CN1260336C - Vegetable fat Europe plum oil and its method of extraction and application - Google Patents
Vegetable fat Europe plum oil and its method of extraction and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN1260336C CN1260336C CN 02146618 CN02146618A CN1260336C CN 1260336 C CN1260336 C CN 1260336C CN 02146618 CN02146618 CN 02146618 CN 02146618 A CN02146618 A CN 02146618A CN 1260336 C CN1260336 C CN 1260336C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a woody fat product, an extracting method thereof and an application thereof. The present invention selects the nuts of psammophyte Cerasus humilis with good ecological function as a raw material for extracting Cerasus humilis oil which mainly comprises the following components: 69 to 71% of oleic acid, 23 to 25% of linoleic acid and 4.3% of palmitic acid. A mixed solvent is added to the nuts of psammophyte Cerasus humilis after the nuts of the psammophyte Cerasus humilis are baked, peeled, pulverized and sieved, and then, the mixture is filtered in a pressure reduction way; an oil mixture is stood for delamination; oil phases are distillated in the pressure reduction way to remove the mixed solvent, and then, the Cerasus humilis oil is obtained. The Cerasus humilis oil can be used as edible oil and food processing oil, and can also be deeply processed to be extracted into chemical raw materials. The Cerasus humilis oil has good quality, particularly high oleic acid content, so the Cerasus humilis oil has a good health care function. The extracting method of the Cerasus humilis oil has the advantages of low cost, high; safety and simple operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of xylophyta grease and extracting method and application.
Background technology
Vegetable oil lipoprotein and human society have close getting in touch, and for example soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, sweet oil, palm wet goods various plants oil are widely used in people's life and the industrial production already.The consumption of Vegetable oil lipoprotein has accounted for 67% of grease total quantity consumed per capita.Recent two decades comes, people begin to pay close attention to and the research food oils in unsaturated fatty acids especially the Dan Shuanjian unsaturated fatty acids health effects has been confirmed that components such as oleic acid, linolic acid have health-care effects such as reducing blood-fat, vessel softening.Particularly oleic acid can reduce the equilibrium concentration that " is harmful to " cholesterol LDL (low-density lipoprotein) in the human plasma effectively, increase " useful " cholesterol HDL (high-density lipoprotein (HDL)), thereby reduce the generation of cardiovascular disorder, this function be saturated fatty acid and many pairs of key unsaturated fatty acidss do not have; In addition, the grease that the oleic acid ratio is high slightly, its meta-bolites need not have the inhibiting prostaglandin(PG) of strong biological activity and participate in, and therefore need not worry that excessive absorption can produce obstacle, is called as safe lipid acid.On stability, oleic acid is than unsaturated fatty acids height such as linolic acid, linolenic acid, therefore being rich in oleic Vegetable oil lipoprotein more is applicable to family cooking, do senior flavor oil, eat oil raw, frying oil and cooking be with oil, the stink that adds thermogenesis is minimum, also is applicable to the food of shelf-lives length and the processing of cake.
Because many pairs of key unsaturated fatty acidss such as linolic acid are human bodies to be needed and can not self synthetic, therefore must be from food.From table 1 column data as can be known, oleic acid, linoleic content have than big difference in each vegetable oil:
Oleic acid, linoleic content in table 1 several plant oils
| The vegetables oil name of an article | Oleic acid content (%) | Linoleic acid content (%) |
| Soybean oil | 21.1-30.8 | 49.2-54.5 |
| Plam oil | 41-51 | 5-11 |
| Rapeseed oil | 20.3 | 11.4 |
| Sunflower seeds | 23.2-70 | 6.7-66.2 |
| Peanut oil | 38.6-61.1 | 13-42 |
| Sweet oil | 55-83 | 3.5-21 |
Sweet oil occupy the first because of being rich in its qualities of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linolic acid in edible vegetable oil, the world market is to the demand of meal with sweet oil, annual with 2.8% speed increment, world's gross annual output amount and consumption surpass 2,000,000 tons, occupy the 4th of cosmopolitian plant oil ultimate production.The countries in the world introducing culture total area has reached more than 600 ten thousand km now
2Because the cultivation of olive is had relatively high expectations to weather condition, sweet oil only accounts for 3% of world's edible oil output, and causing for a long time, world market sweet oil and peanut oil, soya-bean oil have 1: the rate of exchange of 4-8.It is very limited that the area of olive can be cultivated by China, drew from 1964 and plant, and ten thousand kilograms of fruit 50-60 are produced in existing 1,000,000 strains per year, and 10 tons of yearly rate-oil production less thaies can not satisfy the demand of society far away.
Therefore, exploitation a kind ofly is rich in oleic acid, linoleic xylophyta oil and fat product is very urgent and very important.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to select a kind of have good ecological functions and the low xylophyta of planting cost---Europe Lee, as the raw material that extracts vegetables oil of the present invention, Vegetable oil lipoprotein provided by the present invention Europe Lee's oil is rich in oleic acid and linolic acid.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of extracting Europe Lee's oil, and another purpose provides the application of Europe Lee's oil.
Selected Europe Lee (Cerasus humilis BGE) of the present invention is the rose department cherry genus psammophyte.This plant is a machaka, and root system is very flourishing, and root mass is huge, and the about 0.5-1.5 rice of plant height has quality cold-resistant, drought-enduring, salt tolerant alkali, and have good check winds and fix drifting sand, the soil conservation effect.Europe Lee's fruit is contained nutritious, especially V
c, V
B2, V
EAnd the content of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, selenium and Methionin all is higher than common fruit.
Europe Lee's kernel is the main raw material of Europe of the present invention Lee's oil, and Europe Lee's kernel oleaginousness is up to 46-74%, and the oil quality that extracts is good, and particularly the oleic acid content height has great health care function, and can be used as the raw material of fine chemistry industry.Europe Lee oil major ingredient of the present invention and content are as follows:
Oleic acid (suitable-the 9-octadecenoic acid): 69-71%;
Linolic acid (suitable, suitable-9,12 octadecadienoic acid): 23-25%;
Palmitinic acid (hexadecanoic acid): 1-4.3%;
Zoomeric acid (suitable-palmitoleic acid): 0.69%;
Stearic acid (octadecanoic acid): 0.91%;
Petroselinic acid (suitable-petroselinic acid): 0.83%;
Eicosanoic acid (arachic acid): 0.06%;
Eicosenoic acid: 0.05%;
Caprylic acid (n-capric acid): 0.02%.
Contain the glucoside toxic substance among the Ou Liren, as it is about 6.4% to contain Vitamin B17, its content is only second to the Gynocardia odorata R. Br (6.8%) of the maximum Anhalonium section of occurring in nature cyanogenetic glycoside.The present invention adopts polarity one nonpolar biphasic solvent extraction process, removed glycoside compound effectively in the greasy while of production, once extract the glucoside that promptly can remove more than 90%, after secondary or three extractions, its residual quantity and residual molten amount are lower than the food safety index.The method of from Lee's kernel of Europe, extracting Europe Lee's oil provided by the invention, technical process is as follows:
(1) Ou Liren oven dry;
(2) peeling;
(3) pulverize;
(4) (20 order) sieves;
(5) add mixed extractant solvent, 65 ℃ of extraction temperature extracted time 2-3 hour;
(6), isolate mixing oil and dregs of rice two portions with the mixture filtration under diminished pressure;
(7) mixing oil leaves standstill, and is layered as oil phase with mutually pure;
(8) oil phase part lease making vacuum distillation recovered solvent;
(9) oil meal is carried out reextraction, repeating step (5)-(8); The oil that extracts is Europe Lee's oil;
(10) dregs of rice get filter cake through drying under reduced pressure;
(11) alcohol partly can further extract other composition mutually.
The proportioning of mixed extractant:
Hexane: raw material (Europe Lee's kernel)=3-4: 1 (V/W)
Low-carbon alcohol: raw material (Europe Lee's kernel)=3.5-4.5: 1 (V/W)
Sodium hydroxide: alcohol=100 (grams): 100 (liters)
Water: low-carbon alcohol=6 (liter): 100 (liters)
The inventive method cost is low, and is safe, simple to operate; Cold operation has guaranteed in the process of extraction Europe japanese plum seed oil in the filter cake that other effective constituent such as protein exempts from the sex change that high temperature causes, for the post-treatment of filter cake provides favourable precondition.Polar solvent in the mixed solvent can be removed most polar components in kind of the benevolence, as most low-molecular-weight carbohydrate, non-protein nitrogen(NPN), aqueous phospholipid, soap glue and other non-nutritive ingredient, simultaneously, also can suppress the plurality of enzymes in kind of the benevolence, guarantee the stability of target product.The inventive method can directly obtain acid number low, hardly contain phosphatide, color and luster simple and elegant, do not have Europe Lee's oil that bad local flavor, Vitamin B17 content are low, be rich in multiple unsaturated fatty acids.
The inventive method can make Vitamin B17 enter solvent phase in the greasy while of extraction effectively, rather than stays in the dregs of rice, and this makes by product Europe Lee's dregs of rice can directly apply to high-protein food and feed safely.Glucoside in the solvent can be recycled; Solvent is then recyclable, recycle.
The Europe Lee oil that adopts extracting method production of the present invention is because it is rich in oleic acid, linolic acid, has good health-care effect, be applicable to that family cooking uses as edible oil, also can adopt health care oil productions such as ordinary method production Europe Lee oil dripping pill, be used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Can also do raw materials of food processing, foodstuff additive, also can carry out intensive processing, therefrom extract oleic acid, linolic acid is as industrial chemicals such as medicine, daily use chemicals.Extract the alcohol that produces Europe Lee oil process from processing and reach mutually in the byproduct such as the dregs of rice and also can extract the production multiple product, as beauty and skin care goods, household chemicals, high-protein food and feed etc.
Europe Lee's oil is the very high xylophyta grease of a kind of economic worth, and Ou Li is again a kind of have good ecological functions and low psammophyte of planting cost.China is one of the most serious country of the harm of desertification in the world, every year is huge because of the direct economic loss that Desertification causes, is the effective ways of administering the desertification soil with Europe Lee as ecological forest grass establishing in large scale, also provides assurance for Europe Lee's oil prodution industry production and application simultaneously.Because Europe Lee's oil is rich in oleic acid, linolic acid, widelys popularize Europe Lee's oil as the daily edible oil of people, and human health is had significance.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the preparation of Europe Lee's oil
1) take by weighing Ou Liren 1000 gram of oven dry, peeling is pulverized, and (20 order) sieves;
2) add mixed extractant: 3 liters of hexanes, 3.5 liters of methyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide 3.5 grams, 210 milliliters in water; 65 ℃ of temperature; Extracted 2-3 hour;
3), isolate mixing oil and dregs of rice two portions with the mixture filtration under diminished pressure;
4) mixing oil leaves standstill, and is layered as oil phase with mutually pure;
5) oil phase part lease making vacuum distillation recovered solvent;
6) dregs of rice are carried out reextraction, repeating step (2)-(5); The extraction yield of twice gained Europe Lee's oil is respectively: 37.9% and 5.1%, add up to obtain about 430 grams of Europe Lee oil;
7) dregs of rice get filter cake through drying under reduced pressure;
8) alcohol partly can further extract other composition mutually.
Gained Europe Lee's oil, its main component is after measured:
Oleic acid: 71%
Linolic acid: 24.25%
Palmitinic acid: 3.1%
The physical and chemical index of gained Europe Lee's oil is as follows:
Refractive index (20 ℃): 1.4765-1.4770
Proportion (20/4 ℃): 0.9231-0.9268
| Color and luster (1 inch groove of Lovibond colorimeter)≤ | Yellow 65 red 3 |
| Smell, flavour | Peculiar fragrance and flavour are arranged, free from extraneous odour |
| Acid value (mgKOH/g)≤ | 0.53 |
| Moisture and volatile matter content (%)≤ | 0.10 |
| Saponification value | 179 |
| Iodine number | 98 |
| Impurity (%) | 0.10 |
| Heat test (280 ℃) | Oil colours does not deepen |
| Unsaponifiables | Do not have |
| Saponified matter content (%)≤ | 0.03 |
Embodiment 2:
Method is with embodiment 1, and the alcohol in the mixed extractant of adding is selected ethanol for use.
Embodiment 3:
With Europe Lee's oil of gained of the present invention as family cooking with oil, identical with existing edible peanut oil, soybean wet goods family cooking with oily using method and function.Because Europe of the present invention Lee's oil is rich in oleic acid, linolic acid, has more health-care effect than peanut oil, soybean oil; Because Europe of the present invention Lee's oil-proofness is good, it is minimum to add the thermogenesis stink, be more suitable for family's cooking with oil.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt conventional microcapsulary to be processed into Europe japanese plum seed oil dripping pill gained of the present invention Europe Lee oil, as a kind of formulation of the oil product that keeps healthy.The working method of Europe japanese plum seed oil dripping pill is:
Selecting gum arabic and gelatin is the wall material, respectively with a certain amount of Europe of 5% and 2.5% concentration Lee's oil under 60 ℃, 1000rmp stirring and emulsifying 1min; Cohesion 0.5h, acidity adjustment is pH4.4; Being cooled to 10 ℃, solidifying 1h, is moulding through centrifugal and vacuum-drying.The dripping pill oil length and the embedding rate of this method preparation are higher, and the stirring velocity when its particle diameter and cohesion is closely related.
Embodiment 5:
Gained of the present invention Europe Lee's oil is saponified into soap glue, obtains high-purity oleic acid through acidification hydrolization.Its preparation process is as follows:
The NaOH of adding 40% in Lee's oil of Europe feeds open steam, stirring, obtains Europe Lee's soap glue.Soap glue is added water squeeze in the acidifying pot that has corrosion protective lining, sulfuric acid adds the acidifying pot by test tank metering back, and institute adds the 3%-5% that sulfuric acid amount is a soap glue weight, and the about 8h of heated and boiled rises up to oil and to steep Droplets, till the layering of very fast energy.Standing separation goes out acidifying oil, emits waste water.Acidity with soap glue neutralizing acid carburetion transfers to pH=7-8 and is advisable, and is washed till neutrality with 80 ℃ of clear water.Impurity (promptly black pin) is wherein removed in decompression.Adopt simple batch distillation, still kettle adopts heat-conducting oil heating equipment all by the stainless steel manufacturing.Black acid after the dehydration borrows vacuum to suck still kettle, material temperature in the still kettle is heated to 260-270 ℃, gas phase temperature is controlled at 230-250 ℃ in the still kettle, after the material temperature reaches 230-250 ℃, feed the open steam about 0.2Mpa, the employing oil-sealed rotary pump vacuumizes, and vacuum tightness maintains more than the 98/Kpa.The mixing-in fat acid vapour borrows vacuum to enter condenser, enters receiving tank after condensation.
It is in 90% the methanol solution that 100 unit mixed fatty acids are dissolved in 500 unit mass marks, adds certain amount of urea, makes itself and lipid acid generation complex compound.Be cooled to 6 ℃, saturated acid (palmitinic acid, stearic acid etc.) and urea complex at first crystallization are separated out.Behind the fractional crystallization, add appropriate alkaline liquor (controlling oleic degree of neutralization at 40%-50%) in mother liquor, be cooled to-5 ℃ again, then oleic acid-salt and ureagenetic complex compound crystallization are separated out.Crystallization is told, and through the phosphoric acid acidolysis, aqueous citric acid solution washing after the vacuum hydro-extraction drying, promptly gets content and be high-purity oleic acid of 97%.
Oleic acid and anhydrous sorbitol reaction can make span-80, span-85, and then make the Tween series product with ethylene oxide condensation.
Oleic acid can also make the oleic acid triglyceride with glycerine reaction.The HLB value of these oleic acid polyol esters is very low, belongs to lipophilic surfactant, is widely used in when cosmetic industry and oleic acid can be directly used in cosmetic industry oleic acid normal temperature to be aqueous, to good, nontoxic, the nonirritant of the soft and moist property of skin.
Oleic acid is used for metal-processing industry oleic acid and other oils, surfactant compound can be made into metal rolled oil, can improve metal surface, particularly improves the smooth finish of metal edge.
Oleic acid is used for mining industry oleic acid and goods are good mineral floating additives.
It is good textile finish oil additive that oleic acid is used for textile industry oleic acid.Contain oleic textile finish oil, the power of can reducing friction improves fabric static resistance and weaving speed.In addition, oleic acid also can be made into fabric softener, is used for the softness of cotton fabric.
Oleic soap class can be used as clean-out system.Oleate soap classes such as potassium oleate, sodium oleate, triethanolamine oleate itself are exactly good clean-out system, can make the important source material of washing composition, are widely used in human body, fabric and industrial cleaning agent.
Oleic acid also is used for other field and adds an amount of oleic acid in the cement construction, can improve the cement workability, reduces water consumption.
Oleic acid makes dimeracid and polymeric amide is used for printing ink, resin and coatings industry.
Oleic acid can be made into oleylamide or amine hydroxybenzene and is used for the oleic ammonia react of plastics industry and can makes oleylamide, can be used as plastics slipping agent, antis such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polymeric amide, be used for improving the process operation of injection moulding and extrusion moulding, the opening of tubular membranes become be more prone to.This product also has antistatic effect, can reduce dust and amass the attached of surface of plastic products.
Embodiment 6
Gained of the present invention Europe Lee's oil is carried out esterification, to obtain important refine raw material and intermediate---long chain fatty acid methyl esters.
With Europe Lee's oil is raw material, under the effect of solid base catalyst LDH/LDO, carries out transesterification reaction with methyl alcohol, the preparation fatty acid ester.The mol ratio of methyl alcohol and Europe Lee's oil should be 6: 1, catalyzer LDO/LDH is 2% of Europe Lee's oil quality, and temperature of reaction is controlled under the pure boiling point carries out, and the maintenance system is at slight boiling condition, the transesterification reaction time needed 4h when temperature of reaction was controlled at 30 ℃, and the yield of fatty acid ester is 98.5%.
Isolate oleic acid ester from fatty acid ester, oleic acid ester has been widely used as a kind of tensio-active agent of non-ionic type, as is used for leather industry, day chemical industry etc.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of Vegetable oil lipoprotein Europe Lee's oil, it comprises:
Oleic acid 69-71%
Linolic acid 23-25%
Palmitinic acid 1-4.3%;
Described Europe Lee's oil is that the kernel with xylophyta Europe Lee is a raw material, adopts polarity one nonpolar biphasic solvent extraction process to obtain, and wherein mixed extractant is made up of hexane, low-carbon alcohol, sodium hydroxide and the water of following portions by weight ratio:
The envelope-bulk to weight ratio of hexane and Europe Lee's nerkel raw material is hexane: Europe Lee nerkel raw material=3-4: 1;
The envelope-bulk to weight ratio of low-carbon alcohol and Europe Lee's nerkel raw material is low-carbon alcohol: Europe Lee nerkel raw material=3.5-4.5: 1;
Sodium hydroxide: low-carbon alcohol=100: 100, unit is a grams per liter;
The volume ratio of water and low-carbon alcohol is a water: low-carbon alcohol=6: 100.
2, the described Europe of claim 1 Lee's oil is characterized by in Lee's oil of described Europe and also comprises:
Zoomeric acid 0.69%
Stearic acid 0.91%
Petroselinic acid 0.83%
Eicosanoic acid 0.06%
Eicosenoic acid 0.05%
Caprylic acid 0.02%.
3, claim 1 or 2 described Vegetable oil lipoprotein Europe Lee's oil are as the application of healthcare products, products and health products additive agent, edible oil or foodstuff additive.
4, claim 1 or the 2 described Vegetable oil lipoprotein Europe Lee's oil application in the medicine of preparation treatment cardiovascular disorder.
5, claim 1 or 2 application of described Europe Lee's oil in oil, weaving, printing and dyeing, printing ink, resin, coatings industry, daily use chemicals, mining, leather industry, metal-processing industry and cosmetic industry.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02146618 CN1260336C (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2002-10-28 | Vegetable fat Europe plum oil and its method of extraction and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02129381 | 2002-09-06 | ||
| CN02129381.3 | 2002-09-06 | ||
| CN 02146618 CN1260336C (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2002-10-28 | Vegetable fat Europe plum oil and its method of extraction and application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1480515A CN1480515A (en) | 2004-03-10 |
| CN1260336C true CN1260336C (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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| CN 02146618 Expired - Fee Related CN1260336C (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2002-10-28 | Vegetable fat Europe plum oil and its method of extraction and application |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1307888C (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2007-04-04 | 山西农大开源种苗有限公司 | Europe plum oil and its preparation method |
| CN100462420C (en) * | 2005-04-30 | 2009-02-18 | 王嵬 | Biological diesel oil and its preparing method |
| CN102165975B (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-04-10 | 杜云芳 | High-calcium health-care edible oil and production method thereof |
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