CN1268095A - Device at a load carrier - Google Patents

Device at a load carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1268095A
CN1268095A CN98808559.3A CN98808559A CN1268095A CN 1268095 A CN1268095 A CN 1268095A CN 98808559 A CN98808559 A CN 98808559A CN 1268095 A CN1268095 A CN 1268095A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
leg
support beam
load carrier
drive spindle
hand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN98808559.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1091739C (en
Inventor
斯文·杰德伯格
凯文·比格尔斯基
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of CN1268095A publication Critical patent/CN1268095A/en
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Publication of CN1091739C publication Critical patent/CN1091739C/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/12—Supports
    • B65D90/14—Legs, e.g. detachable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/022—Large containers rigid in multiple arrangement, e.g. stackable, nestable, connected or joined together side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B65D88/129—Transporter frames for containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/52—Large containers collapsible, i.e. with walls hinged together or detachably connected
    • B65D88/522—Large containers collapsible, i.e. with walls hinged together or detachably connected all side walls hingedly connected to each other or to another component of the container

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement for a load carrier (1) in the form of a platform module so arranged as to be capable of being handled without restriction between transport positions, rail, road vehicle and boat, and which, on its underside, exhibits a number of legs (3) for setting up the load carrier on a base. The legs (3) are mounted so that they are capable of pivoting in internal spaces in the load carrier (1) respectively between a retracted and an extended position, and a locking device (8) is so arranged as to prevent unintentional retraction or extension of the legs (3) in question and thus to lock the legs (3) in the intended retracted or extended position.

Description

The device that the load carrier is used
The present invention relates to a kind of device, be used for the load carrier of platform assembly form, it can be loaded and unloaded between transporting position, track, on-road vehicle and boats and ships ad lib, its downside has a plurality of legs, is used for the load carrier is placed in the bottom surface.
The term of row when through transport more and more becomes usually requires various different transportation resources mixing through transports.
In order to carry out through transport, need different transportation modes to coordinate mutually; Just must transfer a load onto another kind of types of transportation from a kind of types of transportation by simply loading and unloading fast.This requires the load carrier to be suitable for the handling method of needs, for example from the on-road vehicle to the track, and (Lift on-lift off Vessels) and " roll-on-roll-off ship " (Roll on-Roll off Vessels) from track to " lift-on and lift-off ship ".
Freight container remains up to now general-duty device, though they do not have extra equipment can not take roll off system (Ro-Ro) loading and unloading.
In the past for example by DE, A1,3 124 607 disclosed ship loading devices comprise a loading frame, this loading frame can be contained on desired transportation means such as boats and ships or the guideway vehicle or the like.When loading frame was settled on the ground, loading frame required special ground support.
SE-B, 466593 formerly disclose a kind of interchangeable platform that has simple collapsible leg, but this is a kind ofly to be intended for guideway vehicle but not load carrier peculiar to vessel, therefore can not load and unload in the above described manner.
US, A, 5,368,179 also describe the load carrier that also has the pivoting leg, though they are very complicated according to its structure and purposes two aspects.
Therefore main purpose of the present invention is to utilize a kind of device in first aspect, and this device can solve the relevant issues that a kind of load carrier that leg is housed loads and unloads ad lib under different situations.
Above-mentioned purpose utilizes a kind of device of the present invention to reach, its feature mainly is, these legs be mounted to can be in the inner space of load carrier pivot type rotation between retracted position and extended position respectively, latching device is configured to stop relevant leg unexpectedly to withdraw or stretch out, thereby leg is locked in the predetermined retracted position or extended position, leg is connected on the drive spindle, the effect of drive spindle is on the one hand as the latching device of leg in above-mentioned two positions, on the other hand as the motion transmitting device between the driver train in the described latching device, stretch out and withdraw with the accident that stops leg, and allow leg to be placed in the position of wanting, combine therewith, leg stretches out during load carrier rising phase place.
Therefore main purpose of the present invention is to utilize a kind of device that supplies the load carrier to use, this device has the pivoting leg, can between land transport vehicle and boats and ships, load and unload the load carrier fast, and in stretching out the actual charge and discharge operations of leg, reduce as far as possible or eliminate manpower fully.
This point is accomplished according to following program:
A) M/C of latching device.When on the transportation means that load cell is still being come and leg when being in retracted position in order to stretch out leg, unclamps latching device.When load cell when transportation means raises, leg falls, auto lock is in extended position.When unit (loaded or unloaded) stands in when preparing to be elevated on the transportation means of coming on the position,, unclamp latching device for the leg of withdrawing.This unit raises from ground, rolls back on the ground down then, and these legs will be moved apart (inclination by leg will be convenient to accomplish this point) and upwards face toward the load cell downside this moment, and they will be locked in the retracted position there.This unit raises then and is placed on the transportation means of coming.
B) latching device also can utilize the pin on the rising yoke to unclamp automatically, and this yoke drives a spring boosting beam, and the latter drives this drive spindle.As mentioned above, do not need manual activity to get involved in this case.
Aforesaid operations is fine, because the as a whole system of leg structure, drive spindle and locking mechanism should regard the one unit device as.This can understand from new claim.
US, A, the prior art in 5,368,179 comprises each leg in the freight container, and they are installed pivotally, have the horizontal supporting axle of the Horizontal Branch of being included in being in the charge of, and these Horizontal Branch are in the charge of respectively the downside and the outside at freight container.
In extended position, these legs are kept by the pivoting pillar, and these pivoting pillars can be connected on the leg by the removable pin in the connection eyelet of leg.
The method of effect that realizes the pivot type rotation of above-mentioned leg is, removes pin, and upwards rotation post upwards rotates leg, then leg is slipped into depositing in the cavity of freight container below.This requires many M/Cs, so that unclamp can work as lifting the time and lock above-mentioned leg.For fear of the pawl of danger being placed in freight container below, must deposit leg in this case, make it can be along lateral slip, so that from every thing of freight container contacts side surfaces.
Therefore, significantly be different from above-mentioned previous disclosed device in the present invention described in claims, and the content that comprises in the aforesaid right claim can not be counted as significantly for the Technology professional.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, among the figure:
Fig. 1 represents the top oblique perspective view of load carrier of the present invention, shows the support legs of withdrawal;
Fig. 2 represents the thin portion of these support legs and drive element thereof;
Fig. 3 represents the device of support legs in more detail and is in the latching device of locked position;
Fig. 4 represents that its all support legs all are in the load carrier in the extended position;
Fig. 5 represents to be in the bearing position that stretches out each to support legs;
Fig. 6 represents to be in the support legs in the extended position and is in latching device in the free position;
Fig. 7 represents a kind of variation scheme that comprises automatic locking mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 8 represents that the present invention is applied to an example of freight container;
Fig. 9 represents an example that can pile up;
Figure 10 represents to go for the roll off system loading and unloading;
Figure 11 represents to load and unload the scheme drawing of apparatus of the present invention;
Figure 12 represents to load and unload the diagram of device of the present invention.
Load carrier 1 device becomes and can load and unload ad lib between transporting position, track, on-road vehicle and boats and ships, and is intended for lift-on/lift-off system and two kinds of loading and unloading methods of roll off system.According to the present invention, the load carrier 1 of this kind is equipped with later-model leg device, a plurality of legs 3 are arranged on its downside 2, in case load carrier 1 is hung oneself down from on-road vehicle, these legs 3 can make load carrier 1 be placed on the bottom surface 4, and further load and unload with prior terminal such as previously disclosed coventional type or platform/chuck type container assemblies.
Innovation of the present invention is, leg 3 is installed in the inner space 5 of load carrier 1 pivotally, can between retracted position worker and extended position II, upwards change 6 and downwards change 7, the carrier 1 of loading thus can have different functions, part is as chuck, and part is as the common so-called freight container platform that disclosed in the past.
A latching device 8 is set in primary importance simultaneously, unexpectedly withdraws or unexpectedly stretch out to prevent relevant leg 3, and leg 3 is locked among retracted position I or the extended position II.
Load carrier 1 is preferably based on the about 50 tons 40 feet long so-called platform assembly of gross weight or the freight container of previously disclosed type, this freight container has welding angle case apparatus in place, its lift-on/lift-off system that is suitable for the compartment-type box ship is loaded, and for roll onroll-off type loading and unloading (see figure 8), the leg 3 of supporting is stretched out downwards, so that so-called " lifting tractor truck " can reach the freight container below, utilize its hydraulic efficiency pressure system lifting chuck then and it is transported to the position of wanting according to Figure 10.In another case, this has installed the effect of platform or freight container, and is loaded and unloaded with the same equipment as freight container.Therefore the present invention reduces cost of transportation greatly, and shipping mass is improved, and haulage time is shortened, and makes the principle of " by chance timely " the transportation tissue that is cited as a whole.The present invention also can make total expenses and client's expense optimization.At last, it is important also that the present invention can meet the transportation of environmental protection ground.
Can should be mentioned that in detail, each leg 3 preferably by each to support beam 3 1, 3 2Form, they interconnect like this, and they interconnect like this, make to rotate together around the pivot separately 9,10 on its load carrier 1 as common unit.Support beam 3 1, 3 2Preferably parallel to each other, and the pin beam 11 of a rigidity is connected the outer free end 3 of support beam separately through pivot 12,13 1A, 3 2On the A, so that play support beam 3 on the one hand 1, 3 2Between the effect of pipe link, play the supporting role of leg big on the ground on the other hand.
A support beam 3 1Be connected on the drive spindle 14 through articulated connecting rod 15 pivotings, coupled, a parts 14A of this drive spindle 14 can be contained in a support beam 3 1Groove 16 in, this groove is arranged on the edge 17 of supporting beam length side.The effect of this drive spindle 14 is, on the one hand as support beam 3 1, 3 2Blocking device in two described position I, II is on the other hand as the mobile transmitting device between the driver train 18 in the latching device 8, to allow support beam 3 1, 3 2Want adjustment among position I, the II.
Departing from support beam 3 114B place, end, drive spindle 14 has a manual locking jaw 19, it comprises the locking arm 20 of a spring boosting.Described locking arm pivoting is installed in around the pivot 21 of load in the carrier 1, and is connected on the drive spindle 14.Described connection comprises one, and this pin can be held like this from the outstanding lock 21 of drive spindle 14, makes it can displacement freely in the open slot 22 of described locking arm 20.
Leg device 3A-3D is arranged on the 1A-1D place, corresponding bight of the platform assembly 1 in the fit-engagement recess 5 of platform assembly 1, at rearward end B place a pair of leg device 3C-3D is arranged, be provided with tourelle 23 below as wheel, roller, fishing jig or spin etc., can on a bottom surface, roll at the opposite end A of platform assembly 1 rising rear platform assembly 1 with permission.
Details are as follows for different functions of components of the present invention:
Support beam 3 1, 3 2Can be between level attitude I and vertical position II pivot type rotation, each can be contained in the single space 5 of load carrier 1, they are arranged to because latching device 2 and can by mistake not stretching out or withdraw.For this reason, a pin 24 is set on the load carrier 1, prevents that leg 3 from by mistake stretching out.Bar 25 on outer free end 20A who is connected locking arm 20, can want the position with being manually adjusted to, this position is by the determining positions of pin 24, and this makes leg 3 withdrawals, the perhaps pin 26 that certain distance is arranged to and first pin 24, and leg 3 is owing to the bar in this position stretches out.Combine with this point, axle 21 position is by groove in the arm 20 22 and open slot 27 controls, and open slot 27 is set to the scope of wanting in the framework 40 of load vehicle 1.
The obstruction of leg 3 in retracted position I is by the determining positions of side direction protrudent pin 28 in groove 27 in the drive spindle 14.Bar 25 is placed in stops pin 24 tops, just can discharge leg 3, also is unblocking.In this way, axle 21 makes pin 28 stressed making progress.During the ramp up phase of load carrier 1 (for example by truck or other bont), leg 3 stretches out, and moves along arrow 29 directions in groove 27 and sell 28.The torsion spring 30 of catch gear is pushed axle 21 to pin 28.Be placed in downwards in the process on the ground 4 at load carrier 1, the pin 28 top positions that are in the groove 27 are positioned in the holding among the parts 27A of band angle of groove 27.
For the leg shown in Fig. 43, in order to make leg 3 with bearing position II withdrawal, leg 3 is by the position unblocking of hand regulation arm 20.In the process that promotes load carrier 1, drive spindle 14 is by himself moved downward, when load carrier 1 when being placed on the ground 4 downwards, pin 19 moves along the direction of arrow 31, so that be contained in the step 32,33 of cooperation roll extrusion in the groove 27 and band angle.Torsion spring 34 tries hard to parts 21,25 are spurred toward each other.
Fig. 7 represents a kind of variation scheme of latching device 108, wherein have with above-mentioned example in the parts same numeral of same function.Forced locking device 108 by the pin 151 that will promote yoke 150 be placed on the load carrier 1 angle case 152 in work, thereby reach the locking effect.
This is based on the principle of beam 153, and this beam can rotate around axle 154 in load carrier 1, and at one end one spring is arranged the 153A place at this beam upside, can be connected as described above on the drive spindle 14 at its other end place.The determining positions groove 156,157 of drive spindle 14 wherein must hold a pin 158 at drive spindle 14, depends on the extended position 156 or the retracted position 157 of leg 3.Spring 155 can be a sheet spring form, is connected on the crossbeam 153.Be locked in the process of the angle case opening 159 that connects at the catch gear 151 with yoke 150, this spring is to lower stress and place under the pulling force.When load carrier 1 raises subsequently, the power of spring 155 makes beam 153 rotate around pivot link 154, to be pin 158 throw off with locking slot 157 result, and allow pin 158 to move along the groove in the beam 153 160, thereby blocked in locking slot 156 when leg 3 has stretched into bearing position.
Fig. 8 represents that the present invention is applied to the example of freight container 200, wherein assembles one according to the complete of band leg device of the present invention or the load vehicle 201 that separates.Use in this case and be embodied in angle case 275,276.Effect is identical with illustrative each embodiment in above-described and the accompanying drawing.
According to the loading and unloading scheme drawing of load carrier 1 of the present invention, comprise following running shown in Figure 11:
A. behind the safety device of throwing off on the support, sling from vehicle.
B. settle downwards, leg is stretched out.
C. lifting tractor truck transportation is used for rolling of boats and ships and adorns the loading and unloading method.
D. the carrier of will loading is placed on the leg.
D1. withdraw from derrick car.
D2. reduce the load carrier, the withdrawal leg.
E. further loading and unloading load carrier makes its leg be withdrawn on the road or on the guideway vehicle, or lift-on/lift-off system is loaded and unloaded on the ship.
F. stack empty assembly so that deposit.
Figure 100 shown in Figure 12-600 illustrates each loading and unloading stage of the present invention simultaneously, has two load modules, roll off system and lift-on/lift-off systems.
Figure 100 represents the lorry of load carried;
Figure 200 is illustrated in leave the road vehicle or railroad train rear leg 3 has stretched out on load carrier 1 and below load, to be used for the roll off system loading and unloading;
The load carrier 1 of Figure 30 0 expression on-load is prepared to be loaded on the roll-on-roll-off ship with the lifting tractor truck;
Figure 40 0 expression is loaded on the roll-on-roll-off ship;
Figure 50 0 is illustrated in before the lifting subsequently of lifting loads, and how leg throws off; And
Figure 60 0 expression will have been loaded and focused on the lift-on and lift-off ship.
The invention is not restricted to the example shown in above-mentioned and the accompanying drawing and show embodiment, and can revise in claims scope of patent, this does not depart from thought of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the device of form load carrier (1) usefulness that is platform assembly, this load carrier device becomes can be at transporting position, track, loading and unloading ad lib between on-road vehicle and the boats and ships, its downside (2) has a plurality of legs (3), be used for load vehicle (1) upwards is placed in a bottom surface (4), it is characterized in that, leg (3) be mounted to can be in the inner space (5) of load carrier (1) pivot type rotation between retracted position (I) and extended position (II) respectively, a latching device (8) is configured to stop relevant leg (3) unexpectedly to withdraw (6) or stretches out (7), thereby leg (3) is locked in predetermined retracted position (6) or the extended position (7), leg (3) is connected on the drive spindle (14), the effect of drive spindle is installed (I as leg (3) at above-mentioned two on the one hand, II) latching device in, on the other hand as the motion transmitting device between the driver train (18) in the described latching device (8), stretch out and withdraw with the accident that stops leg (3), and allow leg (3) to be placed in the position of wanting (I, II), combine therewith, leg (3) stretches out during load carrier (1) rising phase place.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, each leg (3) preferably by each to bearing cross beam (3 1, 3 2) form, they are interconnected to pivot type rotation together.
3. device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, support beam (3 1, 3 2) be arranged to be parallel to each other, a pin beam (11) is connected the outer free end (3 of corresponding support beam 1A, 3 2A) on, so that on the one hand as support beam (3 1, 3 2) between connecting rod, on the other hand as ground supporting.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, base are characterised in that, one of support beam (3 1) connecting drive spindle (14), its effect is on the one hand as support beam (3 1, 3 2) blocking device, as the motion transmitting device between the driver train (18), make it possible on the other hand support beam (3 1, 3 2) adjust to the position of wanting (I, II).
5. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, parts (14A) of drive spindle (14) can be accommodated in one of described support beam (3 1) groove (16) in.
6. device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, groove (16) is arranged on the edge (17) of long side of support beam, combines with it, and drive spindle (14) is connected support beam (3 pivotally 1) on.
7. as one in the claim 4～6 or other described device, it is characterized in that, drive spindle (14) is located the moving locking jaw (19) of a manually operated spring rib at its end away from support beam (31) (14B), it comprises a locking arm (20), and latter's pivoting is installed and is connected on the drive spindle (14).
8. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, one can movably be contained in the described groove (22) that locks arm (20) from the outstanding pin (21) of drive spindle (14).
9. as one in the claim 1～8 or other described device, wherein (3A～3D) is placed in the corresponding bight of platform assembly (in the groove (5) of 1A～1D) locate for this reason to be provided with to leg device, it is characterized in that, a pair of leg device (3C-3D) is provided with tourelle such as wheel or roller, so that platform assembly (1) can (4) be gone up rolling in the bottom surface.
CN98808559A 1997-08-29 1998-08-28 Device at a load carrier Expired - Fee Related CN1091739C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9703108A SE510327C2 (en) 1997-08-29 1997-08-29 Device for load carriers
SE97031082 1997-08-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1268095A true CN1268095A (en) 2000-09-27
CN1091739C CN1091739C (en) 2002-10-02

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CN98808559A Expired - Fee Related CN1091739C (en) 1997-08-29 1998-08-28 Device at a load carrier

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EP (1) EP1017602B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1091739C (en)
AT (1) ATE226550T1 (en)
AU (1) AU8896398A (en)
DE (1) DE69808953T2 (en)
PL (1) PL339010A1 (en)
SE (1) SE510327C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999011544A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105197451A (en) * 2015-10-30 2015-12-30 南车石家庄车辆有限公司 Side lock for bulking cargo cage frame

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US20010035410A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-11-01 Federal Express Corporation Freight container, system, and method for shipping freight
FI20010589A (en) * 2001-03-22 2002-09-23 Permar Oy transport Container
US7360784B2 (en) * 2004-02-13 2008-04-22 Ultimate Survival Technologies, Llc Multifunctional mobile storage and delivery system
ES2322017B1 (en) * 2009-01-05 2010-07-15 Miquel Angel Moral Vico PALETIZATION PLATFORM.
WO2023281154A1 (en) * 2021-07-07 2023-01-12 Hannu Kukkola Method and arrangement for transportation of elongated load

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DE3124607A1 (en) * 1981-06-23 1983-01-05 Planmarine, 8201 Schaffhausen VEHICLE, ESPECIALLY ROLLERS, OR ROLLING TRAILERS FOR SHIP LOADING AREAS
FR2646391B1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1991-07-26 France Etat AUTONOMOUS PALLET WITH RETRACTABLE CASTERS FOR THE TRANSPORT OF LOADS
SE466593B (en) * 1990-05-04 1992-03-09 Arne Henriksson Utveckling Kom DEVELOPMENT FLAT DEVICE
FR2677623B1 (en) * 1991-06-17 1995-03-31 Bulle Jean Marie CONTAINER WITH RETRACTABLE STANDS IN THE SIDE SIDES.
DE4338158A1 (en) * 1993-11-02 1995-05-04 Cts Eurocon Gmbh Large-capacity transporting container

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105197451A (en) * 2015-10-30 2015-12-30 南车石家庄车辆有限公司 Side lock for bulking cargo cage frame

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Publication number Publication date
EP1017602B1 (en) 2002-10-23
AU8896398A (en) 1999-03-22
EP1017602A1 (en) 2000-07-12
CN1091739C (en) 2002-10-02
ATE226550T1 (en) 2002-11-15
PL339010A1 (en) 2000-12-04
SE9703108L (en) 1999-03-01
DE69808953D1 (en) 2002-11-28
SE9703108D0 (en) 1997-08-29
DE69808953T2 (en) 2003-06-12
SE510327C2 (en) 1999-05-10
WO1999011544A1 (en) 1999-03-11

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