CN1265551A - Character definition enhancing method for low-resolution video equipment - Google Patents
Character definition enhancing method for low-resolution video equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The character definition enhancing method is that by considering the dot color of each character, the background near each character is designed in the transition color similar to that of the character so as toform one transition color frame around the character. By means of software treatment and conversion to displayed characters, the present invention can enhance the definition of small characters displayed in the screen of analog TV set and is especially suitable for enhancing the definition of test characters in low-resolution TV set when a TV top box is used in online.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method that on low-resolution video equipment, strengthens character definition.
Cable television network and the Internet are compatible fully, can insert mutually through simple the transformation, and the telephone wire that uses during than the most of terminal use's access network of China's current has wideer signal passband, can improve the transmission speed of network data greatly.But the internet information based on computer technology is digital multi-media signal, and is analog vision signal based on the television broadcasting information of traditional TV tech.The present tolerance index of digital video and analog video display quality, because historical reasons and custom be and inconsistent, the display quality index of digital video is color figure place, spot diameter and ranks dot matrix number, the analog video display quality is taken as tv line.Resolution as the most general computer display VGA pattern is 640 * 480, the resolution of analog video display device then difference is bigger, the definition resolution of the video-frequency monitor of broadcasting-quality level is the 600-800 tv line, the definition of the video-frequency monitor of professional quality level and high-definition TV receiver picture tube is the 550-600 tv line, is equivalent to the resolution of computer display VGA pattern approximately.Then mainly consider to reduce cost for the normal domestic video reception apparatus, so the definition that general domestic TV receives picture tube is no more than 500 lines, the definition of the low-grade television set that has even less than 350 lines.With respect to computer display, the clear display degree of current normal domestic simulated television receiver is lower really.
Analysis according to brainstrust, tens thousand of of transmission, the producing devices of the existing simulated television emitter of China, difference rotary device and other anolog TV signals, more than 300,000,000 in common simulation television receiver will be televised China whole and the reception system changes the time that the digital TV system needs 10-15 at least that becomes.Under the situation that the digital-code type TV is not also popularized, utilize the existing simulated television display network digital information of having popularized to become economically viable scheme naturally, can arise at the historic moment for simulated television provides the set-top box that is connected with network.Set-top box is actually a kind of dedicated network computer of having simplified, and it can be by cable TV network and Internet connection, receive the digital information of the Internet, and the analog signal that digital information is transformed into common TV shows on analog television set; And can utilize the set-top box keyboard special or import Chinese information through the equipment of transforming such as TV remote controller and be sent in the network, carry out Video-on-demand, send Email and online browsing etc., realize exchange with internet information.Adopt this Internet-set-top box-simulated television technical system, will become that the average family internet usage enters the information age, realization information and cybertimes life style most economical, the most feasible technical scheme.
Picture reproducing information just needs the details that clearly picture reproducing had truly.The judgement of definition has the numerical standard of specialty, but the mental impression of readability understanding is the most common and the most basic standard.In order to observe and to be familiar with the continuous motion picture, the disposal ability of human eye and human brain must effectively be distributed on time and space, because concentrate (being concentrating of human brain disposal ability) and the human eye vision of attentiveness persist the influence of effect, often can only extract motion or the form of distortion and the variation in high brightness color zone of moving object integral body, usually may ignore or have no time to attend to the true of the object shadow color-grading that causes owing to change in location, the various details of clear image degree such as the clear and background object view variation on silhouette edge edge, and the picture that the display circuit quality of television set own causes is beated, problems such as scanning line bending.And for still frame, attentiveness only needs spatially to distribute, and people just may be to the in addition bigger attentions of the various details of picture and comparatively like a cork the object that reproduces picture and the details of environment differentiated.When watching traditional analog TV programme, television set generally shows continuous moving frame, and when surfing the Net by set-top box and television set, content displayed is to be the info web of principal mode with the still frame.Than TV programme, people also can reduce greatly to the mental impression understanding of television set webpage image sharpness, easy uncared-for details in the moving frame, and it is obvious especially to become on still frame.Popularize by set-top box-TV online, must consider to improve the definition that video screen shows.
When using the set-top box online, what set-top box received from network generally is the html format fileinfo, comprise image (still image or the animated image that comprise various forms) information in the file, vector graphics information, alphabetic character, format character information and audio-frequency information, behind the set box browser interpretation of programs, in the display buffer of set-top box, generate corresponding bitmap, the television video translation circuit of set-top box inside or other TV demonstration digital-to-analogue conversion hardware are sampled and digital-to-analogue conversion to the cached bitmap data, the analog video modulation signal that is generated as corresponding television system is sent into simulated television video amplifying circuit, by the display circuit decoding processing of television set, amplify back display networks on television screen.Because the distinguishable rate degree of TV kinescope is far below the resolution of the webpage bitmap of standard, therefore need extract by the interval data cached when scanning in the sampling of digital-to-analogue conversion stage, this will further be reduced in the definition of the image that shows on the television screen again.According to the requirement difference that shows, the digiverter sampling algorithm may be different with the hardware circuit design, and the abstracting method of data also may be different, but through after such processing, all can reduce data cached display resolution.
Different with TV programme, be the small characters text message in a large number in the info web of network.The display resolution of definition, particularly small characters that character shows is a key problem in technology of realizing the Internet-set-top box-simulated television technical scheme.The set-top box of current release adopts the above large print of 28 * 28 dot matrix mostly or shows on digital television or high definition TV, could accomplish basically like this to read the network information.On set-top box-television set, show to be that computer is when browsing the webpage that designs originally, because set-top box has been used large print, the character information amount that one screen shows will reduce, respective change also can take place in form, causes internet information service provider to consider to prepare to design and produce to aim at the special web page that set-top box is browsed.Also can browse the webpage of making into Computer Design for making the set-top box mode, unified webpage format and universal set-top box-simulated television machine technology, the Internet-set-top box one simulated television technical scheme will at first solve and cause character to show the technical problem that colourity changes and definition reduces.
In small characters (as the dot matrix of Chinese character in 16 * 16-20 * 20) character pattern lattice, the width that constitutes the character font stroke has only a luminous point usually.The desired frequency range of pulse signal of a luminous point of transmitting and displaying has surpassed the passband of general television set mostly.If getting the most common VGA mode display is example, a colored points that shows on the computer display with respect to background color can be reduced to relative three primary colors R, G, three of B are just jumping or negative rectangular pulse of jumping, pulse height is rgb value poor of colored points rgb value and background.The passband width of the pulse of a colored points that shows on juice calculation machine display is greater than 10.35M, but when showing by traditional television video passage, this frequency range has surpassed the passband width of the 6M of general analogue signal television set internal wiring design.The signal high fdrequency component that exceeds passband will be attenuated, and HFS signal voltage value, waveform and phase angle will change, and synthetic reproduction simulated television chroma video, the signal voltage value of brightness and waveform and phase angle will distort.The variation of colourity magnitude of voltage and waveform causes colourity and the brightness that can not correctly reproduce original signal, causes the variation of aberration.The variation of phase angle will cause the variation of chromatic dispersion and display position, if when scanning each time, the variation instability of phase angle will cause the flicker of screen display character.The voltage of vision signal is proportional to the colourity and the brightness of colored points, when the character of high brightness and high saturation and background, the fuzzy and scintillation of chromatic dispersion usually occurs showing for this reason.
So except that the different caused display resolutions with common simulation TV kinescope display resolution of computer display were different, the pass band of the video line of general analogue signal television set was spent narrow, also is one of major reason that influences display quality.
In view of above-mentioned, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that strengthens the video character display resolution, it is at the Internet-set-top box-simulated television system, be prerequisite not change the relevant hardware device that uses, by the character video data being carried out the processing and the conversion of software level, improve the definition that small characters shows on the simulated television screen.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Enhancement Method of the low-resolution video equipment character definition that in the Internet-set-top box-analog video receiving equipment system, uses, its process is:
Investigate the dot matrix color of each character received, for each background dot of character point next-door neighbour, its color is arranged to the transition color approaching with the color of character point, make it to become the transition color dot, thereby around character point, form an intermediate color frame.
For with transition color dot next-door neighbour's background dot, its color is arranged to the transition color approaching with background color.
For around surrounded by character point or both sides by the background dot of character point clamping, its color is arranged to brightness and the lower transition color of colourity than background color.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. because the intermediate color luminous point that increases can make the pulse duration broadening of former character light spot signal, promptly compressed the passband width of character luminous point data, thereby can adapt to the narrower situation of simulated television video line passband width, thereby can reduce vision signal distortion, avoid aberration and flicker, the display resolution of raising small characters on television screen;
2. because the intermediate color luminous point that increases, thereby can the distortion that produce in the vision signal modulation sampling be compensated, fall the phenomenon of point, breakpoint or character chroma offset when having avoided character to show;
3. because the width widen of signal pulse has promptly been compressed the frequency band of vision signal, thereby reduced the transmission distortion of vision signal in the television video passage, improved the condition and the transmission quality of video signal transmission.
Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is font coloured light point and corresponding rectangular pulse waveform figure;
Fig. 2 is font coloured light point, intermediate color luminous point and three corresponding step pulse oscillograms;
Fig. 3 is font coloured light point, intermediate color luminous point and five corresponding step pulse oscillograms;
Fig. 4 is the spectral distribution curve of rectangle and step pulse;
Fig. 5 is for increasing the character pattern lattice image of an intermediate color luminous point;
Fig. 6 represents the intensive locational special processing design sketch of character pattern.
The present invention is a kind of low resolution of using in internet-STB-analog video receiving equipment system The Enhancement Method of video equipment character definition. At first, we understand the image repetition look of simulated television Degree territory and colourity JND.
Picture tube is the reproduced image device, and it mainly is made up of electron gun and fluorescent screen. The electricity that gun cathode sends The son bundle is subjected to the deflection field effect and shields with the high speed impact fluorescence according to certain rules. Scribble layer of fluorescent powder on the fluorescent screen, It under the impact of electronics received energy, activate luminously, luminous intensity is proportional to the entrained energy of electron beam. Owing to unavoidably can produce " white noise " effect in the photovoltaic energy conversion process, color phosphor is exciting coloured silk In the time of coloured light, the noise white light of generation can be synthetic with colourama, thereby reduced the saturation degree of colourama. Theoretical Proof, the color frequency that the picture tube mode produces can not comprise whole spectrum of visible light, has lost high saturation The spectrum segment of natural daylight, developing colourity have only occupied a delta of the colourity ligulate track inside of XYZ chromaticity diagram The territory. That is to say that picture tube can not reproduce the in riotous profusion bright natural colour world fully truly.
On XYZ chromaticity diagram, color is the continuous gradation transition. Chromaticity coordinate is to one party to a little mobile, face Sudden change can't appear in look. It also is limited that human eye is differentiated the change color ability, and becomes with color category and variation thereof The difference of gesture and different. Can judge that the colour difference that color changes becomes apart from being defined as the aberration differentiation to human eye Difference be abbreviated as JND (Just-Noticeable Difference), and human eye can not be differentiated the district that color changes The territory such as is called at the aberration territory. According to the experiment that whole gamut of coloration is done, waiting the aberration territory is one at XYZ chromaticity diagram Individual elliptic region, if namely chromaticity coordinate is mobile in an elliptic region, human eye is whether to differentiate color Change.
According to the colorimetry principle, can draw such conclusion: colourity signal value or waveform are carried out certain limit Transform and adjust, the colourity that can not affect signal is reproduced.
According to Principle of Signal Transmission, can draw such conclusion: change the waveform of signal, can change signal The frequency bandwidth of frequency characteristic and transmission.
According to above two conclusions, the present invention has adopted the method that increases the transition color dot around character point, changes Make the colorful digital impulse waveform, the transmission band of compression television machine vision signal improves at the common simulation television screen The definition that small characters shows on the curtain. Put it briefly and be exactly: investigate the dot matrix color of each character that receives, For with each background dot of character point next-door neighbour, its color is arranged to the transition color that the color with character point approaches, Make it to become the transition color dot, thereby around character point, form an intermediate color frame. Intermediate color is both selected and font The color of point is relevant, also relevant with background color.
See also Fig. 1, independent colored points can be thought a rectangular signal pulse, white expression font luminous point among the figure, and black is represented the bias light point.By the principle of three primary colours, any color can use R (red), G (green), B (indigo plant) three primary colors to synthesize.The colored rectangles signal pulse is decomposed into three respectively by the rectangular pulse of R, G, B value representation, if the right and left at luminous point adds two intermediate color luminous points near font luminous point color, as shown in Figure 2, here white and the black with equivalent RGB is example, and the light spot signal pulse has become the step pulse of three times of width of former pulse.White among the figure is represented the font luminous point, and Dark grey is represented the intermediate color luminous point, and black is represented the bias light point.
See also Fig. 3.If both sides at two intermediate color luminous points, the right of intermediate color luminous point promptly, the left side of left side intermediate color luminous point, add another intermediate color luminous point near background color, or say for intermediate color luminous point next-door neighbour's background dot, its color is arranged to the transition color approaching with the color of background, and like this, the light spot signal pulse has just become the step pulse of five times of width of former pulse.The increase of luminous point pulse duration has reduced the frequency of colored points R, G, B color separation pulse.
The selection of intermediate color is according to being: to show that television video passage passband width is a condition, by spectrum analysis to the color separation step pulse, calculate the primary color component of each intermediate color R, G, B color separation step pulse, the primary color component with three color separation step pulses synthesizes the transition color again.Through such conversion, the passband width that the colored points transfer of data is needed can be compressed in the scope of undistorted frequency band of simulated television video amplifying circuit regulation, can reduce the distortion of vision signal, avoid aberration and flicker, improve the display resolution of small characters at television screen.
Fig. 4 has represented rectangular pulse, three step pulses and five step pulses are carried out the various pulse frequency spectrum distribution curves that obtain after spectrum analysis is calculated.Trunnion axis is represented frequency, and vertical axis is the ratio of this frequency, and dashed curve, fine rule curve, bold line curve are respectively the spectral distribution curves of rectangular pulse, three step pulses, five step pulses.According to the passband definition of signal, first intersection point of spectral distribution curve and trunnion axis is the passband upper limit (being limited to 0 frequency down) of this signal.As can be seen from the figure, the passband width of the pulse signal that the process staircase is handled reduces gradually, and the frequency integrator of signal in the passband width, promptly the area between first intersection point the right trunnion axis and the curve rises gradually.The ratio of this area and whole area, having represented can be by the frequency proportions of television set horizontal channel linear amplification, and ratio is big more, and distortion is more little, and display effect is also just good more.Frequency bandwidth digital value among the figure after the legend of the upper right corner is under the standard VGA display mode, the numerical value of the passband width that the rectangular pulse of a luminous point and this pulse carried out calculates after three step conversion and five step conversion.
Fig. 5 has represented through after increasing an intermediate color luminous point, the example of character pattern lattice image.The left side be 16 * 16 dot matrix " in " image of word, the right is through having increased the image after an intermediate color (light gray) conversion.Intermediate color calculates by the spectrum analysis of Fig. 4 and following explanation and determines, in this example, because the font color is high bright spot white RGB=0X0FFF (getting 24 RGB is example), background is black RGB=0X0000, for keeping passband in the 4M scope, by calculating, intermediate color should be 65% of font look, and promptly the intermediate color value is RGB=0X0AAA.
As will being arranged to the transition color approaching with the color of intermediate color luminous point next-door neighbour's background dot again, just the further passband of compressed video signal with the color of background.
By increasing the method for intermediate color luminous point, passband that not only can compressed video signal can also compensate extracting the defective that sampling causes.The rgb value digital picture need be modulated to analog video signal and could show on television set.When carrying out digital-to-analogue conversion, need sample to the computer picture data.Because the level of computer picture data and horizontal resolution (being TV kinescope planar mask unthreaded hole columns) and the vertical resolution (being number of scanning lines) that vertical resolution all is higher than the common simulation television set.When scan image data, modulated television signal, can not be to the raw column data of image by row by the row sequential sampling, extract the RGB numerical value of adjacent two row or two row corresponding points and jump by certain mode.The method that extracts generally is simply to extract or get the weighted average of respective point and consecutive points RGB numerical value.No matter be, increased the intermediate color luminous point, can both improve the effect of sampling for simple extraction or weighted average method.To simple abstracting method, if there is not the intermediate color luminous point, during interval sampling, if skip character point, and the corresponding points (respective column scanning) of the point (for line scanning) on character point next door or next line are when being background colour, the rgb value that extracts is the color of background, and character shows and will occur falling a little or the phenomenon of breakpoint; The intermediate color luminous point has been arranged, even jump sampling on character point, the point on next door or the corresponding points of next line also are the intermediate colors near character color, and the rgb value of Chou Quing can not be the color of background like this, but near the intermediate color of font color, character shows just have been avoided a little or the breakpoint phenomenon.To the weighted average algorithm, if there is not the intermediate color luminous point, the rgb value of extraction is the weighted average of font RGB and background RGB color value.Because font color and background color can freely be set when webpage design, generally in order to make web page text eye-catching, no matter textcolor and the background color selected are that colourity, brightness and saturation gap are bigger, the result of sampling back average computation very likely becomes and text and the irrelevant color of background color, the character chroma offset occurs after showing on the screen.Particularly during the Chinese display text message, because Chinese character has more complicated structure than other characters such as English digitals, with the combination and variation fierceness of vertical direction character pattern lattice, colorful Chinese character demonstration usually can appear in the horizontal direction; And the intermediate color luminous point has been arranged, when weighted average is sampled, need take the rgb value of consecutive points, even so sampled point is the transition color dot, the colourity numerical value of character point can be taken, and is used for average computation, result calculated has comprised the color of character point, has avoided the colourity too great deviations.
By increasing the method for intermediate color luminous point, can improve the readability that web page text shows on simulated television.But in some cases, character pattern close quarters particularly, intermediate color is overlapped, may cause character to show that stroke links to each other or the shaped as frame inside configuration does not have font such as background colour demonstration and shows the alligatoring problem.In order to reach better character display effect, carrying out intermediate color when handling, can decide different processing methods and change the selection of intermediate color brightness, colourity according to character pattern lattice density degree and distribution situation.Two parallel strokes of having only a space background in the middle of for example, if change the background colour between two strokes near the font color intermediate color, two strokes link to each other easily and show and become the stroke that width increases, and make the character display distortion.At this moment need to be adjusted into intermediate color or selection near background colour help clear demonstration other transition color.Also have a large amount of little shape sealing shaped as frame stroke structures in the Chinese character, this is the key that influences small characters clear display degree.Particularly when the background colour of the font look of having selected high brightness for use and low-light level, even do not add intermediate color, because electron beam bombarding energy on these character points is higher, energy dissipation makes consecutive points also related luminous, the hollow background parts forms what is called " hot-zone " in the frame, and background color also can be near character color, and it is fuzzy to cause mount structure to show, if do not add the intermediate color near character color in frame, the shaped as frame structure will be shown as color lump with making any distinction between.In this case, should change the background color of these points, select than the lower color of background colour brightness and colourity to realize " hot-zone cooling ", could more clearly show little mount structure as intermediate color.That is to say, for around surrounded by character point or both sides by the background dot of character point clamping, its color can be arranged to brightness and the lower transition color of colourity than background color.
Fig. 6 has shown that the left side is undressed font image through the thin portion of the Chinese character dot matrix of this special processing, and the right is the image that has carried out three step pulse conversion and part " hot-zone cooling " processing.As can be seen from the figure, because mount structure only has a background luminous point, and adjacent eight luminous points all are the character point of high brightness, and when showing on television set, the top sphere of movements for the elephants can be linked to be a square color lump, can't show the details of font.After treatment, compare, reduced the brightness and the colourity of left image shaped as frame inside configuration background luminous point, make the easy interpretation of top sphere of movements for the elephants with background colour.
Claims (3)
1. the Enhancement Method of a low-resolution video equipment character definition that in the Internet-set-top box-analog video receiving equipment system, uses, its process is: the dot matrix color of investigating each character that is received, for with each background dot of character point next-door neighbour, its color is arranged to the transition color approaching with the color of character point, make it to become the transition color dot, thereby around character point, form an intermediate color frame.
2. the Enhancement Method of low-resolution video equipment character definition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: for transition color dot next-door neighbour's background dot, its color is arranged to the transition color approaching with background color.
3. the Enhancement Method of low-resolution video equipment character definition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: for around surrounded by character point or both sides by the background dot of character point clamping, its color is arranged to brightness and the lower transition color of colourity than background color.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105426810A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-23 | 株式会社东芝 | Information processing apparatus and image modification method |
| CN106168948A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-11-30 | 苏州绿豆豆软件科技有限公司 | A kind of method and system showing html web page data |
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2000
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105426810A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-23 | 株式会社东芝 | Information processing apparatus and image modification method |
| CN105426810B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2019-01-18 | 株式会社东芝 | Information processing apparatus and image modification method |
| CN106168948A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-11-30 | 苏州绿豆豆软件科技有限公司 | A kind of method and system showing html web page data |
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