CN1260031A - Magnetroheological fluid device exhibiting settling stability - Google Patents
Magnetroheological fluid device exhibiting settling stability Download PDFInfo
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- CN1260031A CN1260031A CN 97182336 CN97182336A CN1260031A CN 1260031 A CN1260031 A CN 1260031A CN 97182336 CN97182336 CN 97182336 CN 97182336 A CN97182336 A CN 97182336A CN 1260031 A CN1260031 A CN 1260031A
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Abstract
A magnetorheological (MR) device including settling stability. The MR fluid device includes a housing including a hollow, a moving element contained within the hollow, the housing and moving element cooperating to form a working section and a chamber within the hollow, a MR fluid contained within the working section and the chamber, a coil or the like for generating a magnetic field to act upon the MR fluid cntained within the working section to cause a rheology change therein, and magnet or electromagnet generating a low-level magnetic field to act upon a substantial portion of the MR fluid contained in the chamber to minimize settling of the particles in the MR fluid. Linear and rotary acting embodiments are included.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to controlled fluid device field, particularly relate to a kind of controlled fluid device that uses the magnetic controlled fluid.
Background technique
Using hydraulic fluid to form cushion effect as working medium in damping device is a kind of known technology with controlled motion, impact and/or vibration.A concrete kind in these devices comprises (MR) device of fluid of magnetic rheology (magnetorheological) exactly.The MR fluid means causes that the reason of people's interest is that they just need less current (heavy several ampere or still less) and can not produce potential shock hazard, because they are in low pressure (common 12 volts or still less) work down.The MR fluid means for example resembles damping device, break and clutch and uses a kind of controlled magnetic rheology (MR) fluid, and this magnetic flow fluid is made of the little soft magnetic granules that is dispersed in the carrier fluid.Typical soft magnetic granules comprises iron carbonyl or analog, and it is spherical but its shape is preferably that these particles can have different shape, and its average diameter at 0.1um between the 500um, be preferably 1um between the 100um.Carrier fluid comprises various known hydraulic oil or analog.After in being exposed to the magnetic field of sufficient intensity, these MR fluids show a kind of multiviscosisty behavior (a kind of rheology variation), are called " explicit viscosity variation " sometimes again.The magnetic intensity that is applied on the MR fluid is high more, and the resistance of being realized by concrete MR fluid means (cushion effect, braking or locking moment of torsion) is high more.The example of MR fluid means can be referring to U.S. Pat 5578238 and US5382373.
The MR fluid especially can be controlled by the simple fluctuation that is applied to the electric current on the magnetic field generator (being generally an electromagnetic coil).The example of MR device of the prior art and damping device is referring to U.S. Pat 5492312, US5398917, US5284330, the undelegated U.S. Patent application 08/674371 of US5277281 Buddhist monk (exercise question is " a controlled vibratory equipment ").And the description of controllable brake is referring to undelegated U.S. Patent application 08674371 (exercise question is " controllable brake ") and 08/304005 still (exercise question is " magnetic flow fluid device and a method of utilizing the control force of this magnetic flow fluid device control exercise device ").
Recently, the someone proposes with MR damping device control civil engineering structure, to reduce earthquake risk.Because the MR damping device just needs lower power, so the MR damping device is fit to power with storage battery.It should be noted that outage that reality is exactly a mains supply when earthquake takes place, this makes the MR damping device have more attraction force.In these were used, the MR fluid must be able to tolerate relatively long quiescent period (reaching 20 years or longer).Especially the precipitation of MR fluid can produce injury to the performance of device.People have done a lot of work and have studied the method that reduces the precipitation in the MR liquid, and some method is more more effective than other method.For example, exercise question has been for having described " Radix Glycyrrhizae egg baby food made of rice-flour and sugar " fluid in the PCT/US97/02743 of " the earthquake damping device of the magnetic flow fluid " application, this fluid have egg baby food made of rice-flour and sugar the same prevent the viscosity that precipitates.And exercise question is interior to prevent solids precipitation to one of exercise device bigger fluid storeroom for prompting in " the controlled fluid convalescence device that comprises a fluid storeroom " PCT/US97/02322 application can apply a low-intensity magnetic fields, and the user is inserted into the part of health the inside of this exercise device.The problem that precipitation produced that it should be noted that the particle in the MR fluid is that this precipitation is difficult to only solve by formula method.And the problem of the precipitation of the particle in damping device and break does not far also solve.Therefore, the device that need provide a kind of long-term stability and its fluid not to precipitate.
Technological scheme
Notice the advantage and the deficiency of system of the prior art, the invention provides a magnetic flow fluid device.This fluid means comprise a housing, displaceable element, magnetic flow fluid, one be used to produce a magnetic field to affact the device on the magnetic flow fluid that is contained in described at least one working portion, and one be used to produce a low-intensity magnetic fields affacting the magnetic flow fluid that is contained in described at least one chamber, is contained in the device of the magnetic flow fluid precipitation in the described chamber with minimizing; Described housing comprises a cavity; Described displaceable element is positioned at described cavity, and described housing and described displaceable element are used to form at least one working portion and at least one chamber that is positioned at described cavity; Described magnetic flow fluid is contained in described at least one working portion and described at least one chamber.This device can be a damping device with displaceable element, described displaceable element comprises a damper piston device, described damper piston device comprises one first end, second end and a chamber that comprises one first chamber and one second chamber at least, and described first chamber and described second chamber separate certain distance and be positioned at the two ends of described piston apparatus.Device of the present invention combines with a structure that comprises one first and second removable frame spare, and wherein said body is connected to described first structural member, and described movable part is connected to described second structural member by a piston rod.
According to an aspect with novelty of the present invention, the described device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields comprises at least one electromagnet.Described at least one electromagnet is installed on the described wall section of described housing or is installed on described first end and described second end of described piston apparatus.According to another aspect of the present invention, the described device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields comprises at least one permanent magnet.Described permanent magnet is contained in each described first chamber and described second chamber, and be connected on described first end of described damping device piston apparatus and described second end or be installed on the described wall section of described housing, or the combination of above-mentioned dual mode.According to another aspect of the present invention, described at least one electromagnet is arranged on the banding pattern magnet on the outer surface of described housing.The present invention can also be applied to break and clutch, and wherein said housing is that a lateral element and described movable component are rotors that is placed in the lateral element.Therefore, the device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields can be installed to a wall section of described rotor or described housing.
An advantage of MR device of the present invention is that device of the present invention has regular hour stability, and device of the present invention can use for many years and particle in the MR fluid of working can not precipitate.
The another one advantage of MR device of the present invention is that the fluid in this device can not precipitate, and the static impedance that it produced (off state resistance) can not be subjected to appreciable impact yet.
With reference to the accompanying drawings with the description of preferred implementation, above-mentioned will be more readily apparent from of the present invention with its its feature, advantage and characteristic.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing is the part of specification, is used to illustrate the embodiment of several keys of the present invention.Drawing and description come together to explain the present invention.These accompanying drawings comprise:
Fig. 1 a is depicted as a MR damping device partial, partially-cross-sectioned side-elevation view;
Fig. 1 b is depicted as the stereogram of a ring magnet in the chamber that is installed among Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 2 a is depicted as first embodiment's of MR damping device partial, partially-cross-sectioned side-elevation view;
Fig. 2 b is depicted as the stereogram of the button type magnet in the chamber that is installed to the damping device among Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 3 a is depicted as second embodiment's of MR damping device the partial, partially-cross-sectioned side-elevation view of part;
Fig. 3 b is depicted as book and is installed in the chamber of the damping device among Fig. 3 a or the stereogram of the electromagnet on the wall section;
Fig. 4 a and 4b are depicted as first and second embodiment's of MR break sectional view; And
Figure 5 shows that the partial, partially-cross-sectioned side-elevation view of a single tube MR damping device.
Mode of execution
With reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein identical in the accompanying drawings label is explained similar parts.In Fig. 1, shown among the figure 20, be the MR device, particularly a MR damping device preferred embodiment.This damping device 20 is preferably in and forms controlled cushion effect between one first structural member 21 (for example resembling a part building or bridge) and one second structural member 23 (for example resembling the other part of a building or bridge).Similarly, this damping device 20 can be used to control other civil engineering structure or the vibration between any two structures that relatively move and move.This damping device 20 comprises that one is generally cylindrical shell or cylindrical body 22, and this cylindrical shell is preferably a two end portions sealed hollow cylinder, and this cylinder for example resembles low carbon steel with soft magnetic material and makes.Cylindrical shell 22 is inner form cavitys 33 and this cylindrical shell 22 have in the end of housing a circular port, preferably have two circular ports 28,28 '.
At least one piston rod, best two piston rods 24,24 ' axially be slidably received within least one, best two circular ports 28,28 ' in.Circular port 28,28 ' preferably include bearing and black box so that a piston apparatus 26 is in the center, and prevents that MR fluid 38 from overflowing.The device that is used for housing 22 is connected to first structural member 21 comprises flange and bolt, screw, weldment and analog.Similarly, with at least one, best two piston rods 24,24 ' be connected to device on second structural member 23 comprise the rod end that is threaded onto piston rod 24,24 ' upper end and by bolt, pin, weldment or analog be fixed to carriage 33,33 on second structural member 23 '.
Piston apparatus 26 by piston rod 24,24 ' on thread head be threaded onto at least one, best two piston rods 24,24 '.This piston apparatus 26 can move axially in cavity 30, therefore this cavity 30 is divided into one first chamber 32 and one second chamber 34.It should be noted that and between the inwall of piston apparatus 26 and cylindrical shell 22, form a working portion (gap) 36.
This working portion 36 is preferably annular and is formed by the interaction of cylindrical shell 22 and piston apparatus 26 and orientation.It should be noted that this working portion 26 also can pass piston apparatus 26, this is the known technology of the those of ordinary skill in MR damping device field.The magnetic field that produces sufficient intensity by encouraging a plurality of coils 40 that alternately twine with suitable electric current (be generally about 1 ampere, this needs 22 watts power approximately) is to control flowing of MR fluid 38 between first chamber 32 and second chamber 34.This just provides a controlled cushion effect, and this controlled cushion effect can be controlled by any known algorithm.
Can use any suitable magnetic flow fluid 38.This MR fluid 38 is contained in working portion 36, first chamber 32 and second chamber 34 and the external compensation chamber 44.This external compensation chamber 44 is contained in the storage device 46, and this storage device 46 also comprises an inflating cells 48, is used for MR fluid 38 time pressures in the damping device 20.Storage device 46 also allows MR fluid expansion or the contraction in the damping device 20, thereby has reduced the generation in hole.
A digital controller 50 is preferably by any known algorithm control MR damping device.This comprises the sensor information of utilizing the acceleration transducer collection to represent first structural member 21 and second structural member 23 to move, and described acceleration transducer detects the horizontal acceleration of described structural member 21,23.In addition, can directly measure and provide displacement or velocity information by a Horizontal displacement or a velocity transducer between described structural member 21,23.It should be noted that if cut off the power supply storage battery will provide MR damping device and controller 50 required electric energy.
The signal that controller 50 is handled from one or more sensor according to suitable algorithm 60 provides suitable output signal for then MR damping device 20.Various control algorithms are known to those skilled in the art, for example resemble amplitude limit optimization control based on Accelerator Feedback, referring to the model and the control of flushing device " magnetic flow that reduces earthquake response slow down ", Dyke, Spenver, Sain and Carlson (on August 1st, 1996).Also can use other algorithm based on speed and/or displacement input.It should be noted that when earthquake takes place owing to may cut off the power supply or cut off the power supply at once, this device relies on the DC direct current of storage battery 54 to operate in the short time that earthquake begins to take place.A charger that drives by power supply 58 regularly charges to guarantee the power supply abundance to storage battery 54.
The device that is used in first chamber 32 and second chamber 34 producing low-intensity magnetic fields preferably include at least one end that is fixed to piston apparatus 26 27,27 ' on permanent magnet 25 or wall section 29,29 that at least one is installed to cylindrical shell 22 ' on permanent magnet 25 '.As a kind of optimal way, the madial wall part 29,29 of axial relative ends 27,27 of two of permanent magnet 25,25 ' be installed to piston apparatus 26 ' go up and cylindrical shell 22 ' on.Yet it also is enough just adopting a kind of mode or another mode.For example, just piston apparatus 26 or just the wall section 29,29 of cylindrical shell 22 ' on permanent magnet is set also is enough.Permanent magnet is preferably ring magnet as shown in Figure 1, and these permanent magnets have enough intensity and control precipitation to produce magnetic field.The magnetic intensity that magnet as herein described and permanent magnet should produce is preferably 5～500 Oersteds, and (((6000～10000A/m) to prevent the iron solids precipitation in the MR fluid 38 in first chamber 32 and second chamber 34 for 2000～16000A/m), particularly 75～125 Oersteds for 400～40000A/m), especially 25～200 Oersteds.Preferably select the magnet made with barium or strontium ferrite.Operable in addition magnet can be made by neodymium iron boron, nico and the magnet steel of neodymium iron boron, bonding.Permanent magnet 25 rely on its gravitation and be fixed to end 27,27 ' and wall section 29,29 ' on, but also can use glue to fix.
As another form, a plurality of disc types are button type magnet 25,25 ' can arrange in first chamber 32 and second chamber 34 according to circular, fashion (for example being positioned at 12 points, 3 points, and 9 o ' clock positions at 6) in other words, and be positioned at the axial end portion 27,27 of piston apparatus 26 ' and/or be installed in as Fig. 2 a those shown on the wall section 29 of housing 22, be used to provide a kind of device that can in first chamber 32 and second chamber 34, produce low-intensity magnetic fields with above-mentioned intensity.The magnet of a button type is shown in Fig. 2 b.
As another form, the end 41 of housing 22 can be made with hard magnetic material and for example be resembled 1040 serial carbon steels.Thereby these materials will be magnetized to the precipitation that certain magnetic intensity can prevent the fluid in first chamber 32 and second chamber 34 when placing higher-strength magnetic field.
With reference to figure 3a, according to another aspect of the present invention, the device that is used in chamber 32,34 producing above-mentioned low-intensity magnetic fields comprises at least one electromagnet 31, as a kind of optimal way, a plurality of electromagnet are at the axial end portion 27,27 of piston apparatus 26 ' be arranged in circle (for example being positioned at 12 points, 3 points, and 9 o ' clock positions at 6), and also be installed to the wall section 29,29 of housing 22 '.Shown in Fig. 3 b, electromagnet 31 preferably includes a soft magnetism concentrating element 33, and this soft magnetism concentrating element 33 is extruded in the plasticity coil carrier 35, and twines to form a low-intensity coil 37 with the electric wire of sufficient amount.Electricity connector lug 39,39 ' be connected to power supply or ground connection according to suitable method.As a kind of optimal way, the electric wire of a plurality of electromagnet in chamber 32,34 is arranged according to electric series relationship.The advantage of electromagnet is that it can be closed fully in start-up control algorithm (for example when earthquake takes place) time, therefore compares with the embodiment of foregoing permanent magnet and can form a lower resting state (lower off state).As noted earlier, electromagnet 31 also can be installed to the wall section 29 of housing 22 ' on, as the dotted line among the figure 31 ', 31 " shown in.As shown in the figure, be used to provide the device of low-intensity magnetic fields can be installed in cavity inner wall or install from this cavity outside.If install from the outside, the end of housing should be non magnetic.
The break embodiment of Fig. 4 a and 4b explanation MR device 20a, a 20a '.Each embodiment includes a housing 22a, and this housing 22a comprises that a cavity 30a, a movable component that is contained in the described cavity 30a for example resemble rotor 26a; Described housing 22a and described rotor 26a orientation to be forming at least one working portion, and the form of this working portion is a plurality of space 36a, 36a ' that are positioned at described cavity 30a inwall and at least one chamber, best two chamber 32a, 34a; MR liquid 38 creators are in space 36a, 36a ' and chamber 32a, 34a.This embodiment comprises that also one is used to produce magnetic field to affact on the interior MR fluid 38a of described space 36a, 36a ' to be used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields the inner device that produces the magnetic field that rheology changes of MR fluid 38a and one to affact MR fluid 38a in described chamber 32a, the 34a to reduce the precipitation in MR fluid 38a inside.
In the embodiment of Fig. 4 a, the device that is used to produce a magnetic field passing space 36a, 36a ' comprises an annular permanent magnet 25a, and this permanent magnet 25a has constituted the inside part of rotor 26a, this inside part contiguous described chamber 32a, 34a.To the arctic (n) and the South Pole (s) thus carrying out directed the setting makes the MR fluid 38a in chamber 32a, 34a be exposed in the low-intensity magnetic fields of above-mentioned intensity.The precipitation of the MR fluid 38a of wall within it when this can reduce break 20a and does not use.As a kind of selection, the inside part of rotor 26a can comprise a kind of hard magnetic material, and this hard magnetic material can be magnetized to proper strength and carry out small alignment to cause particle, therefore can prevent the precipitation of particle.In as Fig. 4 b, be installed to the device that permanent magnet 25a, 25a ' on wall section 29a, the 29a ' of housing 22a is provided for producing low-intensity magnetic fields.Although use ring magnet 25a, 25a ' as shown in the figure, also can use other type for example to resemble band shape, disc type/button type or electromagnet and can be used for replacing ring magnet 25a, 25a ', this comes as can be seen from foregoing example.The embodiment that although illustrated is about break, the present invention is equally applicable to the precipitation that prevents its fluid in the clutch.
Fig. 5 illustrates the particularly another one embodiment of a single tube MR damping device 20b of device of the present invention.This MR damping device 20b comprises cylindrical shell (damping device body) 22b basically, this enclosure interior forms a cavity 30b, described housing 20b and piston apparatus 26b are provided with forming the working portion of an annular controlled path 36b form, and described cavity 30b is divided into one first chamber and 32b and one second chamber 34b.This damping device 20b comprises that also a magnetic field that is contained in MR liquid 38b in described controlled path 36b and the first chamber 32b and the second chamber 34b, is used to produce on the MR fluid 38b that affacts in the annular controlled path 36b is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields on the overwhelming majority that affacts the MR fluid 38b in the first chamber 32b and the second chamber 34b to reduce the device that separates in the inner precipitation that produces of MR fluid 38b with the device that produces rheology change in MR fluid 38b with one.As a kind of optimal way, be used to produce the device that is exposed to the magnetic field on the annular controlled path 36b and comprise a winding around 40b or analog, but also can comprise a permanent magnet.The device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields preferably includes a banding pattern permanent magnet 25b on the outer side wall part 29b that is installed to housing 22b.This banding pattern permanent magnet 25b can be along circumference or axially extended band.In this embodiment, low-intensity magnetic fields also is exposed on the annular controlled path 36b.As another form, " and 25b also can comprise the device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields for magnet 25b ', 25b.
Describe in detail although comprise several embodiments of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, in above-mentioned scope, can make various improvement, variation, change and modification and do not depart from the defined the spirit and scope of the invention of claims of the present invention.Should think that these improvement, variation, change are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. magnetic flow fluid device comprises:
(a) housing (22), this housing comprises a cavity (30);
(b) displaceable element, this displaceable element is positioned at described cavity (30), and described housing (22) and described displaceable element carry out directed at least one working portion and at least one chamber that is positioned at described cavity (30) with formation;
(c) magnetic flow fluid, described magnetic flow fluid are contained in described at least one working portion and described at least one chamber;
(d) be used to produce a magnetic field to affact the device on the magnetic flow fluid that is contained in described at least one working portion;
(e) be used to produce a low-intensity magnetic fields to affact the device that is contained in the magnetic flow fluid precipitation in this chamber on the magnetic flow fluid substantial section that is contained in described at least one chamber with minimizing.
2. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, this device is a damping device with displaceable element, described displaceable element comprises a damper piston device, described damper piston device comprises one first end, second end and a chamber that comprises one first chamber and one second chamber at least, and described first chamber and described second chamber separate certain distance and be positioned at the two ends of described piston apparatus.
3. according to the device of claim 2, it is characterized in that, this device combines with a structure that comprises one first and second removable frame spare, wherein said housing (22) is connected to described first structural member, and described movable part is connected to described second structural member by a piston rod.
4. damping device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the described device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields comprises at least one electromagnet.
5. damping device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described at least one electromagnet is installed on the described wall section of described housing.
6. damping device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described at least one electromagnet is installed on described first end and described second end of described piston apparatus.
7. damping device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the described device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields comprises at least one permanent magnet.
8. damping device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described at least one permanent magnet is contained in each described first chamber and described second chamber.
9. damping device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described at least one permanent magnet is connected on described first end and described second end of described damping device piston apparatus.
10. damping device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described at least one permanent magnet is installed on the described wall section of described housing.
11. damping device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described at least one electromagnet is arranged on the banding pattern magnet on the outer surface of described housing.
12. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described housing is a lateral element of a break, and described movable component is a rotor.
13. the device according to claim 12 is characterized in that, the described device that is used to produce low-intensity magnetic fields comprises a permanent magnet.
14. the device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet is installed on the wall section of described at least one chamber of formation.
15. the device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet is installed on the described rotor.
16. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described device that is used to produce a low-intensity magnetic fields comprises the hard magnetic material near at least one chamber is magnetized.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97182336A CN1108467C (en) | 1997-08-04 | 1997-08-04 | Magnetroheological fluid device exhibiting settling stability |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97182336A CN1108467C (en) | 1997-08-04 | 1997-08-04 | Magnetroheological fluid device exhibiting settling stability |
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| CN1260031A true CN1260031A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| CN1108467C CN1108467C (en) | 2003-05-14 |
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| CN97182336A Expired - Fee Related CN1108467C (en) | 1997-08-04 | 1997-08-04 | Magnetroheological fluid device exhibiting settling stability |
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| FR2579283B1 (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1989-06-16 | Renault | ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATION DAMPER |
| US5277281A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1994-01-11 | Lord Corporation | Magnetorheological fluid dampers |
| WO1994010693A1 (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1994-05-11 | Lord Corporation | Thixotropic magnetorheological materials |
| DE4433056C2 (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1998-01-29 | Mannesmann Sachs Ag | Vibration dampers for motor vehicles |
| US5492312A (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1996-02-20 | Lord Corporation | Multi-degree of freedom magnetorheological devices and system for using same |
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| CN100356082C (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2007-12-19 | 北京工业大学 | Inverse type magnetic flow damper |
| CN102829101A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-12-19 | 南京理工大学 | Magnetic powder clutch applying permanent magnet material |
| CN102829101B (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2014-08-13 | 南京理工大学 | Magnetic powder clutch applying permanent magnet material |
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