CN1267738A - Pretreatment microwave technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore - Google Patents
Pretreatment microwave technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN1267738A CN1267738A CN 99114716 CN99114716A CN1267738A CN 1267738 A CN1267738 A CN 1267738A CN 99114716 CN99114716 CN 99114716 CN 99114716 A CN99114716 A CN 99114716A CN 1267738 A CN1267738 A CN 1267738A
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Abstract
Large-power microwave energy is used to heat and treat coated composite platinum-palladium ore in furnace via a microwave transmitting system comprising large-power circulator, pin adapter and wave guide, and this can improve the subsequent leaching property of mineral in traditional wet leaching and separating to extract platinum, palladium and other noble metals. The technology of the present invention makes it possible to utilize coated composite platinum-palladium ore, and compared with available pyrometallurgical process, the technology has the advantages of high efficiency, saving in power, high leaching rate, less pollution, etc.
Description
The invention belongs to the precious metal minerals metallurgical technology, particularly the precious metal minerals hydrometallurgical technology.
The present invention is primarily aimed at the poor copper of Chinese large-sized, poor nickel coated composite platinum-palladium ore, also is applicable to golden ore concentrate hard to treat simultaneously.The platinum metals is because its good oxidation-resistance, erosion resistance, catalytic activity, special effects to light, electricity, heat, become the important material in fields such as navigation, aviation, universe, electronics, the energy, machinery, traffic, chemical industry, metallurgy (as electrical contact, thermopair, crucible, catalyzer, medicine and jewellery etc.).Because for a long time, the production of China's platinum, palladium is to reclaim (to see Fig. 1 from the byproduct (anode sludge) of copper, nickel etc. always, Fig. 2), or from the waste and old material of platinum, palladium goods, reclaim, the output of directly refining platinum, palladium (see figure 2) from ore is very low (sees the rare metal handbook, volume two, the 15 piece, precious metal, 1995).And be from the anode sludge of electrolytic copper nickelalloy, to reclaim, so output is very low always, do not satisfy high-tech, industry and civilian demand far away.
Though China has found the coated composite platinum-palladium ore bed of large-scale poor copper, poor nickel, the main embedding cloth of platinum family mineral is in metallic sulfide, and the platinum family mineral embedding cloth that also has considerable part is in magnetite, and embedding cloth accounts for 20% in gangue; Inlay the type aspect, the platinum family mineral mainly are parcel and the pass parcel inlays, when directly leaching with traditional heating humidifying method, because integument is not broken, make to leach to react and be obstructed, speed is slack-off, prolonged extraction time, increased energy consumption, leaching yield very low (about 15～20%); With leaching after traditional pyrogenic process roasting pre-treatment, leaching yield also only 30～40%; Do not see precedent with the pyrogenic process platinum palladium concentrate that directly blows yet, if use the technology of traditional pyrogenic process blowing copper ore concentrates, because the poor copper of platinum palladium concentrate, poor nickel, and the day output of platinum palladium concentrate is limited at present, need higher-grade copper (or copper nickel) concentrate and the flux of tens tons of addings, converting furnace could move, originally the mixed grade of higher-grade platinum palladium concentrate about 70 gram/tons is reduced to below the 10 gram/tons, and the blowing branch carries out for two sections, the Separation and Recovery precious metal (is seen Fig. 1 from electrolysis anode sludge at last, Fig. 2), therefrom as can be seen: melting, blowing, leach, procedure technology complexity such as electrolysis, cost of investment and running cost are all very high, energy consumption is also very big, and environmental pollution is serious.For above-mentioned reasons, though the mineral deposit found for many years, unmind always.
The present invention adopts and diverse, the advanced micro-wave energy technology pre-treatment platinum palladium concentrate of traditional cremate method, cooperates hydrometallurgical processes, solves the poor copper of Chinese large-sized, the difficult difficult problem of refining of poor nickel coated composite platinum-palladium ore.
It is that 2450MHz and 915MHz microwave source (technical scale is mainly used 915MHz) add microwave transmission system (hydrokineter that the present invention adopts industrial frequency commonly used, the pin tuner, water load and waveguide) and microwave multimode reaction chamber (being body of heater) handle poor copper, poor nickel coated composite platinum-palladium ore (seeing accompanying drawing 4), its principle is: under the micro-wave energy effect, platinum palladium concentrate absorbs microwave, the heating of self dielectric loss, heat-processed be inside and outside that carry out simultaneously thereby reduced significantly the heat conducting time can avoid in the traditional heating mode " cold " center " phenomenon; under the micro-wave energy effect; material molecule generation Action of Superhigh Frequency Vibration, per second vibration 4.9 * 10 under the 2450MHz frequency
9Inferior, per second vibration 8.3 * 10 under the 915MHz frequency
8Inferior, not only produced heat, impel temperature to raise, and increased the mutual collision of material, strengthened the carrying out of reaction, pyrite is transformed into pyrrhotite, it is chemically than more responsiveness of pyrite, equally, arsenopyrite is transformed into pyrrhotite and arsenic, platinum, precious metal elements such as palladium will dissociate out from mineral substrate with arsenic and sulphur, and material molecule is in Action of Superhigh Frequency Vibration, rotation, under friction and the impact effect, integument is with attenuate or break, because microwave heating has selectivity, most of sulfide and some oxide compounds can absorb microwave in a large number simultaneously, temperature of charge can rise to several Baidu even thousands of degree (relevant with inventory with power) behind the several minutes, and gangue mineral does not absorb or seldom absorb microwave, and the characteristic of this selectivity heating and rapid heating can make the interface of mineral facies different stress and strains take place and explosion takes place, thereby cause producing between metal particle and the gangue or breeding crackle, or the expansion of intergranular seam is broadened, and tear integument, expose unsalted surface.For by the ore that exposes unsalted surface that obtains after the microwave treatment, carry out operations such as traditional wet method leaching, separation, recovery again and just obtain precious metals such as platinum, palladium.From the above mentioned as can be known, exposed unsalted surface helps leaching agent in follow-up wet method leaching process immersion by the platinum after the microwave treatment, palladium concentrate, the liquid-solid reaction between reinforced leaching agent and the precious metal is accelerated leaching process, shorten extraction time, improve leaching yield.Accompanying drawing and description of drawings: Fig. 1: be pyrometallurgical smelting, pressure leaching process schematic flow sheet; Fig. 2: be low grade ore pyrometallurgical smelting, electrolysis process schematic flow sheet; Fig. 3: be Microwave Pretreatment----wet method extract technology schematic flow sheet; Fig. 4: be Microwave Pretreatment system works synoptic diagram; Wherein: 1 is high-power microwave source; 2 is high-power circulator; 3 is the pin tuner; 4 are waveguide; 5 are microwave multimode reaction chamber (being body of heater).In sum, advantage or positively effect that the present invention has are: 1) microwave heating is based on the dielectric loss heating of material itself, in whole device, has only sample itself to be in the high temperature, rest part still is in the normal temperature cold conditions, so the compact construction of whole device, floor space are little.When sintering, furnace wall temperature only exceeds 20～30 ℃ than room temperature, adds no dust, noise, and smog is little, can improve workman's labor condition greatly, reduces labour intensity, and great social benefit is arranged.。2) have heating and the sintering velocity that is exceedingly fast.Under the micro-wave energy effect, material molecule generation Action of Superhigh Frequency Vibration, per second vibration 4.9 * 10 under the 2450MHz frequency
9Inferior, per second vibration 8.3 * 10 under the 915MHz frequency
8Inferior, not only produced heat, impel temperature to raise, and increased the mutual collision of material, strengthened the carrying out of reaction.Thereby increase substantially productivity.3) inside and outside consistent the heating, thereby reduced the heat conducting time significantly, can avoid " the cold " center " phenomenon in the traditional heating mode.4) selectivity heating, most of sulfide and some oxide compounds can absorb microwave in a large number, temperature of charge can rise to several Baidu even thousands of degree (relevant with inventory with power) behind the several minutes, and gangue mineral does not absorb or seldom absorb microwave, the characteristic of this selectivity heating and rapid heating, can make the interface of mineral facies different stress and strains take place and explosion takes place, thereby cause producing between metal particle and the gangue or breeding crackle, or the expansion of intergranular seam is broadened, tear integument, expose unsalted surface, thereby in follow-up wet method leaching process, helping the infiltration of leaching agent, the liquid-solid reaction between reinforced leaching agent and the precious metal is accelerated leaching process, shorten extraction time, improve leaching yield.Experimental result shows: leaching yield is about 30%～40% after the traditional method roasting, and with leaching yield after the microwave method roasting up to more than 90%.5) energy-efficient: micro-wave energy converts the efficient of heat energy to, be generally 80%～90%, compole is short during microwave sintering in addition, and the closure of microwave power, perviousness and the instantaneity that is converted into heat to material, the energy-conservation basic characteristics of microwave heating have been constituted, microwave heating has reduced the time of traditional method heat transfer process, it is the equally distributed time of temperature, thereby significantly reduced thermosteresis to environment, can expect to cut down the consumption of energy greatly energy-conservation reaching about 50% with it thereby cut down the consumption of energy.Thereby running cost is low.6) generation of micro-wave energy and close almost noninertia is easy to control, and is safe and reliable.Easily be automated and work continuously.Embodiment: the high-power microwave source among the present invention can adopt advanced HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES magnetron CK-611 rate of doing work source, by the microwave transmission system of forming by high-power circulator, pin tuner and waveguide the high-grade platinum palladium concentrate in the microwave multimode reaction chamber (being body of heater) is carried out heat treated, and then after carrying out operations such as traditional wet method leaching, separation, recovery, just obtain platinum, palladium precious metal.If set up production line with this technology, by 10 tons of calculating of every production line day treatment of Pt-Pd concentrate, every year, but the treatment of Pt-Pd concentrate was 3000 tons, higher-grade platinum palladium concentrate platiniferous+palladium 70 grams per ton all calculate by 95% as if leaching yield, the rate of recovery, and can refine platinum+palladium every year: 3000 tons * 70 gram/tons * 95% * 95%=189525 gram, the industrial composite price of platinum+palladium is calculated by 140 yuan/gram,=26,533,500 yuans of 140 yuan/gram of the year wound output value * 189525 grams.The output of secondary platinum metals osmium, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium is about 1/10 of platinum+palladium, is about 20000 grams, and industrial composite price is calculated by 200 yuan/gram ,=4,000,000 yuan of year 200 yuan/gram of the wound output value * 20000 gram.In addition, but every year save energy more than 500,000 yuans.
Claims (3)
1. a Microwave Pretreatment technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore is characterized in that: the microwave of high-power microwave source is carried out pre-treatment by microwave transmission system to the coated composite platinum-palladium ore in the microwave multimode reaction chamber; Make mineral take place to change mutually, dissociate, crack, tear integument, improve the leaching performance of mineral.
2. a kind of Microwave Pretreatment technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the frequency of described high-power microwave source is 2450MHz or 915MHz;
3. a kind of Microwave Pretreatment technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described microwave transmission system is to be made of high-power circulator, pin tuner, waveguide.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 99114716 CN1267738A (en) | 1999-03-18 | 1999-03-18 | Pretreatment microwave technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore |
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| CN 99114716 CN1267738A (en) | 1999-03-18 | 1999-03-18 | Pretreatment microwave technology for coated composite platinum-palladium ore |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102345021A (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2012-02-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering germanium from germanium smoke dust by microwave pretreatment |
| CN104388682A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 东北大学 | Method for carrying out strengthening treatment on copper anode mud through direct microwave irradiation |
| CN104596294A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | Platinum and palladium concentrate roasting device |
| CN106702155A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 东北大学 | Method for improving bacterial oxidation efficiency of high-sulfur refractory gold ores through low-power-consumption microwave activation |
| CN117051252A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-14 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering nickel, copper, cobalt, gold, silver, platinum and palladium noble metals from platinum and palladium concentrate |
-
1999
- 1999-03-18 CN CN 99114716 patent/CN1267738A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102345021A (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2012-02-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering germanium from germanium smoke dust by microwave pretreatment |
| CN102345021B (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2014-02-12 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering germanium from germanium smoke dust by microwave pretreatment |
| CN104388682A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 东北大学 | Method for carrying out strengthening treatment on copper anode mud through direct microwave irradiation |
| CN104388682B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2017-01-04 | 东北大学 | A kind of method of microwave direct irradiation intensive treatment copper anode mud |
| CN104596294A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | Platinum and palladium concentrate roasting device |
| CN104596294B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2016-06-01 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | A kind of Pt Pd concentrate calciner |
| CN106702155A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 东北大学 | Method for improving bacterial oxidation efficiency of high-sulfur refractory gold ores through low-power-consumption microwave activation |
| CN106702155B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-05-29 | 东北大学 | The method that low-power consumption microwave activation high-sulfur difficult-treating gold mine improves bacterial oxidation efficiency |
| CN117051252A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-14 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering nickel, copper, cobalt, gold, silver, platinum and palladium noble metals from platinum and palladium concentrate |
| CN117051252B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-29 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for separating and recovering nickel, copper, cobalt, gold, silver, platinum and palladium noble metals from platinum and palladium concentrate |
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