifies the structure under the y-type three-roll mill serviceability permanence condition, thereby be easy to make, be easy to install, be easy to debugging,, creating condition for adopting this equipment on a large scale owing to reduce cost significantly.
2, because design has versatility and interchangeability, can make up arbitrarily as required.This milling train both can be used for cogging, roughing, in roll, finish rolling, also can be specifically designed to the tube reducing sizing.
3, since the design adopted each rolling mill roll speed adjustable, the pass area is adjustable, thereby can extensively and efficiently be used for various steel alloy productions.
4, not only each roll of roll main transmission is independent, but and roll adjust radially, axially that also each body is independent, pass is accurate to be adjusted thereby simplified greatly.
5, the roll roller is that head adopts novel hydraulic to stretch with C type transmission case shaft and universal coupling combines, thereby guarantees that mill stand roller system radially adjusts significantly.
6, the radially adjustment scheme that is adopted, having guaranteed both can be manual, again can be electronic, important spare part can be changed at any time in all systems, and encoder can not damage.The all available this radially adjustment of the little milling train of big milling train (as 750 types) (as 210 types).
7, the design that is adopted has guaranteed that rolling-mill housing is the real parallel hexahedron of each face, thereby has been easy to processing.
8, collars lightness can be used high abrasion and the roller sheet of fragility is arranged.The rod head of pinch roll sheet adopts bolt to apply pretightning force, not only simply but also reliable, quick again.
After designing milling train and promote by the present invention, will be to the influence of China's steel and iron industry:
1, it is low fundamentally to change the product quality that China and world's high-alloy steel, alloy wire bar production old model showed, and lumber recovery is low, and the situation that cost is high will make China's high-alloy steel product might enter the international market in a large number.
2, the general steel wire bar of China, excellent steel wire bar production develops to tandem rolling.But poker steel dimensions tolerance variations is big, and the milling train utilization rate does not reach design level, and the milling train adjustment is frequent, and the lumber recovery fluctuation is big.Introduce the novel Y-RSB of production domesticization, will make China's line bar size tolerance, mechanical property increases substantially, and the milling train utilization rate improves, and lumber recovery improves, and product can outlet in a large number under the high quality and favourable price situation.
3, novel y-type three-roll mill production domesticization not only makes China catch up with German level at one stroke in Y type three roller technology.Because production domesticization, price are 1/6~1/7 of Germany, and domestic iron and steel enterprises can be accepted, and can extensively promote at home, also can make this equipment to state's outer vent.
4, many traditional pressure processing compression ratio theories both at home and abroad are to be based upon on conventional founding iron mold and the two rolling system bases, and electroslag die cast and the full tandem rolling of Y type combine and will fundamentally change original compression ratio theory.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: for novel y-type three-roll mill alleviates sizing unit machine row figure (showing wherein)
Fig. 2: be novel y-type three-roll mill C type transmission case structure chart
Fig. 3: be novel y-type three-roll mill working stand figure (contain roller system, radially adjusting device)
Fig. 4: be novel y-type three-roll mill adjusting device figure (comprising hydraulic motor, worm and wormwheel, encoder, built-up gear etc.) radially
Fig. 5: be the figure of novel y-type three-roll mill roll roller system (contain bearing seal, roller is a clamping system)
Fig. 6: be profile of tooth shaft coupling two-way clutch figure between novel y-type three-roll mill C type transmission case and milling train working stand.
Fig. 7: be novel y-type three-roll mill sinking sizing mill group floor plan
Fig. 8: for novel y-type three-roll mill cogging tandem rolling unit, roughing tandem rolling unit, in roll tandem rolling unit and the comprehensive floor plan of wire tandem rolling unit
Fig. 9: for novel y-type three-roll mill sinking sizing mill group C type transmission case, milling train working machine produce the fixed frame system diagram.
The specific embodiment (, do not relate to cogging, roughing and use the reversible Y type rolling) only with the tandem rolling form:
Fig. 1 is novel y-type three-roll mill sinking sizing mill unit (novel Y-RSB) machine row figure, 4 is C type transmission case, 5 is the milling train working stand, through 6,7,8 cog-wheel couplings C type transmission case 4 power are passed to milling train 5 respectively, C type transmission case is fixed on the base 70,3 are the interlock case, through cog-wheel coupling 10 power is passed to C type transmission case, 2 is planetary reducer, through yielding coupling 10 power is reached the interlock case, 1 is main motor, through shaft coupling 12 power is reached planetary reducer, and 9 are the fixing hydraulic system of milling train working stand.
Fig. 2 is novel y-type three-roll mill C type transmission case, its casing is by the horizontal box 13 that has installing hole, 17 and main box 14,15,16 and oblique casing 18, seven of 19 grades assemble with the bolt (not shown), 20,20b, on behalf of 8 pairs of gear trains, 28 main transmission one is divided into three, 22,23,24 represent three shaft spindle noses of the corresponding milling train working stand of C type transmission case, 25,26,27 is respectively that three rollers of milling train working stand are the shaft spindle nose, 21 is that C type transmission case is towards interlock case shaft spindle nose, bottom is 1/2L=1/2L with the rolling center of milling train working stand symmetry on the C type transmission case, and promptly the following centering heart is constant on the C type transmission case Rotate 180 degree.All transmission system bearings are the rolling bearing (not shown).
Fig. 3 is novel y-type three-roll mill working stand 5, and it is formed with bolt combination by 29,30 two halves frames, three cover roller systems is housed in the support is promptly illustrated by (26,44) (27,44) (25,44) on this figure, and wherein 44 are the roller sheet in the roller system.Also be equipped with three in the support and overlap radially adjusting device 31.Following and rolling center (i.e. the pass center of three roller sheets formation) symmetry on the support, i.e. L/2=L/2, i.e. support Rotate 180 degree, symmetry is constant.
Fig. 4 is an adjusting device radially in the novel y-type three-roll mill working stand 5, worm gear 32 is contained on the eccentric bushing (figure 5 41) and is driven by worm screw 33, worm screw 33 1 ends stretch out outside the support 28 except that manually also passing through gear 37 (33b) adjustment, built-up gear 38, flexible connection 39 and encoder 40 link, also by gear 37, built-up gear 35 links with hydraulic motor 34, to be hydraulic motor 34 drive worm screws 33 through built-up gear 35 driven wheels 37 drives worm gears and realizes radially adjusting, and radially adjust be by encoder 40 feed back signal to control centre and predetermined value relatively back control centre control hydraulic motor 34 revolutions (control system is not shown) by hydraulic control system.Super bolt 36 is housed on built-up gear, and half is transferred to and eliminates after the recoil promptly with super bolt 36 tight locks when built-up gear 35,38.Can know from Fig. 4 and to find out that parts such as 33,34,40 are easy to put into and draw off from frame 28.
Fig. 5 illustrates the novel y-type three-roll mill roller figure of system, roller sheet 44 is by 42,43 clampings of two-semiaxle flange, pull bar 45 applies by means of breakaway nut 47 and gives tight power two-semiaxle flange 42,43 is tightly pushed down roller sheet 44, the frictional force balance roll torque that is produced, and swivel nut 46 is used for axially adjusting roller sheet 44.When unclamping breakaway nut 47, use swivel nut 46 can make 43 to leave roller sheet 44, use screw rod 45 can make semiaxis 42 to moving to left, so roller sheet 44 can unload, worm gear 32 is used for radially adjusting eccentric bushing 41.The contract anti-sealing of air and oxide skin of passage 49 entrance pressures enters bearing and plays the air seal effect, and washer 50 is radial seal, and shelves ring 51,52 is axial seal, and 50,51,52 form mechanical labyrinth sealing, and the design adopts air seal and labyrinth seal to combine.Oil inlet passage 48 can oil-feed fat, but also oil-feed gas.
Fig. 6 illustrates tiltedly cog-wheel coupling bidirectional hydraulic clutch between casing 18, the 19 shaft spindle noses 23,24 in the roller frenulum external tooth spindle nose 26,27 of support 5 and the C type transmission case 4.Hydraulic cylinder 54 can promote tooth and overlap 53 forward-reverses (have between 54 and 53 breakaway plug not shown), and hydraulic cylinder 56 can promote major axis 55 forward-reverses with the external tooth head.Major axis 55 in cog-wheel coupling 57 by feather key and forward-reverse.(have between hydraulic cylinder 56 and the major axis 55 hydraulic pressure breakaway plug not shown), as can be seen from Figure 5, when cover 53 left, major axis 55 to the right, transmission promptly separates, otherwise promptly realizes driving coupling.
Fig. 7 illustrates novel Y-RSB combination floor plan figure
C type transmission case 4 (containing milling train working stand 5) four (also available 3,5) link through cog-wheel coupling and interlock case 3, and it is not shown that this connection transmission case is provided with freewheel clutch.Interlock case 3 through cog- wheel couplings 10,58 respectively with 2, the 2b reductor links, reductor 2,2b are through shaft coupling 12,12b and motor 1,1b link.
Fig. 8: for novel y-type three-roll mill cogging tandem rolling unit, roughing tandem rolling unit, in roll tandem rolling unit and the comprehensive floor plan of wire tandem rolling unit.
59 is novel y-type three-roll mill blooming mill tandem rolling unit, and six rolling mill 4A (containing milling train working stand 5A) are executed through shaft coupling 12A, 58A or 12A, 10A by motor 1A and planetary reducer 2A respectively, and spacing suitably widens between milling train.
60 is six roughing tandem rollings of novel y-type three-roll mill unit, milling train 4B (containing milling train working stand 5B), execute respectively through shaft coupling 12B, 58B or 12B, 10B by the same 1B of motor, planetary reducer 2B, the milling train spacing suitably widens, it is rolling that novel y-type three- roll mill unit 60 and 59 implementations are taken off, and its distance is according to novel y-type three-roll mill unit 60 last length of rolled piece settings.
61 is milling train group in 10 tandem rollings of novel y-type three-roll mill, milling train 4C (containing milling train working stand 5C) is driven respectively through shaft coupling 12C, 58C or 12C, 10C by motor 1C and planetary reduction gear or booster engine 2C, the milling train spacing is as far as possible little, and planet cage 2C is that speedup or deceleration are specifically determined according to technology.
62 is novel y-type three-roll mill sinking sizing mill group, in Fig. 7, illustrate, but planet cage is to slow down or speedup is to determine according to technology, rolled piece is gone on foot and is bar from novel Y-RSB 62 straight line that comes out, as (not shown through guiding device, 62,63 spacings are enough big) introduce novel y-type three-roll mill wire tandem rolling unit 63 for rod-rolling mill for base, for the controlled rolling of realization temperature control will be reserved water cooling plant position (not shown) at 61,62.
63 is novel y-type three-roll mill ten stringing material tandem rolling units, ten rolling mill 4D (containing milling train working stand 5D) are driven through shaft coupling 66,69 by main motor 65 and speedup, differential speed regulation interlock case 68 (concrete structure is not shown in the case), 9 small DC motors 64 link to each other with differential gear in the interlock case 68 through shaft coupling 67, finely tune each rolling mill linear velocity, necessity also will be adorned the planet booster engine between main motor 65 and interlock case.
Fig. 9 shows a frame system with novel y-type three-roll mill tube reducing unit as example, and this framework is done support 28 to C type transmission case 4 and milling train and unified securely.Base 70, crossbeam 71,72,72b, longeron 77, joist 79, hanging beam 78 is formed frame system, and they unify with the bolt (not shown).It is 13,19 or 17,18 that hanging beam 78 hangs C type transmission case 4 tops, presses beam 77 that hydraulic means is housed and from top and both sides milling train working stand 28 is fixed.Seat beam 74,80 is provided with slideway, and milling train working stand 5 can advance along seat beam 74,80 and pull out.Other tandem rolling unit all has similar structures.