CN1264106C - Method for accessing database system uniformly - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for uniformly accessing database systems with high efficiency, which has the steps of creating a database connection pool, classifying base calling interfaces of each data base system according to functions, encapsulating the base calling interfaces according to the classification, setting the encapsulated uniform database interfaces into a dynamic library, and executing read or write access by databases. Because the encapsulated interfaces used in the method of the present invention are the base calling interfaces with the highest efficiency of each data base system, practical tests show that the efficiency is 20% to 30% as high as that of the method using ODBC technology, and the access speed of the databases is increased so as to greatly increase the processing capacity of the systems; because the base interfaces of various database systems are encapsulated, the present invention can be applied to different commercial database systems only by needing simple configuration without modifying source codes and recompilation so as to improve the interconnection performance and the intercommunication performance of the systems, greatly reduce the cost of development and maintenance, and also extremely improve the stability of the systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to database field, specifically, relate to the method for utilizing the various distinct type data-bases of unified database interface accessing.
Background technology
Along with the continuous progress of database technology, all trades and professions are in order to increase work efficiency and service level, and the application of database also more and more widely.Such as fields such as communication, financial instrument, water supply, power supply, Meteorological Services, introduced national unified service number after, increasing to the dependence of Database Systems.
But because the Database Systems of various places are not to start simultaneously, the specification standard has nothing in common with each other; Even also make a lot of variety in the different regions of same system, database accessing method also is not quite similar.This state has greatly influenced the normal coordinate operation of entire database system, and work efficiency is low, when serious, even causes the paralysis of entire database system.
What is particularly worth mentioning is that, because mobile communication technology is ripe day by day, bring various value-added services constantly to expand, wherein particularly noticeable short message increases rapidly, annual short message service amount has reached tens billion of, causing numerous operators falls over each other to drop into, in short-message system, adaptable commercial data base has multiple, ORACLE database as Oracle, the SYBASE database of U.S. Sai Beisi company, and DB2, SQLServer or the like, each database all provides one or more to develop the DLL (dynamic link library) of database application efficiently, as the OCI (Oracle Call Interface, promptly ORACLE calls layer interface) of ORACLE, the DB LIB of SYBASE or CT LIB, the DB Library of the CLI of INFORMIX and SQL Server etc., these DLL (dynamic link library) can make things convenient for the developer that program design is carried out in the application of database, and operation control is more flexible, develops the high database application method of access efficiency.But, because database application interface and using method difference that each commercial data base system provides are very big, if the database of short-message system is transplanted to another kind of Database Systems (as the OCI of ORACLE) from a kind of Database Systems (as the DB Library of SYBASE), then must rewrite and be provided with, again debugging, the cost of paying is quite big.In order to overcome this shortcoming, ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) the standard interface technology that Microsoft releases can be visited the data of different types storehouse, but actual measurement shows, efficient by the ODBC accessing database has greatly reduced the processing power of system than the low 20%--30% of efficient that directly calls the database application interface that each commercial data base system provides.Because short-message system requires very high to the real-time of database access, therefore, a kind of general data bank access method must be sought, only simple configuration need be done, and needn't make a new start, just efficient that can be high conducts interviews to different commercial data base systems.
At present, do not retrieve the open source literature of discussing and addressing the above problem as yet.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of method of unified efficiently accessing database system, and the present invention is by calling the uniform data bank interface, but various Database Systems of efficient access just.
The implementation method of uniform data bank interface of the present invention mainly is that bottom calling interface with each Database Systems is (as the OCI of ORACLE, the DB LIB of SYBASE or CT LIB, the DB Library of the CLI of INFORMIX and SQLServer etc.) the identical interface of function encapsulates, for short-message system provides unified visit data bank interface and call method thereof, it is characterized in that:
1. establishment database connection pool;
2. the bottom calling interface of each Database Systems is classified by function;
3. according to classification, the packaging bottom layer calling interface;
4. packaged uniform data bank interface is made dynamic base;
5. read or write visit by database.
Compared with prior art, the method of the invention is because packaged interface is the calling interface of bottom the most efficiently of each Database Systems, actual measurement shows, efficiency ratio adopts the ODBC technology to exceed 20% ~ 30%, improve access of database speed, and then greatly improved the processing power of system; Owing to encapsulated the physical layer interface of several data storehouse system, therefore, only need do simple configuration, and do not need to revise source code, need not recompilate yet, can directly be applied in the different commercial data base systems, improve the interconnection and interflow performance of system, greatly reduce the cost of exploitation and maintenance, also greatly improved the stability of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a unified database interface structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the method flow synoptic diagram that the present invention unifies the accessing database system;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention unifies the embodiment of accessing database system applies at short-message system, realizes the method flow diagram in write data storehouse;
Fig. 4 is another embodiment that the present invention unifies the accessing database system, realizes the method flow diagram in read data storehouse.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the method for unified accessing database of the present invention system is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the unified database interface structure synoptic diagram of short-message system, be limited to length, this figure has only drawn structure that two kinds of databases of DB LIB to the OCI of ORACLE and SYBASE encapsulate as signal, in order to narrate conveniently, below all narrate with the example that is encapsulated as to these two kinds of databases, as for the application of more other types database, those of ordinary skill in the art can realize purpose of the present invention and effect equally understanding on the basis of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, usually, application program should initiatively be initiated the connection to database server, and safeguards the validity of this connection, when application program finishes, stops this database and connects till.But because there is the concurrent connection number restriction in some Database Systems, and the process that is connected to database server is not all to need operating database constantly, and the unevenness that has the database load, therefore, the present invention has adopted the connection pool technology to improve the data base manipulation efficient of application system.
So-called connection pool, refer to that application program is before using database, according to system resource and business demand, unified several target databases of setting up connect, and put into a Buffer Pool and carry out unified management, connect distribution, recovery and release that validity, database connects and resource concurrence control or the like work as system initialization, thread-safe control, the service battery of data library call.Consider that shared data bank connect to cross over the difficulty of processing border, all be confined to the plurality of sub process of a process inside or the realization scope of sub-thread about the discussion of connection pool.
The connection pool of uniform data bank interface is actually the shared resource that can use between the different threads in same process.Because this resource needs unified management and distribution, therefore, must have special thread to be responsible for the foundation of this connection pool, manages and cancels.Simultaneously, because application program may used on the connection pool whether problem selectively, therefore, the external interface that connection pool provides should be consistent when not using the connection pool option.Consider top two, can support the connection pool function in the following way:
Be unified visit data bank interface, described connection pool provides a kind of initialize mode option, when this option is set up in application, then creates the connection pool management thread when initialization data library call interface environment.Behind this thread creation, initialization connection pool buffer zone waits for having to connect adding in this pond that connecting the number that adds can specify in connectivity option.After connecting adding, determine according to connectivity option whether this connection distributes or maintenance immediately.The Service name of this connection, username and password all will be held in connection pool, call once more when obtaining corresponding the connection when application program, and corresponding connection will be assigned with in the connection pool.
After connection pool is set up, the validity that management thread should connect quantitative check, and find and remove the unusual seizure condition that connects; Further also can add up the use that database connects.
When application program stops,, finish the release that all databases connect by this management thread by message or this connection pool management thread of signalisation.
In distribution that connects and removal process, what need consideration is how to realize connecting safe handling at each cross-thread.Because same being connected can't be expected by the consequence of a plurality of thread accesses simultaneously, must guarantee that connection of synchronization can only be by a thread or process use.In order to reach this purpose, at first, the critical section is set on connection pool, any must entering in the critical section the application that connects in the connection pool could be obtained database connection resource from connection pool; Secondly, any one connection must be followed has only the principle that could and can only be assigned with once after connection is released, this is provided with the service marking of connection, and when connection was assigned with, this flag set was reset during release.
In order to prevent that this connection from being taken by ultra-long time, each the overtime of release of applying on connecting, each is set, be 0 if this is set overtime, show that thread need forever take this connection.Otherwise when this overtime arrival, the connection management process will be interrupted this thread by force, discharge this connection.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, method of the present invention can be divided into following step:
1. establishment database connection pool;
2. the bottom calling interface of each Database Systems is classified by function;
3. according to classification, the packaging bottom layer calling interface;
4. packaged uniform data bank interface is made dynamic base;
5. read or write visit by dynamic base.。
Bottom calling interface to each Database Systems of the present invention is classified by function, and promptly the bottom calling interface API to various Database Systems classifies by function, mainly is divided into following a few class:
1. create also initialization and call layer interface (CLI) environment;
2. apply for handle and data structure;
3. create database and connect, set up session;
4. create Database error and handle routine;
5. prepare and carry out SQL statement;
6. to carrying out the SQL statement of inquiry, handle the result set that retrieves;
7. disconnect session and be connected;
8. releasing handle and data structure discharge and call layer interface (CLI) environmental resource.
Because data type that the certain database system supports and the conversion between each data type exist than big difference, therefore, the present invention supports following data type: fixed length character type, elongated character type, little integer, short shaping, integer, floating type, fixed length binary type, the variable length binary type, date type etc.
Divide two kinds of outside data type and internal data types in the present invention.So-called external data type refers to the data type that can use by the uniform data bank interface in program.And internal data type refers to the data type of DBMS internal support and realization.By unified database interface operation database data the time, must finish the conversion of data between internal data type and external data type.The external data type is the data type of unified database interface definition, in the basic data type definition that owner's machine language is supported, can directly use in application program.The unified database interface definition type conversion sign indicating number grand, the data rows that expression is read is transformed into the data type in the output variable.Guarantee the output variable buffer zone enough greatly and data type conversion correctly be the responsibility of application program.
Use the method for the above-mentioned introduction of the present invention, next just can carry out read-write operation at various disparate databases easily.
The following describes the implementation procedure of unified database interface method of the present invention in the specific embodiment of SYBASE and ORACLE.
Among the ORACLE OCI, carry out a database manipulation and need following information: the OCI environment, server info, fault processing, carry out the context environmental of database manipulation, after above-mentioned information is complete, the user must begin database session one time, in this session, the user can selectively begin affairs one time, organize SQL statement then one time, by the SQL statement that execution is organized, the ORACLE server returns the data that need, then, for SELECT class SQL statement, the user must can bind it in the output variable according to the data rows of returning, SQL statement for other no datat are returned only need simply return success or the result that makes mistakes.For error result, give the user by the fault processing function and handle; Data manipulation finishes, and the user is according to the operation of front, and whether decision is submitted to or the current affairs of rollback.When the user did not have affairs of explicit beginning, uniform data bank interface implicit expression began affairs, and submitted to when each database manipulation is successful.
Particularly, Fig. 3 is a process flow diagram of realizing write data storehouse (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE), and step is as follows:
1. initialization data library call interface environment;
2. application and being connected of target database;
3. begin a db transaction;
4. organize one or a collection of SQL statement;
5. carry out the sql command of organizing, and judge execution result;
6. carry out as unsuccessful, then the current affairs of rollback skip to 8;
7, if run succeeded, submit the current database affairs to, as needs, turn back to 3;
8. the turn-off data storehouse connects;
9. after discharging the data base call environment, finish.
For above-mentioned step 7, when running succeeded,, can turn back to step 3 as needs, restart a db transaction.
Similarly, owing to adopted method of the present invention, can carry out the read operation of database easily.Fig. 4 has provided the process flow diagram of realizing reading (inquiry) database (SELECT), and concrete steps are as follows:
1. initialization data library call interface environment;
2. application and being connected of target database;
3. begin a db transaction;
4. organize one or a collection of SQL statement;
5. carry out the sql command of organizing, and judge execution result;
6. carry out as unsuccessful, then jump to step 9;
7. carry out as success, according to the SELECT statement data query row are tied to output variable, application program need indicate the address of output variable, the inquiry column data type after length and the binding, and the legitimacy of application program reply input parameter is responsible for;
8. the data recording that arrives of retrieval and inquisition reads until all record row and to finish or the not read data behavior of removing ends;
9. the turn-off data storehouse connects;
10. discharge the data base call environment.
The present invention is in order to expand the function of uniform data bank interface, to satisfy demands of applications, be provided with a certain size user data area in database connects, this user data area can be the database manipulation management and provides convenience with pre-treatment function and aftertreatment function.Such as, to the number of times of database manipulation, time overhead, classification etc. is analyzed.The uniform data bank interface only provides a kind of like this mechanism, and the legitimacy of the data manipulation that the application layer reply is concrete and data interpretation are responsible for.
In addition, because the thread-safe of ORACLE OCI can only provide the thread-level mutual exclusion mechanism based on applied environment, and provides the maximum concurrency that connects based on database on this basis, otherwise will provide mutual exclusion mechanism by application; For example, if consider short-message system concurrency is required in order to guarantee that the database concurrent operations can carry out normally and efficiently under the multi-thread environment, to simplify development difficulty than higher simultaneously, the present invention connects each database all provides a cover whole environmental informations.All data include in a structure, and this structure is not opened to the outside world, and the obtaining of user data is provided with and being provided with of various processing functions must be undertaken by special function.
The DBLIB interface inner structure encapsulation of SYBASE is tight relatively, so DLL (dynamic link library) is also simple relatively.In the pointed memory block that it is DBPROCESS that all database connections and data operation information all are kept at a type.Provide the function of makeing mistakes to handle among the DBLIB, show the affairs statement, and on database connection DBPROCESS rank, provide the thread-safe assurance, therefore, can directly utilize the function facility of itself to a great extent to the encapsulation of DB LIB, simultaneously, the also relative ORACLE OCI with option of operation of the connectivity option that DB LIB provides will enrich, and can take the circumstances into consideration to offer in the uniform data bank interface and call.Simultaneously, the present invention also will equally provide unified fault processing function and carry out pre-treatment and execution aftertreatment function with encapsulation ORACLE OCI.
In sum, adopt the present invention, can overcome when database is diversified in specifications to be caused, accessing database inefficiency even the shortcoming that can't visit, guaranteed the interconnection and interflow of various Database Systems, particularly for short-message system, any program need be do not revised, the corresponding database system can be directly visited.Therefore, the present invention is more suitable for being applied in other systems that database access real-time is had relatively high expectations.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of unifying the accessing database system is characterized in that:
(1) creates database connection pool;
(2) the bottom calling interface of each Database Systems is classified by function;
(3) according to classification, the packaging bottom layer calling interface;
(4) packaged uniform data bank interface is made dynamic base;
(5) read or write visit by dynamic base.
2, the method for unified accessing database as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described bottom calling interface to each Database Systems is classified by function, comprising:
Create also initialization and call the layer interface environment;
Application handle and data structure;
The establishment database connects, and sets up session;
Create Database error and handle routine;
Prepare and carry out SQL statement;
To carrying out the SQL statement of inquiry, handle the result set that retrieves;
Disconnect session and be connected;
Releasing handle and data structure discharge and call the layer interface environmental resource.
3, the method for unified accessing database as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: described step of carrying out write access by dynamic base comprises:
(1) initialization data library call interface environment;
(2) application and being connected of target database;
(3) db transaction of beginning;
(4) one in tissue or a collection of SQL statement;
(5) carry out the sql command of organizing, and judge execution result;
(6) carry out as unsuccessful, then the current affairs of rollback skip to step (8);
(7) if run succeeded, submit the current database affairs to, as needs, turn back to step (3);
(8) the turn-off data storehouse connects;
(9) behind the release data base call environment, finish.
4, the method for unified accessing database as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described step (7) as needs, can turn back to step (3) when running succeeded, and restarts a db transaction.
5, the method for unified accessing database as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: described step of carrying out read access by dynamic base comprises:
(1) initialization data library call interface environment;
(2) application and being connected of target database;
(3) db transaction of beginning;
(4) one in tissue or a collection of SQL statement;
(5) carry out the sql command of organizing, and judge execution result;
(6) carry out as unsuccessful, then jump to step (9);
(7) carry out as success, according to the SELECT statement data query row are tied to output variable, application program need indicate the address of output variable, the inquiry column data type after length and the binding, and the legitimacy of application program reply input parameter is responsible;
(8) data recording that arrives of retrieval and inquisition reads until all record row and to finish or the not read data behavior of removing ends;
(9) the turn-off data storehouse connects;
(10) discharge the data base call environment.
6, the method for unified accessing database as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described connection pool provides a kind of initialize mode option, when this option is set up, then when initialization data library call interface environment, create the connection pool management thread in application; Behind this thread creation, initialization connection pool buffer zone waits for having to connect adding in this pond that connecting the number that adds can specify in connectivity option; After connecting adding, determine according to connectivity option whether this connection distributes or maintenance immediately; The Service name of this connection, username and password all will be held in connection pool, call once more when obtaining corresponding the connection when application program, and corresponding connection will be assigned with in the connection pool.
7, the method for unified accessing database as claimed in claim 6 system, it is characterized in that: after connection pool was set up, management thread found also to remove the unusual seizure condition that connects with the validity that quantitative check should connect; Further the use that database is connected is added up.
8, as the method for claim 6 or 7 described unified accessing database systems, it is characterized in that:,, finish the release that all databases connect by this management thread by message or this connection pool management thread of signalisation when application program stops.
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| CN 02111249 CN1264106C (en) | 2002-03-30 | 2002-03-30 | Method for accessing database system uniformly |
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| CN1264106C true CN1264106C (en) | 2006-07-12 |
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| CN101141663B (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2010-06-09 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for improving intelligent network access database efficiency |
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| CN102542368B (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2015-06-10 | 金蝶软件（中国）有限公司 | Cache system access method and device |
| CN102314375A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-01-11 | 北京神州数码思特奇信息技术股份有限公司 | Heterogeneous database storage unified interface and database access method |
| CN102768714A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | TCM (trusted cryptography module) management interface based on TSM (TCM service module) and implementation method thereof |
| CN102243652B (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-11-21 | 苏州阔地网络科技有限公司 | Database connection management method and device |
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| CN104794147A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-22 | 深圳键桥通讯技术股份有限公司 | Heterogeneous database access method |
| CN104361000A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-02-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Access method and system for relational database based on self-built database connection pool |
| CN108090219B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2021-08-20 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Method and device for processing built-in data of database |
| CN105956481B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2019-05-10 | 中国银联股份有限公司 | A kind of data processing method and its device |
| CN105138693A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 联动优势科技有限公司 | Method and device for having access to databases |
| CN105490850B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-10-19 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | The method and system of disposition data source |
| CN105912331A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-31 | 广东威创视讯科技股份有限公司 | Resource data acquisition method and apparatus |
| CN106257460A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-28 | 天津天大求实电力新技术股份有限公司 | Data base's general-purpose accessing implementation method for micro-capacitance sensor monitoring system |
| CN108762898B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2023-04-25 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Thread interface management method, terminal equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109767195A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-17 | 浪潮软件集团有限公司 | A kind of enterprise information management system and method |
| CN110471971A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-19 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | Data bank access method, equipment and storage medium |
| CN110618924B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2023-06-23 | 浙江诺诺网络科技有限公司 | Link pressure testing method of web application system |
| CN113282380B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2024-05-24 | 深圳信可通讯技术有限公司 | Method, device and computer readable medium for calling multipath control interface |
| CN112231374A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-15 | 北京南天软件有限公司 | General database drive adaptation interface system |
| CN112434069A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-02 | 天津市鑫联兴科技有限公司 | Multi-source heterogeneous database access adaptation method and adapter |
| CN112699150A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-23 | 中国银联股份有限公司 | Database operation framework, method and system |
| CN113296822B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2023-11-03 | 北京思特奇信息技术股份有限公司 | Online upgrading method and system for database system based on dynamic library |
| CN114416197A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-29 | 成都易达数安科技有限公司 | Development-free scripted configuration method of APP background interface based on xml |
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