CN1268635C - Processing method and device for extracting saponin from peltate yam by directly separating method - Google Patents
Processing method and device for extracting saponin from peltate yam by directly separating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1268635C CN1268635C CN 200410060679 CN200410060679A CN1268635C CN 1268635 C CN1268635 C CN 1268635C CN 200410060679 CN200410060679 CN 200410060679 CN 200410060679 A CN200410060679 A CN 200410060679A CN 1268635 C CN1268635 C CN 1268635C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a processing method for extracting saponin from yellow ginger by using a direct separation method and a device thereof. The device comprises a pulverizer, a finish mill, a sizing device, a cyclone separation apparatus and a saponin extraction apparatus, wherein the outlet of the finish mill is communicated with the sizing device; the sizing device is provided with a fiber stuff outlet and a sizing slurry outlet; the sizing slurry outlet is connected with the cyclone separation apparatus; the cyclone separation apparatus comprises a starch outlet and an outlet with saponin mixed liquor, and the outlet with saponin mixed liquor is communicated with the saponin extraction apparatus. The processing method separates the fiber and the starch from the yellow ginger slurry by using a sizing method and a cyclone separation method through yellow ginger pulverizing and fine grinding, and then extracts the saponin. The device has the characteristics of higher automation degree, good using effect, continuous operation and high productive efficiency. The starch in the slurry is separated by using a physical method, which can further reduce the use of sulfuric acid and other chemicals. The quantity of wastewater effluent is further decreased, and waste and pollution are reduced. The processing method is favorable to environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly from yellow ginger, extract working method and the equipment of saponin, belong to the plant chemical field with direct method of isolation.
Background technology
Yellow ginger has another name called Rhizome of Peltate Yam, is the peculiar kind of China, is the wild herbaceous species plant of Wild yam (Dioscrea.L), contains a certain amount of dioscin (dioscin) and hydrolysate diosgenin (disogenin) thereof in its rhizome.Diosgenin is commonly called as diosgenin, is called for short saponin.This compound has multiple pharmacological effect such as haemolysis, reducing blood-fat, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, is the important medication chemistry of synthesizing steroid hormone medicine and contraceptive steroid.Therefore, from yellow ginger, extract diosgenin and have very big pharmacology value and market potential.
The existing method of extracting saponin from yellow ginger is that the yellow ginger that will pulverize carries out spontaneous fermentation, and acid hydrolysis then with the hydrolyzed product cleaning, drying, is used No. 120 gasoline extractings again.This production method has been prolonged with for many years, and the subject matter of its existence is: (1) production technique falls behind, and the saponin rate of recovery is low, generally below 85%; (2) the resource utilization degree is low, and 50% fiber in the yellow ginger (dry weight), 40% starch are not recycled; (3) seriously polluted, according to statistics, 1 ton of saponin of every production needs 130～180 tons of yellow gingers, (35%) 15～20 ton of technical hydrochloric acid, produce 400～500 tons of waste water, waste water COD is up to 30000mg/l (BOD8000mg/l), and wastewater pH 1.0～2.5 is because water consumption is big, major part saponin manufacturing enterprise build the place near the water source in, and efflux wastewater causes very big pollution to water body; (4) level of automation of Sheng Chaning is low, the labour intensity height.
Problem at above-mentioned existence, the technology that a kind of direct method of isolation yellow ginger extracts saponin is disclosed in Chinese patent application 03125387.3, the characteristics of this technology are to adopt physics mode as much as possible, in advance yellow ginger is pulverized levigate, then most of fiber is separated with the mode of sieving, added CaO again and precipitate, isolate most of starch, mixture to remainder ferments and acidolysis at last, extracts saponin.The characteristics of this technology are resource utilization degree height, and most of fiber and starch in the recyclable yellow ginger both can be used as industrial raw material, had significantly reduced pollution again; Simultaneously also improved the rate of recovery of saponin, reduced the loss of hydrochloric acid and No. 120 gasoline, particularly reduced pollution, the wastewater flow rate of discharging only is 1/10th of existing complete processing under the situation of identical output.Yet the deficiency of this processing method is that the separation circuit that is starch precipitates also ideal not to the utmost with CaO, remain in certain pollution, and the level of automation of whole operation is high not enough.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of working method and equipment that adopts direct method of isolation to extract saponin from yellow ginger at the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art existence, the present invention is resource utilization degree height not only, pollute little, and the more reasonable science of manufacturing procedure, the automatic routine height of whole operation.
The technical scheme of working method of the present invention is: pulverize the yellow ginger of cleaning and fine grinding (1), and yellow ginger slurry granularity reaches 80～120 order fineness after the fine grinding, and the concentration of yellow ginger slurry (solid content by weight) is 5～15%; (2) with method of sieving the fiber separation in the yellow ginger slurry is come out, the fineness of sieve aperture (net) is 80～120 orders; (3) adopt the cyclonic separation method that the starch in the yellow ginger slurry is separated, remaining for containing the saponin mixed solution; (4) saponin is extracted, and will contain the acid hydrolysis of saponin mixed solution, cleaning, oven dry, uses No. 120 gasoline or ethanol or acetone or supercritical CO again
2Extract, get saponin.
Press such scheme, before saponin is extracted, can carry out processed, dewater concentratedly, make mixed liquid concentration reach 15～20% the saponin mixed solution that contains behind the separating starch.
Press such scheme, described fine grinding should reach cell walls is destroyed for band water fine grinding, its fine grinding degree, fiber, starch, saponin monomer separation, but can not cross pulverizing; Saponin is carried content secretly below 0.2% in the isolated fiber; Foreign matter content is below 0.5% in the isolated starch, and saponin content is below 0.02%; Described cyclonic separation is multistage cyclonic separation; Described method of sieving comprises with bolting and pressure curved sieve screening.
The technical scheme of processing units of the present invention is: include crusher and atomizer mill, the delivery port of atomizer mill is connected with screening plant, screening plant is provided with outlet of fiber material and screening slurry outlet, screening slurry outlet and cyclone separation device join, cyclone separation device includes the starch delivery port and contains saponin mixed solution delivery port, contains saponin mixed solution delivery port and is communicated with the saponin extraction element.
Press such scheme, described screening plant involving vibrations sieve and pressure curved sieve, the fiber material outlet of vibratory screening apparatus is further sieved the fiber in the slurry by the opening for feed of batch can and the bent sieve of pump cut-in pressure; Described cyclone separation device is multistage cyclone separation device; Between screening plant and cyclone separation device, also can be connected in series desanding swirler and concentrated swirler; All can and dispose pump by material pond or batch can between each device and the equipment is connected; Between cyclone separation device and saponin extraction element, also the dehydration concentrating unit can be set.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1, the starch in the slurry is separated and adopt physical method, during industrial production, can further reduce the use of sulfuric acid and other chemical, quantity of wastewater effluent is further reduced, be particularly conducive to environmental protection; 2, by being finely ground to certain fineness, the cell walls of yellow ginger is gone to pot, fiber, starch, saponin monomer dissociation, and the saponin in the yellow ginger is effectively separated by physical separation method, experiment shows, isolate that saponin content is below 0.2% in the fiber, saponin content is below 0.02% in the isolated starch, and the rate of recovery of saponin can reach more than 97% in the whole extraction process; 3, resource utilization degree height can all be separated the fiber in the yellow ginger and the starch overwhelming majority (95%), and as industrial raw material, this has not only reduced waste and has polluted, and can strengthen the benefit of production; 4, to have level of automation higher for present device, and result of use is good, can work continuously the characteristics that production efficiency is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of an embodiment of working method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of an embodiment of processing units of the present invention.
Among Fig. 2 shown in the label: 1-conveying belt, 2-feeding auger, 3-yellow ginger cleaning machine, the 4-crusher, 5-expects pond, 6-pump, the 7-charging stock tank, 8-atomizer mill, 9-batch can, the 10-vibratory screening apparatus, 11-fiber batch can, 12-rinse bath, 13-1,13-2, the 13-3-pressure curved sieve, 14-rinse bath, 15-1,15-2, the 15-3-washing pump, the 16-fiber is extracted machine, 17-running water pipe, 18-slurry pool, the 19-pump, 20-desanding swirler, 21-expects the pond, the 22-pump, 23-concentrates swirler, and 24-concentrates slurry pool, 25, the 26-pump, 27-saponin mixed solution material pond, two groups of 28-washing swirlers, one group of 29-washing swirler, the 30-pump, 31-is water pot from the beginning, 32-water sand separator, 33-under meter, the 34-concentrating unit that dewaters, 35-saponin extraction element.
Embodiment
Further specify embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
An embodiment technical process of working method of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, (1) earlier yellow ginger is cleaned up, the yellow ginger of cleaning is carried out fragmentation, broken granularity is below 2 millimeters, yellow ginger after the fragmentation is with the water fine grinding, make it become the yellow ginger slurry, yellow ginger slurry granularity reaches 90～110 order fineness, and the concentration of yellow ginger slurry (solid content by weight) is 8～10%; (2) with method of sieving the fiber separation in the yellow ginger slurry is come out, the fineness of sieve aperture (net) is 90～110 orders, can separate with vibratory screening apparatus earlier, further separate with pressure curved sieve again, the pressure of pressure curved sieve is 0.2～0.4Mpa, can make like this and carry the saponin amount in the fiber secretly, increase the rate of collecting of saponin below 0.1%; (3) starch that adopts the cyclonic separation method will remove in the yellow ginger slurry of fiber is separated, before separating starch, can carry out the slurry desanding earlier and dewater concentrating, make the concentration of yellow ginger slurry be concentrated into 5～8% by 2～5%, carry out cyclonic separation then, cyclonic separation can adopt multistage cyclonic separation mode, and the starch in the slurry is separated fully, separation rate is reached more than 98%, remaining for containing the saponin mixed solution; (4) carry out processed to containing the saponin mixed solution, contain the saponin mixed liquid concentration by 2～5% simmer down tos 15～20%, can adopt the butterfly filter to carry out separating and dehydrating, solids content is below 0.1% in the liquid effluent; (5) saponin is extracted, and will contain the saponin mixed solution and boil hydrolysis 3～5 hours with 2M hydrochloric acid, and the elimination acid solution adds CaO and is neutralized to neutrality, cleaning, and dewatered drying is used No. 120 gasoline or ethanol or acetone or supercritical CO again
2Extract, get saponin.
The structure of an embodiment of processing units of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, include yellow ginger cleaning machine 3, the feed end and the feeding device of yellow ginger cleaning machine join, feeding device comprises feeding auger 2 and preposition conveying belt 1, the discharging termination crusher 4 of yellow ginger cleaning machine, the discharge port of crusher is connected with material pond 5, material is provided with stirrer in the pond, the material pond links to each other with charging stock tank 7 by pump 6, charging stock tank and atomizer mill 8 join, atomizer mill can adopt the double plate grinding machine, by two rotate abrasive discs and fixedly abrasive disc dispose and constitute, reach the monomer dissociation of each composition in the material by the stranding mill effect of abrasive disc side direction generation; The discharging fineness of atomizer mill is 80～120 orders, and the concentration of slurry (solid content by weight) is 5～15%; The discharge port of atomizer mill connects screening plant, the screening plant separated into two parts, a part is the vibratory screening apparatus part, the batch can 9 of involving vibrations sieve, the batch can below is a vibratory screening apparatus 10, and vibratory screening apparatus sieve aperture (net) fineness is 80～120 orders, and the vibratory screening apparatus below is a slurry outlet, be communicated with slurry pool 18 by valve, the fiber material outlet of vibratory screening apparatus connects fiber batch can 11; Another part of screening plant is the pressure curved sieve part, be that isolated fiber material is further sieved, the pressure curved sieve part is by three pressure curved sieve 13-1,13-2,13-3, two rinse baths 12,14 and three washing pump 15-1,15-2,15-3 composes in series mutually, wherein fiber batch can 11 joins by washing pump 15-1 and first step pressure curved sieve 13-1, the slurry outlet of first step pressure curved sieve links to each other with kiln basin 18 by the road, the fiber material outlet of first step pressure curved sieve 13-1 enters rinse bath 12, the sinking part of rinse bath is joined by washing pump 15-2 and second stage pressure curved sieve 13-2, the slurry outlet of second stage pressure curved sieve returns rinse bath 12 supernatant parts, the outlet of fiber material enters rinse bath 14, the sinking part of rinse bath 14 is joined by washing pump 15-3 and third stage pressure curved sieve 13-3, the fiber material outlet of third stage pressure curved sieve is the fiber material outlet of screening plant, its slurry outlet still is back to rinse bath 14, rinse bath 12,14 supernatant partly is back to fiber batch can 11, and the circulation of proceeding pressure curved sieve separates; The fiber material outlet of screening plant can connect fiber and extract machine 16, further extracts the remaining slurry in the fiber, and remaining slurry is back to rinse bath 14; Slurry pool 18 joins with multistage cyclone separation device, prosthomere at multistage cyclone separation device can connect desanding swirler 20 and concentrated swirler 23, wherein the opening for feed of desanding swirler links to each other with slurry pool 18 by pump 19, the slurry outlet pond 21 that connects material, material pond 21 joins by pump 22 and concentrated swirler 23, the slurry outlet that concentrates swirler enters and concentrates slurry pool 24, and the clear liquid of separating partly returns slurry pool 18; Concentrate slurry pool 24 and be connected with multistage cyclone separation device by pump 25, multistage cyclone separation device comprises a group 29 of washing swirler and two group of 28 two portions of washing swirler; One group of swirler of washing is interlocked to be connected in series with three pumps by four cyclone separators and forms, wherein the outlet of the starch size of first cyclone separator A connects the opening for feed of second cyclone separator B through pump, the slurry outlet of second cyclone separator connects the opening for feed of the 3rd cyclone separator C through pump, the slurry outlet of the 3rd cyclone separator meets the 4th cyclone separator D through pump, slurry outlet place at the 3rd cyclone separator can be connected to make-up pipe, the starch size outlet of the 4th cyclone separator is isolated starch size, joins through check valve and starch size pipeline; For strengthening separation rate, the purified liquor outlet difference tieback of third and fourth cyclone separator can be arrived the slurry outlet of first and second cyclone separator, separation again circulates; And first, the purified liquor outlet of two cyclone separators is one group of purified liquor outlet of washing swirler, insert two group 28 of washing swirler through check valve, the washing swirler includes three cyclone separators for two groups and forms with staggered serial connection of three pumps, wherein the opening for feed of first cyclone separator E is communicated with through the purified liquor outlet of pump with one group of washing swirler, its purified liquor outlet connects the opening for feed of second cyclone separator F through pump, slurry outlet then returns and concentrates slurry pool 24, the purified liquor outlet of second cyclone separator is connected through the opening for feed of pump with the 3rd cyclone separator G, its slurry outlet returns the opening for feed of first cyclone separator, the purified liquor outlet of the 3rd cyclone separator G is that the material liquid outlet of multistage cyclone separation device enters saponin mixed solution material pond 27, its slurry outlet returns the opening for feed of second cyclone separator F, separates through circulation again; The liquid material that enters saponin mixed solution material pond 27 for separate removed fiber and starch contain saponin yellow ginger mixed solution material, this saponin mixed solution material pond joins by pump 26 and dehydration concentrating unit 34 and saponin extraction element 35, the dehydration concentrating unit can be the butterfly filter, and the saponin extraction element is an existing conventional saponin extraction element.In addition, the make-up pipe and the desanding purifier that are connect in one group 29 of the above-mentioned washing swirler join, the desanding purifier is formed by connecting by the water pot from the beginning 31, pump 30 and the water sand separator 32 that join with running water pipe 17, the water outlet of water sand separator is connected under meter 33, and this desanding purifier also can be other device of this equipment and batch can supplies water.
Claims (11)
1, a kind ofly from yellow ginger, extract the working method of saponin, it is characterized in that with direct method of isolation:
(1) yellow ginger of cleaning is pulverized and fine grinding, yellow ginger slurry granularity reaches 80～120 order fineness after the fine grinding, and the concentration of yellow ginger slurry is 5～15% with solid content by weight; (2) with method of sieving the fiber separation in the yellow ginger slurry is come out, the fineness of sieve aperture is 80～120 orders; (3) adopt the cyclonic separation method that the starch in the yellow ginger slurry is separated, remaining for containing the saponin mixed solution; (4) saponin is extracted, and will contain the acid hydrolysis of saponin mixed solution, cleaning and oven dry, uses No. 120 gasoline or ethanol or acetone or supercritical CO again
2Extract, get saponin.
2, from yellow ginger, extracts the working method of saponin with direct method of isolation by claim 1 is described, it is characterized in that before the saponin extraction, carrying out processed, dewater concentratedly, make mixed liquid concentration reach 15～20% the saponin mixed solution that contains behind the separating starch.
3, describedly extracts the working method of saponin with direct method of isolation from yellow ginger by claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described fine grinding is the fine grinding of band water, its fine grinding degree should reach and make cell walls destruction, fiber, starch and saponin monomer separation.
4, describedly from yellow ginger, extract the working method of saponin by claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described cyclonic separation is multistage cyclonic separation with direct method of isolation.
5, describedly from yellow ginger, extracts the working method of saponin by claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described method of sieving comprises with bolting and pressure curved sieve to sieve with direct method of isolation.
6, a kind of processing units that from yellow ginger, extracts saponin with direct method of isolation, it is characterized in that including crusher and atomizer mill, the delivery port of atomizer mill is connected with screening plant, screening plant is provided with outlet of fiber material and screening slurry outlet, screening slurry outlet and cyclone separation device join, cyclone separation device includes the starch delivery port and contains saponin mixed solution delivery port, contains saponin mixed solution delivery port and is communicated with the saponin extraction element.
7, by the described processing units that from yellow ginger, extracts saponin with direct method of isolation of claim 6, it is characterized in that described screening plant involving vibrations sieve and pressure curved sieve, the fiber material outlet of vibratory screening apparatus is further sieved the fiber in the slurry by the opening for feed of batch can and the bent sieve of pump cut-in pressure.
8, describedly from yellow ginger, extract the processing units of saponin by claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that described cyclone separation device is multistage cyclone separation device with direct method of isolation.
9, from yellow ginger, extract the processing units of saponin by claim 7 is described with direct method of isolation, it is characterized in that the pressure curved sieve part is composed in series mutually by three pressure curved sieves, two rinse baths and three washing pumps.
10, from yellow ginger, extract the processing units of saponin by claim 8 is described with direct method of isolation, it is characterized in that multistage cyclone separation device comprises one group of washing swirler and two groups of two portions of washing swirler; One group of swirler of washing is formed by staggered serial connection of four cyclone separators and three pumps, washs two groups of swirlers and includes three cyclone separators and interlock to be connected in series with three pumps and form.
11, describedly from yellow ginger, extract the processing units of saponin by claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that between cyclone separation device and saponin extraction element, the dehydration concentrating unit being set with direct method of isolation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410060679 CN1268635C (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2004-08-03 | Processing method and device for extracting saponin from peltate yam by directly separating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200410060679 CN1268635C (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2004-08-03 | Processing method and device for extracting saponin from peltate yam by directly separating method |
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| CN1587274A CN1587274A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| CN1268635C true CN1268635C (en) | 2006-08-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1849909B (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2010-12-29 | 朱江 | Method for cleanly producing yellow ginger |
| CN101294189B (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-11-02 | 王元华 | Preprocessing method for saponins slurry in dioscorea opposita saponin production process |
| CN103183718A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | 十堰市秦岭中地生物科技有限公司 | Hydrolysis method for production of saponin from turmeric |
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