CN1269993C - Multi-element alloy coat - Google Patents
Multi-element alloy coat Download PDFInfo
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- CN1269993C CN1269993C CNB021493235A CN02149323A CN1269993C CN 1269993 C CN1269993 C CN 1269993C CN B021493235 A CNB021493235 A CN B021493235A CN 02149323 A CN02149323 A CN 02149323A CN 1269993 C CN1269993 C CN 1269993C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multi-element alloy coat which is prepared from five or ten main elements arbitrarily selected from fourteen elements of iron, cobalt, nickel, chrome, silicon, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, copper, zirconium, molybdenum, manganese, boron, carbon, etc., wherein each main element accounts for 3% to 35% of atoms forming the multi-element alloy coat. The thickness of the coat is from 0.05mm to 0.5mm. the multi-element alloy coat can be sprayed on a plated object in the mode of hot spraying, spray fusing, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multicomponent alloy coating, particularly a kind of multicomponent alloy coating of being formed with at least five kinds of principal elements.
Background technology
So-called coating, normally utilize hot spray process (Thermal Spray) coated material to be pulverized last, this powder is injected the spray gun that drives with electric energy or heat energy, and in spray gun, feed suitable reactant gases, utilize above-mentioned electric energy or heat energy to make gas produce reaction or electricity slurry gas generation high-energy, coated material is heated and quicken, huge energy is with powder body melting or semi-melting, powder quickens via high-speed gas, penetrate by nozzle, on plated body, form coating with high-velocity spray or spray fusing, so as to strengthening plated body hardness, oxidation-resistance or temperature tolerance etc.
Hot spray process can be distinguished into the spraying of electricity slurry (Plasma Spray), flame plating (Flame Spray), electric arc spraying (Arc Spray), HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) (HighVelocity Oxygen Fuel), detonation flame spraying (Detonation Gun) etc. again because of its principle difference.
Traditional hot sprays employed coated material generally aluminium system, cobalt system, nickel system, copper system, iron system etc., choosing of its coated material all is to be main component with single-element, promptly this single main component accounts for the coated material atomic percent more than 40%, and all the other elements are minor element.
And traditional alloy coat with " single-element is main component ", its alloy designs theory has obviously limited the degree of freedom of alloying constituent, certainly will also can limit the development of special microstructure of alloy and performance thereof.
And traditional alloy coat with " single-element is main component " usually after thermal treatment, has the phenomenon of temper softening, causes and makes and the inconvenience of using.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned defective, avoid the existence of defective, multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, by being main component with five to ten kinds of elements, than traditional be that the alloy coat of main component has more excellent temperature tolerance and hardness with single-element.
Another object of the present invention is to, multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention 1100 ℃ of thermal treatments after 10 hours stove cold, the temper softening phenomenon takes place hardly.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, be from 14 kinds of elements such as iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, silicon, aluminium, titanium, vanadium, copper, zirconium, molybdenum, manganese, boron, carbon, appoint and to get five kinds to ten kinds principal elements and form, wherein, each principal element accounts for multicomponent alloy coating composed atom per-cent 3%～35%, and this coat-thickness is between between the 0.05mm to 0.5mm, can utilize modes such as thermospray or spray fusing, with the multicomponent alloy coating spraying on plated body.
Relevant detailed description of the present invention and technology contents, existing conjunction with figs. is described as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a making schema of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the embodiments of the invention experimental data figure.
Fig. 3 for the present invention through 1100 ℃ of thermal treatments cold hardness value experimental data figure of stove after 10 hours.
Embodiment
Multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, be from 14 kinds of elements such as iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, silicon, aluminium, titanium, vanadium, copper, zirconium, molybdenum, manganese, boron, carbon, appoint and to get five kinds to ten kinds principal elements and form, wherein, each principal element accounts for multicomponent alloy coating composed atom per-cent 3%～35%, and this coat-thickness is between between the 0.05mm to 0.5mm.
Above-mentioned multicomponent alloy coating, can utilize hot spray process (claim plasma spraying again or spray method) to be sprayed at plated body surface and formation coating, plated body is before spraying, need through cleaning (using pickling usually), alligatoring (using sandblasting usually), make plated body cleaning surfaces and coarse, be attached to sticking power on the plated body to increase the multicomponent alloy coating.
In addition, having the part hole with the coating of hot spray process manufacturing is entrained in therebetween, though make strength of coating reduce a little, but but obviously increase the toughness of coating, in high temperature application and high temperature process, these holes can reduce because the thermal stresses that causes of material heat expansion, make that coating is more difficult to peel off.
Referring to Fig. 1, be making schema of the present invention, as shown in the figure: multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, can directly use five kinds of selected powder body materials to ten kinds of principal elements, behind uniform mixing, this powder is injected the spray gun that drives with electric energy or heat energy, and in spray gun, feed suitable reactant gases, and utilize above-mentioned electric energy or heat energy to make gas produce reaction or electricity slurry gas produces high-energy, coated material is heated and quicken, huge energy is with powder body melting or semi-melting, and making coated material produce the phenomenon of alloying, powder quickens via high-speed gas, is penetrated by nozzle, on plated body, form the multicomponent alloy coating with high-velocity spray or spray fusing.
Multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, also can be with five kinds of selected materials to ten kinds of principal elements, be melt into ingot bar in advance in the melting mode, again this ingot bar is pulverized and ground to form the powder material, after the screen cloth screening, obtain the powder body material of diameter of particle between between 5 μ m to 200 μ m, this powder is injected the spray gun that drives with electric energy or heat energy, and in spray gun, feed suitable reactant gases, utilize above-mentioned electric energy or heat energy to make gas produce reaction or electricity slurry gas generation high-energy, coated material is heated and quicken, huge energy is with powder body melting or semi-melting, and powder quickens via high-speed gas, is penetrated by nozzle, on plated body, form the multicomponent alloy coating with high-velocity spray or spray fusing.
In addition, multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, can be with five kinds of selected materials to ten kinds of principal elements, directly be atomized into powder body material after fusing in the melting mode with spray method, after the screen cloth screening, obtain the powder body material of diameter of particle between between 5 μ m to 200 μ m, this powder is injected the spray gun that drives with electric energy or heat energy, and in spray gun, feed suitable reactant gases, utilize above-mentioned electric energy or heat energy to make gas produce reaction or electricity slurry gas generation high-energy, coated material is heated and quicken, huge energy is with powder body melting or semi-melting, and powder quickens via high-speed gas, is penetrated by nozzle, on plated body, form the multicomponent alloy coating with high-velocity spray or spray fusing.
In addition, multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, also five kinds of selected materials to ten kinds of principal elements with hot mist decomposition method (Spray Pyrosis), can be made into precursor (Precursor) via chemical treatment, sneak into suitable solution or solvent again, inject the thermospray cavity, contain the solution of multicomponent alloy composition element again by the high-speed gas ejection, again through high temperature burning-off useless solvent and other impurity, form alloying pellet and be attached on the plated body, thereby form the multicomponent alloy coating.
Referring to Fig. 2, be the embodiments of the invention experimental data figure, as shown in the figure: multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, from iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, silicon, aluminium, titanium, vanadium, copper, zirconium, molybdenum, manganese, boron, in 14 kinds of elements such as carbon, appoint and get six kinds to eight kinds principal elements, the shared per-cent of its each principal element, shown in coating numbering 1 to 40, about 3000 grams of this multicomponent alloy coating configuration gross weight are complied with each principal element fusing point height during making, from top to bottom place the water cooled copper mould of vacuum arc melting furnace, cover the loam cake of vacuum arc melting furnace, extracting vacuum to 0.01 normal atmosphere (atm) then charges into pure argon to 0.2 normal atmosphere (atm), for guaranteeing not oxidation in a large number of alloy, after repeating the above-mentioned gas replenishment process three times of bleeding again, melting is carried out in the deoxygenation of fusion titanium elements more earlier, after the melting evenly, treat that it is cooled to alloy block,, repeat above-mentioned melting action again more than five times this alloy block turn-over, all evenly mixed to guarantee each principal element, on water cooled copper mould, carry out cooling curing at last and become ingot bar.
Above-mentioned ingot bar is crushed to after the particle of particle diameter approximate number millimeter (mm), grind with machine again and make fine powder, after sieving the gained powder, screen cloth (as 325mesh) can obtain the powder body material of particle diameter less than 44 μ m, again powder body material is delivered to electricity slurry meltallizing machine by the powder feeding machine through powder conveying pipe, powder is melt into fusion or semi-melting state by high temperature, and borrow high-speed gas to quicken, penetrate via nozzle, with high-velocity spray on plated body, this plated body is through the intact stainless steel test piece of sandblasting, and be disposed on the test piece seat of high speed rotating, can borrow nozzle slowly to move up and down, and cooperate test piece seat high speed rotating to reach the uniform purpose of coating thickness, this coat-thickness is about 0.15mm, between between 0.05mm to 0.5mm, this test piece is finished after gas cools off fast in spraying, can take off the test piece seat.
At this moment, use Vickers' hardness machine (Vickers Hardness Tester) to finish coating through above-mentioned processing procedure and number the hardness value that all test pieces of 1 to No. 40 are coated with layer cross section with measurement, above-mentioned test piece through the cutting with edge bury after in regular turn with #180, #240, #400, #600, #800, after polishing, measures again the carborundum paper of #1200, applying loading is 100 grams, duration of load application is 15 seconds, the hardness of five different positionss is all measured in each test piece, with middle three mean values on average as the hardness of this test piece, can find multicomponent alloy coating hardness value variation range of the present invention by Hv600 to Hv1100, be the alloy coat hardness height of main component than what generally do not add pottery or carbide with single-element.In addition, multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention, its constituent has higher hardness usually if contain elements such as silicon, aluminium, boron or carbon.
Referring to Fig. 2,3, be the embodiments of the invention experimental data figure, the present invention is through 1100 ℃ of thermal treatments cold hardness value experimental data figure of stove after 10 hours, as shown in the figure: choose coating numbering 15,17,29 multicomponent alloy coating and the not stainless steel test piece of spraying, place 1100 ℃ of air furnace thermal treatments after 10 hours stove cold, find above-mentioned coating numbering 15,17,29 several shapes that are as good as in test piece surface, the expression coating has splendid resistance to high temperature oxidation characteristic, there do not have traditional stainless steel test piece to present surface oxidation fully to be serious, and the phenomenon that has oxide compound to peel off produces, and compare before multicomponent alloy coating hardness value and the thermal treatment, not only there is not the high tempering ruckbildung, the trend that has hardness to increase on the contrary, this is the unexistent phenomenon of conventional alloys coating, and demonstrating multicomponent alloy coating of the present invention has extremely excellent heatproof characteristic.
Claims (6)
1. multicomponent alloy coating, it is characterized in that, the Vickers' hardness of this multicomponent alloy coating is between between the HV600 to HV1100, it is by in iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, silicon, aluminium, titanium, vanadium, copper, zirconium, molybdenum, manganese, boron, 14 kinds of elements of carbon, appoint and to get five kinds to ten kinds principal elements and form, each principal element accounts for above-mentioned multicomponent alloy coating composed atom per-cent 3%～35%.
2. multicomponent alloy coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that this coat-thickness is between 0.05mm to 0.5mm.
3. multicomponent alloy coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this coating is to utilize above-mentioned five kinds of powder to ten kinds of principal elements behind uniform mixing, is made with thermospray or jet melting method.
4. multicomponent alloy coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this coating is to utilize above-mentioned five kinds to ten kinds principal elements after high melt becomes the alloy block, utilizes pulverizing, is filtered into powdered alloy, is made with thermospray or jet melting method again.
5. multicomponent alloy coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this coating is to utilize above-mentioned five kinds to ten kinds principal elements behind high-temperature digestion, directly utilizes the spray method atomizing, is filtered into powdered alloy, is made with thermospray or jet melting method again.
6. multicomponent alloy coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this coating is to utilize above-mentioned five kinds to ten kinds principal elements with hot mist decomposition method, is made into precursor via chemical treatment, through sneaking into solution or solvent, be made with thermospray or jet melting method again.
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| CNB021493235A CN1269993C (en) | 2002-11-07 | 2002-11-07 | Multi-element alloy coat |
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| CNB021493235A CN1269993C (en) | 2002-11-07 | 2002-11-07 | Multi-element alloy coat |
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| CN1269993C true CN1269993C (en) | 2006-08-16 |
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2002
- 2002-11-07 CN CNB021493235A patent/CN1269993C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101591482B (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2011-03-16 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Ni-based coating with abrasion-resistance corrosion-resistance nanometer structure and preparation method |
| CN101554685B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2011-07-06 | 西安理工大学 | High-entropy alloy solder used for welding copper and aluminum and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1498984A (en) | 2004-05-26 |
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